German exonyms
Below is a list of German language exonyms for formerly German places and places in non-German-speaking areas of the world :
Algeria
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Algiers | Algier | Al-Jazā'ir | ||
| Constantine | Constantine | Qusanṭīnah | ||
| Oran | Oran | Wahrān | ||
Azerbaijan
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes |
| Baku | Bak | Bakı | |
Belgium
.svg.png){kind=small} | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Bruges | Brügge | Brugge | Dutch | |
| Brussels | Brüssel | Brussel | Dutch | |
| Bruxelles | French | |||
| Leuven | Löwen | Leuven | Dutch | |
| Liège | Lüttich | Lidje | Walloon | |
| Liège | French | |||
| Ostend | Ostende | Oostende | Dutch | |
China
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Beijing | Peking | Beijing | ||
| Guangzhou | Kanton | Guangzhou | ||
| Jiaozhou | Kiautschou | Jiaozhou | ||
| Nanjing | Nanking | Nanjing | ||
| Qingdao | Tsingtau | Qingdao | ||
Cyprus
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Nicosia | Nikosia | Lefkoşa | Turkish | |
| Lefkosía (Λευκωσία) | Greek | |||
Czechia
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes |
| Brno | Brünn | Brno | |
| České Budějovice | Budweis | České Budějovice | |
| Karlovy Vary | Karlsbad | Karlovy Vary | |
| Olomouc | Olmütz | Olomouc | |
| Pilsen | Pilsen | Plzeň | |
| Prague | Prag | Praha | |
Denmark
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes |
| Copenhagen | Kopenhagen | Købnhavn | |
Djibouti
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes |
| Djibouti | Dschibuti | Ville de Djibouti | |
Egypt
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Alexandria | Alexandria | Iskandariyya | ||
| Cairo | Kairo | al-Qāhirah | ||
France
- For German language exonyms in Alsace and Moselle, see:
- German exonyms (Alsace)
- German exonyms (Moselle)
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Mulhouse | Mülhausen | Mulhouse | ||
| Nice | Nizza | Nice | ||
| Strasbourg | Straßburg | Strasbourg | ||
Greece
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes |
| Athens | Athen | Athína | |
| Corfu | Korfu | Kérkyra | |
| Corinth | Korinth | Kórinthos | |
| Patras | Patras | Pátra | |
| Pireus | Piräus | Piraiás | |
| Thebes | Theben | Thiva | |
India
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Delhi | Delhi | Dilli | Hindi | |
| Kolkata | Kalkutta | Kolkata | Bengali | |
Israel
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Acre | Akkon, Akko | Ako | ||
| Alonei Abba | Waldheim | Aloney Abba | Archaic | |
| Ashkelon | Ascalon | Ashkelon | ||
| Bnei Atarot | Wilhelma | Bney Atarot | Archaic | |
| Capernaum | Capernaum | Kfar Nachum | ||
| Caesarea | Caesarea | Keysarya | ||
| Daburiyya | Tabor | Daburiyya | ||
| Jaffa | Jaffa | Yafo | ||
| Jerusalem | Jerusalem | Yerushalayim | ||
| Kafr Kanna | Kana | Kafr Kanna | ||
| Kfar Tavor | Kfar Tabor | Kfar Tavor | ||
| Lod | Lydda | Lod | ||
| Nazareth | Nazareth | Natzrat | ||
| Netzer Sereni | Bir Salem | Netzer Sereni | Used for times before 1948 | |
| Safed | Safed | Tzfat | ||
| Sea of Galilee | See Genezareth | Lake Kineret | ||
| Sharona | Sarona | Sharona | Used for times before 1948 | |
| Tiberias | Tiberias | Tiverya | ||
Italy
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Agrigento | Agrigent | Agrigento | ||
| Florence | Florenz | Firenze | ||
| Genoa | Genua | Genova | ||
| Milan | Mailand | Milano | ||
| Naples | Neapel | Napoli | ||
| Padua | Padua | Padova | ||
| Rome | Rom | Roma | ||
| Syracuse | Syrakus | Siracusa | ||
| Taranto | Tarent | Taranto | ||
| Trento | Trient | Trento | ||
| Trieste | Triest | Trieste | ||
| Turin | Turin | Torino | ||
| Venice | Venedig | Venezia | ||
Lebanon
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Sidon | Sidon | Ṣayda | ||
| Tripoli | Tripoli, Tripolis | Ṭarabulus | ||
| Tyre | Tyrus | Ṣūr | ||
Lithuania
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes |
| Alytus | Alitten | Alytus | |
| Kaunas | Kauen | Kaunas | |
| Klaipėda | Memel | Klaipėda | |
| Nida | Nidden | Nida | |
| Panevėžys | Ponewiesch | Panevėžys | |
| Šiauliai | Schaulen | Šiauliai | |
| Šilutė | Heydekrug | Šilutė | |
| Tauragė | Tauroggen | Tauragė | |
| Ukmergė | Wilkomir | Ukmergė | |
| Vilnius | Wilna | Vilnius | |
Luxembourg
Note that this list only includes towns whose German name is significantly different from the official (mainly French) form. Towns that differ with predictable spelling/ ending changes shown below are not included.
