List of Latin words with English derivatives

This is a list of Latin words with derivatives in English (and other modern languages).

Ancient orthography did not distinguish between i and j or between u and v.[1] Many modern works distinguish u from v but not i from j. In this article, both distinctions are shown as they are helpful when tracing the origin of English words. See also Latin spelling and pronunciation.

Nouns and adjectives

The citation form for nouns (the form normally shown in Latin dictionaries) is the Latin nominative singular, but that typically does not exhibit the root form from which English nouns are generally derived.

Latin nouns and adjectives
A–M
Citation form	Declining stem	Meaning	English derivatives
abdomen	abdomin-	belly	abdomen, abdominal, abdominous, intra-abdominal
accipiter	accipitr-	hawk	Accipiter, accipitrine
acer	acer-	maple	aceric
ācer	ācr-	sharp	acrid, acridine, acridity, acrimonious, acrimony, acritude, acrity, acrolein, eager, vinegar
acerbus • acerbior • acerbissimus	acerb-	bitter	acerbic, acerbity, exacerbate, exacerbation
acervus	acerv-	heap	acerval, acervate, acervation, acervative, acervose, Acervulinacea, acervuline, acervulus, coacervate, coacervation
†acervulus	acervul-	heap
acētum	acēt-	vinegar	acetabuliform, acetabulum, acetate, acetic, acetone, aceturic, triacetate
acinus	acin-	berry	acinaceous, acinar, acinarious, aciniform, acinose, acinous, acinus, interacinous
acus	acer-	chaff	acerose
acus	acū-	needle	acicular, acuity, aculeate, aculeolate, aculeus, acumen, acuminate, acupuncture, acusector, acutance, acute, acutifoliate, acutilingual, acutilobate, aiguille, cute, eglantine, nonacuity, peracute, subacute
†acicula	acicul-
†acula	acul-
adeps	adip-	fat	adipocere, adipose
aedes, aedis	aed-	building	aedicule, aedile, cavaedium, edification, edifice, edile
†aedicula	aedicul-	building	aedicule, aedile, cavaedium, edification, edifice, edile
aemulus	aemul-, im-		emulate, emulation, emulator, emulous, image, imagerial, imagery, imagination, imaginative, imagine, imitable, imitate, imitation, inimitable, preimage, subimago
aequus	aequ-, -iqu-	even, level	adequacy, adequality, adequate, disequilibrium, equable, equal, equality, equanimity, equant, equation, equational, equative, equator, equatorial, equilibrium, equitable, equity, equivalence, equivalent, inadequacy, inadequate, inequality, iniquitous, iniquity
aes	aer-	ore	aeneator, aeneous, aeruginous, aerugite, aerugo, aim, disesteem, eruginous, esteem, estimable, estimate, inestimable
aestas	aest-	summer	aestival, aestivate, aestivation, estivate, estivator
aestus	aestu-		estuarial, estuarine, estuary
aetās	aet-	age	coetaneity, coetaneous
aevum	aev-	age, eon	age, coeternal, coeval, coevality, eternal, eterne, eviternal, grandevity, grandevous, longevity, longevous, mediaeval, nonage, premediaeval, primaeval, primeval
ager	agr-, -egr-	field	agrarian, agrestal, agricultural, agriculture, nonagrarian, nonagricultural, peragration, peregrine, peregrinus, pilgrim, pilgrimage
†agrellus	agrell-	field
āla [note 1]	āl-	wing	aileron, aisle, alar, alate, aliferous, aliform, aligerous
alacer • alacrior	alacr-	quick	alacritous, alacrity, allegresse, allegretto, allegro
albus • albior • albissimus	alb-	dull white	alb, alba, albarium, albedo, albino, albite, album, albumen, albumin, aubade
alga	alg-	seaweed	algae, algal, algicidal, algicide
alius	ali-	other	abalienate, alias, alibi, alien, alienability, alienable, alienate, alienation, aliquot, inalienability, inalienable, nonalien
allium, ālium	alli-	garlic	Allium
alter	alter-	other	adulterant, adulterate, adulteration, adulterine, adulterous, adultery, alter, alter ego, alterability, alterable, alterant, alteration, alterative, inalterable
alternus	altern-		altern, alternant, alternate, alternation, alternative, alternator, bialternant
alumnus	alumn-	alumnus	alumni
alveus	alve-		alveolar, alveolate, alveolus, interalveolar, postalveolar
†alveolus	alveol-		alveolar, alveolate, alveolus, interalveolar, postalveolar
amārus	amar-	bitter	amarelle, amaretti, amaretto, amarine, amaritude, amaro
ambō	amb-	both	ambient, ambiguous
amoenus	amoen-		amenity
amplus • amplior • amplissimus	ampl-	ample	ample, ampliate, ampliation, amplification, amplitude
anas	anat-	duck	Anas, anatine
ancūla	ancūl-		ancillary
†ancilla	ancill-		ancillary
anguis	angu-	snake	Anguidae, anguiform, Anguilla, anguilliform, anguine, anguineous
anguiculus	anguicul-
†anguilla	anguill-
angulus	angul-	corner	angular, angularity, angulose, biangular, biangulate, equiangular, equiangularity, multangular, multiangular, nonrectangular, octangle, octangular, quadrangle, quadrangular, quinquangular, rectangle, rectangular, semiangle, semiangular, septangle, septangular, sexangle, sexangular, triangle, triangular, triangularity, triangulation
†angellus	angell-	corner
anima	anim-	breath, life, soul	anima, animal, animalcule, animate, animation, animato, animator, exanimate, inanimate, reanimate
animus	anim-	mind, anger	animadversion, animose, animosity, animus, equanimity, equanimous, multanimous, nonunanimous, pusillanimity, pusillanimous, unanimity, unanimous
annus	ann-, -enn-	year	annals, annates, anniversary, annotinous, annual, annuity, biannual, bicentennial, biennial, biennium, bimillennial, centennial, decennial, millennial, millennium, octennial, per annum, perennate, perennial, quadrennial, quadrennium, quinquennial, quinquennium, semiannual, septennial, sexennial, superannuate, superannuation, triennial, triennium
ānser	ānser-	goose	Anser, anserine
†anserculus	ansercul-	gosling	Anser, anserine
antenna	antenn-		antenna, antennal, antennule
ānus	an-	ring	anal, annelid, Annelida, annular, annulate, annulation, annulus, anus, biannulate, circumanal, exannulate, penannular, semiannular, subanal
†ānulus	anul-
†ānellus	anell-
apis	ap-	bee	apian, apiarian, apiary, apiculture
aqua	aqu-	water	acquacotta, akvavit, aqua vitae, aquaculture, aquamanile, aquamarine, aquarelle, aquarial, aquarium, Aquarius, aquatic, aquatile, aqueduct, aqueous, aquifer, aquiferous, aquiform, ewer, gouache, semiaquatic, sewage, sewer, sewerage
†aquula	aquul-	water
aquila	aquil-	eagle	Aquila, aquiline, aquilinity
arbiter [note 2]	arbitr-	–	arbiter, arbitrable, arbitrage, arbitrageur, arbitral, arbitrament, arbitrarious, arbitrary, arbitrate, arbitration, arbitrator, arbitratrix, arbitress, nonarbitrary
arbor, arbōs	arbor-	tree	arboraceous, arboreal, arboreality, arboreous, arborescence, arborescent, arboretum, arboricide, arboriculture, arborous, arborvitae, arbuscle, arbuscular
†arbuscula	arbuscul-	tree
arca	arc-		arcane
†arcula	arcul-		arcane
arcus	arc-	bow	arc, arciform, arco, arcuate
arduus	ardu-	steep	arduous
argentum	argent-	silver	argent, argentate, argenteous, argentiferous, Argentina, argentite
arma	arm-	arms (weapons)	alarm, ambry, armada, armadillo, armament, armamentarium, armarium, armature, armiferous, armiger, armigerous, armipotent, armistice, armor, armorial, armory, army, disarm, disarmament, gendarme, gendarmerie, nonarmigerous, rearm, rearmament
armus	arm-	shoulder	armill, armillary, armillifer
†armilla	armill-	shoulder	armill, armillary, armillifer
ars	art- -ert-	art, skill	artifact, artifice, artificial, artificiality, artisan, artisanal, artisanality, inartificial, inert, inertia, inertial, noninert, noninertial
artus	art-	tight	arctation, coarct, coarctate, coarctation
artūs	art-	joint	article, articulable, articulacy, articular, articulate, articulation, articulative, articulator, articulatory, biarticular, biarticulate, coarticulation, disarticulation, inarticulable, inarticulacy, inarticulate, interarticular, intra-articular, multiarticular, multiarticulate, quinquarticular, subarticle, triarticulate
†articulus	articul-	joint
arvus	arv-	plowed	arval
as	ass- -uss-		ace, decussate, decussation, semis, tremissis
asinus	asin-	donkey	Aselli, asinine, Asinus, easel
†asellus	asell-	donkey	Aselli, asinine, Asinus, easel
asper	asper-	rough	asperate, asperatus, asperity, exasperate, exasperation
astus	ast-		astute
audāx • audācior • audācissimus	audāc-	brave, bold	audacious, audacity
auris	aur-	ear	aural, auricle, auricular, auriculate, auriform, auscultation, biauricular, biauriculate, binaural, circumaural, interauricular, scout
†auricula	auricul-	ear
aurum	aur-	gold	aurate, aureate, aureole, auriferous, aurification, aurous, dory, inaurate, inauration, oriole, orpiment
avēna	avēn-	oat	Avena, avenaceous, avenary, avener
avis	avi-	bird	aucupation, augur, auspex, auspicate, auspice, auspicious, Aves, avian, aviary, aviation, aviator, aviatrix, avicide, Avicula, aviculture, avifauna
†aucella	aucell-
†avicula	avicul-
avunculus	avuncul-	uncle, mother's brother	avuncular, avunculate, avunculicide, avunculocal, uncle
axis	axi-	axle	abaxial, adaxial, axial, axiality, axifugal, axile, biaxial, biaxiality, coaxial, interaxial, multiaxial, semiaxis, triaxial, triaxiality, uniaxial
baca	bac-	berry	baccalaureate, baccate, bacciferous, bacciform, baccivorous, bagasse, bagatelle
†bacula	bacul-	berry
baculum	bacul-	staff	bacillary, bacilliform, bacillus, baculiform, baculine, baguette, debacle, imbecile, imbecility
†bacillum	bacill-	staff
bāiulus, bājulus	bāiul-	carrier	bail, bailee, bailie, bailiff, bailiwick, bailliage, baillie, bailment, bailor
barba	barb-	beard	barb, barbate, barbel, barbellate, barber, barbet, barbicel, barbine, barbule, rebarbative
†barbula	barbul-	beard
bassus	bass-	low	abase, abasement, bas-relief, base, basset, basso, bassoon, bassus, debase, debasement
beatus	beat-	blessed	beatification, Beatitudes
bellum	bell-	war	antebellum, bellic, bellicose, bellicosity, belligerence, belligerent, debellatio, imbellic, rebel, rebellion, revel, revelment, revelry
bellus	bell-	pretty	beautiful, beauty, embellish, embellishment
bene	ben-	well	benediction, benedictional, benedictory, benefaction, benefactive, benefactor, benefactrix, benefic, benefice, beneficence, beneficent, benefit, benign, benignity
bestia	besti-	animal	beast, bestial, bestiary
bini	bin-	two each	binary, binate, combination, combinatorial, combine, recombinant
bonus • melior • optimus	bon- • melior- • optim-	good • better • best	bonbon, bonify, bonitary, bonus, boon, debonair • ameliorate, amelioration, meliority • optimal, optimate, optimum, suboptimal
bōs	bov-	cow, ox	bovine, bovinic acid
botulus	botul-	sausage	botulin, boudin
†botellus	botell-	sausage	botulin, boudin
bracchium	brac-	arm, support	embrace, braces, bracelet
brevis	brev-	brief, short	abbreviate, abbreviation, breve, brevet, breviary, brevity, brief, debrief
bucca	bucc-	cheek, mouth, cavity	buccal, buccinator muscle, buckle, debouch, debuccalization
†buccula	buccul-	cheek, mouth, cavity	buccal, buccinator muscle, buckle, debouch, debuccalization
bulbus	bulb-	bulbous	bulb, bulbar, bulbose, bulbous, bulbule
†bulbulus	bulbul-	bulbous	bulb, bulbar, bulbose, bulbous, bulbule
bulla	bull-	bubble, flask	bill, billet, boil, boilery, bola, bolillo, bouillon, bowl, bull, bulla, bullion, ebullience, ebullient, ebullition, garboil
bursa	burs-	pouch, purse	bolson, bourse, bursa, bursar, bursary, disbursal, disburse, disbursement, imburse, reimburse, reimbursement
caballus	caball-	horse	caballero, cavalcade, cavalero, cavalier, cavalry, chevalier, chivalrous, chivalry
calvus	calv-	bald	calvarium, Calvary, Calvin, calvities, calvity, calvous
calx	calc- -culc-	heel	calcaneal, calcaneum, calcaneus, calque, calzone, caulk, inculcate, inculcation, recalcitrance, recalcitrant, retrocalcaneal
calx	calc-	limestone, pebble	calcareous, calciferous, calcific, calcification, calciform, calcite, calcium, calculability, calculable, calculate, calculation, calculator, calculus, caliche, chalk, decalcification, incalculable, precalculate, recalcification, recalculate
†calculus	calcul-	limestone, pebble
camera	camer-	vault	antechamber, bicameral, cabaret, camaraderie, camber, camera, chamber, chamberlain, comrade, concamerate, concameration, multicamera, multicameral, tricameral, unicameral
camisia	camisi-	shirt	camisade, camisado, Camisard, camisole, chemise
campus	camp-	field	camp, campaign, campesino, campestral, campo, campsite, campus, champart, champarty, champertous, champerty, champignon, champion, decamp, decampment, encamp, encampment
cancer	cancr-	crab	cancer, cancerate, cancerous, cancriform, cancrine, canker, precancerous
candēla	candēl-	candle	candela, candelabra, candelabrum, chandelier, chandler, chandlery
canis	can-	dog	canaille, canary, canicular, canicule, canid, canine, Canis, Canis Major, postcanine
cānus	cān-	gray, grey	canescence, canescent
capanna	capann-		cabana, cabin, cabinetry
caper, capra	capr-	goat	cabriole, cabriolet, caper, capreolate, capric, Capricorn, caprid, caprifig, capriform, caprigenous, caprine, capriole
†capellus	capell-
†capreolus, capreola	capreol-
capillus	capill-	hair	capellini, capillaceous, capillarity, capillary, capilliform, capillose, dishevel, dishevelment, precapillary
capsa	caps-	box, case	caisson, cajón, capsicum, capsular, capsule, case, cashier, cassette, cassone, chassis, encapsulant, encapsulate, encapsulation, encase, encasement, incase, incasement, intracapsular, subcapsular
†capsella	capsell-
†capsula	capsul-
caput	capit-, -cipit-	head	achievable, achieve, achievement, ancipital, ancipitous, biceps, bicipital, cabotage, cad, caddie, cadet, cape, cap, capital, capitular, capitulary, capitulate, capitulation, capitule, capitulum, capo, capodecina, caporegime, captain, captaincy, cattle, caudillo, centicipitous, chapter, chaptrel, chattel, chef, chief, chieftain, co-captain, co-captaincy, decapitate, decapitation, occipital, occiput, per capita, precipice, precipitando, precipitation, precipitous, quadriceps, quadricipital, recapitulate, sincipital, sinciput, sous-chef, subcaptain, tri-captain, triceps, tricipital, unicipital, vice-captain, vice-captaincy
†capitellum	capitell-
†capitulum	capitul-
carbo	carbon-	coal	bicarbonate, carbon, carbonate, carbonation, Carboniferous, carbuncle, radiocarbon
carcer, cancer	carcer-	jail	cancel, cancellable, cancellate, cancellation, cancellous, cancellus, chancel, chancellery, chancellor, chancery, incarcerate, incarceration, subchancel
†cancelli	cancell-	jail
cardo	cardin-	hinge	cardinal, cardinality, kern
carduus	cardu-	thistle	card
cariēs	cari-	decay	cariosity, carious
carīna	carīn-	keel	careen
caro	carn-	flesh	carnage, carnal, carnary, carnate, carnation, carneous, carnival, carnivore, carnose, carnosity, carrion, caruncle, carunculate, charcuterie, charnel, discarnate, incarnadine, incarnate, incarnation, reincarnate, reincarnation
carrus, carrum	carr-	wheeled vehicle	car, career, cargo, caricature, carriage, carry, charge, chargé, chargée, chariot, charioteer, charrette, countercharge, discharge, dischargee, encharge, multicar, recharge, surcharge
cartilago	cartilagin-	cartilage	cartilage, cartilaginous, noncartilaginous, precartilage
cārus • cārior • cārissimus	cār-	dear	caress, caressive, charitable, charity, cherish, cherishable, noncharitable
casa	cas-	house	casino
cāseus	cāse-	cheese	caseic, casein, caseous, cheese, quesadilla
castrum	castr-	fort	-caster, castellan, castellation, castle, chateau, chatelain, Chester
†castellum	castell-	fort
castus • castior • castissimus	cast-, -cest-	pure	caste, castigate, castigation, castigator, chaste, chasten, chastenment, chastity, incest, incestuous
catēna	catēn-	chain	catenary, catenate, catenation, catenative, catenulate, chain, concatenate, concatenation, enchain, enchaînement, nonconcatenative
†catēnula	catēnul-	chain
cauda	caud-, cod-	tail	cauda, caudal, caudate, caudicle, coda, codetta, curvicaudate, dequeue, enqueue, queue
†caudicula	caudicul-	tail
caulis	caul-, col-	stalk, stem	caulescent, caulicle, cauliflorous, cauliflory, cauliform, cauline, choux
†cauliculus	caulicul-	stalk, stem
causa	caus-, -cus-	motive, accusation	accusal, accusation, accusative, accusativity, accusatory, accuse, causality, causation, causative, causativity, excusable, excuse, inexcusable, irrecusable, recusal, recusancy, recusant, recuse, ruse, rush
cavus	cav-	hollow	biconcave, biconcavity, cage, cajole, cajolement, caval, cavate, cavatina, cave, cavea, cavern, cavernicolous, cavernous, cavernulous, cavicorn, cavitation, cavity, concave, concavity, encage, excavate, excavation, excavator, quasiconcave, quasiconcavity
celeber	celebr-	famous	celebrant, celebrate, celebration, celebratory, celebrity, concelebration
celer • celerior • celerrimus	celer-	quick, swift	accelerando, accelerant, accelerate, acceleration, accelerator, celerity, decelerando, decelerate, deceleration, decelerator
centeni	centen-	hundred each	bicentenary, centenarian, centenary, centenionalis, supercentenarian, ultracentenarian
centesimus	centesim-	hundredth	centavo, centesimal, centesimation, centime, céntimo
centum	cent-	hundred	cent, centennial, centifidous, centillion, centurial, centurion, century, semicentennial, sesquicentennial, tricentennial
cera	cer-	wax	ceraceous, cereous, ceresin, inceration
cerebrum	cerebr-	brain	cerebellar, cerebellum, cerebral, cerebrifugal, cerebripetal, intracerebral
†cerebellum	cerebell-	brain
certus	cert-	certain	ascertain, ascertainable, certificate, certification, certiorari, certitude, decertification, incertitude, recertification
cervīx	cervīc-	neck	cervical, cervix, intracervical
cervus	cerv-	deer	cervid, Cervidae, cervine
ceterus	ceter-	other	et cetera
cibus	cib-	food	cibarious, cibarium, cibation
cicātrīx	cicātrīc-	scar	cicatrice
cilium	cili-	eyelash	cilia, ciliary, ciliate, ciliation, supercilious
cinis	ciner-	ashes	cinder, cinerarium, cinerary, cinereous, cinerin, incinerate, incineration, incinerator
cippus	cipp-	stake	cep
circus	circ-	circle	bicircular, circa, circinate, circular, circularity, circulate, circulation, circulator, circulatory, circumcircle, circus, cirque, encircle, encirclement, multicircular, noncircular, quasicircle, recirculate, recirculation, recirculator, research, ricercar, search, searchable, semicircle, semicircular, tricircular
†circulus	circul-
†circellus	circell-
cirrus	cirr-	curl, tentacle	cirrate, cirriform, cirriped, cirrose, cirrous, cirrus
citer • citerior • citimus	citr- • citerior- • citim-	on this side • •	• citerior •
cīvis	cīv-	citizen	citadel, city, civil, civilian, civility, incivil, incivility, intercity
clārus • clārior • clārissimus	clār-	clear	chiaroscuro, clairaudience, claircognizance, Claire, clairgustance, clairolfactus, clairsentience, clairvoyance, clairvoyant, Clara, clarain, claret, clarificant, clarification, clarify, clarinet, clarion, Clarissa, claritude, clarity, clear, clearage, clearance, cleartext, declarable, declaration, declarative, declaratory, declare, éclair, glair, glaireous, redeclare
clavis	clav-	key	claves, clavicle, clavier, enclave, exclave
†clāvicula	clāvicul-	key	claves, clavicle, clavier, enclave, exclave
clemens	clement-	mild	clemency, clement, inclemency, inclement
codex	codic-		code, codex, codical, codicil
†codicillus	codicill-		code, codex, codical, codicil
collis	coll-	hill	colliculus
†colliculus	collicul-	hill	colliculus
collum	coll-	neck	collar
color	color-	color	bicolor, Colorado, coloration, coloratura, concolorous, decolor, discolor, discoloration, multicolor, tricolor, unicolor, versicolor
cōlum	cōl-	strainer	colander, coulee, coulis, coulisse, couloir, cullender, cullis, percolate, percolation, percolator, piña colada, portcullis
columba	columb-	dove	columbarium, columbary, Columbella, columbine
cor	cord-	heart	accord, accordance, accordant, accordatura, concord, concordance, concordant, concordat, corcle, cordate, cordial, cordiality, cordiform, core, courage, courageous, discord, discordance, discordant, discourage, discouragement, encourage, encouragement, nonaccordant, obcordate, record, scordatura
†corcillum	corcill-
†corculum	corcul-
corbis	corb-	basket	corb, corf
corium	cori-	skin, hide	coriaceous, excoriate
cornū	corn-	horn	bicorn, bicorne, Capricorn, cornea, corneal, corneous, corner, cornicle, corniculate, corniferous, cornification, corniform, cornucopia, quadricorn, quadricornous, tricorn, tricorne, tricornigerous, tricornute, unicorn, unicornous
†corniculum	cornicul-	horn
cornus	corn-	dogwood	cornaceous, cornel, Cornus
†cornicula	cornicul-	dogwood	cornaceous, cornel, Cornus
corona	coron-	crown	corolla, corollaceous, corollarial, corollary, corona, coronamen, coronary, coronate, coronation, coronavirus, coroner, coronet, coroniform, Coronilla, crown, incoronate
†corolla	coroll-	crown
corpus	corpor-	body	accorporate, bicorporal, concorporate, concorporation, corporal, corporality, corporate, corporation, corporative, corporature, corporeal, corporeality, corporeity, corps, corpse, corpulence, corpulent, corpus, corpuscle, corpuscular, disincorporate, disincorporation, extracorporeal, incorporal, incorporality, incorporate, incorporation, incorporeal, incorporeality, incorporeity, tricorporal
†corpusculum	corpuscul-	body
cortex	cortic-	bark, rind	cortical, corticate, corticiform, corticifugal, corticipetal, decorticate, decortication, decorticator
coruscus	corusc-	vibrate	coruscant, coruscate, coruscation
corvus	corv-	raven	corbel, cormorant, corvine
†corvellus	corvell-	raven	corbel, cormorant, corvine
costa	cost-	rib	accost, bicostate, coast, coastal, costa, costal, costate, curvicostate, entrecôte, infracostal, intercostal, intracoastal, multicostate, quadricostate, supracostal, tricostate, unicostate
cotoneum	cotōne-	quince	cotoneaster
coxa	cox-	hip	coxal
crapula	crapul-	inebriation	crapulence, crapulent
cras	cras-	tomorrow	crastination, procrastinate, procrastination, procrastinator
crassus	crass-	thick	crass, crassitude, crassulaceous
crātis	crāt-		crate, grate, graticulation, graticule, griddle, grill, grillade, grillage, grille
†craticula	craticul-
crēna	crēn-	notch	bicrenate, crena, crenate, crenation, crenature, crenulate, crenulation
†crēnula	crēnul-	notch
creta	cret-	chalk	cretaceous
cribrum	cribr-	sieve	cribble, cribellum, cribrate, cribriform, garble
†cribellum	cribell-	sieve	cribble, cribellum, cribrate, cribriform, garble
crimen [note 3]	crimin-	judgment, offense	criminal, criminality, criminate, incriminate, recriminate, recrimination
crīnis	crīn-	hair	crinel, crinigerous, crinite, crinoline, crinose, crinosity
crispus	crisp-	curled	crape, crepe, crêpe, crisp, crispate, crispation
crista	crist-	crest	crease, crest, cristate
crus	crur-	leg, shank	bicrural, crural, crus, equicrural
crusta	crust-	rind, shell, crust	crostata, croustade, croûte, crouton, crust, crustacean, crustaceous, crustal, crustation, crustific, crustose, custard, duricrust, encrust, encrustation, incrust, incrustation
crux	cruc-	cross	crucial, cruciate, crucifer, cruciferous, crucifix, crucifixion, cruciform, crucify, crucigerous, crusade, cruzeiro, discruciate, excruciate
cucullus	cucull-	hood	cowl, cucullate
cuculus	cucul-	cuckoo	cuculiform
cucurbita	cucurbit-	gourd	cucurbit, Cucurbita, cucurbitaceous
culcita	culcit-	mattress	quilt
culex	culic-	gnat	Culex, culiciform, culicifuge, culicine, Culicivora
culina	culin-	kitchen	culinarian, culinary, kiln
culpa	culp-	blame, fault	culpability, culpable, culprit, exculpate, exculpatory, inculpable, inculpate, inculpatory, mea culpa
culter	cultr-	knife	colter, coulter, cultellus, cutlass, cutler, cutlery
†cultellus	cultell-	knife	colter, coulter, cultellus, cutlass, cutler, cutlery
cūlus	cul-	buttocks	culet, culottes, recoil
cumulus	cumul-	heap	accumulate, accumulation, accumulator, cumulate, cumulative, cumulativity, cumuliform, cumulose, cumulous, cumulus
cūnae	cūn-	cradle	cunabula, incunable, incunabula, incunabular, incunabulum
