List of battles before 301

Before 500 BC

Year	Battle	Loc.	Description
c. 3100 BC	Unification Battle of Egypt		King Narmer of Upper Egypt defeats Lower Egypt in battle and founds the Old Kingdom of Egypt
c. 2600 BC	Siege of Aratta	or	King Enmerkar of Uruk defeats the king of Aratta and forces the kingdom into submission
c. 2580 BC	Siege of Uruk		Uruk led by their King Gilgamesh and their General Enkidu repel siege by Kish led by Aga and his allies in Isin and Nippur. Kings of Isin and Nippur are captured.
c. 2500 BC	Battle of Banquan		The Yellow Emperor defeats the Flame Emperor at Banquan, forming the Huaxia Tribe. This was the first battle in Chinese history.
c. 2500 BC	Battle of Zhuolu		The Yellow Emperor defeats Chi You at Zhuolu. This was the second battle in Chinese history.
c. 2450 BC	Battle of Umma		Lagash decisively defeats Umma and makes it a tributary state.
c. 2300 BC	Battle of Terqa		The Kingdom of Ebla allied with the Kingdom of Nagar, Kingdom of Kish, and the Ib'al end the Third Mari-Ebla War by decisively defeating the Kingdom of Mari in Northeast Syria.
c. 2271 BC	Battle of Uruk		King Sargon of Akkad defeats the Sumerian force led by Lugal-Zage-Si at Uruk.
c. 1600 BC	Battle of Mingtiao		Tang of Shang defeats Jie of Xia, marking the beginning of the Shang dynasty.
c. 1500 BC	Battle of the Ten Kings		Indo-Aryan tribal king Sudas defeats the invading Ten Kings in the Punjab region of the Indian Subcontinent.
c. 1457 BC	Battle of Megiddo		Egyptian forces, led by Thutmose III, rout the Canaanite forces under the King of Kadesh.
c. 1400 BC	Battle of Jericho		Israelites under Joshua destroy the Canaanite city of Jericho and kill most of its population.
1319 BC	Battle of the Astarpa River		Hittite forces, led by Mursili II, destroy the Arzawa army under Piyama-Kurunta, son of their king Uhha-Ziti. Mursili destroys Milawanda and besieges Apasa as a result, forcing the king to retreat to Ahhiyawa along with his sons.
c. 1300 BC	Battle at Gibeah		Biblical battle between the Israelite Tribe of Benjamin and the other tribes of Israel, regarding the death of a concubine.
c. 1275 BC	First Battle of Alashiya		Hittite navy and army defeat the navy and army of the Kingdom of Alashiya in modern-day Cyprus. One of the first naval battles ever recorded.
c. 1274 BC	Battle of Kadesh		King Muwatallis of the Hittites surprise Ramesses II; the battle ends in a draw.
1269 BC	Siege of Dapur		Egyptian forces, led by Ramesses II, conquer Dapur.
c. 1250 BC	Battle of the Tollense		The largest excavated battle site of this age anywhere in the world, fought between unknown polities.
c. 1237 BC	Battle of Nihriya		Tukulti-Ninurta I of Assyria defeats Tudḫaliya IV of the Hittites.
c. 1205 BC	Second Battle of Alashiya		Hittite navy defeats navy of the Kingdom of Alashiya in Cyprus.
c. 1184 BC	Siege of Troy		Greeks led by Mycenae sack Troy in western Anatolia, ending 10 year Trojan War
c. 1178 BC	Battle of Djahy		Major land battle where Pharoah Ramesses III defeats the Sea Peoples who were attempting to invade and conquer Egypt.
c. 1175 BC	Battle of the Delta		Egypt under Ramesses III repels a major naval invasion by the Sea Peoples.
c. 1150 BC	Battle of Mount Tabor		Israelites led by Barak and Deborah defeat Caananites led by the King of Hazor.
c. 1046 BC	Battle of Muye		Decisive victory of the Zhou Dynasty against the Shang Dynasty.
c. 1025 BC	Battle of Michmash		Israelites defeat Philistines.
c. 1010 BC	Battle of Mount Gilboa		The Israelites fight against the Philistines; King Saul and his son Jonathan die.
c. 1010 BC	Siege of Jebus		King David of Israel takes the city of Jebus, later known as Jerusalem, from the Jebusites. It becomes the Israelite capital city.
925 BC	Battle of Bitter Lakes		Shoshenq I of Egypt defeats a Bedouin incursion after surprising the enemy at the shores of the Bitter Lakes.
925 BC	Sack of Jerusalem (925 BC)		The Egyptians capture and plunder the Israeli capital of Jerusalem.
913 BC	Battle of Mount Zemaraim		Judah under King Abijah defeats Israel under King Jeroboam I; 500,000 Israelites fall in a single battle.
878 BC	Battle of Suru		Assyrian king Ashurnasirpal II takes the fortress of Suru from the Babylonians.
853 BC	Battle of Karkar		Assyrian Shalmaneser III faces a military alliance of the king of Damascus and other rulers including Tyre.
814 BC	Battle of Dur-Papsukkal		Assyrian king Shamshi-Adad IV razes the Babylonian city, then defeats the army of their king Marduk-balassu-iqbi.
c. 750 BC	Battle of the Lacus Curtius		The newly-formed Roman Kingdom under King Romulus defeats the Sabines.
743-740	Siege of Arpad		Assyrian king Tiglath-Pileser III takes and razes the Syrian city of Arpad after besieging it for three years.
733 BC	Siege of Gezer (c.733 BC)		The Assyrian king, Tiglath-Pileser III takes Gazru (Gezer) from the Kingdom of Israel.
722 BC	Siege of Samaria		Assyrian king Sargon II begins his reign by concluding a siege started by his predecessor Tiglath-Pileser III, bringing a final conquest to the northern Kingdom of Israel after taking their capital.
714 BC	Battle of Lake Urmia		King Sargon II of Assyria decisively defeats King Rusa I of Urartu at Lake Urmia, Urartu soon becomes an Assyrian client state.
707 BC	Battle of Xuge		Zhou Dynasty is defeated by State of Zheng in the first open defiance of imperial authority that would start the Spring and Autumn period
701 BC	Siege of Azekah		Assyrian king Sennacherib takes the city of Azekah from the Kingdom of Judah.
	Siege of Lachish		Assyrian king Sennacherib takes the city of Lachish from the Kingdom of Judah.