ae, c , é, oe, ou, u, v → ä, k, e, ö, u, ü, v
-ange, -haff → -ingen, -hof
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Official | Notes |
| Bellain | Besslingen | Bellain | |
| Bavigne | Böwen | Bavigne | |
| Beaufort | Befort | Beaufort | |
| Belair | Neumerl | Belair | |
| Belvaux | Beles | Belvaux | |
| Berlé | Berl | Berlé | |
| Bicherhaff | Bicherhof | Bicherhaff | |
| Bigonville | Bondorf | Bigonville | |
| Blaschette | Blanscht | Blaschette | |
| Boevange | Bögen | Boevange | |
| Boevange-sur-Attert | Bögen an der Attert | Boevange-sur-Attert | |
| Bollendorf-Pont | Bollendorferbrück | Bollendorf-Pont | |
| Born-Moulin | Bornmühlen | Born-Moulin | |
| Boulaide | Basuchleiden | Boulaide | |
| Bourscheid-Moulin | Burscheidermühle | Bourscheid-Moulin | |
| Brouch | Bruch | Brouch | |
| Burschtermillen | Burschtermühlen | Burschtermillen | |
| Carelshaff | Karlshoff | Carelshaff | |
| Cessange | Zessingen | Cessange | |
| Charage | Kerschen | Charage | |
| Clemency | Küntzig | Clemency | |
| Clervaux | Clerf | Clervaux | |
| Colbette | Kolbet | Colbette | |
| Cruchten | Krüchten | Cruchten | |
| Dabourg-Pont | Dasburgerbrück | Dabourg-Pont | |
| Doncols | Donkholz | Doncols | |
| Eschette | Brescht | Eschette | |
| Fensterdall | Fenstertal | Fensterdall | |
| Folschette | Fulscht | Folschette | |
| Fréiresmillen | Freiersmühlen | Fréiresmillen | |
| Groëstaen | Grünstein | Groëstaen | |
| Hachiville | Helzingen | Hachiville | |
| Hamiville | Heinsch | Hamiville | |
| Hongerhaff | Hungerhoff | Hongerhaff | |
| Kappellebour | Kappellenbur | Kappellebour | |
| Klenge Bourghaff | Kleiner Burghof | Klenge Bourghaff | |
| Koenerhaff | Könnerhaff | Koenerhaff | |
| Koeschettte | Köscht | Koeschettte | |
| Kreiz | Kreuz | Kreiz | |
| Lamadelaine | Rollingen | Lamadelaine | |
| Larochette | Fels | Larochette | |
| Meysembourg | Meisemburg | Meysembourg | |
| Michelbouch | Michelbuch | Michelbouch | |
| Michelsbierg | Michelsberg | Michelsbierg | |
| Mierschgronn | Mierschgrund | Mierschgronn | |
| Mondercange | Monnerich | Mondercange | |
| Mondorf-les-Bains | Bad Mondorf | Mondorf-les-Bains | |
| Moulin de Bigonville | Bondorfermühle | Moulin de Bigonville | |
| Moutfort | Mutfurt | Moutfort | |
| Neihaisgen | Neuhäuschen | Neihaisgen | |
| Perlé | Perl | Perlé | |
| Petit-Nobressart | Klein Elcherodt | Petit-Nobressart | |
| Pontpierre | Steinbrücken | Pontpierre | Both names mean "stone bridge" |
| Quarte-Vents | Vierwinden | Quarte-Vents | Both names mean "four winds" |
| Roodt-lès-Ell | Rodt bei Ell | Roodt-lès-Ell | |
| Roodt-sur-Eisch | Rodt an der Eisch | Roodt-sur-Eisch | |
| Roodt-sur-Syre | Rodt an der Syre | Roodt-sur-Syre | |
| Roudenhaff | Rodenhof | Roudenhaff | |
| Sanem | Sassenheim | Sanem | |
| Septfontaines | Simmern | Septfontaines | |
| Soleuvre | Zolver | Soleuvre | |
| Sonlez | Soller | Sonlez | |
| Surré | Syr | Surré | |
| Tarchamps | Ischpelt | Tarchamps | |
| Troine | Trotten | Troine | |
| Troisvierges | Ulflingen | Troisvierges | |