cuneus	cune-	wedge	coign/coigne, coin, cuneate, cuneiform, cuneus, encoignure, obcuneate, precuneus, quoin, sconcheon/scuncheon
cūpa	cūp-	tub, goblet, cask	cooper, cooperage, cup, cupel, cupellation, cupola, cupule
†cūpella	cūpell-
†cūpula	cūpul-
cura	cur-	care	accuracy, accurate, assecure, assurance, assure, curable, curate, curative, curator, cure, curettage, curette, curio, curiosity, curious, ensure, inaccurate, incurable, insecure, insecurity, insurability, insurable, insurance, insure, pococurante, proctor, proctorage, procurable, procuracy, procuration, procurator, procure, procurement, proxy, reassurance, reassure, reinsurance, reinsure, scour, scourage, secure, security, sinecural, sinecure, sure, surety
currus	curr-	chariot	corral, curule
curtus	curt-	shortened	curt, curtail, curtate, decurt
curvus	curv-	bent	curb, curvate, curvation, curvature, curve, curviform, curvilinear, curvity, incurvate, incurvature, incurve, recurvate, recurve, recurvous
cuspis	cuspid-	tip	bicuspid, bicuspidate, cusp, quadricuspid, tricuspid
custos	custod-	guardian	custodial, custodian, custody, noncustodial
cutis	cut-	hide, skin	cutaneous, cuticle, cuticolor, cuticular, cutin, cutis, cutisector, subcutaneous
†cuticula	cuticul-	hide, skin
damnum	damn- -demn-	harm	condemn, condemnation, damage, damnation, damnific, damnify, indemnification, indemnify, indemnity
decem	decem-	ten	dean, deanery, decan, decanal, December, decemfid, decempedal, decemvirate, decemviri, decennary, decennial, decennium, decuple, decurion, decurionate, decury, dicker, doyen, doyenne
decimus	decim-	tenth	decimal, decimate, decimation, dime
decus	decor-		decor, décor, decorament, decorate, decoration, decorative, decorator, decorous, decorum, redecorate
deni	den-	ten each	denar, denarian, denarius, denary, denier, dinar, dinero, dinheiro
dens	dent-	tooth	bident, bidental, dental, dentate, denticity, denticle, denticulate, dentiferous, dentiform, dentifrice, dentil, dentin, dentinal, dentition, denture, indent, indentation, indenture, interdental, intradental, multidentate, quadridentate, trident, tridentate
†denticulus	denticul-	tooth
densus	dens-	thick	condensable, condensate, condensation, condense, dense, density, nondense
deter • dēterior • dēterrimus	deter- • deterior- • deterrim-	• worse • worst	• deterior, deteriorate, deterioration •
deus	de-	god	deicidal, deicide, deific, deification, deiform, deity
dexter • dexterior • dextimus	dextr- • dexterior- • dextim-	right	ambidextrous, dexterity, dexterous, dextral, dextrality, dextrin, dextrorse, dextrose • •
diēs	diē-	day	adjourn, adjournment, aggiornamento, antemeridian, circadian, dial, diary, diurnal, diurnality, infradian, jornada, journal, journey, meridian, meridional, nundinal, per diem, postmeridian, quotidian, semidiurnal, sojourn, transmeridional, triduan, triduum, ultradian
digitus	digit-	finger, toe	bidigitate, digit, digital, digitate, digitiform, digitigrade, multidigit, multidigitate
dignus	dign-	worthy	condign, deign, dignify, dignitarial, dignitary, dignity, disdain, indign, indignance, indignant, indignation, indignity
dirus	dir-	fearful	dire
discipulus	discipul-	student	disciple, disciplinarian, disciplinary, discipline, interdisciplinarity, interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary, transdisciplinarity
divus	div-	god	divination, divinatory, divine, divinity
dominus	domin-	lord	beldam/beldame, codomain, codominance, codominant, condominium, dam, dame, damsel, demesne, demoiselle, domain, dominance, dominant, dominate, domination, dominative, dominator, dominatrix, domine, domineer, dominicide, dominion, dominium, domino, duenna, madam, madame, mademoiselle, madonna, predominance, predominant, predominate, semidominance, subdominant, superdominant
domus	dom-	house	domal, dome, domestic, domesticate, domestication, domesticity, domestique, domicile, domiciliary, major-domo, semidome
dōnum	dōn-	gift	condonation, condone, donation, donative, donator, donatory, pardon, pardonable
dorsum	dors-	back	disendorse, dorsal, dorsum, dossier, endorse, endorsee, endorsement, indorse, indorsement, reredos
dos	dot-	dowry	dotal, dotation
drappus	drapp-	cloth	drab, drape, drapery
dulcis	dulc-	sweet	billet-doux, dolce, dolcetto, douce, doux, dulcet, dulcian, dulcify, dulcimer, edulcorant, edulcorate, subdulcid
duo	du-	two	deuce, doubt, dual, duality, dubiety, dubious, duet, duo, duplex, duumvirate, duumviri, nonduality
duodecim	duodec-	twelve	dozen, duodecennial, duodecillion
duodecimus	duodec-	twelfth	duodecimal
duodeni	duoden-	twelve each	duodenal, duodenary, duodenum
duplus	dupl-	twofold	dobla, double, doubloon, doublure, duplation, duple, redouble, semidouble
durus	dur-	hard	dour, durability, durable, duration, durative, duress, durum, endurable, endurance, endurant, endure, indurate, induration, nondurable, obdurate, obduration, perdurable, perdurance, perdure, subdural
ebrius	ebri-	drunk	inebriant, inebriate, inebriation, inebriety, sober, sobriety
ensis	ens-	sword	ensiferous, ensiform
equus	equ-	horse	equestrian, equine
eruca	eruc-	caterpillar	eruciform
exterus • exterior • extremus	exter- • exterior- • extrem-	• outer • outmost	extern, external, externality • exterior • extreme, extremity, extremum
faba	fab-	bean	faba bean, fabaceous, aquafaba
faber	fabr-		fabric, fabrication, fabricator
faenum	faen-	hay	fennel, sainfoin
falx	falc-	sickle	defalcation, falcate, falciform
fames	fam-	hunger	famine, famish
fanum	fan-	temple	profane, profanity
fascis	fasc-	bundle	fasces, fascicle, fascicular, fasciculation, fascine
†fasciculus	fascicul-	bundle	fasces, fascicle, fascicular, fasciculation, fascine
fatuus	fatu-	foolish, useless	fatuous, infatuation
fauces	fauc-, -foc-	throat	faucal, suffocate, suffocation
febris	febr-	fever	antefebrile, febrifacient, febriferous, febrifuge, febrile
fēlēs	fēl-	cat	felid, Felinae, feline
fēlix	fēlic-	happy	felicitations, felicitous, felicity
fēmina	fēmin-	woman	effeminacy, effeminate, feminine, feminism, feminist, femininity
femur	femor-	thigh	femoral, femur
fenestra	fenestr-	window	defenestration
ferox	feroc-	fierce	ferocious, ferocity
ferrum	ferr-	iron	farrier, farriery, ferrate, ferrite, ferreous, ferrous, ferruginous, ferrugo, nonferrous
ferus	fer-	wild	feral, ferine, ferocious, ferocity, fierce
festūca	festūc-		fescue, Festuca
festus	fest-		feast, festal, festival, festive, festivity, festivous, festoon, Festus, fete, fiesta, infestive
feudum	feud-	fee	feodary, feudal, feudary, feudatory, subinfeudation
fibra	fibr-		defibrillate, defibrillation, defibrillator, fiber, fibre, fibriform, fibril, fibrillar, fibrillate, fibrin, fibrinous, fibrous, multifibrous
†fibrilla	fibrill-
fībula [note 4]	fībul-	clasp, fastener	fibula, fibular, infibulate, infibulation
ficus	fic-	fig	Ficus
fidēs	fid-	faith, trust	affiance, affiant, affidavit, confidant, confidante, confide, confidence, confident, confidential, confidentiality, defiance, defiant, defy, diffide, diffidence, diffident, faith, feal, fealty, fiancé, fiancée, fidelity, fiducial, fiduciary, infidel, infidelity, interfaith, multifaith, perfidious, perfidy, prefident
fīlia fīlius	fīli- fīli-	daughter son	affiliate, affiliation, affiliative, disaffiliate, disaffiliation, filial, filiate, filiation, filicide, filiety, nonaffiliation
filum	fil-	thread	bifilar, defilade, defile, enfilade, filament, filarial, filariform, filet, filiferous, filiform, filigree, fillet, multifilament, profile, unifilar
fimbriae	fimbri-		fimbria, fimbrial, fimbriate, fimbriation, fimbrillate, fringe
fimus	fim-	dung	fimicolous
fīnis	fīn-	end, limit	affinal, affine, affinitive, affinity, confine, confinement, confines, confinity, define, definiendum, definiens, definite, definition, definitive, equifinality, final, finality, finance, fine, finery, finesse, finis, finish, finite, finito, finitude, indefinite, indefinitude, infinite, infinitesimal, infinitive, infinitude, infinity, nonaffinity, nonfinal, nonfinite, prefinite, raffinate, raffinose, redefine, redefinition, refinance, refine, refinement, refinery, semidefinite, semifinal, superfine, transfinite
firmus	firm-	firm	affirm, affirmance, affirmant, affirmation, affirmative, affirmatory, confirm, confirmation, confirmational, confirmatory, disaffirm, disaffirmation, farm, fermata, firmament, infirm, infirmarian, infirmary, infirmity, nonaffirmation, obfirm, obfirmation, reaffirm, reaffirmation, reconfirm, reconfirmation
fiscus	fisc-	basket	confiscate, confiscation, confiscatory, fisc, fiscal, fiscus
fistula	fistul-	pipe, tube	fistula, fistulate, fistuliform, fistulose, fistulous
flaccus	flacc-	flabby	flaccid, flaccidity
flagrum	flagr-		flagellant, flagellar, flagellate, flagellation, flagelliform, flagellin, flagellum, flail, multiflagellate, uniflagellate
†flagellum	flagell-
flamma [note 5]	flamm-	flame	flamage, flambé, flambeau, flamboyance, flamboyant, inflame, inflammable, inflammation, inflammatory, oriflamme
flavus	flav-	yellow	flavin, flavivirus, flavonoid
floccus	flocc-	tuft	deflocculant, deflocculation, floc, floccillation, floccinaucinihilipilification, floccose, flocculant, floccular, flocculation, floccule, flocculent, floccus, flock
†flocculus	floccul-	tuft
flōs	flōr-	flower	counterflory, deflorate, defloration, effleurage, effloresce, efflorescence, efflorescent, fiori, fioritura, fleur-de-lis, fleury, flora, floral, florescence, florescent, floret, floriculture, florid, floridean, floridity, floriferous, floriform, florilege, florilegium, florin, floruit, florulent, flory, flour, flourish, flower, inflorescence, multiflora, multiflorous, pauciflor, pluriflor, uniflorous
†floscellus	floscell-	flower
focus	foc-	hearth	bifocal, confocal, defuel, focaccia, focal, focus, foyer, fuel, fusillade, multifocal, omnifocal, parfocal, refocus, refuel, trifocal, varifocal
foedus	foeder-		confederate, confederation, federacy, federal, federation
folium	foli-	leaf	bifoliate, bifoliolate, centifolious, cinquefoil, counterfoil, defoliant, defoliate, defoliation, exfoliant, exfoliate, exfoliation, exfoliative, feuilleton, foil, folate, foliage, foliar, foliate, foliation, foliature, folic, foliferous, folio, foliolate, foliole, foliose, foliosity, folivore, folivorous, folivory, multifoil, multifoliate, octofoil, perfoliate, portfolio, quadrifoliate, quadrifolium, quatrefoil, septifolious, trefoil, trifoliate, trifoliolate, trifolium, unifoliate
†foliolum	foliol-	leaflet
follis	foll-	bellows	follicle, follicular, follis, folly, fool, foolery
†folliculus	follicul-	bellows	follicle, follicular, follis, folly, fool, foolery
fons	font-	fountain, spring	font, fontal, fontanelle
foris	for-	outdoors	afforest, afforestation, deforest, deforestation, disforest, foreclose, foreign, forensic, forest, forfeit, forum, reforest, reforestation
fōrma	fōrm-	form, shape	biform, biformity, conform, conformable, conformance, conformant, conformity, counterreformation, deform, deformable, deformation, deformity, disinformation, formable, formal, formality, formant, format, formation, formative, formula, formulary, formulation, inform, informal, informality, informant, information, informative, irreformable, malformation, nonconformance, perform, performance, preform, preformat, reform, reformable, reformat, reformation, reformatory, transform, transformable, transformation, transformational, transformative, triform, triformity, uniform, uniformity
†formella	formell-
†formula	formul-
formica	formic-	ant	formic
formus	form-	warm
fornix	fornic-	vault	fornication, forniciform
fors	fort-	luck	fortuitous, fortuity, fortunate, fortune
fortis	fort-	strong	comfort, effort, force, forcible, forte, fortification, fortify, fortis, fortissimo, fortitude
fovea	fove-	shallow round depression	fovea, foveal, foveole
frāter	frātr-	brother	fraternal, fraternity, fratricide, friar, friary
fraus	fraud-	fraud	defraud, defraudation, fraud, fraudulent
frēnum	frēn-	bridle	frenal, frenate, frenulum, frenum, refrain, refrainment
†frenulum	frenul-	bridle	frenal, frenate, frenulum, frenum, refrain, refrainment
frequēns • frequentior • frequentissimus	frequent-	often	frequency, frequent, frequentation, frequentative, infrequency, infrequent
fretum	fret-	strait	transfretation, transfrete
frīgus	frigor-	cold	frigorific
†frīgusculum	friguscul-	cold	frigorific
frōns, fruns	frond-		frond, frondent, frondescence, frondiferous, frondlet, frondose
frōns	front-	brow, forehead	affront, affrontive, bifront, confront, confrontation, confrontational, effrontery, front, frontage, frontal, frontier, frontispiece, nonconfrontational, nonfrontal, prefrontal, quadrifrons, transfrontier
frustum	frust-	piece	bifrustum, frustule, frustulent, frustulum, frustum
†frustillum	frustill-
†frustulum	frustul-
frutex	frutic-	shrub	frutescence, frutescent, fruticose, fruticulose, suffrutescent, suffruticose, suffruticulose
†fruticulus	fruticul-	shrub
frūx	frūg-	fruit	frugal, frugality, frugiferous, frugivore, frugivorous, frumenty, infrugiferous
fulvus • fulvissimus	fulv-	tawny	fulvic, fulvid, fulvous
fūmus	fūm-	smoke	fumacious, fumade, fumage, fumarine, fumarole, fumatorium, fumatory, fume, fumeuse, fumid, fumidity, fumiferous, fumigant, fumigate, fumigation, fumigator, infumate, infumation, perfume, perfumery, suffumigate, suffumigation
fundus	fund-	bottom	cofound, defund, found, foundation, foundational, founder, fund, fundament, fundamental, fundoplication, fundus, profound, profundal, profundity
†fundulus	fundul-	bottom
fungus	fung-	mushroom	fungal, fungicidal, fungicide, fungiform, fungus
fūnis	fūn-	rope	funambulatory, funicle, funicular, funiculate, funiform
†fūniculus	fūnicul-	rope	funambulatory, funicle, funicular, funiculate, funiform
fūnus	funer-		funeral, funerary, funerate, funereal
fur	fur-	thief	furuncle
furca	furc-	fork	bifurcation, fourchette, furcate, furcula, furcular, multifurcate, trifurcate, trifurcation
†furcilla	furcill-
†furcula	furcul-
furtum	furt-	theft	furtive
fuscus • fuscior	fusc-	dark	fuscation, fuscine, fuscous, infuscate, infuscation, obfuscate, obfuscation, subfuscous
fūstis	fūst-	cudgel	fustigate, fustigation
†fusticulus	fusticul-	cudgel	fustigate, fustigation
fūsus	fūs-	spindle	fusain, Fusarium, fusarole, fusee, fuselage, fusilli, fusula, fuze
galbus	galb-	yellow	jaundice
galea	gale-	helmet	galea, galeate, galeiform
galēna	galēn-	lead ore	galena, galenic
gallīna	gallīn-	hen	gallinacean, gallinaceous, gallinule
†gallīnula	gallīnul-	hen	gallinacean, gallinaceous, gallinule
gelu	gel-		congeal, congelation, gel, gelati, gelatin, gelatinous, gelation, gelato, gelée, gelid, gelifluction, gelignite, jellification, jelly
geminus	gemin-	twin	bigeminal, bigeminy, gemel, gemelli, gemelliparous, geminal, geminate, gemination, gemini, gimmal, ingeminate, quadrigeminal, trigeminal, trigeminy
†gemellus	gemell-	twin
gemma	gemm-	bud	gem, gemma, gemmaceous, gemmate, gemmiferous, gemmiform, gemmiparous, gemmulation, gemmule, gemmuliferous
†gemmula	gemmul-	bud
gena	gen-	cheek	fixigena, gena, genal, librigena
gens	gent-		gens, genteel, gentile, gentility, gentle, gentrice, gentrification, gentry
genū	genū-	knee	genicular, geniculate, geniculation, geniculum, genu, genual, genucubital, genuflect, genuflection, genuflexion
†geniculum	genicul-	knee
genus	gener-	birth, offspring, creation	congener, congeneric, degenerate, degenerative, engender, gender, general, generality, generate, generation, generational, generative, generator, generatrix, generic, generosity, generous, genre, genuine, genus, intergenerational, intergeneric, regenerate, regenerative, subgenre, subgenus, transgender
germen	germin-	sprout	germ, germane, germicide, germinal, germinate, germination, nongermane, regerminate
gibbus	gibb-	hump	gibbose, gibbosity, gibbous
glaber	glabr-	smooth	glabella, glabellar, glabrate, glabrescent, glabrous
†glabellus	glabell-	smooth	glabella, glabellar, glabrate, glabrescent, glabrous
glacies	glaci-	ice	englacial, glacé, glacial, glaciation, glacier, glacious, glacis, glance, interglacial, interglaciation, postglacial, subglacial, supraglacial
gladius	gladi-	sword	gladiate, gladiator, gladiatory, gladiature, gladiolus
glāns	gland-	acorn	eglandular, eglandulose, gland, glandiferous, glandula, glandular, glandule, glanduliferous, glandulose, glans
†glandula	glandul-	acorn
glēba, glaeba	glēb-	clod	gleba, glebal, glebe, glebosity
globus	glob-		conglobate, global, globate, globe, globose, globosity, globular, globule, globulin, inglobate
†globulus	globul-
glomus	glomer-		agglomerate, agglomeration, agglomerative, glomerate, glomerular, glomerulation, glomerulus, juxtaglomerular
†glomerulus	glomerul-
gluten	glutin-	glue	agglutinant, agglutinate, agglutination, agglutinative, deglutination, glutelin, gluten, glutinosity, glutinous, nonagglutinative
gracilis • gracilior • gracillimus	gracil-	slender	engrail, engrailment, gracile, gracility
gradus	grad-	step	aggradation, aggradational, aggrade, antegrade, anterograde, centigrade, degradable, degradation, degradational, degrade, degree, digitigrade, gradation, grade, gradient, gradine, gradual, graduality, graduand, graduate, graduation, gree, laterigrade, multigrade, nongraduate, plantigrade, postgraduate, progradation, prograde, retrogradation, retrograde, saltigrade, tardigrade
grandis • grandior • grandissimus	grand-		aggrandise, aggrandisement, grandee, grandeur, grandific, grandiloquent, grandiose, grandiosity, grandioso, grandity, grandmaster
granum	gran-	grain	degranulation, engrain, filigree, garner, garnet, grain, granary, grange, granger, granite, granivore, granivorous, granivory, granular, granularity, granulate, granulation, granule, grenade, grenadier, grogram, grosgrain, ingrain, multigrain, pomegranate
†granulum	granul-	grain
grātus • gratissimus	grāt-		aggrace, agree, agreeable, agreeance, agreement, congratulant, congratulate, congratulations, congratulatory, disgrace, grace, graciosity, gracious, gratify, gratification, gratis, gratitude, gratuitous, gratuity, gratulant, gratulate, gratulation, gratulatory
gravis • gravior • gravissimus	grav-	heavy	aggravate, aggravation, degravation, gravamen, grave, gravid, gravida, gravidity, gravitas, gravitate, gravitation, gravitational, gravity, grief, grieve, grievance, grievant, grievous, ingravescence, ingravescent, multigravida, multigravidity, nongravitational, nulligravida, primigravida, reaggravate, supergravity
grex	greg-	flock, herd	aggregate, aggregation, aggregator, congregate, congregation, congregational, desegregate, desegregation, disaggregate, egregious, gregarious, intercongregational, segregate, segregation
grossus • grossior	gross-	thick	engross, engrossment, grocer, grocery, grosgrain, gross
gula	gul-		gula, gular, gullet, gully, subgular
gurges	gurgit-		demigorge, disgorge, disgorgement, engorge, engorgement, gorge, gorgeous, gorget, ingurgitate, ingurgitation, regurgitate, regurgitation
gustus	gust-	taste	disgust, gustatory, gusto, gustoso
gutta	gutt-	drop	gout, gutta, guttate, gutter, guttifer, guttiform
guttur	guttur-	throat	goitre, guttural
hallux	halluc-	big toe	hallucal, hallux
hāmus	hām-	hook	hamate, hamiform, hamular, hamulate, hamulus
†hāmulus	hāmul-	hook	hamate, hamiform, hamular, hamulate, hamulus
harena	haren-	sand	arena, arenaceous, arenite, arenose
hasta	hast-	spear	hasta, hastate, hastatic, hastile
hebes	hebet-	blunt, dull	hebetate, hebetude
hedera	heder-	ivy	Hedera, hederaceous
herba	herb-	grass	herbaceous, herbal, herbarium, herbicide, herbivore, herbivorous, herbivory, non-herbal
hērēs	hērēd-		disinherit, heir, hereditable, hereditament, hereditary, heredity, heritability, heritage, inherit, inheritable, inheritance, inheritor, inheritrix, nonhereditary, noninheritable
hibernus	hibern-		hibernacle, hibernal
hiems	hiem-	winter	hiemal
hircus	hirc-	goat	hircine
homō	homin-	man (human being)	bonhomie, homage, hombre, homicide, hominid, homuncular, homunculus, human, humane, humanitarian, humanity, inhuman, inhumane, inhumanity, Nemo, nonhuman, prehuman, subhuman, superhuman, transhuman
†homunculus	homuncul-	man (human being)
honor	honor-	honor	honorable, honorarium, honorary, honorific
hortus	hort-	garden	cohort, court, courteous, courtesan, courtesy, courtier, curtain, horticulture
hostis	host-	enemy	hostile, hostility
humus	hum-	ground	exhumation, exhume, humate, humation, humic, humiliate, humility, inhumation, inhume
ignis	ign-	fire	igneous, ignite, ignition
imbecillus	imbecill-	weak	imbecile, imbecility
inanis	inan-		inane, inanity
inferus • inferior • infimus	infer- • inferior- • infim-	• lower • lowest	• inferior, inferiority •
inguen	inguin-	groin	inguinal
īnsula	īnsul-	island	insular, insulate, insulation, peninsula, peninsular, isolate, isolation
interus • interior • intimus	inter- • interior- • intim-	• •	entrail, intern, internal, internality • interior • intima, intimacy, intimate, intimation
iocus jocus	joc-	jest	jocular, jocularity, joke
†joculus	jocul-	jest	jocular, jocularity, joke
iūdex jūdex [note 6]	iūdic-	judge	adjudicate, adjudication, adjudicative, adjudicator, adjudicatory, extrajudicial, injudicious, judge, judgement, judgment, judgmental, judicable, judicative, judicator, judicatory, judicature, judicial, judiciary, judicious, nonjudicial, prejudge, prejudgment, prejudice, prejudicial
iugum jugum	iug-	yoke	conjugacy, conjugal, conjugate, conjugation, jugal, jugate, jugular
iūs	iūr-	law, right	abjuration, abjure, conjure, de jure, jurat, juration, juratory, jurisdiction, jury, justice
iuvenis juvenis	juven-	young	junior, juniorate, juniority, juvenile, juvenilia, juvenility, rejuvenate
jejunus	jejun-		jejunal, jejune, jejunity, jejunum
labia	labi-	lip	labial, labium
labor	labor-	toil	collaboration, collaborative, collaborator, elaboration, laboratory, laborious
labrum	labr-	lip	labrose, labrum
lac	lact-	milk	lactate, lactic, lactose
lacrima	lacrim-	tear	lachrymose
lacus	lac-		lacuna, lacustrine, lagoon, lake
lapis	lapid-	stone	dilapidate, lapidary
lassus	lass-		lassitude
latex	latic-	liquid	laticifer
latus	lat-	broad, wide	latifoliate, latitude
latus	later-	side	collateral, lateral
laus	laud-	praise	laud, laudable, Lauds
laxus	lax-	loose	laxity, relax
lenis	leni-	gentle	leniency, lenient, leniment, lenis, lenition, lenitive, lenitude, lenity
lens	lent-	lentil	lens, lenticel, lenticular, lentiform
lentus	lent-		lentic, relent
leo	leon-	lion	leonine
lepus	lepor-	hare	leporid, leporine
levis	lev-	light (weight)	levity, relieve
lēx	lēg-	law	alleged, extralegal, illegal, legal, legality, legislation, legislator, privilege
liber	liber-	free	illiberal, illiberality, liberal, liberality, liberate, liberation, liberator
liber	libr-	book	librarian, library, libretto
libra	libr-	balance, scales	deliberate, deliberation, deliberative, equilibrium, libration
lignum	lign-	wood	ligneous, ligniform, lignin, lignite, lignose
limbus	limb-	edge	limbate, limbic, limbo
limes	limit-		delimit, limes, limit, limitation
linea	line-	line	align, collinear, collineation, linea, lineage, linear, linearity, multicollinearity
lingua	lingu-	tongue	bilingual, bilinguality, bilinguous, collingual, elinguation, interlanguage, language, ligula, ligular, ligule, lingua franca, lingual, linguiform, linguine, multilingual, prelingual, quadrilingual, sublingual, trilingual
†lingula, ligula	lingul-	tongue
lira	lir-	furrow	delirament, delirant, delirate, deliration, deliriant, delirifacient, delirious, delirium
littera	litter-	letter	alliteration, alliterative, biliteral, illiteracy, illiterate, literacy, literal, literary, literate, literature, obliterate, obliteration, transliteracy, transliteration, triliteral
