Goilalan languages

The Goilalan or Wharton Range languages are a language family spoken around the Wharton Range in the "Bird's Tail" of New Guinea. They were classified as a branch of the Trans–New Guinea languages by Stephen Wurm (1975), but only tentatively retained there in the classification of Malcolm Ross (2005) and removed entirely by Timothy Usher (2020).[3]

Goilalan
Wharton Range
Geographic
distribution		Wharton Range, Central Province, Papua New Guinea
Linguistic classificationBinanderean–Goilalan[1]
  • Goilalan
Glottologgoil1242[2]
Map: The Goilalan languages of New Guinea
  The Goilalan languages
  Trans–New Guinea languages
  Other Papuan languages
  Austronesian languages
  Uninhabited

Languages

The languages are,[3]

The languages are clearly related, especially northern Biagai, Kunimaipa, and Weri, which might be considered divergent dialects.

Pronouns

Pronouns are:

  • Northern: 1sg ne, 2sg ni, 3sg pi
  • Tauade/Fuyug: 1sg na, 2sg nu

Tauade also has the possessive pronouns ne-ve, ni-e.

Evolution

Fuyuge reflexes of purported proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma are:[4]

  • baba ‘father’ < *mbapa
  • sabe ‘saliva’ < *si(mb,p)at
  • magata ‘mouth, jaw’ < *maŋgat[a]
  • mele-pila ‘tongue’ < *mele-mbilaŋ
  • imu ‘eye’ < *(ŋg,k)amu
  • ije ‘tree’ < *inda

References
  1. New Guinea World, Oro – Wharton Range
  2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Goilalan". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  3. NewGuineaWorld - Wharton Range
  4. Pawley, Andrew; Hammarström, Harald (2018). "The Trans New Guinea family". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 21–196. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
  • Ross, Malcolm (2005). "Pronouns as a preliminary diagnostic for grouping Papuan languages". In Andrew Pawley; Robert Attenborough; Robin Hide; Jack Golson (eds.). Papuan pasts: cultural, linguistic and biological histories of Papuan-speaking peoples. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. pp. 15–66. ISBN 0858835622. OCLC 67292782.
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