	Siege of Jerusalem (701 BC)		Sennacherib besieges the capital of the Kingdom of Judah under Hezekiah. Both sides claim victory.
693 BC	Battle of Diyala River		King Sennacherib of Assyria defeats the Elamites of Southern Iran, led by Mushezib-Marduk, at Diyala River.
691 BC	Battle of Halule		King Sennacherib of Assyria fights a rebel force, composed of Babylonians, Chaldeans, Aramaeans, Elamites, and the tribes of the Zagros; the battle ended in a draw, although the greatest losses were suffered by the Assyrians.
689 BC	Siege of Babylon		Sennacherib sacks Babylon and puts down the Babylonians' rebellion.
685 BC	Battle of Deres		Aristomenes of Messenia fights Sparta, with an unknown and disputed end.
684 BC	Battle of Changshao		Part of Spring and Autumn period. Lu defeats Qi
682 BC	Battle of the Great Foss		Aristomenes, Androcles, Fidas, and Aristocrates II of the alliance between Messenia and Arcadia are decisively defeated by the Spartans.
669 BC	Battle of Hysiae		The Argives defeat the Lacedaemonians.
663 BC	Sack of Thebes		King Asshurbanipal of Assyria, aided by the future indigenous Egyptian Pharaoh of the 26th Dynasty of Egypt Psamtik I, sacks the city and ends the Kushite 25th Dynasty of Egypt. Thebes is permanently weakened as a city.
653 BC	Battle of Ulai		Assyrians defeat an Elamite army at the Ulai River, clearing the way to Elam. Elamite king Teumman and his son killed in the battle.
647 BC	Battle of Susa		King Assurbanipal of Assyria takes Susa from Elam, this meaning the end of the Elamites few years after.
642 BC	Battle of Yan		Duke Xiao of Qi, allied with Song (state) defeats his brothers to become ruler of Qi
635 BC	Fall of Ashdod		Psamtik I of Egypt takes Ashdod from the Neo-Assyrian Empire, after a 29-year siege.
632 BC	Battle of Chengpu		Duke Wen of Jin defeats the Chu commander Ziyu in the biggest battle of the Spring and Autumn period.
627 BC	Battle of Xiao		Part of the Spring and Autumn Period. Jin defeats Qin
626 BC	Revolt of Babylon (626 BC)		Nabopolassar successfully takes Babylon from Assyria and forms the Neo-Babylonian Empire.
616 BC	Battle of Qablin		Babylonians led by king Nabopolassar defeat the Assyrians and Mannaeans.
616 BC	Battle of Arrapha		Babylonians led by king Nabopolassar defeat the Assyrians.
615 BC	Fall of Tarbisu		The Medes led by Cyaxares take the city of Tarbisu from Assyria, pushing into their heartland.
614 BC	Fall of Assur		Nabopolassar of Babylonia and Cyaxares of the Medes take and destroy Assur, capital of Sin- Shar-Ishkun's Assyria.
612 BC	Battle of Nineveh		The Medes and Scythians join the Babylonians to sack Nineveh, the capital of Assyria.
609 BC	Battle of Megiddo		Necho II of Egypt defeats and kills King Josiah of Judah.
	Fall of Harran		Nabopolassar of Babylonia takes the Assyrian city of Harran, ruled by Ashur-uballit II, ending the Assyrian Empire.
	Siege of Harran		Egyptian assault of Harran fails
605 BC	Battle of Carchemish		Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon begins reign by defeating Necho II of Egypt.
605 BC	Battle of Hamath		Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon defeats Necho II of Egypt in Hamath. According to Daniel 1:1 Nebuchadrezzar II takes and despoils Jerusalem, under the rule of Jehoiakim of Judea, but Daniel was written in 167 BC and the siege was 599 BC.
597 BC	Siege of Jerusalem (597 BC)		Babylonia takes and despoils Jerusalem
595 BC	Battle of Bi		Part of the Spring and Autumn period. Chu defeats Jin
588 BC	Battle of An		Part of the Spring and Autumn period. Jin defeats Qi
587 BC	Siege of Jerusalem (587 BC)		Babylonia takes and destroys Jerusalem.
585 BC	Battle of Halys		Last battle of the war between Lydians and Medes. A solar eclipse is perceived as an ill omen and the fighting stops.
585 BC	Siege of Kirrha		Amphictyonic League led by Cleisthenes of Sicyon destroys the city of Kirrha after poisoning its water supply during the siege. Last battle of the First Sacred War.
575 BC	Battle of Yanling		Part of the Spring and Autumn period. Jin defeats Chu.
552 BC	Battle of Hyrba		Cyrus the Great of Persia defeats Harpagus of Media, starting the Persian rebel alliance.
551 BC	Battle of the Median Border		Cambyses I of Persia battles the Medians
550 BC	Battle of the Fetters		Battle between Sparta and Arcadia.
550 BC	Battle of Pasargadae		Cyrus the Great of Persia defeats Astyages of Media, annexing Media to Persia.
547 BC	Battle of Pteria		Croesus and Cyrus the Great fight to a draw.
	Battle of Thymbra		Croesus of Lydia is defeated by Cyrus the Great of Persia.
	Siege of Sardis (547 BC)		Lydia annexed by Cyrus the Great
545 BC	Battle of The 300 Champions		The Spartans defeat the Argives in a battle of 300 chosen champions. Only 3 survive.
540 BC	Battle of Alalia		Carthaginian and Etruscan fleets defeat Phocaeans.
539 BC-538 BC	Battle of Opis		Cyrus the Great defeats Nabonidus (or Belshazzar), leading to the conquest of the Neo-Babylonian Empire.
525 BC	Battle of Pelusium		Decisive victory of Cambyses II against Egyptians under Psamtik III - Egypt is annexed by the Achaemenid Empire.
509 BC	Battle of Silva Arsia		Roman Republic defeats Etruscan forces from Tarquinii and Veii led by deposed Roman king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus.
508 BC	Siege of Rome (508 BC)		Etruscan forces besiege Rome, ending in a peace treaty; monarchy stays abolished in Rome.
506 BC	Battle of Bai ju		Forces of Wu under Sun Tzu, defeat the forces of Chu.
502 BC	Battle of Pometia		Roman forces defeat rebellion by Latin towns