locus, stlocus	loc-	place	accouchement, bilocation, bilocular, cislocative, collocation, couch, couchant, dislocate, dislocation, interlocal, lieu, local, locale, locality, locate, location, locative, locator, loculament, locular, locule, loculose, loculus, milieu, multilocal, multilocation, multilocular, nonlocal, quasilocal, relocate, relocation, translocal, translocate, translocation, translocative, trilocular, unilocular
†locellus	locell-
†loculus	locul-
longus • longior • longissimus	long-	long	allonge, elongate, elongation, longa, longanimity, longe, longeron, longinquity, longitude, longitudinal, longum, lunge, lungo, oblong, prolong, prolongation, purloin
lūbricus	lūbric-	slippery	lubricant, lubricate, lubrication, lubricator, lubricity, lubricous
lucrum	lucr-	gain, profit	lucrative, lucre, lucrific
†lucellum	lucell-	gain, profit	lucrative, lucre, lucrific
lūmen [note 7]	lūmin-	light	dislimn, enlumine, illuminable, illuminance, illuminant, illuminate, illuminati, illumination, illumine, intraluminal, limn, lumen, luminaire, luminal, luminance, luminant, luminaria, luminary, lumination, lumine, luminescence, luminescent, luminiferous, luminosity, luminous, relumine, subluminal, subluminous, superluminal, transillumination, transluminal, ultraluminous
lūna [note 8]	lūn-	Moon	circumlunar, cislunar, demilune, interlunar, interlunation, lunar, lunate, lunatic, lunation, lune, lunette, luniform, lunisolar, mezzaluna, mezzelune, plenilunary, semilunar, sublunar, sublunary, superlunary, translunar
lupus	lup-	wolf	lupine
lūtra	lūtr-	otter	Lutra, lutrine
lutum	lut-	mud	lutaceous, lutite
lux	luc-	light	elucidate, elucidation, elucubrate, elucubration, lucent, lucid, lucidity, Lucifer, luciferous, lucifugal, noctilucent, pellucid, pellucidity, semipellucid, translucency, translucent, translucid, translucidity, translucidus
luxus	lux-		luxuriant, luxurious, luxury
†macula	macul-	spot	immaculate, macula, macular, maculate, maculation, maculature, macule, maculose
magister	magistr-	master	maestro, magisterial, magistery, magistracy, magistral, magistrate, magistrature, master, mastery, mistral, quartermaster, remaster
magnus • māior • maximus	magn- • māior- • maxim-	big, great • greater • greatest	magnanimity, magnanimous, magnate, magnificent, magnitude • maestoso, majesty, major, majorate, majordomo, majoritarian, majority, majuscule, mayor, mayoral, mayoralty, semimajor, supermajority • maxim, maximal, maximum
malleus	malle-	hammer	malleability, malleable, mallet
malus • peior • pessimus	mal- • peior- • pessim-	bad • worse • worst	dismal, grand mal, malady, malaise, malevolence, malevolent, malice, malicious, malignancy, malignant, nonmalignant, petit mal, premalignant • impair, impairment, pejoration, pejorative • pessimal
mantum	mant-		dismantle, dismantlement, manta, mantel, mantelet, mantilla, mantle
†mantellum	mantell-
manus	manu-	hand	amanuensis, Bimana, bimanous, bimanual, mainour, maintain, manacle, manage, manageable, management, managerial, mandamus, mandate, maneuver, manicure, manifer, manifest, manifestation, manifesto, maniform, maniple, manipulation, manner, manual, manuary, manubrium, manuduction, manufacture, manumission, manumit, manus, manuscript, Quadrumana, quadrumanous
†manicula	manicul-	hand
mare	mar-	sea	marinade, marinate, marine, mariner, maritime, submarine, ultramarine
Mars	marti-	Mars	martial, Martian
māter	mātr-	mother	immaterial, material, materiality, maternal, maternity, matricide, matriculant, matriculate, matrilocal, matrimonial, matrimony, matrix, matron, matter
maturus	matur-	ripe	immature, immaturity, maturant, maturate, maturation, mature, maturescent, maturity, premature
medius	medi-	middle	antemeridian, dimidiate, dimidiation, immediacy, immediate, intermediary, intermediate, intermedio, intermezzo, mean, media, medial, median, mediant, mediation, mediator, mediatrix, mediety, medieval, mediocre, mediocrity, medium, meridian, mezzanine, postmeridian
mel	mell-	honey	melliferous, mellific, mellifluence, mellifluent, mellifluous, melliloquent, mellivorous
membrum	membr-		bimembral, dismember, dismemberment, member, membral, membrane, membranous, nonmember, semimembranous, transmembrane
memor	memor-	mindful	commemorate, commemoration, commemorative, immemorial, memoir, memorabilia, memorability, memorable, memorandum, memorial, memory, remember, remembrance, rememorate
menda	mend-	blemish	emend, emendation
mendicus	mendic-	beggar	mendicant, mendicate, mendication, mendicity
mens	ment-	mind	comment, commentary, dementia, mental, mentality
merus	mer-	pure	mere
mēta	met-	goal	mete
miles	milit-	soldier	militant, military, militate, militia
mīlle	mīll-	thousand	bimillennium, mile, mileage, miliarense, miliaresion, millefeuille, millefiori, millefleur, millennial, millennium, milli-, million, millionaire, millipede, milreis, multimillion, postmillennial, premillennial
millēnī	millēn-	a thousand each	bimillenary, millenarian, millenary, postmillenarian
millēsimus	millēsim-	thousandth	mil, millesimal
mirus	mir-		admirability, admirable, admiration, admirative, admire, marvel, miracle, miraculous, mirage, Miranda, mirative, mirativity, mirror
†miraculum	miracul-
miser • miserior • miserrimus	miser-	wretched	commiserate, commiseration, miser, miserable, misericord, misery
†misellus	misell-	wretched
missa	miss-	Mass	missal, missificate
mitis • mitissimus	mit-		mitigant, mitigate, mitigation
modus	mod-		accommodate, accommodation, accommodative, accommodator, bimodal, bimodality, commode, commodification, commodious, commodity, decommodification, demodulate, demodulation, demodulator, immodest, immodesty, intermodal, intermodulation, modal, modality, mode, model, modern, modernity, modest, modesty, modicum, modification, modify, modiolus, modular, modularity, modulate, modulation, modulator, module, modulo, modulus, multimodal, multimodality, postmodern, postmodernity, Quasimodo, remodel, remodulate, supermodel, trimodal, trimodality, ultramodern, unimodular, unimodularity
†modulus	modul-
moles	mol-	mass	bimolecular, demolition, mole, molecule
mollis	moll-	soft	emollient, mollient, mollify, mollitude, mollusc, molluscicide, molluscivore, mollusk
mons	mont-	mountain	cismontane, dismount, montage, montane, monticello, monticule, montiform, montigenous, mount, piedmont, submontane, surmount, tramontane, transmontane, ultramontane
†monticellus	monticell-
†monticulus	monticul-
mora	mor-	delay	demur, demure, demurrage, demurral, moratorium
morbus	morb-	sickness	morbid, morbidity
mors	mort-	death	immortal, immortality, mortal, mortality, mortician, rigor mortis
mortuus	mort-	dead	mortgage, mortuary, morgue, postmortem
mōs	mōr-	custom	immoral, immorality, moral, morale, morality, mores, morigerous, morose, morosity
mucrō	mucrōn-	point	mucro, mucronate, mucronation, mucronulate, mucronule
mūcus	mūc-		mucic, muciferous, muciform, mucigel, mucilage, mucilaginous, mucivore, mucosa, mucous, muculent, submucosa
mulier	muli-	woman	muliebrity, mulierose
multa, mulcta	mult-	penalty	mulct
multus • plūs • plūrimus	mult- • plūr- • plūrim-	many • more • most	multiplex, multiplicity, multitude • nonplus, plural, plurality, pluriform, plus, surplus • plurimal
mūlus	mūl-	mule	mular
mundus	mund-	world	antemundane, demimondaine, demimonde, extramundane, intramundane, mondain, mondaine, mondial, mondo, mundane, mundanity, ultramundane
mūrex	mūric-		murex, muricate, muriculate
muria	muri-	brine	muriate, muriatic
murmur	murmur-		murmur, murmuration, murmurous
†murmurillum	murmurill-		murmur, murmuration, murmurous
mūrus, moerus	mūr-	wall	antemural, immuration, immure, immurement, intramural, murage, mural
mūs	mūr-	mouse	intermuscular, murine, muscular, muscularity, musculature
†mūsculus	mūscul-	mouse	intermuscular, murine, muscular, muscularity, musculature
musca	musc-	fly	Musca, muscarine, Muscicapa, Muscidae, musciform, mosquito
mūscus	mūsc-	moss
mustus	must-	new	must
mutilus	mutil-		mutilate, mutilation, mutilous
mūtulus	mūtul-	modillion	intermutule, modillion, mutular, mutule
mūtus	mūt-		mute
N–V
Citation form	Declining stem	Meaning	English derivatives
nāpus	nāp-	turnip	neep
nāris	nār-	nostril	internarial, nares, narial, prenarial
nāsus	nās-	nose	intranasal, nasal, nasalance, nasality, nonnasal
nāvis	nāv-	ship	antenave, naval, nave, navicular, navigable, navigate, navy, nonnavigable
†nāvicella	nāvicell-
†nāvicula	navicul-
nebula	nebul-		nebula, nebular, nebulous
necesse [note 9]	necess-		necessary, necessitarian, necessitate, necessitude, necessity, nonnecessity
nepōs	nepōt-		grandnephew, nephew, nepoticide
nervus	nerv-		innervate, nerval, nervate, nerve, nervose, nervosity, trinervate
neuter	neutr-	neither	neutral, neutrality, nonneutrality
nīdor	nīdor-		nidor, nidorose
nīdus	nīd-	nest	denidation, niche, nidicolous, nidificate, nidification, nidifugous, nidulant, nidulate
†nidulus	nidul-	nest
niger	nigr-	black	denigrate, denigration, denigrative, denigrator, negrita, nigrities, negrito, negritude, nigrescence, nigrescent, nigrine, nigritude
nihil	nihil-	nothing	annihilate, annihilation, annihilator, nihil, nil
nodus	nod-	knot	acnode, crunode, denouement, internodal, internode, nodal, node, nodose, nodosity, nodular, nodule, nodulose, tacnode
†nodulus	nodul-	knot
nomen	nomin-	name	agnomen, agnominal, agnomination, binomen, binominal, denomination, denominational, denominative, denominator, ignominious, ignominy, interdenominational, multidenominational, multinominal, nominal, nomination, nominative, nominator, nominee, nondenominational, noun, postnominal, praenomen, prenominal, pronominal, pronoun, redenomination, renown, surnominal, trinomen, trinominal
nonageni	nonagen-	ninety each	nonagenarian, nonagenary
nonagesimus	nonagesim-	ninetieth	nonagesimal
nōnus	non-	ninth	nonary, None, noon
norma	norm-	carpenter's square	abnormal, abnormality, denormal, enormity, enormous, nonnormal, nonnormative, norm, normal, normality, normative, seminorm, seminormal, subnormal
noster	nostr-	our	nostrum
novem	novem-	nine	November, novennial
novemdecim	novemdec-	nineteen	novemdecillion
noveni	noven-	nine each	Novena, novenary
novus • novior • novissimus	nov-	new	innovate, innovation, innovational, innovative, innovator, innovatory, nova, novation, novel, novella, novelty, novice, novitiate, renovatable, renovate, renovation, renovative, renovator, supernova
†novellus	novell-	new
nox	noct-	night	equinoctial, equinox, noctambulous, noctiluca, noctilucent, noctule, nocturn, nocturnal, nocturnality, nocturne, notturno, seminocturnal, trinoctial
nūbēs	nūb-	cloud	enubilate, enubilous, nuance, nubilose, nubilous, obnubilate
nudus	nud-	naked	denudation, denude, nonnude, nude, nudity, seminude, seminudity
nugae	nug-	trifles	nugacious, nugacity, nugation, nugatory
nūmen	nūmin-	nod	numen, numinous
numerus	numer-	number	denumerable, enumerable, enumerate, enumeration, enumerative, enumerator, equinumerant, equinumerous, innumerable, innumeracy, innumerate, innumerous, nonenumerative, numerable, numeracy, numeral, numerary, numerate, numeration, numerative, numerator, numerical, numero, numerosity, numerous, renumerate, supernumerary
nux	nuc-	nut	enucleate, enucleation, extranuclear, internuclear, intranuclear, nucament, nucellus, nucifer, nuciferine, nuciferous, nuciform, Nucifraga, nucivorous, nuclear, nucleate, nucleation, nucleus, nucleolar, nucleolate, nucleolus
†nucula	nucul-	nut
octāvus	octav-	eighth	octaval, octave, octavo
octō	oct-	eight	octal, octangular, octavalent, octennial, October, octofid, octopartite, octuped, octuple, octuplet, octuplicate
octōdecim	octodecim-	eighteen	octodecillion, octodecimo
octogeni	octogen-	eighty each	octogenarian, octogenary
octōgēsimus	octogesim-	eightieth	octogesimal
octōni	octon-	eight each	octonary, octonion
oculus	ocul-	eye	binocular, circumocular, inoculation, intraocular, inveigle, ocular, oculus
†ocellus	ocell-	eye
odium	odi-	hatred	annoy, ennui, odious, odium
odor	odor-		deodorant, malodor, malodorous, odoriferous, odorous
oleum	ole-	oil	oleose, oleosity, oleum
omen	omin-		abominable, abomination, omen, ominous
omnis	omn-	all	omnibenevolence, omniform, omnipotence, omnipresence, omniscience, omnivore
onus	oner-	burden, load	exonerate, exoneration, onerous, onus
opacus	opac-	shady	opacity, opaque
ops	op-		copious, inopulent, opulence, opulent
opus	oper-	work	chef-d'oeuvre, cooperate, cooperation, cooperative, hors d'oeuvre, inoperable, interoperability, interoperable, inure, inurement, manoeuvre, oeuvre, opera, operability, operable, operand, operant, operate, operation, operational, operative, operator, operose, operosity, opus, opuscule, postoperative, preoperative
†opusculum	opuscul-	work
orbis	orb-	ring	deorbit, orb, orbicle, orbicular, orbiculate, orbit, orbital, postorbital, suborbital, superorbital
†orbiculus	orbicul-	ring
ordo	ordin-	order	coordinal, coordinate, coordination, disorder, extraordinary, incoordinate, incoordination, infraorder, inordinate, inordination, insubordinate, insubordination, ordain, ordainment, order, ordinal, ordinance, ordinary, ordinate, ordination, ordinative, ordnance, ornery, parvorder, preordain, preorder, preordination, quasiorder, reordain, reorder, reordination, suborder, subordinate, subordination, superordain, superorder, superordinate, superordination
os	or-	mouth	adorable, adoral, adoration, adore, adosculation, exorable, inexorable, inosculate, inosculation, interosculate, intraoral, oral, oration, orator, oratorio, oratory, orifice, oscitate, oscitation, osculant, oscular, oscularity, osculate, osculation, osculator, osculatory, osculatrix, oscule, osculum
†osculum	oscul-	mouth
os	oss-	bone	exossation, interosseous, osseous, ossicle, ossicular, ossiferous, ossification, ossifrage, ossify, ossuary
†ossiculum	ossicul-	bone
ōscen	ōscin-	songbird	oscine
ostium	osti-		ostiary, ostiolar, ostiole, ostium
†ostiolum	ostiol-		ostiary, ostiolar, ostiole, ostium
otium	oti-	leisure	negotiable, negotiate, negotiation, nonnegotiable, otiose, otiosity, renegotiate, renegotiation
ovis	ov-	sheep	ovile, ovine
†ovicula	ovicul-	sheep	ovile, ovine
ovum	ov-	egg	oval, ovarian, ovary, ovicapsule, ovicidal, ovicide, oviduct, oviferous, oviform, oviposition, ovipositor, ovolo, ovular, ovulation, ovulatory, ovule, ovum, pluriovulate
†ovulum	ovul-	egg
pagus	pag-		pagan, paisano, peasant, peasantry
pala	pal-	spade	palette
palatum	palat-	roof of the mouth	impalatable, palatability, palatable, palatal, palate
palla	pall-		circumpallial, pall, pallial, palliate, palliative, pallium
pālus	pāl-	stake	impale, impalement, pale, palisade, pole, travail
pălus	palūd-	marsh	paludose
paluster	palustr-		palustral, palustrine
panis	pan-	bread	accompaniment, accompany, appanage, companion, company, empanada, impanate, pannier, pantry
pannus	pann-		empanel, impanel, pane, panel, repanel, subpanel
panus	pan-		panicle
†panicula	panicul-		panicle
papaver	papaver-	poppy	papaveraceous, papaverine
papilio	papilion-	butterfly	pavilion
par	par-	equal	comparative, comparator, disparage, disparagement, parity, disparity, impar, imparity, nonpareil, pair, par, parile, parity, peer, peerage, subpar, umpire
parcus	parc-		parcity
paries	pariet-	wall	biparietal, parietal
pars	part- -pert-	piece	apart, apartment, apportion, apportionment, bipartient, bipartisan, bipartite, bipartition, champerty, compart, compartition, compartment, compartmental, coparcenary, coparcener, counterpart, counterparty, depart, department, departmental, departure, dispart, disproportionate, equipartition, ex parte, impart, impartial, intraparty, jeopardous, jeopardy, multipartite, nonpartisan, parcel, parcenary, parcener, parse, partial, partiality, participate, participle, particle, particular, particularity, particulate, partisan, partita, partite, partition, partitive, partner, party, passel, portion, proportion, proportional, proportionality, purpart, purparty, quadripartite, reapportion, reapportionment, repartee, repartition, superparticular, tripartient, tripartite, unipartite
†particella	particell-
†particula	particul-
parvus • minor • minimus	parv- • min- • minim-	small • less • least	parvifoliate, parvity, parvovirus • administer, administration, administrative, administrator, administratrix, maladminister, minister, ministerial, ministrant, ministrative, ministry, minor, minority, minstrel, minstrelsy, minus, minuscule, semiminor • minim, minimal, minimum
passer	passer-	sparrow	passerine
passus	pass-		compass, encompass, pace, passage, passant, passement, passementerie, passenger
pater	patr-	father	Jupiter, paternal, paternity, patrician, patrilineal, patrilocal, patrilocality, patrimonial, patrimony, patron, patronage, perpetrate, repatriation
paucus	pauc-	few	paucal, pauciloquent, paucity, poco
pauper	pauper-		impoverish, impoverishment, pauperage, poor, poverty
pausa	paus- pos-		compose, composure, counterpose, counterproposal, disposable, disposal, dispose, disposure, exposal, expose, exposé, exposure, imposable, impose, imposure, interposal, interpose, multipurpose, opposable, opposal, oppose, posada, pose, poseur, poseuse, predispose, proposal, propose, purpose, reimpose, reposal, repose, repurpose, supposal, suppose, transposable, transposal, transpose
pavo	pavon-	peacock	pavone, pavonine
pax	pac-	peace	appease, appeasement, copayment, pacific, pacify, pay, payment, repay, repayment
pectus	pector-	chest	pectoral
pecu	pecu-		impecunious, peculiar, pecuniary
penna	penn-	feather	pen, pennage, pennate, penniform, pennigerous, pennon
perca	perc-	perch	Perca, Percidae, perciform, percoid, Percoidea
persona	person-	person	impersonate, impersonation, impersonator, person, personable, personage, personal, personality, personification, subpersonality, transpersonal
pēs	ped-	foot	biped, bipedal, expedient, expedite, expedition, impeach, impeachment, impediment, inexpedient, oppidum, pawn, pedal, pedestal, pedestrian, pedicel, pedicle, pedicure, pediform, pedigerous, pedigree, peon, peonage, piedfort, piedmont, pioneer, quadruped, quadrupedal, tripedal
†pediculus	pedicul-	foot
pestis	pest-	pest	pesticide, pestiferous, pestilence
pila	pil-	ball	pellet, pelota, peloton, pill
†pilula	pilul-	ball	pellet, pelota, peloton, pill
pileus	pile-	cap	Pilea, pileate, pileum, pileus
pilus	pil-	hair	depilation, depilatory, epilation, piliferous, piliform, pilose, pilosity
pinna	pinn-	feather	panache, pinnacle, pinnal, pinnate, pinniform, pinniped
†pinnaculum	pinnacul-	feather	panache, pinnacle, pinnal, pinnate, pinniform, pinniped
pinus	pin-		pine, pineal
pirus	pir-	pear	piriform
piscis	pisc-	fish	pisces, pisciform, piscine, piscivore
pius	pi-	dutiful	piety, pious, pittance, pity
pix	pic-		Picea, picene, piceous, pitch
planca	planc-	plank	planch
planta	plant-	sole	implant, implantable, implantation, plant, plantar, plantation, plantigrade, supplant, supplantation, transplant, transplantation
planus	plan-	flat	applanate, applanation, complanar, complanate, coplanar, coplanarity, esplanade, explain, explanation, explanatory, piano, pianoforte, plain, plaintext, planar, planary, planate, planation, plane
platea	plate-	place	displace, displacement, emplacement, piazza, placement, plaza, replace, replacement, transplace
plēbs	pleb-	common people	plebeian, plebiscite, plebs
plenus	plen-	full	plenary, plenipotent, plenipotentiary, plenish, plenishment, plenitude, plenitudinous, plenum
plūma	plūm-	feather	deplumation, deplume, displume, plumage, plume, plumose, plumosity, plumulaceous, plumular, plumule, plumulose, semiplume, superplume
†plūmula	plūmul-	feather
plumbum	plumb-	lead	plumb, plumbaginous, plumbago, plumbeous, plummet, plunge, replumb
pluvia	pluvi-	rain	compluvium, displuviate, impluvium, plover, pluvial, pluviosity
pōculum	pōcul-	cup	poculent, poculiform
†pōcillum	pōcill-	cup	poculent, poculiform
pollen	pollin-		polenta, pollen, pollinate, pollination, pollinator, polliniferous
pollex	pollic-	thumb	pollex, pollical, pollicate, prepollex
pondus	ponder-	weight	imponderable, ponder, ponderable, ponderance, ponderation, ponderosa, ponderosity, ponderous, pound, preponderance, preponderate
pons	pont-	bridge	pons, pontage, pontic, pontile, pontine, pontonier, pontoon, punt
populus	popul-		depopulate, depopulation, people, populace, popular, popularity, populate, population, pueblo, repopulate, repopulation, subpopulation
†popellus	popell-
pōpulus	pōpul-	poplar	populetum, Populus
porca, porcus	porc-	pig	porcine, porcupine, pork
porta	port-	gate	anteporch, anteport, anteportico, porch, portal, portcullis, portico, portière
†portula	portul-	gate
portus	port-		importune, importunity, opportune, opportunity, port
posterus • posterior • postremus	poster- • posterior- • postrem-	• •	posterity • a posteriori, posterior, posteriority • postremogeniture
potis	pot-		compossible, idempotence, idempotent, impossible, impotence, impotency, impotent, nilpotence, nilpotent, posse, possible, potence, potency, potent, potentate, potential, potentiality, puissance, puissant, subpotency, superpotency, superpotential, unipotent
prandium	prandi-	lunch	prandial, preprandial
pravus	prav-	crooked	depravity
pretium	preti-	price	appreciate, appreciation, depreciation, precious
prex	prec-	prayer	preces
prior • prīmus	prior- • prīm-	former • first	a priori, prior, priority, priory, subprior • prima facie, primacy, primal, primary, primate, prime, primer, primine, primitive, primogeniture, primordial, primrose, Primula, subprimal, subprime
privus	priv-	own	privacy, private, privy
probrum	probr-		opprobrium
probus	prob-		approbation, approval, approve, improbability, improbable, probability, probable, proband, probate, probation, probationary, probative, probity, reprobate, reproval
prope • propior • proximus	prop- • propior- • proxim-	near, nigh • nearer • nearest	propinquity, propitiation, propitiatory, propitious • approach, rapprochement, reproach • proximal, proximate, proximity
proprius	propri-	proper	appropriate, appropriation, impropriety, inappropriate, propriety
prunus	prun-	plum	prune
publicus	public-		public, publican, publication, publicity
puer	puer-	boy	puerile, puerility, puerperant
pulcher	pulchr-	beautiful	pulchritude, pulchritudinous
pullus	pull-		poultry, pullet, pullorum, pullulate, pullulation, repullulate, repullulation
†pullulus	pullul-
pulmo	pulmon-	lung	extrapulmonary, intrapulmonary, pulmonary
pulvinus	pulvin-	cushion, pillow	pulvilli, pulvinar, pulvinated, pulvinus
pulvis	pulver-	dust, powder	pulverize, pulverulence, pulverulent
pumex	pumic-	pumice stone	pumicate, pumice, pumiceous, pumiciform, pumicite
pupa	pup-	doll	pupae, pupal, puparium, pupation, pupil
purus	pur-	pure	depurate, depuration, impure, impurity, pure, purification, purity
pus	pur-	pus	purulence, purulent
quadrageni	quadragen-	forty each	quadragenarian, quadragenary
quadrāgēsimus	quadrāgēsim-	fortieth	Quadragesima, quadragesimal
quadrāgintā	quadrāgint-	forty	quarantine
quadrini	quadrin-	four each	carillon, carillonneur, quadrin
quadrum, quadrus	quadr-	square	biquadrate, biquadratic, cadre, conquadrate, escadrille, intrasquad, quadrance, quadrate, quadratic, quadratrix, quadrature, quadrel, quadric, quadrille, quarry, squad, squadron, squarable, square, subsquadron
†quadrellus	quadrell-	square
quartus	quart-	fourth	inquartation, interquartile, quadroon, quart, quartal, quartan, quartary, quarter, quartet, quartic, quartile, quartine, quarto, semiquartile
quaternī	quatern-	four each	biquaternion, quatern, quaternary, quaternate, quaternion, quaternity, quire
quattuor	quadr-	four	quadrangle, quadrennial, quadriceps, quadrifarious, quadrifid, quadrifolium, quadrifrons, quadrilateral, quadrilingual, quadriliteral, quadrillion, quadrinational, quadrinodal, quadrinomial, quadrinominal, quadripara, quadrireme, quadrisection, quadrivalent, quadrivium, quadruped, quadruple, quadruplet, quadruplex, quadruplicate, quatrain, quatre, quatrefoil
