Battle of Carrhae (296)

The Battle of Carrhae or the Battle of Callinicum took place in 296 or 297,[1] after the invasion of Mesopotamia and Armenia by the Sasanian king Narseh. The battle took place between Carrhae (Harran) and Callinicum (al-Raqqah) and was a victory for the Sasanians. Narseh attacked with forces recruited from the Euphrates frontier. He managed to defeat his opponent by good timing.[5]

Battle of Carrhae (296)
Part of the Roman–Persian Wars
Date296 or 297 CE[1]
Location
Between Carrhae (Harran) and Callinicum (al-Raqqah)
Result Decisive Sasanian victory[2][3]
Belligerents
Sassanid Empire Roman Empire
Commanders and leaders
Narseh Galerius
Tiridates III of Armenia[4]
Casualties and losses
Unknown Heavy

Galerius and Tiridates III of Armenia escaped with a remnant of their forces. Galerius met Diolectan in Antioch.[6] Eutropius and Theophanes have recorded versions of a celebrated story regarding a public humiliation of Galerius by Diolectan,[7] though the latter retained Galerius in command.[8]

Diolectan later sent reinforcements for Galerius, and the latter managed to defeat the Sassanids two years later at the Battle of Satala (298).

References
  1. Frye (1993), 130; Southern (2001), 242
  2. Dictionary of Wars "The Roman Caesar for the east, Galerius (d. 311), and a relatively small army marched against the Persians, won some minor victories in Mesopotamia, but were decisively routed at the battle of Carrhea (Harran) in 296."
  3. The Cambridge Ancient History: Volume 12, The Crisis of Empire, AD 193-337"Since Diocletian was occupied in Egypt, he sent his Caesar Galerius against Narseh who met the Romans and defeated them somewhere in upper Mesopotamia"
  4. Gray, Hamilton (1850). Emperors of Rome from Augustus to Constantine: Being a Continuation of the History of Rome. Thomas Hatchard. p. 507.
  5. Lacey, Jim; Lacey, James (2016). Great Strategic Rivalries: From the Classical World to the Cold War. Oxford University Press. p. 133. ISBN 978-0-19-062046-2.
  6. Dupuy, Richard Ernest (1993). The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present. HarperCollins. p. 175a. ISBN 978-0-06-270056-8.
  7. Edwards, Iorwerth Eiddon Stephen; Gadd, Cyril John; Hammond, Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière; Boardman, John; Walbank, Frank William; Lewis, David Malcolm; Bowman, Alan; Astin, A. E.; Garnsey, Peter; Crook, John Anthony; Lintott, Andrew William; Cameron, Averil; Rawson, Elizabeth; Champlin, Edward; Rathbone, Dominic; Ward-Perkins, Bryan; Whitby, Michael (1970). The Cambridge Ancient History: Volume 12, The Crisis of Empire, AD 193-337. Cambridge University Press. p. 81. ISBN 978-0-521-30199-2.
  8. Tucker, Spencer C. (2009). A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East [6 volumes]: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East. ABC-CLIO. p. 153b. ISBN 978-1-85109-672-5.


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