5th century BC

Year	Battle	Description
499 BC	Siege of Naxos	Battle between the Persians under Megabates and the Greek inhabitants of Naxos.
498 BC	Siege of Sardis	Battle between the people of Sardis and an alliance of Greeks from Ionia, Athens, and Eretria.
498 BC	Battle of Ephesus	Persian victory during the Ionian Revolt.
496 BC	Battle of Lake Regillus	Romans defeat either the Etruscans or the Latins.
494 BC	Battle of Lade	Persians defeat participants of the Ionian Revolt.
494 BC	Battle of Sepeia	Spartan forces of Cleomenes I defeat the Argives, fully establishing Spartan dominance in the Peloponnese.
490 BC	Siege of Naxos (490 BC)	The Persians destroy Naxos.
	Siege of Eretria	The Persians under Datis and Artaphernes defeat the Eretrians.
	Battle of Marathon	Athens under Miltiades defeats the Persian expedition of Darius I of Persia and Artaphernes.
480 BC	Battle of Thermopylae	Persians under Xerxes defeat a coalition of Greek forces led by the Spartans commanded by King Leonidas.
	Battle of Artemisium	Persian fleet fights an inconclusive battle with the Greek allied fleet.
	Battle of Salamis	Greek ships under Themistocles and Eurybiades of Sparta defeat Persian fleet in the Bay of Eleusis.
	Battle of Himera	The Greeks of Sicily, led by Gelo of Syracuse, defeat the Carthaginians under Hamilcar I of Carthage, who dies in the battle.
479 BC	Battle of Plataea	Ends the Persian invasion of Greece; Pausanias, the Spartan commander of the Greek army, routs the armies of Mardonius.
479 BC	Battle of Mycale	Greeks under Leotychidas sail to Asia Minor, attack the Persian fleet, and defeat the 60,000 Persian troops.
478 BC	Siege of Byzantium (478 BC)	Byzantium lost by Persians.
478 BC	Battle of Lize	Yue defeats Wu, gaining much territory, during the Warring States period of Chinese history.
477 BC	Battle of the Cremera	The Etruscan city of Veii defeats the Roman Republic at Cremera.
475 BC	Siege of Eion	The Delian League takes Eion from the Persians.
474 BC	Battle of Cumae	The Syracusans under Hiero I defeat the Etruscans and end Etruscan expansion in southern Italy.
466 BC	Battle of the Eurymedon	Athenians under Cimon defeat the Persians in a great naval battle.
458 BC	Battle of Mount Algidus	Romans under Cincinnatus defeat the Aequi.
458 BC	Battle of Aegina	Athens defeats Aegina
457 BC	Battle of Tanagra	The Spartans defeat the Athenians near Thebes, Greece.
457 BC	Battle of Oenophyta	The Athenians defeat the Thebans and take control of Boeotia.
454 BC	Siege of Prosoptis	Persia re-establishes control over Egypt.
454 BC	Battle of Mendesium	Fifty Athenian triemes try to relieve Prosoptis unaware it succumbed, most triemes sank by Persians.
453 BC	Battle of Jinyang	Decisive battle leading to the partition of the state of Jin into three smaller states of Zhao, Han, and Wei, which became three of the seven warring states in China.
450 BC	Siege of Citium	Persia maintains control over Cyprus.
450 BC	Battle of Salamis	Athenians under Cimon defeat the Persian fleet at Cyprus.
447 BC	Battle of Coronea	The Athenians are driven from Boeotia.
446 BC	Battle of Corbio	Roman General Titus gains a victory over the Aequi tribes.
435 BC	Capture of Fidenae	Romans defeat the Veii.
433 BC	Battle of Sybota	Athenians and Corcyreans fight the Corinthians.
432 BC	Battle of Potidaea	Athens defeats Sparta, leading to the Peloponnesian War.
429 BC	Battle of Spartolos	Chalcidians and their allies defeat Athens.
	Battle of Rhium	Naval defeat of the Peloponnesians by Athens.
	Battle of Naupactus	Phormio defeats the Peloponnesian fleet.
427 BC	Mytilenean revolt	Athens ends Mytilenian revolt.
427 BC	Battle of Plataea	Sparta besieges and destroys Plataea.
426 BC	Battle of Tanagra	Athenians under Nicias defeat Tanagra and Thebes.
	Battle of Olpae	Athenians under Demosthenes defeat the Spartans in Aetolia.
	Battle of Idomene	Demosthenes of Athens defeats Ambracia.
425 BC	Battle of Pylos	Athenians under Demosthenes again defeat the Spartans, this time capturing a Spartan fleet and leaving a Spartan contingent isolated on the island of Sphacteria.
425 BC	Battle of Sphacteria	Demosthenes and Cleon capture the Spartans on Sphacteria.
424 BC	Battle of Megara	Athens encounters defeat at Megara.
424 BC	Battle of Delium	Another Athenian invasion of Boeotia is unsuccessful.
423 BC	Battle of Lyncestis	Illyrians and Lyncestians fight the Spartans and Macedonians during the Peloponnessian War.
422 BC	Battle of Amphipolis	The Spartans under Brasidas defeat the Athenians under Cleon; both generals die.
418 BC	Battle of Mantinea	The Spartans under King Agis II defeat the Argives, Mantineans, and Athenians.
417 BC	Battle of Hysiae	Spartans march against Argos with their allies, yet fail to take the city itself, instead capturing Hysiae.
415 BC	Battle of Melos	Athens invades Melos.
415 BC	Battle of Syracuse	The Athenian expedition in Sicily, under Nicias and Demosthenes, is annihilated.
411 BC	Battle of Eretria	Spartans defeat the Athenian fleet.
	Battle of Syme	Spartans defeat Athenian fleet; Persia is drawn into the Peloponnesian War.
	Battle of Cynossema	The Athenians under Alcibiades defeat the Spartan fleet.
410 BC	Battle of Cyzicus	The Athenian fleet, under the leadership of Alcibiades, destroys the Spartan fleet.
410 BC	Battle of Abydos	Athenian navy defeats Spartan fleet.
409 BC	Battle of Selinus	Dorian Greek city Selinus destroyed by Carthage.
409 BC	Battle of Himera (409 BC)	Ionian Greek city Himera destroyed by Carthage.
406 BC	Battle of Notium	The Spartans under Lysander defeat a segment of the Athenian fleet under Antiochus.
	Battle of Mytilene	Sparta defeats Athens.
	Battle of Arginusae	The final Athenian victory of the Peloponnesian War.
	Siege of Akragas (406 BC)	Dorian Greek city Akragas sacked by Carthage.
405 BC	Battle of Gela (405 BC)	Dorian Greek city Gela sacked by Carthage.
	Battle of Aegospotami	The final battle of the Peloponnesian War; Lysander destroys the navy of Athens led by Conon.
	Sack of Camarina (405 BC)	Carthaginians sack Sicilian Greek city of Camarina.
404 or 403 BC	Battle of Phyle	The Athenian exiles, seeking to restore democracy in Athens, defeat the Spartans.
404 or 403 BC	Battle of Munychia	The Athenian exiles, in their search for democracy in Athens, defeat the oligarchic government of Athens.
403 BC	Battle of Piraeus	The Athenian exiles, led by Thrasybulus, are finally defeated by the Spartans of Pausanias, both sides suffering tremendous casualties. However, Piraeus and Athens are reunited and the democratic government of Athens is reestablished.
401 BC	Battle of Cunaxa	Artaxerxes II of Persia defeats the forces of Cyrus the Younger.