quattuordecim	quattuordecim-	fourteen	quatorzain, quatorze, quattuordecillion
quiēs	quiēt-	rest	acquiesce, acquiescence, acquiescent, acquit, acquittal, acquittance, inquietude, quiescence, quiescent, quiet, quietude, quietus, quit, requiem, requiescat, requital, requite, requitement
quīndecim	quīndecim-	fifteen	quindecennial, quindecillion, quindecimal, quindecimvir, quinzaine, quinze
quindēni	quindēn-	fifteen each	quindenary
quingēnī, quingentēnī	quingēn-	five hundred each	quingenary
quīnī	quīn-	five each	biquinary, quinarius, quinary, quinate
quinquageni	quinquagen-	fifty each	quinquagenarian, quinquagenary
quintus	quint-	fifth	biquintile, quint, quinta, quintal, quintan, quintant, quinte, quintessence, quintessential, quintic, quintile, quintipara, quintus, semiquintile
radius	radi-	ray, spoke	biradial, circumradius, interradial, irradiance, irradiate, irradiation, multiradial, nonradiative, nonradioactive, radial, radian, radiance, radiant, radiation, radiator, radio, radioactive, radioactivity, radius, raion, ray, semiradial, transradial
rādīx	rādīc-	root	biradical, deracinate, deracination, eradicable, eradicate, radical, radicand, radicant, radicate, radicel, radicle, radicular, radicule, radiculose, radish, ultraradical
†radicula	radicul-	root
rāmus	rām-	branch	biramous, ramada, ramage, ramal, ramate, ramification, ramiform, ramon, ramose, ramosity, ramulose, ramulus, ramus, ramuscule, uniramous
†rāmulus	rāmul-	branch
rāna	rān-	frog	ranula, ranunculaceous, ranunculus
†rānula	rānul-
†rānunculus	rānuncul-
rāpa, rāpum	rāp-	turnip	rape, ravioli
†rāpulum	rāpul-	turnip	rape, ravioli
remus	rem-	oar	bireme, quadrireme, quinquereme, remex, remiform, remiges, remigial, remiped, sexireme, trireme
rēn	ren-	kidney	adrenal, renal, reniform
res	re-	thing	irrealis, real, reality, surreal
rete	ret-	net	reticle, reticular, reticulate, reticulation, reticule, retiform, retina
†reticulum	reticul-	net
rēx	rēg-	king	interregnum, regal, regalia, regality, regency, regent, regious, reguline, reign, royal, viceroy
†regulus	regul-	king
ripa	rip-	bank	arrival, arrive, arrivé, riparian, river, riverine, riviera, transriverine
ritus	rit-	rite	ritual
rivus	riv-	brook	corrival, corrivation, derivation, derivative, derive, nonrivalrous, rival, rivality, rivalrous, rivalry, rivose, rivulet, Rivulus
†rivulus	rivul-	brook
rōbor	rōbor-	oak	corroborant, corroborate, corroboration, corroborative, corroborator, robust
rōs	rōr-	dew	irrorate, irroration
rosa	ros-	rose	primrose, rosacea, rosaceous, rosarian, rosarium, rosary, rosé, roseola, rosette, rosulate, sub rosa
†rosula	rosul-	rose
rōstrum	rōstr-	beak, prow	brevirostrate, curvirostral, lamellirostral, rostellate, rostelliform, rostellum, rostral, rostrate, rostriform, rostrulum, rostrum
†rostellum	rostell-
†rostrulum	rostrul-
rota	rot-	wheel	circumrotation, contrarotation, rondeau, rondel, rondo, rotary, rotation, rotational, rotelle, rotifer, Rotifera, rotiferous, rotiform, rotula, rotund, rotunda, rotundifolious, rotundity, roulette, round, roundel, rowel
†rotella	rotell-
†rotula	rotul-
ruber	rubr-	red	erubescence, erubescent, rubella, Rubio, rubious, rubric, rubricate, rubrication, rubricator, ruby
†rubellus	rubell-	red
rūdis	rūd-	rude	erudiate, erudite, erudition, rudiment, rudimentary, rudity
rūdus	rūder-	rubbish	ruderal
rūfus	rūf-	red	rufescence, rufescent, rufous
ruga	rug-	wrinkle	arroyo, corrugant, corrugate, corrugation, erugate, rugose
rūmen	rūmin-	throat	rumen, rumenic, ruminal, ruminant, ruminate, rumination, ruminator
rūpēs	rūp-	crag, rock	rupestrine, rupicolous
rūs	rūr-	countryside, farm	nonrural, roister, roisterous, rural, rustic, rusticate, rustication, rusticity
sacer	sacr- -secr-	sacred	consecrate, consecration, deconsecration, desecration, desecrator, execrable, execrate, execration, inexecrable, obsecrate, reconsecrate, sacrament, sacrifice, sacrificial, sacrilege, sacrilegious, sacristy, sacrosanct, saint, sanctimony, sanction, Sanctus, Tersanctus
saeculum	saecul-		nonsecular, secular, secularity
saepēs	saep-	hedge	septal, septarium, septate, septiform, septifragal, septulate, septulum, septum, transept, transeptal, uniseptate
saeta, sēta	saet-	bristle	searce, seta, setaceous, setal, setaria, setiferous, setiform, setigerous, setireme, setose
†saetula	saetul-	bristle
sagina	sagin-		saginate, sagination
sal	sal-	salt	desalinate, desalination, salami, salary, saline, salinity, salsa, sauce, saucisson, sausage
sanguis	sanguin-	blood	consanguineous, sangfrois, sanguinaceous, sanguinary, sanguine
sanus	san-	sound	insane, insanity, sanatorium, sane, sanity
saxum	sax-	rock	saxatile, saxicavous, saxicoline, saxifrage, saxifragous
sēdecim	sēdecim-	sixteen	sedecimal
sēdēnī	sēdēn-	sixteen each	sedenion
semen	semin-	seed	disseminate, dissemination, disseminative, disseminator, disseminule, inseminate, insemination, semen, seminal, seminar, seminarian, seminary, seminiferous, seminific, seminivorous, seminose
semis	semi-	half	semiannual, semicolon, semiconductor, semiconscious, seminatural
senex	sen-	old man	senate, senator, senile, senility, senior, seniority
seni	sen-	six each	senary
septem	sept-	seven	septangular, September, septemfid, septemfluous, septemvir, septennial, septifarious, septilateral, septinsular, septireme, septivalent, septuple, septuplet, septuplicate
septeni	septen-	seven each	septenary
septimus	septim-	seventh	septimal, septime
sex	sex-	six	semester, sexangle, sexangular, sexavalent, sexennial, sexennium, sexireme, sexivalent, sexpartite, sexradiate, sextain, sextuple, sextuplet
sexageni	sexagen-	sixty each	sexagenarian, sexagenary
sexagesimus	sexagesim-	sixtieth	sexagesimal
sextus	sext-	sixth	bissextile, bissextus, semisextile, sestet, sestina, Sext, sextain, sextan, sextans, sextant, sextary, sextic, sextile, sextillion, siesta, sixte
†sextula	sextul-	sixth
sibilus	sibil-	hiss	assibilate, assibilation, persiflage, sibilance, sibilant, sibilate, sibilation, sibilous
siccus • siccior	sicc-	dry	demi-sec, desiccant, desiccation, exsiccant, exsiccate, exsiccation, exsiccator, exsiccatum, sec, siccant, siccation, siccative, siccific
sidus	sider-	constellation	consider, considerable, considerate, consideration, desiderate, desideration, desiderative, desideratum, desideria, desirability, desirable, desire, Desiree, inconsiderable, inconsiderate, inconsideration, reconsider, reconsideration, sidereal
signum	sign-	mark, sign	adsignify, assign, assignable, assignat, assignation, assignee, assignment, consign, consignable, consignation, consignee, consignment, cosign, cosignatory, countersign, countersignal, countersignature, design, designate, designation, designative, designator, designatory, designee, ensign, insignia, insignificance, insignificant, nonsignatory, re-sign, reassign, reassignment, redesign, redesignate, redesignation, reseal, resealable, resign, resignation, sain, seal, sealable, sealant, sigil, sigillary, sigillate, sigla, sign, signaculum, signage, signal, signalment, signate, signation, signatory, signature, signee, signet, significance, significant, signification, significative, significavit, signum
†sigillum	sigill-	mark, sign
silva	silv-	forest	silvan, silviculture
similis	simil-	like	assimilate, assimilation, similar, similarity, simile, similitude, verisimilitude
sincerus	sincer-		insincere, insincerity, sincere, sincerity
singulus	singul-	one each	single, singularity, singulation, singulative
sinister	sinistr-	left	sinister, sinistral
sinus	sinu-	curve	insinuation, sine, sinus, sinuose, sinuosity, sinuous
soccus	socc-	slipper	sock
†socculus	soccul-	slipper	sock
socius, socia	soci-		associate, association, associative, consociate, consociation, consociational, disassociate, disassociation, dissociable, dissocial, dissociate, dissociation, dissociative, interassociation, nonassociative, sociability, sociable, social, sociality, sociative, societal, society
sol	sol-	sun	circumsolar, extrasolar, insolate, insolation, solar, solarium, soliform, soliscence, solstice, subsolar
solidus	solid-		nonsolid, quasisolid, semisolid, sol, solder, soldier, soldiery, soldo, solid, solidarity, solidary, solidification, solidity, solidus, sou
solium	soli-	seat	soil, soilure, subsoil
solum, solea	sol-	bottom	aridisol, entresol, inceptisol, insole, sole (fish), sole (foot), soleus, solifluxion, solum
solus	sol-	alone, only	desolate, desolation, desolatory, saudade, sole, soliloquy, solitaire, solitary, solitude, solitudinarian, solitudinous, solivagous, solo, sullen
somnium	somni-	dream	somnial
somnus	somn-	sleep	insomnia, somnifacient, somniferous, somnific, somniloquy, somnolent
sonus	son-	sound	absonant, ambisonic, assonance, assonant, assonate, consonance, consonant, consonous, dissonance, dissonant, inconsonance, inconsonant, infrasonic, infrasound, resonance, resonant, resonate, resound, sonance, sonant, sonnet, sonorant, sonority, soun, sound, subsonic, supersonic, triconsonantal, ultrasonic, ultrasound, unison, unisonal, unisonant, unisonous
sopor	sopor-	deep sleep	sopor, soporific
soror	soror-	sister	cousin, sororal, sororate, sororicide, sorority
sors	sort-	lot	consort, consortial, consortium, sort, sortition, subsort
†sorticula	sorticul-	lot	consort, consortial, consortium, sort, sortition, subsort
spatium	spati-	space	interspace, interspatial, space, spatial, spatiate, subspace
spēs	spēr-	hope	despair, desperado, desperate, desperation, esperance, prosper, prosperity, prosperous
spica	spic-		spica, spicate, spicose, spicosity, spicular, spiculate, spicule, spiculiform
†spiculum	spicul-
spina	spin-	thorn	infraspinate, infraspinatus, interspinal, spinal, spine, spinel, spinescent, spiniferous, spiniform, spinose, spinous
spūma	spūm-	foam	despumate, despumation, spoom, spumante, spume
squāma	squām-	scale	desquamate, desquamation, desquamative, squamate, Squamella, squamiform, squamosal, squamose, squamous, squamule, squamulose, subsquamosal, supersquamosal
†squāmula	squāmul-	scale
squarrōsus	squarrōs-		squarrose, squarrulose
squātina	squātin-	angel shark	Squatina
stagnum	stagn-		restagnant, restagnate, restagnation, stagnancy, stagnant, stagnate, stagnation
stella [note 10]	stell-	star	circumstellar, constellation, interstellar, quasistellar, stellar, stellate, stellation, stelliferous, stelliform, stellula, stellular, substellar
sterilis	steril-		nonsterile, sterilant, sterile, sterility
stilus [note 11]	stil-		stiletto, stiliform, style, stylet, stylus
stimulus	stimul-		costimulation, costimulatory, stimulate, stimulation, stimulative, stimulator, stimulus
stipes	stipit-		etiolate, etiolation, exstipulate, instipulate, stipe, stipel, stipellate, stipes, stipitate, stipitiform, stipular, stipule, stubble
†stipella	stipell-
†stipula	stipul-
stips	stip-		stipend
stiria	stiri-	drop	distill, distilland, distillate, distillation, distillery, stillatitious, stillatory
†stilla	still-	drop
stirps	stirp-		extirpate, extirpation
strēnuus	strenu-		strenuity, strenuous
stria	stri-	furrow	extrastriate, striate, striation, striatum, striature
strix	strig-	owl	strigine, Strix
stuppa	stupp-	tow	stupeous, stupose
stuprum	stupr-		constuprate, constupration
suavis	suav-	sweet	assuage, assuagement, suave, suaviloquent, suaviloquy, suavity
sucus succus	succ-	juice	exsuccous, succulence, succulent
sulcus	sulc-	furrow	bisulcate, bisulcous, sulcal, sulcate, sulcation, sulciform, sulcus, trisulcate
superus • superior • supremus, summus	super- • superior- • suprem-, sum-	over • higher • highest	insuperable, superable • superior, superiority • consummate, sum, summa, summation, summit, summitry, summity, supreme, supremity, supremum
supīnus	supin-		resupinate, resupination, resupine, supinate, supination, supinator, supine, supinity
sūra	sur-	calf	sural
surdus	surd-	deaf	absurd, absurdity, surd
sūrus	sur-	branch	surculate, surculose
†sūrculus	surcul-	branch	surculate, surculose
sūs	su-	sow	suid, Suidae
susurrus	susurr-		susurrant, susurrate, susurration, susurrous
taberna	tabern-		tabernacle, tabernacular, tavern
tabernaculum	tabernacul-		tabernacle, tabernacular, tavern
tabes	tab-		tabefaction, tabes, tabescence, tabescent, tabid
tabula	tabul-	board	tabellion, table, tablet, tabular, tabulate, tabulation, tabulator
†tabella	tabell-	board
taedium	taedi-		tediosity, tedium
tardus	tard-	slow	retard, retardation, tardy
templum	templ-	temple	templar, template
tempus	tempor-	time	contemporaneous, contemporary, extemporaneous, tempest, tempo, temporal, temporaneous, temporary
tenuis	tenu-	thin	attenuant, attenuate, attenuation, attenuator, extenuate, extenuation, tenuate, tenuifolious, tenuis, tenuity, tenuous
terminus	termin-	boundary	coterminous, determinable, determinant, determinate, determination, determinative, determinator, determine, exterminate, extermination, indeterminable, indeterminate, interminable, terminal, terminate, termination, terminative, terminator
terni	tern-	three each	tern, ternary, ternate, ternion
terra	terr-	dry land, earth	atterration, circumterrestrial, disinter, disinterment, extraterrestrial, extraterritorial, extraterritoriality, inter, interment, parterre, reinter, reinterment, souterrain, subterrane, subterranean, terrace, terracotta, terrain, terran, terrane, terraqueous, terrarium, terrene, terreplein, terrestrial, terricolous, terrier, terrigenous, territorial, territoriality, territory, terroir, tureen
tertius	terti-	third	sesquitertian, sesterce, subtertian, Terce, tercet, tercine, tertial, tertian, tertiary, tertiate, tierce
testis	test-	witness	attest, attestable, attestation, attestator, contest, contestable, contestant, contestation, counter-protest, detest, detestable, detestation, incontestability, incontestable, intestable, intestacy, intestate, obtest, obtestation, protest, Protestant, protestation, protestator, testacy, testament, testamentary, testamur, testate, testation, testator, testatrix, testicle, testicond, testicular, testiculate, testimonial, testimonium, testimony
titulus	titul-	title	disentitle, disentitlement, entitle, entitlement, intertitle, nontitle, retitle, subtitle, tilde, titular, titulary, titulus
tōtus	tōt-	all, whole	factotum, subtotal, total, totality, totipotent
trēs	tri-	three	trammel, trellis, trey, triangle, triceps, triennial, trillion, triolet, triple, triplet, triplicate, triquetra, triquetrous, triradiate, trireme, triumvirate, trivia
tribus	trib-		attributable, attribute, attribution, attributive, contribute, contribution, contributive, contributor, contributory, deattribute, deattribution, distributable, distributary, distribute, distribution, distributive, distributor, equidistribution, intertribal, nondistributive, redistribute, redistribution, retribute, retribution, retributive, subtribe, tribal, tribe, tribunal, tribune, tributary, tribute
tricae	tric-	tricks	extricable, extricate, extrication, inextricable, intricacy, intricate, intrigant, intrigue, treacherous, treachery, trickery
trīgēsimus	trīgēsim-	thirtieth	trigesimal
trīnī	trīn-	three each	nontrinitarian, trinal, trinary, trine, Trinidad, Trinitarian, trinity
tubus	tub-	tube	intubate, intubation, tubal, tubate, tube, tubicolous, tubicorn, tubiform, tubular, tubulate, tubule
†tubulus	tubul-	tube
turba	turb-		disturb, disturbance, nonperturbative, perturb, perturbance, perturbation, perturbative, trouble, troublous, turbid, turbidity, turbinate, turbine, turbulence, turbulent
†turbula	turbul-
tussis	tuss-	cough	pertussis, tussive
ūber	ūber-	udder	exuberance, exuberant, exuberate, uberous, uberty
ulcus	ulcer-	sore	nonulcerous, ulcer, ulcerate, ulceration, ulcerative, ulcerous
†ulcusculum	ulcuscul-	sore
ulmus	ulm-	elm	Ulmaceae, ulmaceous, ulmic, Ulmus
ulter • ulterior • ultimus	ultr- • ulterior- • ultim-	– • farther • farmost, farthest	– • ulterior, ulteriority • penultimate, ultima, ultimate, ultimatum, ultimogeniture
umbra	umbr-	shade, shadow	adumbrate, adumbration, inumbrate, penumbra, umbrage, umbrageous, umbrella
†umbella	unbell-	shade, shadow
uncia	unci-	twelfth	inch, ounce, quincuncial, uncial
uncus	unc-	hook	unciform, Uncinaria, uncinate, Uncinia
unda	und-	wave	abound, abundance, abundant, inundate, redound, redundancy, redundant, superabound, superabundance, superabundant, surround, undulant, undulate, undulation, undulatory, undulose
undecim	undecim-	eleven	undecimarticulate
undeni	unden-	eleven each	undenary
unguis	ungu-	claw, hoof	ungual, unguiferous, unguiform, ungular, ungulate
†ungula	ungul-	claw, hoof	ungual, unguiferous, unguiform, ungular, ungulate
ūnus	ūn-	one	adunation, biunique, coadunate, coadunation, disunite, disunity, malunion, nonuniform, nonuniformity, nonunion, nonunique, nonunity, onion, reunification, reunion, reunite, triune, unanimity, unanimous, unary, unate, unicorn, unific, unification, uniform, uniformity, union, unique, unite, unity
†ūllus [note 12]	ūll-	one
urbs	urb-	city	conurbation, interurban, suburb, suburban, urban, urbane
ursus	urs-	bear	ursine, Ursus
uterus	uter-	womb	extrauterine, transuterine, uterine, uterus
†uterculus	utercul-	womb	extrauterine, transuterine, uterine, uterus
ūva	uv-	grape	uvea, uveal, uvula, uvular
†ūvula	uvul-	grape	uvea, uveal, uvula, uvular
uxor	uxōr-	wife	uxorial, uxoricide, uxorilocal, uxorious
vacca	vacc-	cow	vaccary, vaccination, vaccine, vaquero
vacuus	vacu-	empty	avoid, avoidable, avoidance, devoid, evacuate, evacuee, vacuole, vacuous, vacuum, void, voidable, voidance
vadum	vad-	ford	vadose
vāgīna	vāgīn-	sheath	extravaginal, invaginate, invagination, transvaginal, vagina, vaginal, vanilla
vagus	vag-	wandering	astray, evagation, extravagance, extravagant, extravaganza, extravagate, stray, vagabond, vagary, vagile, vague, vagus
valgus	valg-	bow-legged	valgus
valles vallis	val-	valley	valley, vale, valles, vallis
vallum	vall-	rampart	circumvallate, circumvallation, contravallation, interval, multivallate, vallar, vallate, vallation, vallum
valva	valv-		bivalve, valvate, valve
vanus	van-	empty, vain	evanesce, evanescence, evanescent, evanish, vaniloquence, vanish, vanitas, vanity, vaunt
varius	vari-	varying	bivariate, contravariance, contravariant, countervair, covariance, covariant, covariate, covariation, intervarietal, invariable, invariance, invariant, miniver, multivariable, multivariate, subvariety, univariate, vair, vairy, variability, variable, variance, variant, variate, variation, variational, variegate, variegation, variegator, varietal, variety, variform, variola, variolation, variorum, various, vary
vās	vās-	vessel	extravasate, extravasation, extravascular, intravasate, intravasation, intravascular, vas, vasal, vascular, vasculature, vasculose, vasculum, vase, vasiform, vasoconstriction
†vāscellum	vāscell-
†vāsculum	vāscul-
vassus	vass-	servant	valet, varlet, vassal, vassalage
†vassallus	vassall-	servant	valet, varlet, vassal, vassalage
vastus	vast-	empty	devastate, devastation, vast, vastitude, vastity, wastage, waste
vellus	veller-	fleece	vellus
velox • velocior • velocissimus	veloc-	quick, swift	velocipede, velociraptor, velocity
vēlum	vēl-	sail, veil	reveal, revelation, revelator, revelatory, velamen, velar, velate, veliger, velum, vexil, vexillary, vexillation, vexillum, voile
†vēxillum	vēxill-	flag
vēna	vēn-	vein	devein, intravenous, vein, veinlet, venae cavae, venation, venational, venesection, venipuncture, venisection, venose, venosity, venous, venular, venule, venulose
†venula	venul-	vein
venēnum	venēn-		envenomation, venenation, venenose, venom, venomous
venter	ventr-	belly	eventration, interventricular, subventricular, supraventricular, ventral, ventricle, ventricular, ventriloquy
ventus	vent-	wind	ventage, ventail, ventilate, ventilation, ventilator, ventilatory, ventose, ventosity
†ventulus	ventul-	wind
venum	ven-		venal, venality, vend
venus	vener-	desire	venerable, venereal
vērātrum	vērātr-	hellebore	veratridine, veratrine, Veratrum
verbum	verb-	word	adverb, adverbial, proverb, proverbial, verbal, verbatim, verbiage, verbicide, verbid, verbose, verbosity
vermis	verm-	worm	vermeil, vermian, vermicelli, vermicide, vermicular, vermiculate, vermiculation, vermicule, vermiculite, vermiculose, vermiculture, vermiform, vermifuge, vermilion, vermin, verminate, vermination, verminous, vermiparous, vermivore, vermivorous
†vermiculus	vermicul-	worm
vernus	vern-	spring	vernal
vērus	ver-	true	veracious, veracity, verify, verisimilitude, veritable, verity,
vespa	vesp-	wasp	vespacide
vesper	vesper-	evening	vespertine
vestigium	vestig-	trace, track	investigate, vestige, vestigial
vestis	vest-	clothing	circumvest, disinvest, disinvestment, divest, divestiture, divestment, invest, investiture, investment, reinvest, reinvestment, revest, revet, revetment, transvestite, travesty, vest, vestment, vesture
vetus	veter-	old	inveteracy, inveterate, inveteration, veteran, veterovata
via	vi-	way	bivial, bivious, bivium, convey, conveyance, convoy, deviance, deviant, deviate, deviation, devious, envoy, impervious, invoice, nontrivial, obviate, obviation, obvious, pervious, previous, quadrivial, quadrivium, semipervious, trivial, triviality, trivium, via, viaduct, vialis, viary, viatical, viaticum, viator, voyage, voyageur
viceni	vicen-, vigen-	twenty each	vicenarian, vicenary
vīcēsimus	vīcēsim-	twentieth	vicesimary, vicesimate, vicesimation, vigesimal
vicis	vic-	change	subvicar, vicar, vicarage, vicarial, vicariance, vicariant, vicariate, vicarious, viceroy, vicissitude, vicissitudinous, viscount, viscountess
vicus	vic-		vicinage, vicinal, vicine, vicinity
vīgēsimus	vīgēsim-	twentieth	septemvigesimal, vigesimal
vīgintī	vīgint-	twenty	vigintillion, vigintisexviri, vigintivirate, vigintiviri
vīlis • vilior • vilissimus	vīl-	cheap, vile	revile, revilement, vile, vilification, vilify, vilipend
vīlla	vīll-	country house	demivill, intervillage, supervillain, supervillainess, vill, villa, village, villain, villainess, villainous, villainy, villanelle, villatic, ville, villein, villeinage
†vīllula	vīllul-	country house
villus	vill-	shaggy hair	intervillous, velour, velvet, villiform, villose, villosity, villous, villus
vindex	vindic-		avenge, revanche, revenge, vendetta, vengeance, vindicable, vindicate, vindication, vindicator, vindicatory, vindictive
vinum	vin-	wine	vignette, vine, viniculture, vinosity
vir	vir-	man (masculine)	quadrumvirate, triumvirate, virago, virile, virility, virtue
virga	virg-	rod, twig	virga, virgate, virgule
viscus	viscer-	internal organ	eviscerate, visceral, viscus
vita	vit-	life	revitalize, viable, vital, vitality, vitamin
vitium	viti-		vice, vicious, vitiate
vitrum	vitr-	glass	vitreous, vitriol
viverra	viverr-	ferret	viverrid, viverrine
vola	vol-	palm	volar
vox	vōc-	voice	advocacy, advocate, advowson, avocate, avocation, avoke, avouch, avouchment, avow, avowal, avowance, avowant, avowry, convocation, convoke, devoice, disavouch, disavow, disavowal, disavowance, equivocal, equivocation, equivocator, invocation, irrevocable, nonvocal, prevocalic, provocation, revocable, revocation, revoice, revoke, sub voce, univocal, univocalic, univocity, vocable, vocabulary, vocal, vocalic, vocality, vocation, vocational, vocative, vociferant, vociferous, voice, voiceprint, vouch, voucher, vouchment, vouchsafe, vowel
†vōcula	vōcul-	voice
vulgus	vulg-	crowd	divulge, vulgar, vulgarity, vulgate
vulnus	vulner-	wound	invulnerability, invulnerable, vulnerability, vulnerable, vulnerary, vulnerose
vulpēs	vulp-	fox	vulpecular, vulpicide, vulpine
†vulpēcula	vulpēcul-	fox	vulpecular, vulpicide, vulpine
Citation form	Declining stem	Meaning	English derivatives