| Wallendorf-Pont | Wallendorferbrück | Wallendorf-Pont | |
| Wincrange | Wintger | Wincrange | |
Moldova
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Moldovan place | German name | Endonym | Notes |
| Chișinău | Kischenau, Kischinau, Kischinew | Chișinău | |
| Cioburciu (Transnistria) | Hirtenheim | Cioburciu (Transnistria) | |
| Rîșcani | Ryschkanowka | Rîșcani | |
| Soltoaia | Scholtoi | Soltoaia | |
| Valea Norocului | Glückstal | Valea Norocului | |
Morocco
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Casablanca | Casablanca | Dār al-Bāyda' | ||
| Essaouira | Mogador | aṣ-Ṣawīra | outdated | |
Myanmar
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes |
| Yangon | Rangun | Yangon | Compare dated English Rangoon |
Namibia
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Walvis Bay | Walfischbucht, Walfischbai | Walvis Bay | ||
| Windhoek | Windhuk | Windhoek | ||
Netherlands
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes |
| Arnhem | Arnheim | Arnhem | |
| Boskoop | Boskop | Boskoop | |
| Kerkrade | Kirchrath | Kerkrade | |
| Nieuwenschans | Neuenschanz | Nieuwenschans | |
| Nijmegen | Nimwegen | Nijmegen | |
| Roermond | Rurmund | Roermond | |
| 's-Hertogenbosch | Herzogenbusch | 's-Hertogenbosch | |
| Swalmen | Schwalmen | Swalmen | |
| The Hague | Den Haag | Den Haag | No definite article |
| Ubach over Worms | Waubach | Ubach over Worms | |
| Wahlwiller | Wahlweiler | Wahlwiller | |
North Korea
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes |
| Pyongyang | Pjöngjang | Pyongyang | |
Norway
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes |
| Trondheim | Drontheim | Trondheim | Obsolete; briefly used during World War II |
Palestine
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Note | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Bethlehem | Bethlehem | Bayt Laḥm | ||
| Hebron | Hebron | Al-Khalīl | ||
| Jericho | Jericho | Ariḥa | ||
| Jerusalem | Jerusalem | Al-Quds | ||
Papua New Guinea
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Kokopo | Herbertshöhe | Kokopo | ||
Poland
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German place | Endonym | Notes |
| Gdańsk | Danzig | Gdańsk | |
| Kraków | Krakau | Kraków | |
| Poznań | Posen | Poznań | |
| Szczeczin | Stettin | Szczeczin | |
| Warsaw | Warschau | Warszawa | |
| Wrocław | Breslau | Wrocław | |
Romania
- For German exonyms of Romania in Transylvania, see: German exonyms (Transylvania)
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes |
| Bacău | Bakau | Bacău | Archaic |
| Baia Mare | Frauenbach | Baia Mare | Archaic |
| Botoșan | Botoschan | Botoșan | Archaic |
| Brașov | Kronstadt | Brașov | Archaic |
| Bucharest | Bukarest | București | |
| Buzău | Busäu | Buzău | Archaic |
| Câmpulung | Langena | Câmpulung | Archaic |
| Cluj-Napoca | Klausenburg | Cluj-Napoca | Archaic |
| Constanța | Konstanz(a) | Constanța | Archaic |
| Craiova | Kragau | Craiova | Archaic |
| Krajowa | Archaic | ||
| Curtea de Argeș | Argisch | Curtea de Argeș | Archaic |
| Focșani | Fokschan | Focșani | Archaic |