4th century BC

Year	Battle	Description
398 BC	Siege of Motya	Phoenician city Motya sacked by Sicilian Greeks.
397 BC	Battle of Messene	Ionian Greek city Messene sacked by Carthage.
	Battle of Catana (397 BC)	Greek fleet defeated by Carthage.
	Siege of Syracuse (397 BC)	Battle between Syracuse and Carthage. Part of the Sicilian Wars. Greek victory.
396 BC	Battle of Veii	Romans complete conquest of Etruscans.
395 BC	Battle of Haliartus	The Spartan general Lysander is killed in a Spartan defeat by the Thebans.
394 BC	Battle of Nemea	Spartans defeat the Thebans, Athenians, Argives, and Corinthians.
	Battle of Cnidus	The Spartan fleet under Peisander is utterly destroyed by the Persian-Athenian fleet of Conon.
	Battle of Coronea	King Agesilaus II of Sparta defeats the Thebans.
	Siege of Tauromenium (394 BC)	Syracuse besieges the Sicels
391 BC	Battle of Lechaeum	Iphicrates of Athens defeats Sparta during the Corinthian War.
390 BC	Battle of the Allia	The Gauls defeat the Romans, leading to the Gallic sack of Rome.
389 BC	Battle of the Elleporus	Dionysius I of Syracuse defeats the Italiote League, securing his domination of Greek Southern Italy.
389 BC	Siege of Theodosia (389 BC)	Bosporan Kingdom tries to take Theodosia but fails
386 BC	Siege of Rhegium	Dionysius I of Syracuse conquers the city and sells the inhabitants into slavery.
380 BC	Battle of Labrytai	Bosporan Kingdom conquers the Sindlike Kingdom
376 BC	Battle of Naxos	The Athenians under Chabrias defeat the Spartans at sea.
375 BC	Battle of Tegyra	Pelopidas of Thebes defeats Sparta.
371 BC	Battle of Leuctra	Spartans under king Cleombrotus lose to the Thebans under Epaminondas - Cleombrotus is killed. This ends the period of Spartan domination of Greece
365 BC	Siege of Theodosia (c. 365 BC)	Bosporan Kingdom again tries to take Theodosia and again fails
364 BC	Battle of Cynoscephalae	The Thebans under Pelopidas fight a drawn battle with Alexander of Pherae in Thessaly. Pelopidas is killed.
362 BC	Battle of Mantinea	The Thebans and their allies, under Epaminondas, defeat the Spartans and Athenians, but Epaminondas himself is killed, ending the brief period of Theban domination.
360 BC	Siege of Theodosia (c. 360 BC)	Bosporan Kingdom besieges Theodosia for the third time, this time taking the city
359 BC	Battle of Methone	Philip II of Macedon defeats 3,000 Athenian mercenaries on the Macedonian coast.
358 BC	Battle of Erigon Valley	Philip II of Macedon defeats the Kingdom of Dardania, expanding Macedonia to their northwestern frontier.
356 BC	Battle of Embata	Athenians under Chares, Iphicrates, and Timotheos are defeated by the Chians at Chios, Greece.
353 BC	Battle of Crocus Field	Philip II of Macedon defeats the Phocians in the Third Sacred War.
353 BC	Battle of Guiling	Tian Ji and Sun Bin of Qi defeat Pang Juan of Wei at Handan during the Warring States period of China.
343 BC	Battle of Pelusium	Persians defeat Egyptian forces under Nectanebo II.
342 BC	Battle of Mount Gaurus	Roman general Marcus Valerius Corvus defeats the Samnites.
342 BC	Battle of Maling	Tian Ji and Sun Bin of Qi again defeat Pang Juan of Wei, this time at Dazhangija Town, Shen County, in Henan Province.
341 BC	Battle of Suessula	The Roman Republic beats the Samnites, but is forced to withdraw due to the revolt of several of its Latin allies.
340 BC	Battle of the Crimissus	Timoleon defeats the Carthaginian invaders of Sicily.
340 BC	Siege of Byzantium	A siege by Philip II of Macedonia.
339 BC	Battle of Vesuvius	Romans under P. Decius Mus and T. Manlius Imperiosus defeat the rebellious Latins.
338 BC	Battle of Chaeronea	2 August - Philip of Macedon crushes Athens and Thebes in their struggle to maintain their independence.
338 BC	Battle of Trifanum	Roman general T. Manlius Imperiosus decisively defeats the Latins.
335 BC	Siege of Pelium	Macedon under Alexander the Great defeats the Illyrians
335 BC	Battle of Thebes	Macedon under Alexander the Great defeats Thebes and razes the city.
334 BC	Battle of the Granicus	Alexander the Great defeats the Persian army in Western Asia Minor.
	Siege of Miletus	Macedon takes Miletus from Persia
	Siege of Halicarnassus	Alexander the Great takes Halicarnassus
333 BC	Battle of Issus	Alexander the Great defeats the main Persian army under King Darius III in northern Syria.
333 BC	Siege of Gordium	Parmenion, in the absence of Alexander, captures the city of Gordium from the Persian Achaemenid Empire, annexing all Anatolia to Macedon.
332 BC	Siege of Tyre (332 BC)	Alexander the Great besieges the city.
332 BC	Siege of Gaza	Alexander the Great, commander of the Macedonian forces and their Greek allies, takes Gaza from the Persian Batis, gaining Egypt.
331 BC	Battle of Pandosia	Alexander of Epirus, the uncle of Alexander the Great, is defeated and killed in Italy by the Samnites.
	Battle of Megalopolis	Antipater, Alexander's regent in Macedon and Greece, defeats the Spartans under King Agis III.
	Battle of Gaugamela	1 October - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III in Mesopotamia and conquers Persia.
	Battle of the Uxian Defile	December - Alexander the Great defeats the Uxii tribes of the Zagros Mountains.
330 BC	Battle of the Persian Gate	Persians fail to prevent Alexander the Great from taking Persepolis.
329 BC	Siege of Cyropolis	Alexander the Great and Craterus take Cyropolis from the Sogdians
329 BC	Battle of Jaxartes	Alexander the Great defeats the nomadic Saka tribes of Central Asia.
327 BC	Capture of Neapolis	The Samnites take the city of Neapolis from Rome.
	Siege of the Sogdian Rock	Alexander the Great of the now Macedonian Empire takes the fortress of the Sogdian Rock or Rock of Ariamazes from the Sogdians, gaining all Sogdiana.
	Siege of Aornos	Alexander the Great takes the fortress of Aornos in the gorges of the Upper Indus.
326 BC	Battle of the Hydaspes	Alexander defeats the Indian King Porus.
323 BC	Battle of Plataea	Athenians decisively defeat Boeotian forces, who are allied with Macedon in the Lamian War
322 BC	Battle of Amorgos	Cleitus the White defeats the Athenian fleet
	Battle of Echinades	Cleitus the White again defeats the Athenian fleet, Macedon becomes dominant in the ocean
	Battle of Crannon	Final battle of the Lamian War
321 BC	Battle of the Caudine Forks	The Romans under Spurius Postumius and T. Verturius Calvinus are defeated by the Samnites under Gaius Pontius.
321 BC	Battle of the Hellespont (321 BC)	Eumenes defeats and kills Craterus and Neoptolemus
319 BC	Battle of Orkynia	Antigonus Monophthalmus defeats Eumenes
319 BC	Battle of Cretopolis	Antigonus Monophthalmus defeats the remnant Perdiccan faction.
319 BC	Battle of Pataliputra	Chandragupta Maurya attacks capital of the Nanda Empire
317 BC	Siege of Megalopolis	Alexander's regent Polyperchon fails to siege city supporting Cassander
317 BC	Battle of Byzantium	Coalition of Antigonus Monophthalmus and Cassander defeat coalition of Polyperchon and Cleitus the White
317 BC	Battle of Paraitakene	Indecisive battle between Antigonus Monophthalmus vs. Eumenes
315 BC	Battle of Lautulae	The Romans are defeated by the Samnites.
315 BC	Battle of Gabiene	Forces of Antigonus Monophthalmus defeat and kill Eumenes
312 BC	Battle of Gaza	Ptolemy I of Egypt defeats Demetrius I Poliorcetes
311 BC	Battle of Himera	The Carthaginian general Hamilcar defeats the tyrant Agathocles of Syracuse, who is then besieged in Syracuse.
311 BC	First Siege of Babylon (311 BC)	Seleucid dynasty decisively defeats Antigonid dynasty and establishes control over Babylon.
311 BC	Battle of the Tigris	Seleucid dynasty defeats the Antigonid dynasty and kills Nicanor and Eaugoras.
310 BC	Battle of Lake Vadimo	The Romans defeat the Etruscans.
	Second Siege of Babylon (310 BC)	Seleucid dynasty defeats Antigonid dynasty
	Battle of the River Thatis	Satyros II of the Bosporan Kingdom allied with the Scythians defeats his brother Eumelos and his Sarmatian army in the opening battle of the Bosporan Civil War.
310 BC	Siege of Syracuse	Syracuse repels a Carthaginian siege of the city
309 BC	Third Siege of Babylon (309 BC)	Seleucus keeps citadel, Antigonus captures part of the city.
	Battle of the 25 of Abu	Seleucus decisively defeats Antigonus, is recognized as ruler of Babylon, Elam and Media
	Siege of Siracena	Satyros II is killed while besieging Eumelos
	Battle of Lake Maeotis	Eumelos defeats his brother Prytanis and takes the throne of the Bosporan Kingdom, ending the civil war
306 BC	Battle of Salamis in Cyprus (306 BC)	Demetrius I Poliorcetes defeats the fleet of Menelaeus, brother of Ptolemy I and captures Cyprus.
305 BC	Battle of Bovianum	The Roman consuls M. Fulvius and L. Postumius decisively defeat the Samnites to end the Second Samnite War.
305-304 BC	Siege of Rhodes (305 BC)	Rhodian commander Ares, alongside his Seleucid and Ptolemaic allies, repels a siege by the Antigonids, led by Demetrius Poliorcetes.
301 BC	Battle of Ipsus	Antigonus Monophthalmus is defeated and killed by Seleucus and Lysimachus.