Key
†	Diminutive

Contracted from axilla
Contracted from ad and bet-
Contracted from cernimen
Contracted from figibula
for flagma
Contracted from jūs and dicō
Contracted from lucimen
Contracted from luc-
Contracted from ne- and cedō
for sterula
Contracted from stiglus
Contracted from ūnulus

Verbs

In some Latin verbs, a preposition caused a vowel change in the root of the verb. For example, "capiō" prefixed with "in" becomes "incipio".

Latin verbs
Citation form	Present stem	Perfect stem	Participial stem	Meaning	English derivatives
aceō	ac-	acu-	–	be sour	acescent, acid, acidity, peracid
‡acescō	acesc-	acu-	–	become sour	acescent, acid, acidity, peracid
agō -igō	ag- -ig-	ēg-	āct-	act, drive	abaction, abactor, act, actant, actio, action, actionable, actionary, activate, activation, activator, active, activity, actor, actual, actuality, actuarial, actuary, actuate, actuation, actuator, actuose, agenda, agency, agent, agentive, agible, agile, agility, agitate, agitation, agitative, agitato, agitator, ambages, ambaginous, ambagious, ambiguity, ambiguous, assay, castigate, castigation, coact, coaction, coactive, coagency, coagent, coagment, coagmentation, coagulant, coagulate, coagulation, coagulum, cogency, cogent, cogitability, cogitable, cogitabund, cogitate, cogitation, cogitative, cogitator, compurgation, counteract, counteraction, counteragent, counterreaction, deactivate, deactivation, disambiguate, disambiguation, enact, enactment, enactor, entracte, essay, exact, examen, examine, excogitate, exigency, exigent, expurgate, fumigate, fumigation, inaction, inactive, indagate, indefatigable, inexact, interact, interaction, interactive, interagency, intransigent, litigate, mitigate, navigate, peract, precogitation, proactive, prodigality, prodigence, purgament, purgation, purgative, purgatory, purge, react, reaction, reactionary, reactive, reactor, reagent, redact, redaction, reenact, reenactment, reenactor, reexamine, retroact, retroaction, retroactive, subact, subaction, transact, transaction, transactional, transactivation, transactivator, variegate, variegation
†agitō	agit-	agitav-	agitat-	act, drive
alō	al- -ol- -ul-	alu-	alit- alt-	nourish	adolescence, adolescent, adult, alible, aliment, alimental, alimentary, alimentation, alimonious, alimony, alma mater, altar, altiloquent, altissimo, altitude, altitudinal, alto, altricial, alumnus, coalesce, coalescence, coalescent, coalite, coalition, coalitional, contralto, exalt, exaltation
‡alescō	alesc- -olesc-		alit-	nourish
ambulō	ambul-	ambulav-	ambulat-	walk	amble, ambulance, ambulatory, circumambulation, perambulate, preamble
amō	am-	amav-	amat-	like, love	amateur, amatory, amigo, amorous, enamor, paramour
appello	appell-	appellav-	appellat-	call, address	appeal, appellant, appellate, appellation
apō	ap- api- epi-	ap-	apt- -ept-	fasten	adapt, adaptable, adaptation, adaptative, apt, aptate, aptitude, aptitudinal, attitude, attitudinal, inept, ineptitude, maladaptation
†aptō	apt-	aptav-	aptat-	fasten
ārdeō	ārd-	ārs-	ārs-	be on fire, burn	ardency, ardent, ardor, arson
‡ārdescō	ārdesc-	ārs-	–	be on fire, burn	ardency, ardent, ardor, arson
āreō	ār-	–	–	be dry	arefaction, arid, aridification, aridisol, aridity, semiarid, semiaridity
‡ārescō	āresc-	–	–	be dry
arguō	argu-	argu-	argut-	–	arguable, argue, arguendo, arguido, argument, argumentation, argumentative, counterargue, counterargument, inarguable, reargue
†argutō	argut-	-	argutāt-	–
audeō	aud-	aus-	–	be bold, dare	audacious, audacity
audiō	aud-	audīv-	audīt-	hear	audibility, audible, audience, audient, audio, audit, audition, auditive, auditor, auditorium, auditory, clairaudience, clairaudient, disobedience, disobedient, disobey, inaudible, nonobedience, obedience, obedient, obeisance, obey
augeō	aug-	aux-	auct-	increase	auction, auctioneer, auctorial, auctoritas, augend, augment, augmentation, augmentative, august, auteur, author, authoritarian, authoritative, authority, auxiliary, coauthor, multiauthor
†auctō	auct-	-	-
‡augescō	augesc-	-	–
aveō	av-	–	–		avarice, avaricious, avarous, ave, avid, avidity
battuō	battu-	battu-	–	beat	abate, abatement, abattage, abattoir, battalion, battery, battle, battlement, combat, combatant, combative, debatable, debate, embattle, embattlement, noncombat, noncombatant, nondebatable
bibō	bib-	bib-	bibit-	drink	beverage, bib, bibulous, embrue, imbibe, imbrue, imbruement
cadō -cidō	cad- -cid-	cecid-	cas-	fall	accident, accidental, cadaver, cadaverine, cadaverous, cadence, cadent, cadenza, caducous, cascade, case, casual, casualty, casuistry, chance, coincide, coincidence, coincidental, decadence, decadent, decay, deciduous, demicadence, escheat, escheatage, incident, incidental, recidivous, semelincident
caedō	caed- -cid-	cecid-	caes- -cis-	cut	caesura, cement, cementum, chisel, circumcise, circumcision, concise, concision, decide, decision, decisive, deciso, excide, excise, excision, excisional, imprecise, imprecision, incise, incision, incisive, incisor, incisory, incisure, indecision, indecisive, precise, precision, scissors, succise, succision
caleō	cal-	calu-	–	be warm	caldarium, caldera, calefacient, calefaction, calefactive, calefactory, calenture, calescent, calid, calor, calore, calorie, calorifacient, calorific, caudle, cauldron, nonchalance, nonchalant, recalescence, scald
‡calescō	calesc-	calu-	–	be warm
canō	can- -cin-	cecin-	cant- -cent-	sing	accent, accentual, accentuate, accentuation, canción, cant, cantabile, cantata, cantation, cantatory, cantatrice, canticle, canticum, cantiga, cantilena, cantion, canto, cantor, cantus, chanson, chansonnier, chant, chanteur, chanteuse, chanticleer, concent, descant, discant, enchant, enchantment, incantation, incantational, incentive, plainchant, precentor, recant, recantation, succentor
†cantō	cant-	cantav-	cantat-
†cantitō	cantit-	cantitav-	cantitat-
capiō -cipiō	cap- -cup-	cep- -cip-	capt- -cept-	take	accept, acceptable, acceptance, acceptancy, acceptant, acceptation, accipient, anticipate, anticipation, anticipative, anticipatory, capability, capable, capacious, capacitance, capacitate, capacity, capistrate, capstan, captation, caption, captious, captivate, captivation, captive, captivity, captor, capture, case, catch, catchment, chase, conceit, conceivable, conceive, concept, conceptacle, conceptible, conception, conceptional, conceptive, conceptual, contraception, contraceptive, deceit, deceive, deception, deceptive, discept, disceptation, disceptator, emancipate, except, exceptant, exception, exceptional, exceptive, exceptor, excipient, exciple, excipulum, forceps, imperceptible, incapability, incapable, incapacious, incapacitant, incapacitate, incapacitation, incapacity, incept, inception, inceptive, inceptor, incipience, incipient, inconceivable, intercept, interception, interceptor, intussusception, participant, participate, participial, participle, perceive, percept, perceptible, perception, perceptive, percipience, percipient, precept, preception, preceptive, preceptor, preceptory, preceptress, precipient, prince, principal, principality, recapture, receipt, receive, recept, receptacle, receptible, reception, receptive, receptivity, receptor, receptory, recipe, recipience, recipient, recover, recovery, recuperate, susceptible, susception, susceptive, susceptivity, susceptor, suscipiency, suscipient
†captō	capt- -cept-	captav-	captat- -ceptat-	take
careō	car-	caru-	carit-	lack	charity, precarious
carpō -cerpō	carp- -cerp-	carps-	carpt- -cerpt-	pick, pluck	carpe diem, decerp, decerpt, decerption, discerp, discerption, excerpt
cassō	cass-	cassav-	cassat-		cassate, cassation
caveō	cav-	cav-	caut-	beware	caution, cautionary, caveat, precaution, precautionary
cēdō	ced-	cess-	cess-	yield, depart	abscess, abscession, accede, access, accessible, accession, accessory, antecedaneous, antecede, antecedent, antecessor, cease, cessation, cessative, cessavit, cession, circumincession, concede, concession, concessionary, decease, decedent, decession, discede, discession, excedent, exceed, excess, excessive, inaccessible, incessable, incessant, intercede, intercession, nonrecessive, precede, precedent, precession, précis, predecease, predecessor, preprocess, preprocessor, procedural, procedure, proceed, process, procession, processionary, processive, processor, recede, recess, recession, recessionary, recessive, reprocess, retrocede, retrocession, retrocessive, secede, secession, succeed, success, succession, successive, successor
†cessō	cess-	cessav-	cessat-	yield, depart
cēlō -culō	cēl- -cul-	celav-	celat- -cult-	hide	conceal, concealment, occult
cenō	cen-	cenav-	cenat-	dine	cenation, cenatory
ceptō	cept-	ceptav-	ceptat-		discept, disceptation
cernō	cern-	crev-	cret-	separate, sift	decern, decree, discern, discernible, discernment, discrete, excrement, excretion, recrement, secern, secernent, secretion
cieō	ci-	civ-	cit-	–	accite, citation, cite, concitation, concite, excitability, excitable, excitant, excitation, excitative, excite, excitement, incitable, incitant, incitation, incitative, incite, incitement, inexcitable, insouciance, insouciant, irresuscitable, recital, recitation, recitative, recite, resuscitate, resuscitation, solicit, solicitant, solicitation, solicitor, solicitous
†citō	cit-	citav-	citat-	–
cingō	cing-	cinx-	cinct-	encircle, gird	cincture, succinct
clāmō	clām-	clāmāv-	clāmāt-	call	acclaim, acclamation, clamor, declaim, declamation, declamatory, exclaim, exclamation, exclamatory, proclaim, proclamation, reclaim, reclamation
claudō -clōdō	claud- -clōd-	claus-	claus- -clōs-	close	circumclusion, claudin, clause, claustral, claustration, claustrum, clausula, clausure, cloister, closet, closure, cloture, clusivity, conclude, concludent, conclusion, conclusive, conclusory, disclose, disclosure, disclude, disclusion, eclosion, enclose, enclosure, exclaustration, exclude, exclusion, exclusionary, exclusive, exclusivity, exclusory, foreclose, foreclosure, inclose, inclosure, include, inclusion, inclusionary, inclusive, inclusivity, inconclusive, malocclusion, nondisclosure, nonexclusive, noninclusive, nonocclusion, occlude, occludin, occlusion, occlusive, preclude, preclusion, preclusive, predisclose, predisclosure, reclude, recluse, reclusion, reclusive, reclusory, seclude, seclusion, seclusive, sluice, subclause, supraocclusion, transclusion
clinō	clin-	clināv-	clināt-	lean	declension, declensional, declinable, declinate, declination, decline, disinclination, disincline, inclinable, inclination, incline, reclinable, reclinate, reclination, recline
colō	col- cul-	colu-	colt- cult-	till	acculturate, acculturation, agriculture, apiculture, bicultural, colonial, colony, countercultural, counterculture, crosscultural, cult, cultivable, cultivate, cultivation, cultivator, cultural, culturati, culture, deculturate, deculturation, incult, inculturation, inquiline, inquilinity, inquilinous, intercolonial, intercultural, multicultural, postcolonial, precolonial, subcultural, subculture, superculture
cōnor	con-	conat-	–	try	conation, conative, conatus
consulō	consul-	consulu-	consult-	consult	consigliere, consul, consular, consulate, consult, consultancy, consultant, consultation, consultative, consultor, counsel, counselor, preconsultor, proconsul, proconsular, proconsulate
†consultō	consult-	consultāv-	consultāt-	consult
coquō	coqu-	cox-	coct-	cook	biscotto, biscuit, coctile, coction, concoct, concoction, cook, cookery, cuisine, cuisinier, decoct, decoctible, decoction, excoct, excoction, precocial, precocious, quittor, ricotta, superprecocial
cremō	crem-	cremav-	cremat-	burn	cremate, cremation, crematory, incremate
creō	cre-	creāv-	creāt-	make	accresce, accrescence, accrescent, accrete, accretion, accretionary, accretive, accruable, accrual, accrue, accruement, concrement, concrescence, concrescent, concrete, concretion, concretionary, creant, create, creation, creative, creativity, creator, creature, crescence, crescendo, crescent, crew, critter, croissant, decrease, decrement, decremental, decrescence, decrescendo, decrescent, excrescence, excrescent, inconcrete, increase, increment, incremental, increscence, increscent, procreant, procreate, procreation, procreative, procreator, re-create, recruit, recruitment, surcrew
‡crēscō	crēsc-	crēv-	crēt-	grow
cubō	cub-	cubu-	cubāt-	lie	accubation, concubinage, concubine, couvade, covey, cubicle, cubiculum, excubitorium, incubate, incubation, incubational, incubator, incubous, incubus, succubine, succubous, succubus
-cumbō	-cumb-	-cubu-	-cubit-	lie	accumb, accumbency, accumbent, decubitus, decumbency, decumbent, discubitory, discumbency, incumbency, incumbent, recumb, recumbence, recumbent, succumb, succumbent
cupiō	cup-	cupiv-	cupit-	desire	concupiscence, concupiscent, covet, covetable, covetous, cupidinous, cupidity
‡cupiscō	cupisc-	cupiv-	cupit-	desire
currō	curr-	cucurr-	curs-	run	concur, concurrency, concurrent, corsair, courier, course, currency, current, curriculum, cursive, cursor, cursory, curule, decurrent, decursion, discourse, discurrent, discursion, discursive, discursory, discursus, excur, excurrent, excursion, excursive, excursus, extracurricular, incur, incurrent, incursion, incursive, occur, occurrence, occurrent, occursion, parcourse, recourse, recur, recurrent, recursion, recursive, succor, succursal
†cursō	curs-	cursav-	cursat-	run
dicō	dic-	dicav-	dicat-		dedicate, dedication, preach, predicate
dicō	dic-	dix-	dict-	say	addict, addiction, addictive, contradict, contradiction, contradictive, contradictory, dictate, dictation, dictator, dictatorial, diction, dictionary, dictum, edict, indict, indictment, indite, inditement, predict, prediction, predictive, valediction, valedictorian, valedictory
†dictō	dict-	dictav-	dictat-	say
dō	d-	ded- -did-	dat- -dit-	give	add, addend, addendum, addition, additional, additive, dative, dedimus, dedition, edition, editor, editorial, extradition, perdition, reddition, redditive, rendition, surrender, tradition, traditional, traditor
doceō	doc-	docu-	doct-	teach	doctor, doctoral, doctrinal, doctrine, document, documentary, documentation, indoctrinate, indoctrination, postdoctoral
doleō	dol-	dolu-	dolit-	grieve	condole, condolence, condolent, dolent, dolente, dolor, dolorific
dormiō	dorm-	dormiv-	dormit-	sleep	dormitory
dubitō [note 1]	dubit-	dubitāv-	dubitāt-	doubt	dubitable, dubitancy, dubitate, dubitation, dubitative, indubitable, redoubtable
ducō	duc-	dux-	duct-	lead	abduce, abducent, abduction, abductor, adduce, adducent, adduct, adduction, adductor, circumduction, conduce, conducent, conduction, conductive, conductivity, conductor, deduce, deduct, deductible, deduction, deductive, duct, ductile, ductility, ductor, educe, educt, induce, inducement, induct, induction, inductive, inductor, introduce, introduction, introductory, irreducible, nonconductive, produce, product, production, productive, productivity, reduce, reducible, reduction, redux, reintroduction, reproduce, reproduction, reproductive, seduce, seduction, seductive, semiconductor, subduction, superconductivity, superconductor, traduce, traducent, traducian, traduct, traduction
edō	ed-	ed-	es-	eat	edacity, edible, esculent, inedible, obese, obesity
emō -imō	em- -im-	em-	empt-	buy	adempt, ademption, emptor, exempt, exemption, impromptu, nonexempt, preempt, preemption, preemptive, preemptory, prompt, redeem, redemption, redemptive, redemptress, redempture
eō	e-	i-	it-	go	adit, ambient, ambit, ambition, coition, coitus, exeat, exit, intransitive, introit, obituary, preterite, redient, redition, sedition, transient, transit, transition, transitive, transitory
errō	err-	errav-	errat-	stray	errant, errata, erratic, erratum, inerrant
faciō -ficiō	fac- -fic-	fec- -fic-	fact- -fect-	make	affair, affect, affectation, affection, affectional, affectionate, affective, affectivity, aficionado, benefaction, benefactive, benefactor, benefactress, benefic, benefice, beneficence, beneficent, beneficial, beneficiary, beneficiation, biface, bifacial, calefactory, cofactor, cofeature, coinfection, comfit, comfiture, confect, confection, confectionary, confectionery, confecture, confetti, confit, confiture, contrafact, contrafactive, contrafactual, contrafactum, counterfactual, counterfeit, counterfesance, de facto, deface, defacement, defeasance, defeat, defect, defection, defective, defector, deficiency, deficient, deficit, difficile, difficulty, disaffect, disaffection, discomfit, discomfiture, disfeature, disfeaturement, disinfect, disinfectant, disinfection, disqualification, efface, effacement, effect, effectible, effection, effective, effectivity, effector, effectual, effectuality, effectuate, effectuation, efficacious, efficacity, efficacy, efficiency, efficient, enface, enfacement, facade, façade, face, facepalm, faceplant, facet, facette, facial, faciend, facient, facile, facilitate, facilitation, facilitative, facilitator, facilitatory, facility, facinorous, facsimile, fact, faction, factional, factionary, factious, factitious, factitive, factor, factorable, factorial, factory, factotum, factual, facture, facultative, faculty, faitour, fashion, fashionable, feasibility, feasible, feasance, feat, feature, feck, fetish, forfeit, forfeitable, forfeiture, hacienda, imperfect, imperfection, imperfective, indefeasible, ineffective, ineffectual, inefficient, infect, infection, infectious, infective, insufficiency, insufficient, malefaction, malefactor, maleficence, malfeasance, nonfactual, nonfacultative, nonfeasance, nonproficiency, nonprofit, office, official, officiant, officiary, officiate, parfait, perfect, perfectible, perfection, perfective, pluperfect, prefect, prefecture, proficiency, proficient, profit, profiteer, reinfect, remanufacture, resurface, sacrifice, semelfactive, subprefect, subprefecture, subsurface, suffice, sufficiency, sufficient, superficial, superficiality, superficies, surface, surfeit, transfection
†factō	fact- -fect-	factav-	factat- -fectat-	make
fallō	fall-	fefell-	fals-	deceive, be mistaken, fail	default, fail, failure, fallacious, fallacy, fallibility, fallible, false, falsetto, falsidical, falsifiability, falsifiable, falsification, falsify, falsity, falsum, fault, faux, infallibility, infallible, nonfalsifiable
faveō	fav-	favu-	favit-		disfavor, favor, favorable, favorite
fendō	fend-	fend-	fens- -fest-	strike, hit, push	counterdefense, counteroffensive, defend, defense, defensible, defensive, disinfest, fence, fend, fensible, indefensibility, indefensible, infest, infestation, inoffensive, manifest, manifestation, manifesto, offend, offense, offensive, reinfest, reinfestation, reoffend
feō	fe-	-	fet-	–	effeminate, effete, fawn, fecund, fecundate, fecundation, Fecunditas, fecundity, feminacy, feminine, fetal, fetation, feticidal, feticide, fetiparous, fetus, infecund, infecundity, superfecundation, superfecundity, superfetation
ferō [note 2]	fer-	tul-	lāt-	bear, bring	ablate, ablation, ablative, ablator, afferent, allative, aquifer, biferous, cf., circumference, circumferential, circumferentor, collate, collation, collatitious, collative, collator, confer, conference, conferential, conferment, conferral, conifer, coniferous, coreference, coreferent, coreferential, correlate, correlation, correlational, correlative, counteroffer, countertransference, cross-correlation, cross-fertile, decorrelation, defer, deference, deferent, deferential, deferment, deferral, delate, delative, dereference, differ, difference, different, differentia, differentiability, differentiable, differential, differentiate, differentiation, differentiator, dilatory, efference, efferent, elate, elation, elative, equidifferent, fertile, fertility, fortuitous, fortuity, fortunate, fortune, illation, illative, indifference, indifferent, inelative, infer, inferable, inference, inferential, infertile, infertility, insufferable, interconference, interfere, interference, interrelate, interrelation, intraconference, lative, Lucifer, multiferous, nonconference, nonillative, noninterference, nontransference, oblate, oblation, offer, offertory, perlative, postelative, prefer, preferable, preference, preferential, preferment, prelacy, prelate, prelature, prolate, prolation, prolative, proliferous, refer, referee, reference, referendary, referendum, referent, referential, referral, relate, relation, relational, relative, relativity, relator, relatrix, relatum, retransfer, rotifer, semi-differentiability, semi-differentiable, subfertility, sublative, subrelation, suffer, sufferable, sufferance, superlative, transfer, transferability, transferable, transference, transferral, translation, translational, translatitious, translative, translator, vociferate
ferveō	ferv-	–	–	–	defervescence, effervesce, effervescence, effervescent, ferment, fermentation, fervency, fervent, fervescent, fervid, fervor, pre-ferment, perfervid
‡fervescō	fervesc-	–	–	–
fīgō	fīg-	fīx-	fix-	fix	affix, affixation, affixion, antefix, circumfix, circumfixation, crucifix, crucifixion, disfix, fix, fixable, fixate, fixation, fixative, fixity, fixure, infix, infixion, interfix, postfix, prefix, prefixion, simulfix, soffit, subfix, suffix, suffixion, suprafix, transfix, transfixion
findō	find-	fid-	fiss-	cleave, split	bifid, contrafissure, decemfid, diffind, diffission, fissile, fission, fissiped, fissure, fistula, fistular, fistulose, multifid, multifistular, quadrifid, quinquefid, trifid
fingō	fing-	finx-	fict-	fashion, invent	effigy, fiction, fictional, fictive, figment, figurado, figural, figurant, figurate, figuration, figurative, figure, figurine, nonfiction, nonfictional, reconfiguration, reconfigure, refigure, superfiction, transfiguration, transfigure, transfigurement
fiō	fi-	–	–	be made	fiat
flectō	flect-	flex-	flex-	bend	deflect, flexibility, flexible, flexile, flexion, flexor, flexuose, flexure, genuflect, inflect, inflection, inflexible, irreflexive, reflect, reflective, reflector, reflex, reflexion, reflexive, retroreflector
fligō	flig-	flix-	flict-	strike	afflict, affliction, afflictive, conflict, confliction, inflict, infliction, inflictive, profligate
flō	fl-	flav-	flat-	blow	afflation, afflatus, conflate, conflation, deflate, deflation, efflate, efflation, exsufflate, exsufflation, flabellum, flabile, flatulence, flatulent, inflate, inflation, insufflate, insufflation, soufflé, sufflate, sufflation
fluō	flu-	flux-	flux-	flow	affluence, affluent, confluence, diffluence, effluent, efflux, fluency, fluent, fluid, flume, flux, fluxion, influence, influenza, influx, reflux
fodiō	fod-	fod-	foss-	dig	effodient, effossion, fodient, fossa, fossarian, fosse, fossette, fossil, fossiliferous, fossor, fossorial, fossula, fossulate, semifossorial, subfossil, subfossorial
for	fā-	fāt-	–	say, speak	affability, affable, bifarious, confabulate, confabulation, defamation, defamatory, defame, effable, fable, fabular, fabulous, facund, facundious, facundity, famacide, fame, famosity, famous, fanatic, fatal, fatality, fate, fatidic, fatiferous, fetial, ineffability, ineffable, infamous, infamy, infancy, infant, infanticide, infantile, infantry, nefand, nefandous, nefarious, nonfatal, omnifarious, preface, prefatory
forō	for-	forāv-	forāt-	bore	biforate, foramen, foraminate, foraminifer, imperforate, perforate, perforation, transforate
frangō -fringō	frang- -fring-	freg-	fract-	break	birefringence, diffract, diffraction, fractal, fraction, fractional, fracture, fragile, fragility, fragment, fragmentary, frail, infraction, infringe, irrefrangible, refraction, refractive, refractor, refractory, refrain (noun), refrangible, refringent, suffrage
fricō	fric-	fricu-	frict- fricāt-	rub	affricate, affrication, affricative, confrication, fray, frication, fricative, friction, frictional
frīgeō	frīg-	–	–	be cold	frigescent, frigid, frigidarium, frigidity, frigorific, frisson, sangfroid
‡frīgēscō	frīgēsc-	frīx-	–	be cold
frigerō	friger-	–	–		refrigerant, refrigerate, refrigeration, refrigerator
frigō	frig-	frix-	frict-	parch	fritter, fry
friō	fri-	friāv-	friāt-	–	friability, friable, friation
fruor	fru-	fruct-	–	enjoy	fructuary, fructuous, fructus, fruition, infructescence, infructuose, usufruct, usufructuary
fucō	fuc-	fucāv-	fucāt-	–	fucate, infucate, infucation
fugiō	fug-	fug-	fugit-	flee	centrifugal, centrifugation, centrifuge, fugacious, fugacity, fugal, fugato, fugitive, fugue, refuge, refugee, subterfuge, transfuge
†fugitō	fugit-	fugitāv-	fugitāt-	flee
fulciō	fulc-	fuls-	fult-	–	fulcrum
fulgeō	fulg-	fuls-	–	flash	effulgence, effulgent, foudroyant, fulgency, fulgent, fulgid, fulgor, fulminant, fulminate, fulmination
‡fulgescō	fulgesc-	–	–
fundō	fund-	fūd-	fūs-	pour	affusion, circumfuse, circumfusion, confound, confuse, confusion, diffuse, diffusion, diffusive, diffusivity, diffusor, effund, effuse, effusion, effusive, foison, fondant, fondue, found, foundry, funnel, fuse, fusibility, fusible, fusile, fusion, futile, futility, infound, infundibular, infundibuliform, infundibulum, infuse, infusion, infusive, infusoria, infusorian, interfuse, interfusion, nonfusible, nonrefundable, perfuse, perfusion, perfusive, profuse, profusion, profusive, refund, refundable, refusal, refuse, suffuse, suffusion, suffusive, transfund, transfuse, transfusion, transfusive
