伯

伯 (radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人竹日 (OHA), four-corner 2620₀, composition ⿰亻白)

• KangXi: page 96, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 466
• Dae Jaweon: page 204, character 20
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 136, character 2
• Unihan data for U+4F2F

Historical forms of the character 伯
Oracle bone script j18802 Bronze inscriptions b12252 Small seal script s05673 Transcribed ancient scripts L38151 L38152 L38153 L38154 L38155 L38156 L27760 L27761 L27762 L27763 L27764 L27765 L27766 L27767 L27768 L27769
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *praːɡ) : semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 白 (OC *braːɡ).

Unclear. Possibly an areal word (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Mru [script needed] (rak, “eldest brother”) and Kukish prak (“eldest brother”) (Löffler, 1966), as well as Lahu phâ (“god; lord”) < Thai พระ (prá) < Old Khmer bra or Angkorian Old Khmer braḥ, braḥh, brah (“distinguished; divine; excellent; holy; sacred; superior; etc.”) (see Khmer ព្រះ (prĕəh) for more).

Possibly related to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bʷaŋ ~ *pʷaŋ (“(paternal) uncle; elder brother”), in turn possibly related to 兄 (OC *hmraŋ, “elder brother”) (Benedict, 1972).

Alternatively, from 白 (OC *braːɡ, “white”); compare 皤 (OC *paːl, *baːl, “white”), which underwent parallel semantic shift to "white-haired", though this is possibly folk etymology (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation 2 is the exoactive/transitive of pronunciation 1 (ibid.).

伯

1. (archaic) eldest brother
2. paternal uncle; father's elder brother
3. form of address for senior males
4. (historical) count (rank)

   ⇒ 五等爵位

5. (Jilu Mandarin) mother
6. (Jilu Mandarin) paternal aunt (wife of father's elder brother)
7. (Wu) paternal aunt (father's sister)
8. A surname​.

In Old Chinese, sons of a same father are referred to in order as 伯 (bó, “first”), 仲 (zhòng, “second”), 叔 (shū, “third”) and 季 (jì, “fourth”). The usage of 仲 and 季 was later eliminated but 伯 and 叔 remained in use when referring to one's father's elder and younger brothers and male cousins. Moreover, 伯仲叔季 were commonly used in personal names in the past, and this is still occasionally seen nowadays.

Others:

• → Manchu: ᠪᡝ (be)

伯

1. ^† Alternative form of 霸 (bà, “feudal chief”).
2. ^† Alternative form of 霸 (bà, “to dominate; to lead”).

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. count, earl
2. eldest brother, eldest uncle
3. chief official
4. (abbreviation) Brazil

• Go-on: ひゃく (hyaku); へ (he)
• Kan-on: はく (haku, Jōyō); は (ha)
• Kun: おさ (osa, 伯); はたがしら (hatagashira, 伯)

伯 • (baek, pae, hak)

• Eumhun:
  • Sound (hangeul): 백, 패, 학 (revised: baek, pae, hak, McCune–Reischauer: paek, p'ae, hak)
  • Name (hangeul): 맏, 우두머리, 큰아버지, 백작

1. (맏 백, mat-): eldest (elder) brother
2. (우두머리 백, udumeori-): chief, chieftain, feudal rank count, earl (abolished in the late 14th century)

• 昆 (곤, gon) eldest (elder) brother

• 伯父 (백부, baek-bu) father's elder brother
• 伯母 (백모, baek-mo) father's elder brother's wife

• 佰 (백, baek) centurion
• 汗 (한, han) Khan
• 可汗 (가한, gahan) Khagan

伯 (bá)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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