3rd century BC

Year	Battle	Description
298 BC	Battle of Camerinum	The Samnites allied with the Gauls defeat the Romans under Lucius Cornelius Scipio in the first battle of the Third Samnite War.
297 BC	Battle of Tifernum	Roman forces defeat the Samnites in Umbria.
295 BC	Battle of Sentinum	The Romans under Fabius Rullianus and Publius Decimus Mus defeat the Samnites and their Etruscan and Gallic allies, forcing the Etruscans, Gauls, and Umbrians to make peace.
293 BC	Battle of Aquilonia	The Romans decisively defeat the Samnites.
293 BC	Battle of Yique	Qin forces defeat the allied states of Wei and Han, leading to Qin's further superiority in China.
291 BC	Siege of Thebes	Demetrius I Poliorcetes defeats a Boeotian rebellion
287 BC	Siege of Athens (287 BC)	Demetrius besieges Athens but doesn’t take the city
284 BC	Battle of Arretium	A Roman army under Lucius Caecilius is destroyed by the Gauls.
283 BC	Battle of Lake Vadimo	A Roman army under P. Cornelius Dolabello defeats the Etruscans and Gauls.
282 BC	Battle of Populonia	Etruscan resistance to Roman domination of Italy is finally crushed.
281 BC	Battle of Corupedium	Last battle in the wars of the Diadochi. Seleucus defeats and kills Lysimachus.
280 BC	Battle of Heraclea	First engagement of Roman and Greek armies, the latter led by Pyrrhus of Epirus, who is victorious.
279 BC	Battle of Asculum	Pyrrhus again defeats the Romans, at a great cost.
279 BC	Battle of Thermopylae (279 BC)	A Greek alliance battles invading Gallic forces indecisively.
278 BC	Siege of Syracuse (278 BC)	Pyrrhus of Epirus ends a Carthaginian siege of the city
278 BC	Siege of Lilybaeum	Pyrrhus fails to expel Carthage from Sicily
277 BC	Battle of Lysimachia	Macedonian Antigonid forces versus Gallic tribes that had settled in the Thracian Chersonese.
277 BC	Battle of the Cranita hills	Samnites defeat the Romans.
275 BC	Battle of Beneventum	Pyrrhus fights Rome one last time in this inconclusive draw, but elects to leave Italy afterwards.
274 BC	Battle of the Aous	Pyrrhus defeats Antigonus Gonatas of Macedon.
272 BC	Siege of Sparta	Pyrrhus tries to take Sparta but is repelled
272 BC	Battle of Argos	Pyrrhus is defeated by Macedon and its allies and dies soon after, ending Epirot intervention in the Peloponnese
262 BC	Battle of Agrigentum	Carthaginian forces under Hannibal Gisco and Hanno are defeated by the Romans, giving them control of most of Sicily.
261 BC	Battle of Cos	Naval victory of Antigonus II Gonatas over Ptolemy II.
260 BC	Battle of Changping	Army of Qin under Bai Qi routed army of Zhao and massacred 500,000 prisoners of war. Military superiority of Qin over all other states of China. Unification became a matter of time.
	Battle of the Lipara Islands	A Roman naval force is defeated by the Carthaginians.
	Battle of Mylae	A Roman naval force under C. Duillius defeats the Carthaginian fleet, giving Rome control of the western Mediterranean.
258 BC	Battle of Ephesus	Rhodians under Agathostratus defeat a Ptolemaic fleet under Chremonides.
258 BC	Battle of Sulci	Minor Roman naval victory during First Punic War.
257 BC	Battle of Tyndaris	Sicilian town captured by Rome.
256 BC	Battle of Cape Ecnomus	A Carthaginian fleet under Hamilcar and Hanno is defeated in an attempt to stop a Roman invasion of Africa by Marcus Atilius Regulus.
255 BC	Battle of Adys	The Romans under Regulus defeat the Carthaginians in North Africa.
255 BC	Battle of Tunis	The Carthaginians under Xanthippus, a Greek mercenary, defeat the Romans under Regulus, who is captured.
251 BC	Battle of Panormus	Carthaginian forces under Hasdrubal are defeated by the Romans under L. Caecilius Metellus.
249 BC	Battle of Drepana	Carthaginians under Adherbal defeat the fleet of Roman admiral Claudius Pulcher.
246 BC	Battle of Andros	Ptolemy III loses the Cyclades to Antigonus II of Macedonia.
241 BC	Battle of the Aegates Islands	Roman sea victory over the Carthaginians, ending the First Punic War
239 BC	Battle of the Bagradas River	Hamilcar defeats mercenary troops, making it the first Punic victory in the Mercenary Wars.
239 BC	Battle of "The Saw"	Hamilcar defeats a great mercenary army at Tunis.
238 BC	Battle of Utica	Rebellious Carthaginian mercenaries are defeated by the loyal troops of Hamilcar Barca
226 BC	Battle of Dyme	Sparta defeats the Achaean League decisively, resulting in a peace treaty.
225 BC	Battle of Faesulae	The Romans are defeated by the Gauls of Northern Italy.
225 BC	Battle of Telamon	The Romans under Aemilius Papus and Caius Atilius Regulus defeat the Gauls.
222 BC	Battle of Clastidium	The Romans under Marcus Claudius Marcellus defeat the Gauls.
222 BC	Battle of Sellasia	Defeat of Cleomenes III of Sparta by Antigonus Doson of Macedon and the Achaean League.
218 BC	Siege of Saguntum	Hannibal of Carthage lays siege to the city of Saguntum in Spain, marking the start of the Second Punic War.
	Battle of Lilybaeum	Roman naval forces under Amellius defeat the Carthaginians, ending their attempts to colonize Sicily.
	Battle of Rhone Crossing	Hannibal defeats the Volcae Gauls, staying undefeated in his march for Italy.
	Battle of the Ticinus	November - Hannibal defeats the Romans under Publius Cornelius Scipio the elder in a small cavalry fight.
	Battle of the Trebia	Hannibal defeats the Romans under Tiberius Sempronius Longus, who had foolishly attacked.
	Battle of Cissa	Roman forces defeat a Catharginian army under Hanno, controlling the territory north of Ebro river.
217 BC	Battle of Raphia	22 June - Antiochus III the Great is defeated by Ptolemy IV.
	Battle of Lake Trasimene	24 June - In an ambush, Hannibal destroys the Roman army of Gaius Flaminius, who is killed.
	Battle of Ebro River	Roman naval forces destroy a Carthaginian fleet under Himilco, weakening Carthage's influence in Iberia.
	Battle of Ager Falernus	Hannibal defeats Roman forces under Quintus Fabius Maximus.
	Battle of Geronium	Hannibal fights Roman forces in Apulia, resulting in a strategic draw.
216 BC	Battle of Cannae	2 August - Hannibal destroys the Roman army of Lucius Aemilius Paulus and Publius Terentius Varro in what is considered one of the great masterpieces of the tactical art.
216 BC	First Battle of Nola	The Roman general Marcus Claudius Marcellus holds off an attack by Hannibal.
215 BC	Battle of Dertosa	A Roman army under Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus and Publius Cornelius Scipio destroys Carthaginian forces under Hasdrubal.
	Second Battle of Nola	Marcellus again repulses an attack by Hannibal.
	Battle of Cornus	Roman forces under Torquatus defeat a Carthaginian army under Hamilcar in Sicily.
214 BC	Third Battle of Nola	Marcellus fights an inconclusive battle with Hannibal.
	Battle of Beneventum	Tiberius Gracchus' slave legions defeat Hanno, son of Bomilcar and, therefore, deny Hannibal his reinforcements.
	Siege of Syracuse	The Roman general Marcellus' forces being kept at bay by the inventions of Archimedes.
212 BC	Battle of Tarentum	Hannibal defeats a Roman army in southern Italy, strengthening his situation in Italy.
	First Battle of Capua	Hannibal defeats the Consuls Q. Fulvius Flaccus and Appius Claudius, but the Roman army escapes.
	Battle of Beneventum	Quintus Fulvius Flaccus defeats Hanno (son of Bomilcar) in Southern Italy.
	Battle of the Silarus	Hannibal destroys the army of the Roman praetor M. Centenius Penula.
	Battle of Herdonia	Hannibal destroys the Roman army of the praetor Gnaeus Fulvius.
211 BC	Battle of the Upper Baetis	Publius and Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio are killed in battle with the Carthaginians under Hannibal's brother Hasdrubal Barca.
211 BC	Second Battle of Capua	Hannibal is unable to break the Roman siege of the city.
210 BC	Second Battle of Herdonia	Hannibal destroys the Roman army of Fulvius Centumalus, who is killed.
210 BC	Battle of Numistro	Hannibal defeats Marcellus once more.
209 BC	First Battle of Lamia	Philip V of Macedon defeats an Aetolian force under Phyrrhias.
	Second Battle of Lamia	Philip V of Macedon again defeats Phyrrhias.
	Battle of Asculum	Hannibal once again defeats Marcellus, in an indecisive battle.
	Battle of Tarentum	Quintus Fabius Maximus defeats Hannibal's forces.
208 BC	Battle of Baecula	The Romans in Spain under P. Cornelius Scipio the Younger defeat Hasdrubal Barca.
	Siege of Bactra	The Seleucid Empire defeats the Greco-Bactrians under Euthydemus.
	Battle of the Arius	Antiochus III defeats the Greco-Bactrians.
207 BC	Battle of Grumentum	The Roman general Gaius Claudius Nero fights an indecisive battle with Hannibal, then escapes north to confront Hannibal's brother Hasdrubal Barca, who has invaded Italy.
	Battle of Julu	Xiang Yu destroys the main Qin army for control of China.
	Battle of the Metaurus	Hasdrubal is defeated and killed by Nero's Roman army.
	Battle of Cartagena	Scipio Africanus Major destroys the Catharginian city of Cartagena in Iberia.
	Battle of Mantinea	Philopoemen of the Achaean League defeats the Spartans under Machanidas, who is killed.
206 BC	Battle of Ilipa	Scipio again decisively defeats the remaining Carthaginian forces in Spain.
205 BC	Battle of Jingxing	Han Xin, with an army of 30,000 levies, defeats a numerically larger army of the Zhao near Jingxing (Jing Gorge).
205 BC	Battle of Tao River	Han Xin, positioning his army with a river behind them to make them fight to the death, defeats a Zhao army, killing Chen Yu and capturing Zhao Xie, the Prince of Zhao.
204 BC	Battle of Crotona	Hannibal fights a drawn battle against the Roman general Sempronius in Southern Italy.
	Battle of Utica	Scipio Africanus fights the Carthaginians and Numidians, ending in a draw.
	Battle of Wei River	Han Xin defeats a joint Qi and Western Chu army by building a temporary dam, luring his enemies into the river, and opening the dam to drown them.
203 BC	Battle of Utica	Publius Cornelius Scipio decisively defeats Catharge under Hasdrubal.
	Battle of Bagbrades	The Romans under Scipio defeat the Carthaginian army of Hasdrubal Gisco and Syphax. Hannibal is sent to return to Africa.
	Battle of Cirta	Roman forces sack the Numidian capital, decisively defeating Carthage's ally.
	Po Valley Raid	Roman forces under Varus and Cethegus defeat Mago of Carthage, ending the Second Punic War in Italy.
202 BC	Battle of Zama	Scipio Africanus Major decisively defeats Hannibal in North Africa, ending the Second Punic War.
202 BC	Battle of Gaixia	The Han forces led by Liu Bang, who was later to become Emperor of China, defeats their Chu opponents.
201 BC	Battle of Chios	Philip V of Macedon is defeated at sea by the Rhodians and Pergamenes.
201 BC	Battle of Lade	Philip V of Macedon defeats Cleonaeus of Rhodes in a naval battle.
200 BC	Battle of Cremona	Roman forces defeat the Gauls of Cisalpine Gaul.
	Battle of Baideng	The army of Han China, attempting to conquer the Xiongnu people living to the north, is defeated and the Chinese Emperor is almost captured.
	Battle of Panium	Antiochus III the Great secures the conquest of Syria and Israel from Egypt with this victory.

