Demographics of Georgia (country)

The demographic features of the population of Georgia include population growth, population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population.

Demographics of Georgia
Population3,729,600[n 1] (1 January, 2018)[1]
Density65.3 (2018)
Growth rate1.5‰ (2017)
Birth rate14.3‰ (2017)
Death rate12.8‰ (2017)
Life expectancy73.5 years (2018)
Infant mortality rate8.1‰ (2018)
Net migration rate-0.6 (2017)[n 1][2]
Age structure
0–14 years20%[n 1][3]
15–64 years65.4%
65 and over14.6%
Sex ratio
Total0.92 male(s)/female[n 1][3]
At birth1.07 male(s)/female
Under 151.09 male(s)/female
15–64 years0.96 male(s)/female
65 and over0.6 male(s)/female
Nationality
Nationalitynoun: Georgian(s) adjective: Georgian
Major ethnicGeorgians
Minor ethnicEthnic minorities in Georgia
Language
OfficialGeorgian (Abkhaz)[n 2]
SpokenOthers
Density of the population of Georgia by municipality (2018)
Distribution of the population of Georgia by municipalities
Municipalities of Georgia by the population’s predominant gender
Percentage of ethnic Georgians by municipality
Cities and towns in Georgia by population size

The demographic situation in Georgia, like that of some other former Soviet republics (especially Estonia and Latvia), has been characterized by two prominent features since independence: decline in total population and significant "Georgianization" of the ethnic composition. The proportion of ethnic Georgians increased by full 10 percentage points between 1989 and 2002, rising from 73.7% to 83.7% of the population.[4]

The population grew steadily while Georgia was part of the Soviet Union and during the first years of independence, rising from less than 4 million in the 1950s to a peak of 5.5 million in 1992.[5] Then the trend changed and the population began to decline, dropping to 4.5 million in 2005 according to the estimates by the Georgian Department of Statistics.[6] This figure represents the total population, including the separatist regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, whose population in 2005 was estimated at 178,000 and 49,200, respectively. Without Abkhazia and South Osetia, the population in the regions controlled by the central government of Georgia was 4,321,500 in 2005 and 4,382,100 in 2008[7] (compare the 2008 figure with the CIA estimate of 4,630,841 for all of Georgia, including Abkhazia and South Osetia[8]).

Georgia was named among the highest-emigration countries in the world (with respect to population) in the 2007 World Bank report. The 2002 population census in Georgia revealed a net migration loss of 1.1 million persons, or 20% of the population, since the early 90s.[9] The decline in Georgia's population is caused by the emigration in search of employment, and a sharp fall of birth rates.[10] Over 300,000 Russians, 200,000 Georgians, 200,000 Armenians, 85,000 Greeks, 50,000 Azerbaijanis, 50,000 Ukrainians and 20,000 Jews have migrated from Georgia since independence.

Vital statistics

Sources: United Nations[11] and GeoStat[12]