fungor	fung-	funct-	–	do	bifunctional, bifunctor, cofunctor, defunct, defunction, defunctive, function, functional, functionality, functionary, functor, fungibility, fungible, malfunction, multifunctional, multifunctor, nonfunctional, nonfungible, perfunctory
-fūtō	fut-	futāv-	futāt-	–	confute, irrefutable, refutation, refute
garriō	garr-	garriv-	garrit-	–	garrulity, garrulous
gaudeō	gaud-	gavis-	–	rejoice	enjoy, enjoyment, gaud, gaudery, gaudioso, gaudy, joy, rejoice
gerō	ger-	gess-	gest- -gist-	carry	agger, congeries, congest, congestion, congestive, contragestive, contrasuggestible, countersuggestion, decongest, decongestant, decongestion, decongestive, deregister, deregistration, digest, digestible, digestion, digestive, digestor, egest, egesta, egestion, egestive, enregister, exaggerate, exaggeration, gerund, gerundial, gerundival, gerundive, gest, gestant, gestate, gestation, gestational, gestative, gestatory, gestic, gesticulant, gesticular, gesticulate, gesticulation, gestural, gesture, indigestible, indigestion, ingest, ingestant, ingestible, ingestion, ingestive, jest, nonregistrant, preregister, preregistration, regest, register, registrable, registrant, registrar, registrary, registration, registry, reregister, suggest, suggestibility, suggestible, suggestion, suggestive, verbigeration, vicegerent
†gestō	gest-	gestāv-	gestāt-	carry
gignō	gign-	genu-	genit-	give birth, produce; cause	congenial, congeniality, congenital, disingenuous, engine, engineer, genial, geniality, genie, genital, genitor, geniture, genius, genuine, indigene, indigenous, ingenious, ingénue, ingenuity, ingenuous, multiengine, nongenuine, primogeniture, progenitor, ultimogeniture
gradior -gredior	gradi- -gredi-	gress- -gress-	–	step	aggression, aggressive, aggressor, congress, congression, congressional, congressive, counteraggression, digress, digression, digressive, egress, egression, egressive, gradient, ingredient, ingress, ingressive, introgression, introgressive, nonaggression, progress, progression, progressive, progressivity, regress, regression, regressive, regressivity, regressor, retrogressive, transgress, transgression, transgressive, transgressor
†grassor	grass-	grassāt-	–	step
gruō	gru-	gru-	–	–	congrue, congruence, congruent, congruity, congruous, incongruent, incongruity, incongruous
gustō	gust-	gustāv-	gustāt-	taste	degust, degustate, degustation, gustation, gustative, gustatory
habeō -hibeō	habe- -hibe-	habu-	habit- -hibit-	have	ability, able, debit, debitor, debt, debtor, devoir, disability, disable, due, duty, enable, endeavor, exhibit, exhibition, exhibitor, habeas corpus, habile, habilitate, hability, habit, habitable, habitance, habitant, habitat, habitation, habitator, habitual, habituate, habituation, habitude, habitudinal, inability, indubitable, inhabile, inhabit, inhabitable, inhabitant, inhabitation, inhibit, inhibition, inhibitory, prebend, prebendary, prohibit, prohibition, prohibitive, prohibitory, provender, rehabilitant, rehabilitate, rehabilitation, rehabilitative, rehabilitator
†habitō	habit-	habitāv-	habitāt-
habitūriō	habitūr-	-	-
haereō	haer-	haes-	haes-	cling, stick	adhere, adherence, adherend, adherent, adhesion, adhesive, cohere, coherence, coherent, cohesion, cohesive, decoherence, hesitancy, hesitant, hesitate, hesitation, hesitator, incoherency, incoherent, inhere, inherency, inherent, inhesion, nonadherence, nonadherent, nonadhesive, quasicoherent
†haesitō	haesit-	haesitāv-	haesitāt-
‡haerescō	haeresc-	-	–
halō	hal- -hel-	halāv-	halāt-	breathe	anhelation, anhele, anhelous, exhalable, exhalant, exhalation, exhale, halitus, inhalant, inhalation, inhale
hauriō	hauri-	haus-	haust-	draw	exhaust, exhaustible, exhaustion, exhaustive, hauriant, haurient, haustellate, haustellum, haustorium, haustrum, inexhaustible, nonexhaustive
hiō	hi-	hiāv-	hiāt-	gape	dehisce, dehiscence, dehiscent, hiatal, hiatus, indehiscence, indehiscent, inhiation
‡hiscō	hisc-	–	–	gape
iaceō	iac-	iacu-	jacit-	be thrown, lie	adjacent, circumjacent, nonadjacent, subjacent, superjacent
iaciō -iciō	iac-	iec- (j)ic-	jact- -ject-	throw	abject, adjectival, adjective, conjectural, conjecture, deject, dejection, disject, disjection, ejaculate, ejaculation, ejaculatory, eject, ejecta, ejection, ejective, ejectment, ejector, inject, injection, injective, injector, interject, interjection, interjectional, interjector, interjectory, introject, introjection, introjective, jactation, jactitation, jaculate, jaculation, jaculator, jaculatory, jaculiferous, jet, jetsam, jettison, jetty, jut, jutty, nonobjective, object, objectification, objection, objectionable, objective, objectivity, objector, parget, project, projectile, projection, projective, projector, reject, rejectamenta, rejection, subject, subjection, subjective, subjectivity, subjicible, surjection, surjective, traject, trajectile, trajection, trajectory, trijet
†jactō	jact- -ject-	–	jactāt-
†jactitō	jactit-	–	jactitāt-
īciō, īcō	īc-	īc-	īct-	strike	ictal, ictic, ictus, interictal, postictal
irāscor [note 3]	irāsc-	irāt-	–	be angry	irascible, irate
iungō	iung-	īunx-	īunct-	join	join
juvō	juv-	juv-	jut-	help	adjument, adjutant, adjutor, adjutory, adjutrix, coadjutant, coadjutor, injucundity, jocund, jocundity
†jutō	jut-	-	-	help
labor [note 4]	lāb-	lāps-	–	slide, slip	antelapsarian, collapse, collapsible, elapse, illapse, infralapsarian, labile, lability, lapsarian, lapse, postlapsarian, prelapsarian, prolapse, relapse, sublapsarian, supralapsarian
†lapsō	laps-	–	–	slide, slip
laciō -liciō	lac- -lic-	-licu-	– -lect-	lure	allect, allectation, alliciency, allicient, delectable, delectation, delicious, delight, dilettante, elicit, illicit, illicium, lace
†lectō	lect-	lectāv-	lectāt-	lure
laedō -lidō	laed- -lid-	laes- -lis-	laes- -lis-	hurt	allision, collide, collision, contralesional, elide, elidible, elision, illesive, ipsilesional, lesion, lesional
langueō	langu-	–	–		languid, languish, languor
laudō	laud-	laudāv-	laudāt-	praise	illaudable, laud, laudable, laudanum, laudation, laudator, laudatory, lauds
lavō	lav-	lav-	laut-, lot-	wash	latrine, lavatory, loment, lotion, loture
lēgō	lēg-	legav-	legat-	send	allege, delegate, delegation, relegation
legō -ligō	leg- -lig-	leg-	lect-	choose, gather, read	collect, collectible, collection, collective, collector, diligence, diligent, elect, election, elective, elector, eligibility, eligible, illegible, ineligible, lectionary, lector, lecture, legend, legendary, legible, neglect, negligence, negligent, select, selection, selective, selector
leō	l-	–	let- -lit-		delete, deletion, delible, indelible
libō	lib-	libav-	libat-	pour	libament, libation
libō	lib-	–	libit-	please	libido
liceō	lic-	-	licit-	–	licence, licit, licitation
†licitō	licit-	licitav-	licitat-	–	licence, licit, licitation
ligō	lig-	ligav-	ligat-	bind	ligament, ligature, obligation
linquō	linqu-	liqu-	lict-	abandon	delict, delinquent, derelict, dereliction, relict, reliction, relinquish, reliquary
liveō	liv-	–	–		livid, livor
locō	loc-	locav-	locat-	place, put	allocate, allocation, collocate, collocation, locate, location, locational, locative, locator, relocate, relocation
loquor	loqu-	locūt-	–	speak	allocution, allocutive, circumlocution, collocution, collocutor, colloquial, colloquium, colloquy, elocutio, elocution, eloquence, eloquent, grandiloquent, illocution, interlocutor, interlocutory, locution, loquacious, loquacity, loquitur, oblocutor, obloquy, perlocutionary, ventriloquy
luceō	luc-	lux-	–	be light, shine	lucent, pellucid
luctor	luct-	luctat-	–	wrestle	reluctance, reluctant
lūdō	lūd-	lūs-	lūs-	play	allude, allusion, allusive, collude, collusion, collusive, delude, delusion, delusional, delusive, delusory, disillusion, elude, elusion, elusive, illude, illusion, illusive, illusory, interlude, ludicrous, prelude
luō	lu-	lu-	lut-	wash	abluent, ablution, dilute, elution, pollution
maneō	man-	mans-	mans-	stay	immanence, immanent, impermanence, impermanent, maisonette, manor, manorial, manse, mansion, ménage, menagerie, menial, meiny, messuage, nonpermanence, nonpermanent, permanence, permanent, quasipermanent, remain, remainder, remanence, remanent, remnant, semipermanent
mānō	mān-	mānāv-	mānāt-	flow	emanant, emanate, emanation, immanation
meō	me-	meāv-	meāt-	go, pass	immeability, impermeability, impermeable, interpermeate, irremeable, meatal, meatus, permeability, permeable, permeance, permeant, permease, permeate, permeation, semipermeable, suprameatal
mergō	merg-	mers-	mers-	dip	demerge, demersal, demerse, demersion, emerge, emergence, emergency, emergent, emersion, immerge, immergence, immerse, immersible, immersion, immersive, merge, reemerge, reemergence, reimmerse, submerge, submergence, submerse, submersible, submersion
migrō	migr-	migrāv-	migrāt-		countermigration, emigrant, emigrate, emigration, émigré, immigrant, immigrate, immigration, migrant, migrate, migration, migrational, migratory, nonmigratory, remigrant, remigrate, remigration, transmigrant, transmigrate, transmigration, transmigratory
minuō	minu-	minu-	minūt-	lessen	comminute, comminution, comminutor, diminish, diminishment, diminuendo, diminution, diminutive, émincé, menu, mince, minuend, minute, minutiae
misceō	misc-	miscu-	mixt-	mix	admix, admixtion, admixture, commix, commixture, immiscibility, immiscible, immix, immixture, intermix, intermixture, maslin, meddle, mestizo, Métis, miscellanea, miscellaneous, miscellany, miscibility, miscible, mix, mixture, permiscible, permix, permixtion, postmix, premix, promiscuity, promiscuous, remix
mittō	mitt-	mīs-	miss-	send	admissibility, admissible, admission, admissive, admit, commissar, commissariat, commissary, commission, commissure, commit, commitment, committal, committee, compromise, decommission, decommit, demise, demiss, demit, dismiss, dismissal, dismissive, emissary, emission, emissitious, emissive, emissivity, emit, emittent, impermissible, inadmissible, intermission, intermittent, intromissible, intromission, intromissive, intromit, intromittent, manumission, manumit, mess, message, messenger, missile, mission, missionary, missive, mittimus, noncommittal, omission, omit, permissible, permission, permissive, permit, permittee, premise, premiss, premit, pretermission, pretermit, promise, promissive, promissory, readmission, readmit, recommit, remise, remiss, remissible, remission, remissive, remissory, remit, remittal, remittance, remittee, remittence, remittent, remittitur resubmit, retransmission, retransmit, subcommittee, submission, submissive, submit, surmise, transmissibility, transmissible, transmission, transmissive, transmit
molō	mol-	molu-	molit-	grind	demolition, emolument, molar
moneō	mon-	monu-	monit-	warn	admonish, admonition, admonitory, monition, monitor, monitory, monument, monumental, premonition
monstrō	monstr-	monstrav-	monstrat-	show	demonstrable, demonstrant, demonstrate, demonstration, demonstrative, demonstrator, demonstratory, remonstrant, remonstrate, remonstration, remonstrative
moveō	mov-	mōv-	mōt-	move	admove, amotion, amove, bimotor, cocommutator, commotion, commove, commutable, commutation, commutative, commutativity, commutator, commute, countermotion, countermove, countermovement, demote, demotion, emotion, emotional, emotive, emotivity, emove, equimomental, immobile, immutable, immutation, immute, incommutable, locomotion, locomotive, mobile, mobility, molt, moment, momental, momentaneous, momentary, momentous, momentum, motation, motif, motile, motility, motion, motional, motivate, motivation, motivational, motivator, motive, motor, moult, movant, move, movement, movent, mutability, mutable, mutate, mutation, mutineer, mutinous, mutiny, mutual, mutuality, noncommutative, noncommutativity, nonmotile, nonmotility, nonmutual, pari-mutuel, permutable, permutate, permutation, permutational, permute, promote, promotion, promotional, promotive, promotor, promove, remote, remotion, removal, remove, subpermutation, transmove, transmutable, transmutate, transmutation, transmute, transmutual, trimotor
†mōtō	mōt-	motāv-	motāt-
†mūtō	mūt-	mutāv-	mutāt-
narrō [note 5]	narr-	narrāv-	narrāt-	tell	counternarrative, narration, narrative, narrator
nascor	nāsc-	nat- gnat-	–	be born	adnascent, adnate, adnation, agnate, agnatic, agnation, binational, cognate, cognation, connascence, connascent, connate, connation, connatural, denature, enascent, enate, enation, impregnate, innate, international, multinational, nada, naïf, naissant, naïve, nascency, nascent, natal, natality, nation, national, nationality, native, nativity, natural, naturality, nature, née, nonnative, postnatal, pregnancy, pregnant, prenatal, preternatural, renaissance, renaissant, renascence, renascent, renature, subnational, supernatural, supranational, transnational, transnationality
natō	nat-	natav-	natat-	float, swim	natatorium
necō	nec-	necāv-	necāt-	kill	enecate, internecine
nectō	nect-	nexu-	nex-	join, tie	adnexum, annectent, annex, annexation, annexion, connect, connexion, deannexation, disconnect, interconnect, nexus, reconnect
nōscō -gnōscō	nōsc- -gnōsc-	nosc-	nōt- -gnōt-, -gnit-	know	acquaint, acquaintance, agnition, agnize, cognition, cognitive, ignoble, nobility, noble, notice, notion, recognition, reconnaissance, reconnoiter
notō	not-	notāv-	notāt-	mark	annotation, annotator, connotation, connotational, connotative, connote, denotation, denotational, denotative, denotatum, denote, nondenotative, nonnotable, nonnotational, notability, notable, notary, notate, notation, notational
nuntiō	nunt-	nuntiav-	nuntiat-	bring news of, announce	announce, annunciation, denunciation, renounce, renunciation
nutriō	nutr-	nutriv-	nutrit-	nourish	innutrition, malnourish, malnourishment, malnutrition, nonnutritional, nourish, nourishment, nurse, nurturance, nurture, nutrient, nutriment, nutrition, nutritional, nutritious
ōdi	od-	–	–	hate	annoy, annoyance, ennui, odious, odium
oleō	ol-	olu-	–	smell	olfactory, olid, redolence, redolent
operiō	oper-	operu-	opert-	cover	cover, covert, curfew, discover, discovert, discoverture, discovery, operculum, rediscover
optō	opt-	optav-	optat-	choose	adopt, adoptive, coopt, cooptation, opt, optation, optative
ordior	ord-	ors-	–	begin	exordium, primordial, primordium
orior	ori-	ort-	–	rise	abort, abortion, abortive, disorient, disorientation, orient, oriental, orientation
palleō	pall-	pallu-	–	be pale	pallid, pallor
pandō	pand- -pend-	pand-	pans- -pess-	spread	compass, dispand, dispansion, encompass, expand, expanse, expansion, expansive, pace, repand
pangō -pingō	pang- -ping-	pepig-	pact-	fasten	compact, compaction, compactor, compinge, counterpropaganda, impact, impaction, impactive, impinge, impingement, propaganda, propagate, propagation
pareō	par-	paru-	parit-	be ready	apparent, apparition, appear, appearance, disappear, disappearance, disparition, semitransparent, transparency, transparent
pariō	par- -per-	peper-	part- -pert-		antepartum, biparous, deiparous, fissiparity, multiparous, nonparental, nullipara, nulliparity, nulliparous, oviparity, oviparous, parent, parental, parity, parturiency, parturient, parturifacient, parturition, pluriparous, postpartum, primipara, primiparous, repertoire, repertory, semelparity, semelparous, uniparous, vivipary, viviparous
parturiō	partur-	parturiv-	parturit-
parō	par- -per-	parav- -perav-	parat- -perat-	make ready	apparat, apparatus, disparate, disrepair, dissever, disseverance, emperor, empery, empire, empress, imperant, imperative, imperator, imperious, inseparable, irreparable, parade, pare, parry, preparation, preparative, preparatory, prepare, repair, reparable, reparation, reparative, separable, separate, separation, separator, sever, severable, several, severance
pascō	pasc-	pav-	past-	feed	antepast, antipasto, pastern, pastor, pastorage, pastoral, pastorale, pastorate, pastorium, pasturage, pastural, pasture, repast, repasture
pateō	pat-	patu-	–	be open	patefaction, patella, patellar, patelliform, patency, patent
patior	pat-	pass-	–	endure	compassion, compassionate, compatibility, compatible, dispassion, dispassionate, impassion, impassive, impassivity, impatience, impatient, incompatibility, incompatible, noncompatible, passion, passionate, passive, passivity, patience, patient
paveō	pav-	pav-	–	be afraid	pavid, pavidity
paviō	pav-	paviv-	pavit-	beat	pave, pavement, paviage, pavior
-pellō	-pell-	-pellav-	-pellat-		appeal, appellable, appellant, appellate, appellation, appellative, repeal
pellō	pell-	pepul-	puls-	push	appulse, appulsion, appulsive, compel, compulsatory, compulsion, compulsive, compulsivity, compulsory, depulse, depulsion, dispel, expel, expellent, expulsion, impel, impellent, impulse, impulsion, impulsive, impulsor, nonpropulsive, propel, propellent, propulsion, propulsive, pulsate, pulsatile, pulsation, pulsative, pulsator pulse, pulsion, push, repel, repulse, repulsion, repulsive, repulsory
†pulsō	puls-	pulsav-	pulsat-	push
pendeō	pend-	pepend-	–	be hanging, hang (intrans.)	antependium, codependency, codependent, depend, dependable, dependency, dependent, impend, impendency, impendent, independence, independent, interdependent, lis pendens, penchant, pendency, pendent, pendente lite, pendulous, pendulum, pensile, propend, propendency, propendent, propense, propension, propensity
pendō	pend-	pepend-	pens-	weigh	compendious, compendium, compensate, compensation, compensatory, dispensation, dispense, expend, expense, pensative, pension, pensive, poise, suspense
†pensō	pens-	pensav-	pensat-	weigh
perior	per-	–	–		experience, experiment, inexperience, peril
petō	pet-	petiv-	petit-	seek, attack	appete, appetence, appetent, appetite, appetition, centripetal, compete, competence, competent, competition, competitive, competitor, impetuous, impetus, inappetence, incompetence, incompetent, noncompetitive, petulance, petulant, petulcity, petulcous, propitiation, propitious, repeat, répétiteur, repetition, repetitive, repetitor
pingō	ping-	pinx-	pict-	paint	depict, depiction, paint, pictorial, picture, pigment, pigmentary, pigmentation, pimiento, pinto, repaint
placeō -pliceō	plac- -plic-	placu-	placit- -plicit-	please	complacency, complacent, complaisance, complaisant, counterplea, displease, displeasure, implead, placebo, placid, placidity, plea, plead, pleasance, pleasant, pleasantry, please, pleasurable, pleasure
plācō	plāc-	plācav-	plācāt-		implacable, placability, placable, placate, placation, placative, placatory
plangō	plang-	planx-	planct-		complain, complainant, complaint, plague, plain, plaint, plaintiff, plaintive, plangency, plangent
plaudō -plodō	plaud- -plod-	plaus-	plaus- -plos-	clap	applaud, applause, displode, displosion, displosive, explode, explosion, explosive, implausibility, implausible, implosion, implosive, nonexplosive, plaudit, plausibility, plausible, plosion, plosive
plectō	plect-	plex-	plex-	plait	amplexus, complect, complex, complexion, complexity, implex, implexion, perplex, perplexity, plexure, plexus
plēō	plē-	plev-	plēt-	fill	accomplish, accomplishment, complement, complementarity, complementary, complementation, complete, completion, completive, compliance, compliant, compliment, Compline, comply, deplete, depletion, depletive, implement, implementation, impletion, incomplete, incompletion, noncompliance, plenary, plenitude, plenitudinous, plenty, plenum, reimplement, reimplementation, replenish, replete, repletion, repletive, resupply, supplement, supplemental, supplementary, supplementation, suppletion, suppletive, suppletory, supply
plicō	plic-	plicav-	plicat-	fold	applicability, applicable, applicant, application, applicative, applicator, applicatory, apply, centuplicate, complicate, complication, contortuplicate, counterploy, demi-plié, deplication, deploy, deployment, duplicate, duplication, duplicator, employ, employee, employment, explicable, explicandum, explicans, explicate, explication, explicative, explicator, explicatory, explicature, exploit, exploitable, exploitation, implicate, implication, implicational, implicature, imply, inapplicable, induplicate, induplication, inexplicable, multiplicand, multiplication, multiplicative, nonexploitation, nonpliant, plait, pleat, pliable, pliancy, pliant, plié, ploy, ply, quadruplicate, reapply, reduplication, replica, replicable, replicant, replicate, replication, replicator, reply, subduplicate, triplicate
plōrō	plor-	plorav-	plorat-	–	deplorable, deplore, implore
poliō	pol-	poliv-	polit-	smoothen	expolish, impolite, interpolate, interpolation, polish, polite, politesse, politure
pōnō [note 6]	pōn-	posu-	posit- post-	put	adposition, ambiposition, antepone, anteposition, apposite, apposition, appositional, appositive, apropos, circumposition, component, componential, componentry, composite, composition, compositional, compositionality, compositor, compost, compostable, compote, compound, contraposition, contrapositive, contrapposto, counterproposition, decomposition, decompound, depone, deponent, deposit, deposition, depositional, depositor, depository, dispone, disponee, dispositio, disposition, dispositional, dispositive, dispositor, entrepôt, expone, exponent, exponential, exponentiation, exponible, exposit, exposition, expositional, expositive, expositor, expository, impone, imponent, imposition, impostor, indisposition, interpone, interponent, interposition, juxtaposit, juxtaposition, juxtapositional, oppone, opponent, opposite, opposition, oppositional, oppositive, posit, position, positional, positive, positure, postpone, postposition, postpositional, postpositive, posture, preposition, prepositional, prepositive, prepositor, prepositure, propone, proponent, proposition, propositional, recomposition, reimposition, repone, reposit, reposition, repository, seposit, seposition, superimposition, superposition, supposition, suppositional, suppositive, suppositor, suppository, transposition, transpositional, transpositive
portō	port-	portav-	portat-	carry	apport, asportation, comport, comportable, comportance, comportation, comportment, deport, deportable, deportation, deportee, disport, export, exportable, exportation, import, importable, importance, important, importation, insupportable, nonportable, portability, portable, portage, portamento, portance, portative, porterage, proport, purport, rapport, rapporteur, reexport, reimport, reimportation, report, reportable, reportage, reportative, sport, support, supportable, transport, transportable, transportation
pōtō	pōt-	potav-	potat-	drink	compotation, compotator, perpotation, potability, potable, potation, potion
precor	prec-	precat-	–	pray	apprecation, deprecable, deprecate, deprecation, imprecate, imprecation, pray, prayer, precarious, precation, precatory
prehendō	prehend- prend-	prehend-	prehens- prens-	grasp	apprehend, apprehension, apprehensive, apprentice, apprisal, apprise, comprehend, comprehensible, comprehension, comprehensive, comprisal, comprise, deprehend, emprise, enterprise, entrepreneur, impregnable, impresa, impresario, imprison, imprisonment, inapprehension, incomprehensible, incomprehension, incomprehensive, pregnable, prehend, prehensile, prehensility, prehension, prise, prison, purprise, reprehend, reprehensible, reprieve, reprisal, reprise, surprise
premō -primō	prem- -prim-	press-	press-	press, push	appress, appressorium, compress, compressible, compression, compressional, compressive, compressor, counterpressure, decompress, decompression, depress, depression, depressive, depressor, espresso, express, expressible, expression, expressional, expressive, expressivity, expressor, impress, impressible, impression, impressionable, impressional, impressive, impressor, imprimatur, imprimatura, imprint, incompressibility, incompressible, inexpressible, inexpressive, irrepressible, oppress, oppressible, oppression, oppressive, oppressor, preprint, press, pressure, print, repress, repressible, repression, repressive, repressor, reprimand, reprint, subexpression, suppress, suppressant, suppression, suppressor, surprint, transrepression
†pressō	press-	pressav-	pressat-	press, push
pugnō	pugn-	pugnav-	pugnat-	fight	impugn, impugnable, impugnation, pugnacious, repugn, repugnance, repugnant
pungō	pung-	pupug-	punct-	prick	appoint, appointee, appointive, appointment, bipunctate, bipunctual, compunction, contrapuntal, counterpoint, demi-pointe, disappoint, disappointment, dispunge, expunction, expunge, impunctate, impunctual, inexpungible, multipoint, poignant, point, pointe, punctate, punctatim, punctation, punctator, punctiform, punctilio, punction, punctual, punctuality, punctuation, puncture, pungency, pungent, puntilla, puntillero, punto, reappoint, reappointment, tripoint
†punctō	punct-	punctav-	punctat-	prick
pūniō	–	–	–	punish, avenge	impunity, punish, punishable, punitive