2nd century BC

Year	Battle	Description
198 BC	Battle of the Aous	Roman forces under Titus Quinctius Flamininus defeat the Macedonians under Philip V.
197 BC	Battle of Cynoscephalae	Romans under Flamininus decisively defeat Philip in Thessaly.
194 BC	Battle of Mutina	Roman victory over the Gauls.
194 BC	Battle of Gythium	With assistance from Rome, Rhodes, Macedon, and Philopoemen of the Achaean League defeat the Spartans under Nabis.
191 BC	Battle of Thermopylae	Romans under Manius Acilius Glabrio defeat Antiochus III the Great and force him to evacuate Greece.
190 BC	Battle of the Eurymedon	Roman forces under Lucius Aemilius Regillus defeat a Seleucid fleet commanded by Hannibal, fighting his last battle.
	Battle of Myonessus	Another Seleucid fleet is defeated by the Romans.
	Battle of Magnesia	(near Smyrna) December - Romans under Lucius Cornelius Scipio and his brother Scipio Africanus Major defeat Antiochus III the Great in the decisive victory of the war.
189 BC	Battle of Mount Olympus	Roman and Pergamum forces crushingly defeat the Galatians.
171 BC	Battle of Callicinus	Perseus of Macedon defeats a Roman army under Publius Licinius Crassus.
168 BC	Battle of Pydna	22 June - Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus defeat and capture Macedonian King Perseus, ending the Third Macedonian War and annexing Macedon for Rome.
167 BC	Battle of Wadi Haramia	Jewish rebels under Judas Maccabaeus deal a serious blow to the Seleucids, killing their leader Apollonius.
166 BC	Battle of Beth Horon (166 BC)	The Jewish rebel leader Judas Maccabaeus defeats the Seleucids.
166 BC	Battle of Emmaus	Judas Maccabeus again defeats the Seleucids.
164 BC	Battle of Beth Zur	Another victory of Judas Maccabaeus over the Seleucids, leading to the recapture of Jerusalem by the rebels.
162 BC	Battle of Beth Zachariah	The Seleucid regent Lysias defeats the Jewish rebels.
161 BC	Battle of Adasa	In his last victory, Judas Maccabaeus defeats and kills the Seleucid general Nicanor.
160 BC	Battle of Elasa	Jewish leader Judas Maccabaeus is defeated and killed by the Seleucid army of Bacchides.
148 BC	Battle of Pydna	The forces of the Macedonian pretender Andriscus are defeated by the Romans under Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus in the decisive engagement of the Fourth Macedonian War.
146 BC	Battle of Carthage (c.149 BC)	Scipio Africanus Minor captures and destroys Carthage, ending the Third Punic War.
146 BC	Battle of Corinth	The Romans under Lucius Mummius defeat the Achaean League forces of Critolaus, who is killed. Greece comes under direct Roman rule.
145 BC	Battle of Antioch	Ptolemy VI Philometor defeats the Seleucid usurper Alexander Balas, but is killed in the fighting.
133 BC	Siege of Numantia	Roman forces under Scipio Aemilianus defeat the Celtiberians and sack their capital city.
133 BC	Battle of Mayi	Aborted ambush mission by the Han against invading Xiongnu forces.
129 BC	Battle of Ecbatana	The Seleucid King Antiochus VII Sidetes is defeated and killed by the Parthians under Phraates II, ending any pretense of Seleucid control over Media or Mesopotamia.
119 BC	Battle of Mobei	Han forces decisively defeat the Xiongnu army in the Gobi desert, more than 90,000 Xiongnus killed.
113 BC	Siege of Cirta	Jugurtha defeats Adherbal and takes over all of Numidia
112 BC	Battle of Noreia	Cimbrian victory against Rome during the Cimbrian War.
110 BC	Battle of Suthul	Numidian victory in the Jugurthine War
109 BC	Battle of the Muthul	Roman forces under Caecilius Metellus defeat the forces of Jugurtha of Numidia.
109 BC	Siege of Zama	Rome besieges Zama
108 BC	Battle of Loulan	Han forces defeat Loulan.
108 BC	Siege of Thala	Rome besieges Thala
107 BC	Battle of Burdigala	Alliance of Germanic and Celtic tribes led by Divico defeat the Romans and kill Lucius Cassius Longinus and Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus.
106 BC	Second Battle of Cirta	Gaius Marius defeats Numidia and Mauretania and captures Cirta
105 BC	Battle of Arausio	6 October - Cimbri inflict a major defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus.
103 BC	Battle of Scirthaea	Praetor Lucius Licinius Lucullus defeats the slave army of Salvius Tryphon in an open field.
103 BC	Siege of Triocala	Lucullus besieges the slave stronghold but ends the siege after finding out he had been replaced.
102 BC	Battle of Tridentum	Rome has a tactical withdrawal from combat with the Cimbri.
102 BC	Battle of Aquae Sextae	The Romans under Gaius Marius defeat the Teutons.
101 BC	Battle of Vercellae	The Romans under Marius defeat the Cimbri, who are entirely annihilated.

