Amal language

Amal
Region	Sandaun Province and East Sepik Province
Native speakers	830 (2003)[1]
Language family	Sepik Upper Sepik Amal–Kalou Amal; ; ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	aad
Glottolog	amal1242[2]

Amal is a language spoken along the border of Sandaun Province and East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea, along the Wagana River near the confluence with Wanibe creek.[3] Foley (2018) classifies Amal as a primary branch of the Sepik languages, though it is quite close to Kalou.

Pronouns

Pronouns are:[4]

Amal pronouns
	sg	pl
1	ŋan	nut
2	in	kun
3	may	ilum

Cognates

Amal cognates with Sepik languages are:[4]

tal ‘woman’
yan ‘child’
lal ‘tongue’ < proto-Sepik *ta(w)r
mi ‘breast’ < proto-Sepik *muk
waplo ‘liver’
nip ‘blood’
yen ‘egg’
ak ‘house’

Foley (2018) notes that there appears to be somewhat more lexical similarities between Amal and the Tama languages, but does not consider them to form a group with each other.

References

Amal at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Amal". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2019). "Papua New Guinea languages". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (22nd ed.). Dallas: SIL International.
Foley, William A. (2018). "The Languages of the Sepik-Ramu Basin and Environs". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 197–432. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.

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[e18-1] Amal at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)

[Glottolog-2] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Amal". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

[Ethnologue22-PNG-3] Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2019). "Papua New Guinea languages". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (22nd ed.). Dallas: SIL International.

[Foley-Sepik-4] Foley, William A. (2018). "The Languages of the Sepik-Ramu Basin and Environs". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 197–432. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.