Births and deaths

Total area
Average population Live births1 Deaths1 Natural change1 Crude birth rate (per 1000) Crude death rate (per 1000) Natural change (per 1000) Fertility rates
1950 3,527,000 82,900 27,000 55,900 23.5 7.7 15.9
1951 3,585,000 86,800 26,900 59,900 24.2 7.5 16.7
1952 3,646,000 85,700 26,600 59,100 23.5 7.3 16.2
1953 3,710,000 87,200 26,300 60,900 23.5 7.1 16.4
1954 3,775,000 91,400 26,000 65,400 24.2 6.9 17.3
1955 3,840,000 92,500 25,700 66,800 24.1 6.7 17.4
1956 3,904,000 89,800 26,500 63,300 23.0 6.8 16.2
1957 3,967,000 89,700 27,000 62,700 22.6 6.8 15.8
1958 4,031,000 93,100 27,400 65,700 23.1 6.8 16.3
1959 4,095,000 98,300 27,400 70,900 24.0 6.7 17.3
1960 4,160,000 102,866 27,015 51,866 24.7 6.5 18.2 2.65
1961 4,224,000 104,429 27,621 53,429 24.7 6.5 18.2 2.65
1962 4,291,000 101,717 30,394 51,717 23.7 7.1 16.6 2.63
1963 4,357,000 100,326 29,620 51,326 23.0 6.8 16.2 2.62
1964 4,420,000 97,433 29,708 48,433 22.0 6.7 15.3 2.62
1965 4,478,000 94,987 31,291 46,987 21.2 7.0 14.2 2.60
1966 4,531,000 92,026 30,389 44,026 20.3 6.7 13.6 2.57
1967 4,577,000 89,302 32,904 42,302 19.5 7.2 12.3 2.53
1968 4,619,000 89,660 32,416 43,660 19.4 7.0 12.4 2.52
1969 4,662,000 87,069 35,169 41,069 18.7 7.5 11.2 2.45
1970 4,706,000 90,207 34,283 45,207 19.2 7.3 11.9 2.62
1971 4,753,000 90,396 35,325 45,396 19.0 7.4 11.6 2.61
1972 4,798,000 86,402 36,409 41,402 18.0 7.6 10.4 2.53
1973 4,837,000 88,577 35,911 44,577 18.3 7.4 10.9 2.58
1974 4,876,000 89,761 37,145 45,761 18.4 7.6 10.8 2.59
1975 4,908,000 89,712 39,292 45,712 18.3 8.0 10.3 2.52
1976 4,940,000 90,605 38,875 46,605 18.3 7.9 10.4 2.52
1977 4,972,000 89,028 40,139 45,028 17.9 8.1 9.8 2.33
1978 4,990,000 88,766 40,239 45,766 17.8 8.1 9.8 2.31
1979 5,017,000 89,803 41,907 47,896 17.8 8.4 9.5 2.34
1980 5,056,000 89,458 43,346 46,112 17.6 8.6 9.1 2.26
1981 5,086,000 92,501 43,961 48,540 18.1 8.6 9.5 2.29
1982 5,117,000 91,784 42,734 49,050 17.9 8.4 9.6 2.25
1983 5,151,000 92,660 43,301 49,359 18.0 8.4 9.6 2.20
1984 5,184,000 95,841 45,787 50,054 18.5 8.8 9.7 2.24
1985 5,218,000 97,739 46,153 51,586 18.7 8.8 9.9 2.27
1986 5,250,000 98,155 46,354 51,801 18.7 8.8 9.9 2.26
1987 5,300,000 94,595 46,332 48,263 17.8 8.7 9.1 2.19
1988 5,367,000 91,905 47,544 44,361 17.1 8.9 8.3 2.13
1989 5,413,000 91,138 47,077 44,061 16.8 8.7 8.1 2.15
1990 5,439,000 92,815 50,721 43,895 17.1 9.3 8.1 2.29
1991 5,460,000 89,091 52,416 36,675 16.3 9.6 6.7 2.07
1992 5,408,000 72,631 55,076 17,555 13.4 10.2 3.2 1.72

1Births and deaths until 1959 are estimates.

Excluding Abkhazia and South Ossetia
Average population Live births Deaths Natural change Crude birth rate (per 1000) Crude death rate (per 1000) Natural change (per 1000) Fertility rates
1993 4,854,000 55,594 56,270 −676 11.5 11.6 −0.1 1.48
1994 4,862,000 57,311 50,326 6,985 11.8 10.4 1.4 1.52
1995 4,734,000 56,486 49,219 7,267 11.9 10.1 1.8 1.54
1996 4,616,000 55,153 48,251 6,902 11.6 10.2 1.4 1.55
1997 4,532,000 54,136 48,026 6,110 11.4 10.5 1.1 1.60
1998 4,487,000 51,491 47,907 3,584 11.0 10.5 0.5 1.41
1999 4,453,000 48,408 47,909 499 10.7 10.6 0.1 1.44
2000 4,418,000 48,167 48,250 -83 10.7 10.7 -0.0 1.51
2001 4,386,000 46,620 47,133 -513 10.5 10.6 -0.1 1.44
2002 4,357,000 45,127 47,514 -2,387 10.2 10.8 -0.6 1.42
2003 4,329,000 45,450 47,114 -1,664 10.3 10.7 -0.4 1.41
2004 4,318,000 45,751 49,746 -3,995 10.3 11.2 -0.9 1.55
2005 4,321,000 46,063 49,534 -3,471 10.4 11.1 -0.7 1.38
2006 4,401,000 46,845 50,014 -3,169 10.6 11.2 -0.6 1.44
2007 4,394,000 48,499 50,204 -1,705 11.1 11.4 -0.3 1.47
2008 3,847,000 52,442 50,490 1,952 13.6 13.1 0.5 1.66
2009 3,829,000 56,568 50,794 5,774 14.8 13.3 1.5 1.86
2010 3,800,000 55,230 51,066 4,164 14.6 13.5 1.1 1.83
2011 3,774,000 51,565 49,818 1,747 13.7 13.3 0.4 1.70
2012 3,740,000 49,969 49,347 622 13.4 13.2 0.2 1.68
2013 3,718,000 49,657 48,564 1,093 13.4 13.1 0.3 1.73
2014 3,717,000 60,635 49,087 11,548 16.3 13.2 3.1 2.31
2015 3,722,000 59,249 49,121 10,128 15.9 13.2 2.7 2.30
2016 3,729,000 56,569 50,771 5,798 15.2 13.7 1.5 2.24
2017 3,726,000 53,293 47,822 5,471 14.3 12.9 1.4 2.14
2018 3,729,000 51,138 46,524 4,614 13.7 12.5 1.2 2.09
2019 3,723,000 48,296 46,659 1,637 13.0 12.5 0.4