putō	put-	putav-	putat-	prune, think	accompt, accomptant, account, accountability, accountable, accountancy, accountant, amputate, amputation, amputee, computable, computation, compute, count, countable, deputable, depute, deputy, discount, disputable, disputant, disputation, disputative, dispute, disreputable, disrepute, imputable, imputation, imputative, impute, incomputable, indisputable, irreputable, nonimputable, precompute, putamen, putaminous, putative, raconteur, recompute, recount, reputable, reputation, repute, supputate, supputation, suppute
putreō	putr-	–	–	be rotten	putredinous, putrefacient, putrefaction, putrefactive, putrefy, putresce, putrescence, putrescent, putrescible, putrescine, putrid, putridity, putrilage, putrilaginous
‡putrescō	putresc-	–	–	be rotten
quaerō -quirō	quaer- -quir-	quaesiv-	quaesit- -quisit-	search, seek	acquire, acquisition, exquire, exquisite, inquest, inquire, inquisitive, perquisite, query, quest
quatiō -cutiō	quat- -cut-	–	quass- -cuss-	shake	cassate, cassation!-- desiderative --, concussion, conquassate, decussation, discuss, discussion, discussive, discutient, percussion, percussive, percussor, quash, quassation, recussion, repercussion, rescue, squash, squassation, succussion, succussive
†quassō	quass-	quassav-	quassat-	shake
queror	quer-	quest-	–	complain	quarrel, querent, querimony, querulous
†queritor	querit-	-	–	complain	quarrel, querent, querimony, querulous
rādō	rād-	ras-	ras-	scrape, shave	abrade, abrasion, abrasive, corrade, corrasion, erase, erasure, radula, radular
ranceō	ranc-	–	–	be rotten	rancid, rancor
rapiō -ripiō	rap- -rip-	rapu-	rapt- -rept-		arreption, arreptitious, rapacious, rapacity, rape, rapid, rapidity, rapine, rapt, raptio, raptor, rapture, rapturous, raptus, ravish, subreption, subreptitious, surreptitious
regō -rigō	reg- -rig-	rex-	rect-	keep straight	adret, adroit, alert, arrect, bidirectional, bidirectionality, birectify, biregular, coregency, coregent, correct, correction, correctional, corrective, corrector, correctory, correctress, corregidor, corregimiento, corrigendum, corrigent, corrigibility, corrigible, counterinsurgency, counterinsurgent, derail, derailleur, derailment, derecho, deregulate, deregulation, direct, direction, directional, directionality, directive, director, directorate, directorial, directory, directress, directrix, dirigible, erect, erection, erector, escort, experrection, incorrect, incorrigibility, incorrigible, indirect, indirection, insurgency, insurgent, insurrection, interregent, interregimental, interregional, irregular, irregularity, maladroit, multidirectional, porrect, porrection, rail, rectal, rectification, rectilinear, rectilinearity, rection, rectitude, rectitudinous, rector, rectorate, rectory, rectress, rectricial, rectrix, rectum, redirect, regency, regent, regible, regime, regimen, regiment, regimental, regimentation, region, regional, regle, regula, regular, regularity, regulate, regulation, regulator, regulatory, reregulate, resource, resurge, resurgence, resurgent, resurrect, resurrection, semiregular, source, subrector, subrectory, subregent, subregion, subregional, surge, trirectify, unidirectional, viceregent
rēpō	rēp-	reps-	rēpt-	crawl, creep	obreption, obreptitious, reptation, reptile, reptilian
†reptō	rept-	reptav-	reptat-	crawl, creep	obreption, obreptitious, reptation, reptile, reptilian
rideō	rid-	ris-	ris-	laugh, smile	arride, deride, derision, derisive, irrisible, irrision, ridicule, ridiculous, risibility, risible
rigeō	rig-	–	–	be stiff	de rigueur, nonrigid, rigid, rigidity, rigor, rigorous, semirigid
‡rigescō	rigesc-	rigu-	–	be stiff
rodō	rod-	ros-	ros-	gnaw	arrosion, corrode, corrodent, corrodible, corrosion, corrosional, corrosive, corrosivity, erode, erodent, erodibility, erodible, erose, erosion, erosional, erosive, noncorrosive, rectirostral, rodent, rodenticide, rostral, rostrate, rostriform, rostrum
rogō	rog-	rogav-	rogat-	ask	abrogate, abrogation, derogate, derogatory, interrogate, interrogation, interrogative, interrogator, interrogatory, obrogate, obrogation, prorogatio, prorogation, rogatio, rogation, rogatory, subrogate, subrogation, surrogacy, surrogate
rumpō	rump-	rup-	rupt-	break, burst	abrupt, corrupt, corruption, corruptor, disrupt, disruption, disruptive, erumpent, erupt, eruption, eruptive, interrupt, interruption, irrupt, irruption, irruptive, noneruptive, reroute, rout, route, rupture
saliō -siliō	sal- -sil-	salu- -silu-	salt-	jump	assail, assault, desultory, exult, exultant, exultation, insult, insultation, irresilient, resile, resilience, resiliency, resilient, result, resultant, salient, saltant
†saltō	salt- -sult-	saltav-	saltat- -sultat-	jump
scandō -scendō	scand- -scend-	scand-	scans- -scens-	climb	ascend, ascension, condescension, descend, descent, scansion, transcend, transcendental
scīō	sci-	sciv-	scit-	know	conscience, nescience, omniscience, plebiscite, prescient, science
scrībō	scrīb-	scrips-	scrīpt-	write	ascribe, circumscribe, conscription, describe, description, descriptive, descriptor, indescribable, inscribe, inscription, nondescript, postscript, prescribe, prescription, prescriptive, proscribe, proscription, proscriptive, scribble, scribe, script, scriptural, scripture, scrivener, subscribe, subscript, subscription, superscript, transcribe, transcript, transcription
secō	sec-	secu-	sect-	cut	bisect, bisection, bisector, bisectrix, dissect, dissection, insect, intersect, intersection, intersectionality, prosect, prosector, resection, secant, sectile, section, sectional, sector, sectorial, segment, subsection, subsector, subsegment, suprasegmental, transect, transection, trisectrix, vivisection
sedeō -sideō	sede- -side-	sed-	sess-	sit	dissident, insidious, nonresident, obsession, obsessive, preside, presidium, reside, resident, sedentary, sediment, sessile, session, subside, supersede, supersession
sedō	sed-	sedav-	sedat-		sedate, sedation, sedative
sentiō	senti-	sens-	sens-	feel	assent, consensual, consensus, consent, dissension, dissent, insensate, nonsense, resent, resentment, scent, sensate, sensation, sensational, sense, sensibility, sensible, sensor, sensual, sentence, sentient, sentiment, sentimental, sentimentality
sequor	sequ-	secut-	–	follow	assecution, consecutive, consequence, consequent, consequential, demisuit, ensuant, ensue, execute, execution, executive, executor, extrinsic, inconsequential, insequent, intrinsic, non sequitur, nonconsecutive, nonsequential, obsequence, obsequent, obsequious, persecute, persecution, persecutor, prosecute, prosecution, prosecutor, prosecutorial, prosecutory, prosecutive, pursual, pursuance, pursuant, pursue, pursuit, pursuivant, resequent, second, secondary, secundine, segue, sequacious, sequacity, sequel, sequela, sequence, sequent, sequential, sequitur, suant, subsecute, subsecutive, subsequent, sue, suit, suitability, suitable, suite, suitor
†sector	sect-	sectat-	–	follow
serō	ser-	seru-	sert-		assert, assertion, desert, desertion, desertrix, insert, insertion, serial, series
serpō	serp-	serps-	serpt-	crawl	serpent
serviō	serv-	serviv-	servit-	serve	deserve, servant, server, service, servile, servitude, subservience, subservient
servō	serv-	servav-	servat-	save	conservable, conservation, conservative, conservator, conservatory, conserve, observable, observance, observant, observation, observational, observative, observator, observatory, observe, preservable, preservation, preservative, preserve, reservable, reservance, reservation, reservative, reserve
sistō	sist-	stet-	stat-	cause to stand	absist, assist, consist, consistency, consistent, desist, exist, existence, existent, inconsistent, insist, insistence, insistent, irresistible, nonexistent, persist, persistence, persistent, resist, resistible, subsist, subsistence, subsistent
solvō	solv-	solv-	solut-	loosen	absolute, absolution, absolutive, absolutory, absolve, dissolute, dissolution, dissolve, insolubility, insoluble, insolvency, insolvent, irresolute, resolute, resolution, resolve, resolvent, solubility, soluble, solute, solution, solve, solvency, solvend, solvent
sordeō	sord-	sordu-	–	be dirty	sordes, sordid
spargō	sparg- -sperg-	spars-	spars- -spers-	scatter	aspersion, dispersal, disperse, dispersion, sparse
speciō -spiciō	spec- -spic-	spex-	spect-	look	aspect, aspectual, auspices, auspicious, circumspect, circumspection, circumspective, conspecific, conspectus, conspicuous, disrespect, expect, expectancy, expectant, expectation, inauspicious, incircumspect, inconspicuous, inspect, inspection, inspector, interspecific, introspection, introspective, irrespective, nonspecific, perspective, perspicacious, perspicuity, perspicuous, prospect, prospective, prospector, prospectus, respect, respectable, respective, retrospection, retrospective, special, speciality, speciation, brspecie, species, specific, specification, specificity, specimen, speciosity, specious, spectacle, spectacular, spectator, spectral, spectrum, specular, speculate, speculation, speculative, speculator, speculatory, speculum, subspecies
†spectō	spect-	spectav-	spectat-	look
spirō	spir-	spirav-	spirat-	breathe	aspiration, aspire, conspiracy, conspirator, conspiratorial, conspire, inspiration, inspirational, inspire, perspiration, perspire, preaspiration, respiration, respirator, respiratory, spiracle
splendeō	splend-	splendu-	–		resplendent, splendent, splendid, splendiferous, splendor
spondeō	spond-	spopond-	spons-	promise	correspond, correspondence, correspondent, despond, despondency, despondent, espousage, espousal, espouse, irresponsible, nonresponsive, respond, respondence, respondent, response, responsibility, responsible, responsive, sponsal, sponsion, sponsional, sponsor, spousal, spouse
†sponsō	spons-	sponsav-	sponsat-	promise
squaleō	squal-	squalu-	–		squalid, squalor
statuō -stituō	statu- -stitu-	statu- -stitu-	statut- -stitut-	cause to stand	constituency, constituent, constitute, constitution, constitutional, destitute, destitution, institute, institution, institutional, prostitute, prostitution, reconstitute, restitution, statuary, statue, statuette, statute, statutory, substituent, substitute, substitution
staurō	staur-	staurav-	staurat-		instaurate, instauration, instaure, restaurant, restoration, restorative
sternō	stern-	strav-	strat-	spread, strew	prostrate, prostration, stratus, stratum, substratum
stō	st-	stet-	stat-	stand	antestature, circumstance, circumstant, circumstantial, circumstantiality, constable, constancy, constant, consubstantial, consubstantiality, consubstantiation, contrast, contrastable, disestablish, distance, distant, establish, establishment, estate, extant, inconstancy, inconstant, instability, instance, instancy, instant, instate, instatement, insubstantial, presto, reinstate, reinstatement, restate, restatement, stabile, stability, stable, stage, stamen, stamina, staminal, stance, stanchion, stanza, statant, statary, state, statement, station, stationary, stative, stator, stature, status, stet, substance, substantial, substantiality, substantiate, substantiation, substantive, substation, transubstantiate, transubstantiation
stringō	string-	strinx-	strict-	squeeze	astrict, astriction, astrictive, astringe, astringency, astringent, constrain, constraint, constrict, constriction, constrictive, constrictor, constringe, constringency, constringent, distrain, distraint, distress, district, restrain, restraint, restrict, restriction, restrictive, restrictor, restringe, restringency, restringent, strain, strict, stricture, stringency, stringent
struō	stru-	strux-	struct-		construct, constructible, construction, constructive, constructor, construe, destroy, destruction, destructive, destructor, indestructible, infrastructure, instruct, instruction, instructive, instructor, instrument, instrumental, obstruct, obstruent, obstruction, structural, structure, superstructure
studeō	stud-	studu-	–		étude, student, studio, studious, study
stupeō	stup-	stupu-	–	be stunned	stupefaction, stupendous, stupid, stupidity, stupor, stuporous
suadeō	suad-	suas-	suas-		dissuade, dissuasion, persuade, persuasion, persuasive
sum	es-	fu-	futur-	be	absence, absent, absentaneous, absentee, adessive, antessive, apudessive, coessential, disinterest, ens, entitative, entity, essence, essential, essive, exessive, future, futurity, improve, improvement, inessential, inessive, interest, nonentity, nonessential, nonpresence, nonrepresentational, omnipresence, omnipresent, presence, present, presentable, presentaneous, presentation, presentational, presentative, presentator, presentee, presentment, proud, prowess, represent, representable, representamen, representant, representation, representational, representative, subessive, superessive
sūmō [note 7]	sūm-	sūmps-	sūmpt-	take	absume, absumption, assumable, assume, assumpsit, assumption, assumptive, consumable, consume, consumption, consumptive, inconsumable, inconsumptible, insume, nonconsumptive, nonresumption, presume, presumption, presumptive, presumptuous, reassume, resume, résumé, resumption, resumptive, subsume, subsumption, subsumptive, sumption, sumptuary, sumptuosity, sumptuous, transume, transumption, transumptive
suō	su-	su-	sūt-	sew	assument, sutile, suture
taceō	tac- -tic-	tacu-	tacit-	keep silent	reticence, reticent, tacit, taciturn, taciturnity
tangō -tingō	tang- -ting-	tetig- -tig-	tact-	touch	attain, attainment, contact, contingency, contingent, intact, intangible, integral, pertingent, tactile, tangent, tangental, tangential, tangible
tegō	teg-	tex-	tect-	cover	contection, detect, detection, detective, detector, integument, obtect, protect, protection, protective, protector, protectorate, protégé, tectrix, tectum, tegmen, tegmental, tegula, tegular, tegument, tile, toga
tendō	tend-	tetend-	tens- tent-	stretch	ambitendency, attempt, attend, attendee, attent, attention, attentive, coextend, coextension, coextensive, contend, contention, contentious, counterextension, detent, détente, distend, distension, distent, distention, entendre, entente, etendue, extend, extensible, extension, extensional, extensionality, extensive, extensivity, extensor, extent, inattention, inattentive, inextensible, intend, intense, intensification, intension, intensional, intensity, intensive, intent, intention, intentional, intentionality, obtend, obtension, ostensible, ostension, ostensive, ostensory, ostent, ostentation, ostentatious, portend, portension, portent, portentous, pretend, pretense, pretension, reintensify, subtend, subtense, superintend, superintendency, superintendent, tempt, temptation, tend, tendency, tendential, tendentious, tender, tense, tensible, tensile, tensility, tension, tensure, tent, tentacle, tentacular, tentage, tentation, tentative, tentiginous, tentorium
†temptō	tempt-	temptāv-	temptāt-
†tentō	tent-	tentāv-	tentāt-
teneō -tineō	ten- -tin-	tenu- -tinu-	tent-	hold, keep	abstain, abstention, abstinence, abstinent, appertain, appertinent, appurtenance, appurtenant, contain, content, continence, continent, continental, contratenor, countenance, detain, detention, discontent, entertain, entertainment, impertinent, incontinence, incontinent, intenible, maintain, maintenance, malcontent, obtain, pertain, pertinacious, pertinacity, pertinence, pertinent, retain, retainer, retention, retentive, retinue, sostenuto, sustain, sustenance, tenacious, tenacity, tenet, tenor, tenure, tenurial, tenuto, transcontinental
†tentō	tent-	tentāv-	tentāt-	hold, keep
tepeō	tep-	–	–	be lukewarm	subtepid, tepefaction, tepid, tepidarium, tepidity, tepor
‡tepescō	tepesc-	tepu-	–	be lukewarm	subtepid, tepefaction, tepid, tepidarium, tepidity, tepor
tergeō	terg-	ters-	ters-	wipe	absterge, abstergent, abstersion, abstersive, deterge, detergency, detergent, terse
terō	ter-	triv-	trīt-	rub, wear	attrition, contrite, contrition, detriment, detrimental, detrital, detrition, detritivore, detritivorous, detritus, retriment, tribulation, trite, triturate, trituration, triture
terreō	terr-	terru-	territ-	frighten	counterterror, deter, determent, deterrence, deterrent, terrible, terrific, terrify, terror
†territō	territ-	-	territāt-	frighten
texō	tex-	texu-	text-	weave	context, contextual, contextuality, countertext, intertextual, intertextuality, intertexture, noncontextual, nontextual, praetexta, pretext, pretextual, pretextuality, subcontext, subtext, subtextual, subtextuality, subtile, subtle, subtlety, tessitura, text, textile, textual, textuality, textuary, textural, texture, tissue
timeō	tim-	timu-	–	be afraid	timidity, timorous
tinniō	tinn-	tinniv-	tinnit-	ring	tinnitus
torqueō	torqu-	tors-	tort-	twist	contort, contortion, detortion, distort, distortion, extort, extortion, retort, torque, torsade, torse, tort, tortillon, tortrix, torture
torreō	torr-	torru-	tost-		torrent, torrential, torrid
trahō	trah-	trax-	tract-	drag, draw	abstract, abstraction, abstractive, attract, attractant, attraction, attractive, attractor, contract, contraction, contractional, contractive, contractor, contrahent, detract, detraction, detractive, detractor, distract, distraction, distractive, distrait, extract, extraction, extractive, extractor, intractable, portrait, portraiture, portray, portrayal, protractor, retract, retraction, retractor, subtract, subtraction, subtractive, subtractor, subtrahend, tract, tractable, tractate, tractation, tractator, tractile, traction, tractional, tractor, trait
†tractō	tract- -trect-	tractav-	tractat- -trectat-	drag, draw
trudō	trud-	trus-	trus-	thrust	abstrude, abstruse, abstrusion, detrude, detrusion, extrude, extrusible, extrusion, extrusive, intrude, intrusion, intrusive, obtrude, obtrusion, obtrusive, protrude, protrudent, protrusion, protrusive, retrude, retruse, retrusion
tueor	tu-	tut-, tuit-	–		intuition, intuitive, tuition, tutelage, tutor
tumeō	tum-	tumu-	–	be swollen	detumescence, tumescent, tumid, tumidity, tumor
turgeō	turg-	–	–		turgid, turgidity, turgor
umeō	um-	–	–	be moist	humid, humidify, humidity, humidor
urō	ur-	uss-	ust-	burn	adustion, urn
utor	ut-	us-	–	use	abuse, abusive, disabuse, disuse, perusal, peruse, use, usufruct, usure, usurp, usury, utility
vacō	vac-	vacav-	vacat-	be empty	vacancy, vacant, vacate, vacation
vadō	vad-	vas-	vas-	go	evade, evasion, evasive, invade, invasion, invasive, pervasive
valeō	val-	valu-	valit-	be strong	ambivalence, ambivalent, avail, availability, available, bivalent, convalesce, convalescence, convalescent, countervail, covalent, devaluate, devaluation, devalue, equivalence, equivalent, evaluate, evaluation, evaluative, evaluator, invalid, invalidate, invaluable, multivalent, nonequivalence, prevail, prevalence, prevalent, quadrivalent, quantivalence, reevaluate, reevaluation, revaluation, revalue, transvaluation, transvalue, trivalent, univalent, valediction, valedictorian, valedictory, valence, valerian, valetudinarian, valetudinary, valiancy, valiant, valid, validate, validation, validational, validator, validity, valine, valor, valorous, valuable, valuation, value, valuta
‡valescō	valesc-	–	–	be strong
vehō	veh-	vex-	vect-	carry	advect, advection, advective, biconvex, bivector, circumvection, convect, convection, convective, convector, convex, convexity, equiconvex, extravehicular, invect, invection, invective, inveigh, nonconvective, pretervection, provection, quasiconvex, quasiconvexity, transvection, vection, vector, vectorial, vecture, vehicle, vehicular, vex, vexation, vexatious
†vexō	vex-	vexāv-	vexāt-	carry
vellō	vell-	vuls-	vuls-		avulsion, convulse, convulsion, convulsive, revulsion
veniō	ven-	ven-	vent-	come	advene, advenient, advent, adventist, adventitious, adventure, adventurous, avenue, circumvent, circumvention, circumventive, circumventor, contravene, contravention, convenance, convene, convenience, convenient, convent, conventicle, convention, conventional, coven, covenant, event, eventual, eventuality, inconvenience, inconvenient, intervene, intervention, introvenient, invent, inventio, invention, inventive, inventory, nonconventional, nonevent, nonintervention, obvention, parvenu, prevene, prevent, prevention, preventive, provenance, provenience, provenient, reconvene, reinvent, reinvention, revenant, revenue, souvenance, souvenir, subvene, subvention, supervene, supervenience, supervenient, supervention, venitive, venture, venturous, venue
†ventō	vent-	ventāv-	-
†ventitō	ventit-	ventitāv-	-
vereor	ver-	verit-	–		irreverent, revere, reverence, reverend, reverent, reverential
vergō	verg-	–	–		converge, convergence, convergent, diverge, divergence, divergent, vergence
vertō	vert-	vert-	vers-	turn	adversarial, adversary, adversative, adverse, adversion, adversity, advert, advertent, animadversion, animadvert, anteversion, antevert, aversation, averse, aversion, avert, avertible, contraversion, controversial, controversy, controvert, conversant, conversation, conversational, converse, conversion, convert, convertibility, convertible, diverse, diversion, diversionary, diversity, divert, divertible, divorce, everse, eversible, eversion, eversive, evert, extrorse, extroversion, extrovert, inadvertent, incontrovertible, indivertible, interconversion, interconvert, interconvertible, intervert, introrse, introversion, introversive, introvert, inverse, inversion, invert, invertible, irreversible, multiverse, nonconvertible, nonuniversal, obversant, obverse, obversion, obvert, perverse, perversion, perversity, pervert, pervertibility, pervertible, reconversion, reconvert, reconvertible, reversal, reverse, reversible, reversion, reversionary, reversive, revert, revertent, revertibility, revertible, revertive, subversion, subversionary, subversive, subvert, subvertible, transverse, traversal, traverse, universal, universality, universe, university, varsity, versable, versant, versatile, versatility, verse, versicle, versicular, versification, versificator, version, verso, versus, versute, vertebra, vertebral, vertebrate, vertex, vertical, vertiginous, vertigo
†versō	vers-	versav-	versat-	turn
videō	vid-	vid-	vis-	see	advice, advisable, advise, advisement, advisor, advisory, envisage, envisagement, envision, evidence, evident, evidential, evidentiality, evidentiary, improvidence, improvident, improvisation, improvisational, improvisator, improvisatory, improvise, imprudence, imprudent, inevident, interview, invisible, nonvisual, preview, provide, providence, provident, provision, provisional, provisionality, proviso, provisory, prudence, prudent, prudential, purvey, purveyance, purveyor, purview, review, supervision, supervisor, supervisory, survey, surveyor, video, view, vis-à-vis, visa, visage, visibility, visible, vision, visionary, visitation, visor, vista, visual, voila, voyeur
†visitō	visit-	visitav-	visitat-	see
vidō	vid-	vis-	vis-		divide, dividend, divisibility, divisible, division, divisional, divisive, divisor, individual, individuality, indivisible
vincō	vinc-	vic-	vict-	conquer, win	convict, conviction, convince, convincible, evict, eviction, evince, evincible, inconvincible, invincible, pervicacious, revict, revince, vanquish, vanquishment, victor, Victoria, Victorian, victorious, victory, victress, victrice, victrix, Vincent
vitō	vit-	vitāv-	vitāt-	shun	evitable, evitation, evite, inevitability, inevitable
vīvō	vīv-	vix-	vict-	live	convivial, conviviality, ex vivo, in vivo, revivable, revival, revive, reviviscence, revivor, survivable, survival, survive, survivor, viand, victual, victualage, viva, vivace, vivacious, vivacity, vivandière, vivant, vivarium, vivid, vivific, vivification, vivisepulture, vivo
†victitō	victit-	-	-
‡vīviscō	vīvisc-	-	–
vocō	voc-	vocāv-	vocāt-	call	advocacy, advocate, advocation, advocator, advocatory, advoke, advowson, avocation, avouch, avow, avowal, convocation, disavow, disavowal, equivocate, equivocation, evocative, evoke, invocation, invoke, prevocational, provocation, provocative, provocator, provoke, revocable, revocation, revoke, vocation, vocational, vouch, vouchee, voucher, vouchsafe
volō	vol-	volav-	volat-	fly	avolation, circumvolant, circumvolation, nonvolatile, volatile, volatility, volitant, volitation
†volitō	volit-	volitav-	volitat-	fly
volō	vell-	volu-	–	wish	benevolence, benevolent, involuntary, malevolence, malevolent, velleity, volitient, volition, volitional, volitive, voluntary, volunteer
volvō	volv-	volv-	volūt-	roll	advolution, archivolt, circumvolute, circumvolution, circumvolve, coevolution, coevolutionary, coevolve, convolute, convolution, convolutionary, convolve, devolute, devolution, devolutionary, devolve, devolvement, evolute, evolution, evolutionary, evolve, evolvent, involucrate, involucre, involucrum, involute, involution, involve, involvement, multivolume, nonevolutionary, revolt, revoluble, revolute, revolution, revolutionary, revolve, vault, volte, volte-face, voltigeur, volubility, voluble, volume, voluminous, volva, volvelle, volvent, Volvox, voussoir
†volūtō	volūt-	volūtav-	volūtat-	roll
vomō	vom-	vomu-	vomit-	–	vomit, vomition, vomitory, vomitus
†vomitō	vomit-	-	-	–	vomit, vomition, vomitory, vomitus
vorō	vor-	vorāv-	vorāt-	swallow	carnivore, devoration, devoré, devour, omnivore, omnivorous, voracious, voracity, voraginous
voveō	vov-	vov-	vot-	vow	devote, devotee, devotion, devotional, devout, devove, devow, votary, vote, votive, vow
Citation form	Present stem	Perfect stem	Participial stem	Meaning	English derivatives

