Tamolan languages

The Tamolan languages are a small family of clearly related languages spoken in the region of the Guam River in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea.

Tamolan
Guam River
Geographic
distribution		Guam River, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea
Linguistic classificationRamu
  • Ramu proper
    • Tamolan–Ataitan
      • Tamolan
Glottologtamo1242[1]

Languages

The Tamolan languages are:

  • Inapang (dialect continuum)
    • Midsivindi
    • Itutang (Isarikan)
    • Yigavesakama
  • Chini–Iski
    • Akrukay (Chini)
    • Iski (dialect continuum)
      • Romkun
      • Breri

Kominimung and Igana are said to also be Tamolan languages, but no data has been collected to establish that.

Tamolan is classified among the Ramu languages of northern Papua New Guinea.

Phonemes

Usher (2020) reconstructs the consonant inventory as follows:[2]

*m*n*ŋ
*p*t*s*k
*mb*nd*ndz*ŋg
*w*ɾ*j*ɣ

Vowels are *i *ʉ *u *a.

Pronouns

Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as:[2]

sgdupl
1 *uku*aŋgʉ*ani
2 *un*uŋgʉ*uni
3 *an, *ma??

Plus 1sg object *na.

Proto-Tamolan–Ataitan (Proto-Guam–Moam) is very similar, and nearly identical to Proto-Moam.

References
  1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Tamolan". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. New Guinea World, Guam River
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