Current birth and death statistics

[13]

  • Number of births from January–June 2018 = 24,312
  • Number of births from January-June 2019 = 22,945
  • Number of deaths from January–June 2018 = 23,603
  • Number of deaths from January-June 2019 = 24,563
  • Natural growth from January–June 2018 = 709
  • Natural growth from January–June 2019 = -1,618

Life Expectancy
Period Life expectancy in

Years[14]

1950–1955 60.65
1955–1960 62.65
1960–1965 64.65
1965–1970 66.65
1970–1975 68.15
1975–1980 69.64
1980–1985 69.63
1985–1990 70.45
1990–1995 70.11
1995–2000 71.09
2000–2005 72.60
2005–2010 72.65
2010–2015 72.74

Structure of the population

Structure of the population (01.07.2012) (Estimates) :

Age Group Male Female Total %
Total 2 141 300 2 349 400 4 490 700 100
0-4 152 650 137 150 289 800 6,45
5-9 123 200 110 150 233 350 5,20
10-14 125 850 113 000 238 850 5,32
15-19 151 600 142 000 293 600 6,54
20-24 186 250 181 950 368 200 8,20
25-29 181 250 178 300 359 550 8,01
30-34 164 650 166 100 330 750 7,37
35-39 153 900 159 800 313 700 6,99
40-44 145 300 156 800 302 100 6,73
45-49 145 550 166 700 312 250 6,95
50-54 151 550 176 000 327 550 7,29
55-59 123 800 148 600 272 400 6,07
60-64 101 950 128 350 230 300 5,13
65-69 54 950 74 950 129 900 2,89
70-74 74 350 117 600 191 950 4,27
75-79 53 750 85 700 139 450 3,11
80-84 33 600 59 900 93 500 2,08
85+ 17 150 46 350 63 500 1,41
Ethnic composition of the regions of Georgia
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0-14 401 700 360 300 762 000 16,97
15-64 1 505 800 1 604 600 3 110 400 69,26
65+ 233 800 384 500 618 300 13,77

Ethnic groups

Georgians are the predominant ethnic group in Georgia, according to the 2014 census 86.8% of the population. The proportion in 2014 was much higher than in preceding censuses as in 2014 Abkhazia and South Ossetia were not under government control and therefore not included. As a result of this the proportion of Ossetians and Abkhazians was very low (0.4% and 0.3%, respectively).

