Sepik Hill languages

The Sepik Hill languages form the largest and most ramified branch of the Sepik languages of northern Papua New Guinea. They are spoken along the southern margin of the Sepik floodplain in the foothills of Central Range of south-central East Sepik Province.

Sepik Hill
Geographic
distribution		Sepik Hills, south-central East Sepik Province, in the Sepik River basin of Papua New Guinea
Linguistic classificationSepik
  • Sepik Hill
Glottologsepi1258[1]
The Sepik languages as classified by Foley (2018). The Sepik Hill languages are in green.

Languages

The languages according to Usher (2020) are,[2]

Sepik Hills
  • Saniyo-Hiyewe
  • Southwest Sepik Hills: Niksek (Paka, Gabiano), Piame, Hewa
  • Bahinemo–Berinomo
  • East Sepik Hills (Alamblak etc.)

The languages according to Foley (2018) are:[3]

Sepik Hill
  • Eastern (Alamblak etc.)
  • Central (Bahinemo etc.)
  • Western: Saniyo-Hiyewe, Paka (Setiali), Gabiano (Niksek), Piame, Bikaru, Umairof, Hewa

Other than disagreement at to what is a language or a dialect (Glottolog, for example, concludes that the 'Bikaru' language is probably spurious, and doesn't list Umairof at all), the only difference from Usher is in combining Sanio with the Southwest Sepik Hills languages as a Western branch.

Pronouns

Pronouns in Sepik Hill languages:[3]

pronounSareAlamblakSaniyo-Hiyewe
1sg annaane
2sg nɨnine
3sg.m rɨrərrei
3sg.f sɨrət
1du nondnənoto-(si)
2du finnifɨnfene-si
3du fɨrəfrowe-si
1pl nomnəmnomo
2pl mɨnikə(m)fene
3pl romrəmrowe

References
  1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Sepik Hill". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. Sepik Hills, NewGuineaWorld
  3. Foley, William A. (2018). "The Languages of the Sepik-Ramu Basin and Environs". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 197–432. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
  • Ross, Malcolm (2005). "Pronouns as a preliminary diagnostic for grouping Papuan languages". In Andrew Pawley; Robert Attenborough; Robin Hide; Jack Golson (eds.). Papuan pasts: cultural, linguistic and biological histories of Papuan-speaking peoples. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. pp. 15–66. ISBN 0858835622. OCLC 67292782.
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