1st century BC

Year	Battle	Description
89 BC	Battle of Fucine Lake	Roman forces under Lucius Porcius Cato are defeated by the Italian rebels in the Social War.
89 BC	Battle of Asculum	The Roman army of C. Pompeius Strabo decisively defeats the rebels in the Social War.
88 BC	Battle of the River Amnias	Mithridatic forces defeat Nicomedes IV of Bithynia.
88 BC	Battle of Mount Scorobas	Mithridatic forces under Archelaus defeat the Romans under Manius Aquilius.
87 - 86 BC	Siege of Athens and Piraeus	Lucius Cornelius Sulla defeats the combined forces of Athens and Pontus at Athens.
86 BC	Battle of Tenedos	Naval victory for Lucius Licinius Lucullus during the First Mithridatic War.
86 BC	Battle of Chaeronea	The Roman forces of Lucius Cornelius Sulla defeat the Pontic forces of Archelaus in the First Mithridatic War.
85 BC	Battle of Orchomenus	Sulla again defeats Archelaus in the decisive battle of the First Mithridatic War.
83 BC	Battle of Mount Tifata	Sulla defeats the Popular forces of Caius Norbanus in the First Roman Civil War.
82 BC	Battle of the Colline Gate	November - Sulla defeats Samnites allied to the Popular party in Rome in the decisive battle of the Civil War.
80 BC	Battle of the Baetis River	Rebel forces under Quintus Sertorius defeat the legal Roman forces of Lucius Fulfidias in Spain.
74 BC	Battle of Chalcedon	Mithridates VI of Pontus defeats Romans under Marcus Aerelius Cotta.
74 BC	Battle of Cyzicus	Roman forces under Lucius Lucullus defeat the forces of Mithridates VI of Pontus.
73 BC	Battle of Mount Vesuvius	Slave army under Spartacus defeats Romans under Gaius Claudius Glaber.
72 BC	Battle of Cabira	Lucullus again defeats Mithridates, overrunning Pontus.
71 BC	Battle of Cantenna	Romans under Marcus Licinius Crassus defeat slave armies, killing their leaders Gannicus and Castus.
71 BC	Battle of the Silarius River	Roman forces led by Marcus Licinius Crassus decisively defeat the slave army of Spartacus, who dies in the battle. End of the Servile Wars.
69 BC	Battle of Tigranocerta	Lucullus defeats the army of Tigranes II of Armenia, who was harboring his father-in-law Mithridates VI of Pontus.
68 BC	Battle of Artaxata	Lucullus again defeats Tigranes.
67 BC	Battle of Korakesion	Naval battle between pirates and Pompey's Fleet, ending in a decisive victory against piracy in the Mediterranean.
	Battle of Jushi	Han troops defeat the Xiongnu, seizing the city of Jiaohe.
	Battle of Zela (67 BC)	Mithridates VI retakes his kingdom from Rome
66 BC	Battle of the Lycus	Pompey the Great decisively defeats Mithridates VI, effectively ending the Third Mithridatic War.
65 BC	Battle of the Pelorus	Pompey defeats the Iberians
63 BC	Battle of Magetobriga	The Gallic Sequani and Averni tribes and Germanic Suebi tribe led by Ariovistus defeat the Gallic Aedui tribe, which appeals to the Roman Senate for aid, which becomes a basis which leads to the Gallic Wars.
62 BC	Battle of Pistoria	January - The forces of the conspirator Catiline are defeated by the loyal Roman armies under Gaius Antonius.
58 BC	Battle of the Arar	(Saône) June - Caesar defeats the migrating Helvetii.
	Battle of Bibracte	July - Caesar again defeats the Helvetii, this time decisively.
	Battle of Vosges (58 BC)	Caesar decisively defeats the forces of the Germanic chieftain Ariovistus near modern Belfort.
57 BC	Battle of the Axona	(Aisne) Caesar defeats the forces of the Belgae under King Galba of Suessiones.
	Battle of the Sabis	(Sambre) Caesar defeats the Nervii.
	Siege of the Atuatuci	Caesar conquers the Atuatuci in modern-day Belgium after sieging their capital. 4,000 were killed and the rest sold into slavery.
57-56 BC	Battle of Octodurus	Rome under Servius Sulpicius Galba defeats the Seduni and Veragri tribes of Switzerland, but the ferocity of the battle led to the legion subsequently moving out of the Alps.
53 BC	Battle of Carrhae	The Roman Triumvir Crassus is defeated and killed by the Parthians.
52 BC	Battle of Bovillae	The gangs of Clodius and Milo clash surprisingly, leading to the death of Clodius.
	Siege of Avaricum	Julius Caesar defeats Vercingetorix.
	Battle of Gergovia	Caesar is defeated by the Gallic leader Vercingetorix.
	Battle of Lutetia	Romans under Titus Labienus defeat Gauls under Camulogene
	Battle of Alesia	Caesar defeats Vercingetorix, completing the Roman conquest of Transalpine Gaul.
49 BC	Siege of Massilia	Caesar besieges and captures Massilia, resulting in the absorption of the city into the Republic in the first battle of Caesar's Civil War.
	Battle of Ilerda	Caesar defeats the Spanish army of Pompey.
	Battle of Utica (49 BC)	C. Scribonius Curio defeats the Numidians in North Africa, cutting off supplies to Attius Varus.
	Battle of the Bagradas River	24 August - Caesar's general Gaius Curio is defeated in North Africa by the Pompeians under Attius Varus and King Juba I of Numidia. Curio commits suicide.
48 BC	Battle of Dyrrhachium (48 BC)	10 July - Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia.
	Battle of Pharsalus	Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey, who flees to Egypt.
	Battle of Nicopolis (48 BC)	Pharnaces II of Pontus decisively defeats a Roman army under Calvinus.
47 BC	Battle of the Nile	February - Caesar defeats the forces of the Egyptian king Ptolemy XIII.
	Siege of Alexandria (47 BC)	Ptolemy XIII lays an unsuccessful siege on Alexandria to defeat Caesar and his sister Cleopatra VII.
	Battle of Zela	August - Caesar defeats Pharnaces II of Pontus. This is the battle where he famously said Veni, vidi, vici. (I came, I saw, I conquered.).
46 BC	Battle of Ruspina	4 January - Caesar loses perhaps as much as a third of his army to Titus Labienus.
46 BC	Battle of Thapsus	6 February - Caesar defeats the Pompeian army of Metellus Scipio in North Africa.
45 BC	Battle of Munda	17 March - In his last victory, Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Gnaeus Pompey the Younger in Spain. Labienus is killed in the battle and the Younger Pompey captured and executed.
43 BC	Battle of Forum Gallorum	14 April - Antony, besieging Caesar's assassin Decimus Brutus in Mutina, defeats the forces of the consul Pansa, who is killed, but is then immediately defeated by the army of the other consul, Hirtius
43 BC	Battle of Mutina	21 April - Antony is again defeated in battle by Hirtius, who is killed. Although Antony fails to capture Mutina, Decimus Brutus is murdered shortly thereafter.
42 BC	First Battle of Philippi	3 October - The Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's assassins Marcus Brutus and Cassius. Although Brutus defeats Octavian, Antony defeats Cassius, who commits suicide.
42 BC	Second Battle of Philippi	23 October - Brutus's army is decisively defeated by Antony and Octavian. Brutus escapes, but commits suicide soon after.
40 BC	Battle of Perugia	Mark Antony's brother Lucius Antonius and Mark Anthony's wife Fulvia are defeated by Octavian. Fulvia is exiled.
36 BC	Battle of Naulochus	Octavian's fleet, under the command of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa defeats the forces of Sextus Pompey.
36 BC	Battle of Zhizhi	Han forces defeat the Xiongnu and kill their chieftain Zhizhi.
31 BC	Battle of Actium	2 September - Octavian decisively defeats Antony and Cleopatra in a naval battle near Greece
30 BC	Battle of Alexandria	31 July - Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian's forces, but most of his army subsequently deserts, leading to his suicide.
11 BC	Battle of the Lupia River	Roman forces under Augustus's stepson Drusus win a victory in Germany.

1st century

Year	Battle	Description
9	Battle of the Teutoburg Forest	The German leader Arminius destroys the Roman legions of Publius Quinctilius Varus.
15	Battle at Pontes Longi	Inconclusive battle between Rome and Germanic tribes.
16	Battle of the Weser River	Legions under Germanicus defeat German tribes of Arminius.
16	Battle of the Angrivarian Wall	Legions under Germanicus again defeat German tribes under Arminius.
23	Battle of Kunyang	After being sieged for 2 months, 9,000 insurgents under Liu Xiu defeat 450,000 of Wang Mang's troops, ushering in the fall of Wang Mang and restoration of the Han Dynasty.
43	Battle of the Medway	Claudius and general Aulus Plautius defeat a confederation of British Celtic tribes. Roman invasion of Britain begins.
50	Battle of Caer Caradock	The British chieftain Caractacus is defeated and captured by the Romans under Ostorius Scapula.
60-61	Battle of Camulodunum	A British horde led by Boudica crushes most of the IX Legion under Quintus Petillius Cerialis.
61	Battle of Watling Street	The uprising of the British queen Boudica against the Romans is defeated by Suetonius Paullinus.
62	Battle of Rhandeia	Romans under Lucius Caesennius Paetus are defeated by a Parthian-Armenian army under King Tiridates of Parthia.
66	Battle of Beth Horon (66)	Jewish rebels defeat a Roman legion, bringing about one of Rome's most severe defeats against rebels in their history.
67	Siege of Yodfat	Roman forces under Vespasianus and Titus sack Yodfat after 47 days, killing most of its inhabitants and enslaving the rest.
67	Siege of Gamla	City of Gamla besieged by Rome during the First Jewish-Roman War.
69	Battle of Bedriacum	14 April - Vitellius, commander of the Rhine armies, defeats Emperor Otho and seizes the throne.
69	Second Battle of Bedriacum	24 October - Forces under Antonius Primus, the commander of the Danube armies loyal to Vespasian, defeat the forces of Emperor Vitellius.
69	Battle of Locus Castorum	Armies of Emperors Otho and Vitellius clash in northern Italy, ending in victory for Otho's forces.
70	Siege of Jerusalem (70)	Titus lays siege to Jerusalem for 7 months, killing tens of thousands of Jews and destroying the Second Temple of Jerusalem.
71	Battle of Stanwick	Roman forces defeat the Brigantes.
73	Battle of Yiwulu	Part of an expedition against the Xiongnu, ending in Han victory.
84	Battle of Mons Graupius	The Romans under Agricola defeat the Caledonians.
87-88	First Battle of Tapae	Battle between the Roman emperor Domitian and the Kingdom of Dacia.
89	Battle of Ikh Bayan	Part of an expedition against the Xiongnu, decisive Han victory with massive numbers of prisoners taken. Collapse of Xiongnu Empire.