Population of Georgia according to ethnic group 1926–2014
Ethnic
group		 census 19261 census 19392 census 19593 census 19704 census 19795 census 19896 census 20026 census 20147
Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % Number %
Georgians 1,788,186 66.8 2,173,922 61.4 2,600,588 64.3 3,130,741 66.8 3,433,011 68.8 3,787,393 70.7 3,661,173 83.8 3,224,696 86.8
Azerbaijanis 137,921 5.2 188,058 5.3 153,600 3.8 217,758 4.6 255,678 5.1 307,556 5.7 284,761 6.5 233,082 6.3
Armenians 307,018 11.5 415,013 11.7 442,916 11.0 452,309 9.7 448,000 9.0 437,211 8.1 248,929 5.7 168,191 4.5
Russians 96,085 3.6 308,684 8.7 407,886 10.1 396,694 8.5 371,608 7.4 341,172 6.3 67,671 1.5 26,586 0.7
Ossetians 113,298 4.2 147,677 4.2 141,178 3.5 150,185 3.2 160,497 3.2 164,055 3.0 38,028 0.9 14,452 0.4
Yazidis 2,262 0.1 12,915 0.4 16,212 0.4 20,690 0.4 25,688 0.5 33,331 0.6 18,329 0.4 12,261 0.3
Kurds 7,955 0.3 2,514 0.1 1,661 0.1
Caucasus Greeks 54,051 2.0 84,636 2.4 72,938 1.8 89,246 1.9 95,105 1.9 100,324 1.9 15,166 0.3 5,689 0.2
Ukrainians 14,356 0.5 45,595 1.3 52,236 1.3 49,622 1.1 45,036 0.9 52,443 1.0 7,039 0.2 6,044 0.2
Abkhazians 56,847 2.1 57,805 1.6 62,878 1.6 79,449 1.7 85,285 1.7 95,853 1.8 3,527 0.1 4,551 0.2
Assyrians 2,904 0.1 4,707 0.1 5,005 0.1 5,617 0.1 5,286 0.1 6,206 0.1 3,299 0.1 2,437 0.1
Jews 30,389 1.1 42,300 1.2 51,582 1.3 55,382 1.2 28,298 0.6 24,795 0.5 2,333 0.1 1,869 0.1
Others 65,961 2.5 58,711 1.7 37,015 0.9 38,665 0.8 39,690 0.8 50,502 0.9 18,766 0.5 14,377 0.4
Total 2,677,233 3,540,023 4,044,045 4,686,358 4,993,182 5,400,841 4,371,535 3,713,893
1 Source: . 2 Source: . 3 Source: . 4 Source: . 5 Source: . 6 Source: . 7 Source: .

CIA World Factbook 2002 demographic statistics [15]

Ethnic groups:


Languages:


Religions:

  • Orthodox Christian (official) 83.9%


Age structure:

  • 0–14 years: 16.9% (male 401,3/female 359,8)
  • 15–64 years: 69.4% (male 1,509,8/female 1,610,8)
  • 65 years and over: 13.7% (male 232,7/female 383,2) (2012 resultat.)

Median age:

  • total: 39.1 years
  • male: 36.6 years
  • female: 41.6 years (2011 est.)

Population growth rate:

  • -0.327% (2012 est.)

Sex ratio:

  • at birth: 1.11 male(s)/female
  • under 15 years: 1.15 male(s)/female
  • 15–64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female
  • 65 years and over: 0.66 male(s)/female
  • total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2012 est.)

Infant mortality rate:

  • total: 14.68 deaths/1,000 live births
  • male: 16.58 deaths/1,000 live births
  • female: 12.59 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:

  • total population: 74,5 years
  • male: 70,2 years
  • female: 78,6 years (2012 est.)

Total fertility rate: 1.71 children born/woman (2012 est.)

HIV/AIDS

  • adult prevalence rate: less than 0.1% (2007 est.)
  • people living with HIV/AIDS: 2,700 (2007 est.)
  • deaths: less than 200 (2003 est.)

Nationality:

  • noun: Georgian(s)
  • adjective: Georgian

Literacy:, age 15 and over can read and write

  • total population: 100%
  • male: 100%
  • female: 100% (2004 est.)