| Galați | Galatz | Galați | Archaic |
| Giurgiu | Sankt Georg | Giurgiu | Archaic |
| Zurz | Archaic | ||
| Hunedoara | Eisenmarkt | Hunedoara | Archaic |
| Iași | Jassy | Iași | Archaic |
| Oradea | Großwardein | Oradea | Archaic |
| Piatra Neamț | Kreuzburg an der Bistritz | Piatra Neamț | Archaic |
| Pitești | Pitesk | Pitești | Archaic |
| Râmnicu Sărat | Rebnick | Râmnicu Sărat | Archaic |
| Rümnick | Archaic | ||
| Râmnicu Vâlcea | Königsberg | Râmnicu Vâlcea | Archaic |
| Wultsch | Archaic | ||
| Reșița | Reschitz(a) | Reșița | Archaic |
| Roman | Romesmark | Roman | Archaic |
| Satu Mare | Sathmar | Satu Mare | Archaic |
| Sibiu | Hermannstaft | Sibiu | Archaic |
| Sighișoara | Schäßburg | Sighișoara | Archaic |
| Slatina | Zelatna | Slatina | Archaic |
| Slobozia | Freisdtadt | Slobozia | Archaic |
| Suceava | Suczawa | Suceava | Archaic |
| Târgoviște | Tergowisch | Târgoviște | Archaic |
| Târgu Jiu | Tergoschwyl | Târgu Jiu | Archaic |
| Târgu Mureş | Neumarkt | Târgu Mureş | Archaic |
| Timișoara | Temeschburg | Timișoara | Archaic |
| Temeswar | Archaic | ||
| Tulcea | Tultscha | Tulcea | Archaic |
| Tultschs | Archaic | ||
| Turnu Măgurele | Großnikopel | Turnu Măgurele | Archaic |
Russia
- For German names of towns in Kaliningrad Oblast, see : German exonyms (Kaliningrad Oblast) and List of cities and towns in East Prussia
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes |
| Kaliningrad | Königsberg | Kaliningrad | Archaic, founded with German name |
| Lomonosov | Oranienbaum | Lomonosov | Archaic; founded with German name |
| Moscow | Moskau | Moskva | |
| Saint Petersburg | Sankt Petersburg | Sankt Peterburg | Founded with German name |
| Shlisselburg | Schlüsselburg | Shlisselburg | Archaic, founded with German name |
| Yekaterinburg | Katharinenburg | Yekaterinburg | Archaic, founded with German name |
Serbia
For German place names in the Vojvodina region, please see: German exonyms (Vojvodina)
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes |
| Belgrade | Belgrad | Beograd | |
South Africa
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Cape Town | Kapstadt | Cape Town | ||
Spain
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Aragón | Aragonien | Aragón | ||
| Balearic Islands | Balearen | The Balears | ||
| Canary Islands | Kanaren | |||
| Sagunto | Sagunt | Sagunt | ||
| Sagunto | ||||
| Tenerife | Teneriffa | |||
| Zaragoza | Saragossa | Zaragoza | ||
Switzerland
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Delémont | Delsberg | Delémont | ||
| Geneva | Genf | Genève | ||
| Neuchâtel | Neuenburg | Neuchâtel | ||
| Sion | Sitten | Sion | ||
Syria
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Aleppo | Aleppo | Ḥalab | ||
| Damascus | Damaskus | Dimashq | ||
Taiwan
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Taipei | Taipeh | Taipei | German name from Hokkien endonym | |
Tanzania
All of the below names are now obsolete. They were formerly used when Tanzania was part of the colony of German East Africa.