Key
†	Frequentative
‡	Inchoative

contracted from duo and habitō
suppletive
deponent
deponent
Contracted from gnārus and agō
Contracted from port- and sinō
Contracted from sub and emō

Prepositions and other words used to form compound words

Latin prepositions and other words
Word	Meaning	Prefixes	Ref.
ā, ab	away from	ab-, a-, abs-, as-	[2]
ad	to, toward	ad-, a-, ac-, af-, ag-, al-, ap-, ar-, at-
ambo	both	ambi-, am-, amb-
ante	before	ante-, anti-
bis	twice	bi-, bis-
circum	around	circum-
cis	this side of	cis-
contrā	against, opposite to	contra-, contro-
cum	together, with	con-, co-, col-, com-, cor-
dē	down from	de-
dexter	right, to the right hand	dextro-
dis-	apart	dis-, di-, dif-, dir-
ex, ē	from, out of	ex-, e-, ef-
extrā	outside	extra-, extro-
in	in, into	in-, il-, im-, ir-
īnfrā	below	infra-
inter	among, between	inter-, intel-
intrā	within	intra-, intro-
iuxtā	beside	juxta-
multus	much, many	multi-
ne	no	ne-, neg-
non	not	non-
ob, obs	toward, against, in the way of, by reason of	ob-, o-, oc-, of-, og-, op-, os-
paene	almost, nearly	pen-
per	thorough, through	per-, pel-
post	after, behind	post-
prae	before	pre-
praeter	by, past	preter-
prō	for, forth, in front of	pro-, pol-, por-, prod-
re-	again, back	re-, red-
retro	backwards	retro-
sē	apart, without	se-, sed-
sub	from below, under	sub-, su-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-
subter	beneath	subter-
super	above, over	super-
suprā	above, more than	supra-
trāns	across	trans-, tra-, tran-	[3]
ultrā	beyond	ultra-	[4][5]
ve-	out	ve-

Notes

"Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar for Schools and Colleges, chapter 1". Retrieved February 27, 2016.
ăb, ā. Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short. A Latin Dictionary on Perseus Project.
trāns. Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short. A Latin Dictionary on Perseus Project.
uls. Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short. A Latin Dictionary on Perseus Project.
ultrā. Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short. A Latin Dictionary on Perseus Project.

References

"The New Perseus Search Engine/Word study tool". perseus.tufts.edu.
"The Old Perseus Latin morphology tool". perseus.tufts.edu.
"6,000 English Words With Latin Origins List". yougowords.com.
"The Latin Lexicon – Word Study Tool / Word Analysis". Archived from the original on Jul 31, 2017.
"Online Etymology Dictionary (English)". etymonlime.com. 2018-08-16.

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[2] Contracted from axilla

[3] Contracted from ad and bet-

[4] Contracted from cernimen

[5] Contracted from figibula

[6] r flagma

[7] Contracted from jūs and dicō

[8] Contracted from lucimen

[9] Contracted from luc-

[10] Contracted from ne- and cedō

[11] r sterula

[12] Contracted from stiglus

[13] Contracted from ūnulus

[14] tracted from duo and habitō

[15] suppletive

[16] t

[17] t

[18] Contracted from gnārus and agō

[19] Contracted from port- and sinō

[20] Contracted from sub and emō

[1] "Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar for Schools and Colleges, chapter 1". Retrieved February 27, 2016.

[21] ăb, ā. Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short. A Latin Dictionary on Perseus Project.

[22] trāns. Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short. A Latin Dictionary on Perseus Project.

[23] uls. Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short. A Latin Dictionary on Perseus Project.

[24] ultrā. Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short. A Latin Dictionary on Perseus Project.