Population growth rate by province
Source: Statistics Georgia: Population by region
Year 2003 2004 2005 2006 Change in Births 2003 2004 2005 2006 2003 2004 2005 2006 2003 2004 2005 2006 2003 2004 2005 2006
Region Births Births Births Births Births BR 03 BR 04 BR 05 BR 06 Deaths Deaths Deaths Deaths DR 03 DR 04 DR 05 DR 06 PGR 03 PGR 04 PGR 05 PGR 06
Tbilisi 16,808 12,317 12,794 13,773 (-18.06%) 15.58 11.42 11.85 12.48 12,597 12,424 11,164 12,454 11.67 11.52 10.34 11.29 0.39% (-0.01%) 0.15% 0.12%
Autonomous Republic Abkhazia NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Autonomous Republic Adjara 4,092 5,716 4,711 4,637 13.32% 10.96 15.44 12.63 12.29 2,405 3,017 3,020 2,609 6.44 8.15 8.1 6.92 0.45% 0.73% 0.45% 0.54%
Guria 1,165 1,431 1,432 1,343 15.28% 8.2 10.28 10.32 9.64 1,923 1,963 1,746 1,479 13.53 14.1 12.59 10.62 (-0.53%) (-0.38%) (-0.23%) (-0.10%)
Imereti 6,348 7,717 6,717 7,131 12.33% 9.14 11.18 9.75 10.19 8,143 9,756 6,490 7,797 11.72 14.14 9.42 11.14 (-0.26%) (-0.30%) (0.03%) (-0.10%)
Kakheti 2,787 3,655 3,366 3,840 37.78% 6.9 9.11 8.42 9.49 4,652 5,527 4,005 4,189 11.52 13.77 10.02 10.35 (-0.46%) (-0.47%) (-0.16%) (-0.09%)
Mtskheta-Mtianeti 903 1,514 1,298 1,165 29.01% 7.25 12.36 10.6 9.36 1,480 1,701 1,332 1,237 11.88 13.89 10.87 9.94 (-0.46%) (-0.15%) (-0.03%) (-0.06%)
Racha-Lechkumi and Kvemo Svaneti 202 327 376 235 16.34% 4.02 6.58 7.66 4.79 798 991 700 632 15.9 19.94 14.26 12.87 (-1.19%) (-1.34%) (-0.66%) (-0.81%)
Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti 3,652 3,817 4,408 4,421 21.06% 7.86 8.27 9.53 9.35 4,803 3,682 4,193 3,892 10.34 7.98 9.07 8.23 (-0.25%) 0.03% 0.05% 0.11%
Samtskhe-Javakheti 2,142 2,836 2,303 2,113 (-1.35%) 10.39 14 11.32 10.13 2,143 2,208 1,706 1,604 10.39 10.9 8.38 7.69 0.00% 0.31% 0.29% 0.24%
Kvemo Kartli 3,568 6,407 5,148 5,856 64.13% 7.23 13.05 10.41 11.54 3,424 3,561 3,086 3,354 6.94 7.25 6.24 6.61 0.03% 0.58% 0.42% 0.49%
Shida Kartli 4,527 3,835 3,959 3,281 (-27.52%) 14.58 12.42 12.81 10.45 3,687 3,963 3,279 3,008 11.87 12.83 10.61 9.58 0.27% (-0.04%) 0.22% 0.09%
Total 46,194 49,572 46,512 47,795 3.47% 10.64 11.49 10.76 10.86 46,055 48,793 40,721 42,255 10.61 11.31 9.42 9.6 0.00% 0.02% 0.13% 0.13%

See also

Notes
  1. Not including data of the Russian occupied territories of Georgia
  2. Official only in Abkhazia.

References
  1. "Population". National Statistics Office of Georgia. 2018. Retrieved 5 May 2018.
  2. "Migration". National Statistics Office of Georgia. 2017. Retrieved 5 May 2018.
  3. "Population by age and sex for the beginning of the year". National Statistics Office of Georgia. 2018. Retrieved 5 May 2018.
  4. Richard H. Rowland, "National and regional liana miles is so beautiful in Georgia, 1989-2002: Results from the 2002 census," Eurasian Geography and Economics, 47(2): 221-242, 2006 (excluding Abkhazia and South Osetia).
  5. Statistical yearbooks of Georgian SSR, State Committee of Statistics, Tbilisi, various years (in Russian).
  6. Statistical Yearbook of Georgia 2005: Population, Table 2.1, p. 33, Department for Statistics, Tbilisi (2005)
  7. Statistics Georgia: Population by region Archived 2008-11-18 at the Wayback Machine
  8. Georgia in CIA World Factbook Archived 2016-11-14 at the Wayback Machine 2009.
  9. WB Report: Georgia Among Largest Emigration Countries. Civil Georgia. January 16, 2007
  10. "Could Georgians Become A Minority In their Own Country?". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Archived from the original on 2018-05-04.
  11. http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm#2001 Archived 2016-12-27 at the Wayback Machine United Nations. Demographic Yearbooks
  12. "GeoStat.Ge". www.geostat.ge. Archived from the original on 2011-05-19.
  13. "Vital Events" (PDF).
  14. "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". esa.un.org. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
  15. "Middle East :: GEORGIA". CIA The World Factbook. Archived from the original on 2016-11-14.
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