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Galula | St. Moritz | Galula | ||
| Igulwa | Mariahilf | Igulwa | ||
| Ikombe | Alt-Langenburg | Ikombe | ||
| Ilembule | Emmaberg | Ilembule | ||
| Kasanga | Bismarckburgm, Wißmannhafen | Kasanga | German names referred to two different cities | |
| Kazimzumbwi | Kaiseraue | Kazimzumbwi | ||
| Kirondatal | Kirondathal | Kirondatal | ||
| Kizarawe | Hoffnungshöh | Kizarawe | ||
| Leganga | Leudorf | Leganga | ||
| Liuli | Sphinxhafen | Liuli | ||
| Lumbira | Neu-Langenburg | Lumbira | ||
| Lushoto | Wilhelmsdorf, Wilhelsmthal | Lushoto | ||
| Manda | Weidhafen | Manda | ||
| Mbulu | Neu-Trier | Mbulu | ||
| Mibirizi | Bergfrieden | Mibirizi | ||
| Mikese | Neu-Bonn | Mikese | ||
| Mlalo | Hohenfriedberg | Mlalo | ||
| Mnazi | Neu-Bethel | Mnazi | ||
| Nansio | Peterswerft | Nansio | ||
| Nyakanazi | Friedberg | Nyakanazi | ||
| Rombo | Fischerstadt | Rombo | ||
| Sekenke | Sachsenwald | Sekenke | ||
| Shume | Neu-Hornow | Shume | ||
| Tukuyu | Langenburg | Tukuyu | ||
| Ushetu | Marienthal | Ushetu | ||
| Uvinza | Gottorp | Uvinza | ||
Turkey
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes |
| Antakya | Antiochia | Antakya | Archaic |
| Edirne | Adrianopel | Ediren | Archaic |
| Ephesus | Ephesos | Efes | |
| Gallipoli | Gallipoli | Gelibolu | |
| Halicarnassus | Halikarnassos | Halikarnas | |
| İstanbul | Byzanz | İstanbul | Archaic |
| Konstantinopel | Archaic | ||
| İzmir | Smyrna | İzmir | Archaic |
| Trabzon | Trapezunt | Trabzon | Archaic |
| Troy | Troja | Truva | |
Ukraine
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | Endonym | Notes |
| Bazaryanka | Schulzheim | Bazaryanka | Founded with German name |
| Belenkoye | Schabolat | Belenkoye | Founded with German name |
| Berehove | Bergsaß, Lampertshaus | Berehove | |
| Bilhorod-Dnistrovsky | Akkerman | Akkerman | |
| Buschtyno | Buschtyn an der Theiß | Buschtyno | |
| Chernivtsi | Czernowitz/ Tschernowitz | Chernivtsi | |
| Chernobyl | Tschernobyl | Chernobyl | |
| Dubove | Dombau, Dombo | Dubove | |
| Ivano-Frankivsk | Stansislau | Ivano-Frankivsk | |
| Georgievka | Mariental | Georgievka | Founded with German name |
| Glinnaya | Glückstal | Glinnaya | Founded with German name |
| Karmanova | Neudorf | Karmanova | Founded with German name |
| Khust | Hußt | Khust | |
| Kolosova | Bergdorf | Kolosova | Founded with German name |
| Komarivka | Kassel | Komarivka | Founded with German name |
| Korolevo | Königsfeld an der Theiß | Korolevo | |
| Lviv | Lemberg | Lviv | |
| Mukachevo | Munkatsch | Mukachevo | |
| Rakhiv | Rauhau | Rakhiv | |
| Rivne | Röwne | Rivne | |
| Sergeievko | Josefstal | Sergeievko | Founded with German name |
| Sevastopol | Sewastopol | Sevastopol | |
| Shabo | Schabo Kolonie | Shabo | Founded with German name |
| Solotvyno | Salzgruben | Solotvyno | |
| Svaliava | Schwal(l)bach | Svaliava | |
| Tiachiv | Großteutschenau | Tiachiv | |
| Uzhhorod | Ungarish Burg, Ungstadt, Ungwqar | Uzhhorod | |
| Vinnytsia | Winniza | Vinnytsia | |
United Kingdom
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | German name | British place | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Canterbury | Kantelberg, Kanterberg | Canterbury | Archaic | |
| Channel Islands | Kanalinseln, Normannische Inseln | Channel Islands | ||
| Dover Strait | Straße von Calais | Dover Strait | ||
| Edinburgh | Edinburg | Edinburgh | ||
| English Channel | Ärmelkanal | English Channel | ||
| Orkney | Orkaden | Orkney | Archaic | |
| Scalloway | Schaldewage | Scalloway | Archaic | |
| Scotland | Schottland | Scotland | ||
| Thames | Themse | Thames | ||
| White Cliffs of Dover | Kreidefelsen von Dover | White Cliffs of Dover | ||
See also
- Exonym and endonym
- German exonyms (Kaliningrad Oblast)
- German exonyms (Moselle)
- German exonyms (Pomorze)
- German names for Central European towns
- German placename etymology
- List of cities and towns in East Prussia
- List of English exonyms for German toponyms
- List of European exonyms
- List of settlements in Kaliningrad Oblast
- Names of Germany
References
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