2nd century

Year	Battle	Description
101	Second Battle of Tapae	Trajan defeats Decebalus, ending the Trajan's Dacian Wars.
102	Battle of Adamclisi	Trajan defeats Dacians, Roxolani, & Bastarnae in modern Romania.
103	Battle of Gatae	Trajan defeats Dacians.
106	Battle of Sarmizegetusa	Trajan victorious in the siege of the Dacian capital of Sarmizegetusa.
140	Siege of Burnswark	Romans defeat Selgovae in southern Scotland.
163	Siege of Edessa	Parthians take city of Edessa from Rome.
165	Siege of Edessa	Romans retake city and massacre Parthian garrison.
165	Battle of Ctesiphon	Romans under Avidius Cassius defeat the Parthians, further weakening their Empire.
170	Battle of Carnuntum	Romans under Marcus Aurelius defeated by Marcomanni under Ballomar and their allies the Quadi tribe.
190	Battle of Xingyang	Dong Zhuo emerges victorious against Cao Cao.
191	Battle of Jieqiao	Yuan Shao's infantry repulses a cavalry charge by rival warlord Gongsun Zan.
191	Battle of Yangcheng	Yuan Shao was beaten back by Sun Jian.
191	Battle of Xiangyang	Liu Biao emerges victorious against Sun Jian
192	Battle of Chang'an	Forces led by Li Jue and Guo Si defeat the assassins of Dong Zhuo, Wang Yun and Lü Bu. Wang Yun captured and executed.
193	Battle of Cyzicus	Septimius Severus, the new Emperor, defeats his eastern rival Pescennius Niger in the Year of the Five Emperors.
193	Battle of Nicaea	Severus again defeats Niger.
193	Battle of Fengqiu	Cao Cao emerges victorious against Yuan Shu.
194	Battle of Issus	Severus defeats Niger for the last time.
194	Battle of Yan Province	Cao Cao and Lü Bu battle for control of the region.
197	Battle of Lugdunum	19 February - Emperor Septimius Severus defeats and kills his rival Clodius Albinus, securing full control over the Empire.
197	Battle of Wancheng	Cao Cao flees after Zhang Xiu attacked.
198	Battle of Ctesiphon (198)	Roman forces under Septimius Severus capture the Parthian capital, fatally weakening the Empire, leading to the rise of the Sassanids.
198	Battle of Xiapi	Cao Cao and Liu Bei emerges victorious against Lü Bu.
199	Battle of Yijing	Yuan Shao emerges victorious against Gongsun Zan.

3rd century

Year	Battle	Description
200	Battle of Guandu	Cao Cao defeats Yuan Shao's numerically superior army and secures domination of the North China plain.
202	Battle of Bowang	Liu Bei emerges victorious against Xiahou Dun.
208	Battle of Xiakou	Sun Quan emerges victorious against Huang Zu.
208	Battle of Changban	Cao Cao's cavalry catch Liu Bei's forces, disperse his army, and capture most of his baggage train.
208	Battle of Red Cliffs	War of Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao failed to conquer lands of Sun Quan and Liu Bei.
208	Battle of Yiling	Sun Quan emerges victorious against Cao Cao.
209	Battle of Jiangling	Sun Quan & Liu Bei emerge victorious against Cao Cao.
211	Battle of Tong Pass	Cao Cao emerges victorious against Ma Chao.
213	Siege of Jicheng	Ma Chao emerges victorious against Cao Cao.
213	Battle of Lucheng	Yang Fu emerges victorious against Ma Chao.
215	Battle of Yangping	Cao Cao emerges victorious against Zhang Lu.
215	Battle of Baxi	Zhang Fei emerges victorious against Zhang He.
217	Battle of Nisbis	Parthian troops under Artabanus IV battle the new Roman Emperor Macrinus in southern Turkey, ending in a draw.
217	Battle of Ruxu	Sun Quan emerges victorious against Cao Cao.
218	Battle of Antioch (218)	Varius Avitus defeats Emperor Macrinus to claim the throne under the name Elagabalus.
219	Battle of Mount Dingjun	Liu Bei emerges victorious against Cao Cao.
219	Battle of Han River	Liu Bei emerges victorious against Cao Cao.
219	Battle of Fancheng	Cao Ren emerges victorious against Guan Yu.
222	Battle of Xiaoting	Liu Bei's invasion of Wu is repulsed by Sun Quan's commander Lu Xun.
224	Battle of Hormizdegan	Sassanid forces defeat the Parthians, killing King Artabanus IV and ending Parthian rule in the Middle East.
228	Xincheng Rebellion	Sima Yi emerges victorious against Meng Da.
228	Battle of Tianshui	Shu emerges victorious against Wei.
228	Battle of Jieting	Part of the First Northern Expedition.
228	Battle of Shiting	Wu emerges victorious against Wei.
229	Siege of Chencang	Wei emerges victorious against Shu.
231	Battle of Mount Qi	Shu victory against Wei, but strategic defeat.
234	Battle of Wuzhang Plains	Part of the Fifth Northern Expedition, Zhuge Liang dies.
235	Siege of Nisbis	Sassanids capture city.
238	Battle of Carthage	Troops loyal to the Roman Emperor Maximinus Thrax defeat and kill the usurper Gordian II.
238	Siege of Aquileia	Senate has Maximinus Thrax killed and defeats his supporters.
240-241	Fall of Hatra	Sassanids take city and annex the Kingdom of Araba.
243	Battle of Resaena	Roman forces under Gordian III defeat the Persians under Shapur I. Gordian is murdered before he can exploit his victory.
244	Battle of Misiche	The Sassanids defeat Roman forces under Gordian III, who is subsequently killed.
244	Battle of Xingshi	Shu emerges victorious against Wei.
249	Battle of Verona	The usurper Decius defeats the army of the Emperor Philip the Arab and kills him in battle.
250	Battle of Philippopolis	King Cuiva of the Goths defeats a Roman army.
250	Battle of Nicopolis ad Istrum	Rome defeats Goths.
251	Battle of Abrittus	The Goths defeat and kill the Roman Emperor Trajan Decius.
252	Siege of Nisbis	Sassanids capture city.
253	Battle of Barbalissos	Sassanid forces under Shapur I defeat the Romans under Valerian, leading to their capture of Antioch.
253	Siege of Antioch	Sassanids take city from Romans.
255	Battle of Didao	Wei emerges victorious against Shu.
256	Siege of Dura-Europos	Sassanids defeat Romans in Syria.
259	Battle of Edessa	King Shapur I of Persia defeats and captures the Roman Emperor Valerian.
259	Battle of Mediolanum	Emperor Gallienus defeats the Alamanni after their invasion of northern Italy, leading to the Romans retreating behind the Rhine.
260	Siege of Caeserea Cappadocia	King Shapur I of Persia takes city from Romans.
263	Battle of Ctesiphon	Sassanids under King Shapur repel siege by Palmyra under Odaenathus.
267	Battle of Thermopylae (267)	Roman forces unsuccessfully try to defend against the Heruli invasion of the Balkans.
267	Sack of Athens	Heruli ravage the Greek city and leave permanent damage to its monuments.
268	Battle of Lake Benacus	The Romans under Claudius II defeat the Alamanni.
269	Battle of Naissus	Claudius II decisively defeats the Goths, earning the surname Gothicus.
269	Siege of Augustodunum Haeduorum	Victorinus claims the throne and defeats the forces of Emperor Claudius Gothicus.
271	Battle of Placentia	The Emperor Aurelian is defeated by the Alemanni forces invading Italy.
271	Battle of Fano	Aurelian defeats the Alemanni, who begin to retreat from Italy.
271	Battle of Pavia	Aurelian destroys the retreating Alemanni army.
272	Battle of Immae	Aurelian defeats the army of Zenobia of Palmyra.
272	Battle of Emesa	Aurelian decisively defeats Zenobia.
274	Battle of Châlons	Aurelian defeats the Gallic usurper Tetricus, reestablishing central control of the whole empire.
285	Battle of the Margus	The usurper Diocletian defeats the army of the Emperor Carinus, who is killed.
296	Battle of Carrhae	The Romans under the Caesar Galerius are defeated by the Persians under Narseh.
298	Battle of Satala	The Romans under the Caesar Galerius rout the Persians under Narseh.
298	Battle of Lingones	The Caesar Constantius Chlorus defeats the Alemanni.
298	Battle of Vindonissa	Constantius again defeats the Alemanni.

References

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List of battles before 301

Before 500 BC

5th century BC

4th century BC

3rd century BC

2nd century BC

1st century BC

1st century

2nd century

3rd century

See also

References