Achang language
The Achang language (Achang: Ngachang; Chinese: 阿昌, Burmese: အာချန်) is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken by the Achang (also known as Maingtha and Ngochang) in Yunnan, China, and northern Myanmar.[3]
| Achang | |
|---|---|
| Ngachang အာချန် / ငါချန် | |
| Pronunciation | [ŋa˨˩tʂhaŋ˨˩] |
| Native to | China, Myanmar |
| Ethnicity | Achang |
Native speakers | (60,000 cited 1990–2007)[1] |
Sino-Tibetan
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | acn |
| Glottolog | acha1252[2] |
Distribution
Achang is spoken in the following locations (阿昌语简志):
- Longchuan County, Dehong Prefecture
- Husa 户撒
- Lianghe County, Dehong Prefecture
- Zhedao 遮岛
- Xiangsong 襄宋
- Dachang 大厂
- Luxi City, Dehong Prefecture
- Jiangdong 江东
- Longling County, Baoshan
The Xiandao 仙岛 dialect (100 speakers; autonym kʰan˧˩tau˧˩) is spoken in the following two locations in Yingjiang County, Dehong Prefecture (Xiandaoyu Yanjiu).
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | pʰ b | tʰ d | cʰ ɟ | kʰ g | ʔ | |
| Affricate | tsʰ dz | tʃʰ dʒ | ||||
| Fricative | s | ʃ | ç | h | ||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||
| Approximant | w | l | j |
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ɯ | u |
| Mid | ɛ | ɔ | |
| Open | aˑ a |
Syntax
Achang word order is subject-object-verb (SOV). There is no dominant order for nouns and their adjective modifiers.[7]
Further reading
- Hill, Nathan, & Cooper, Douglas. (2020). A machine readable collection of lexical data on the Burmish languages [Data set]. Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3759030
- Inglis, Douglas. 2003. A preliminary phonology of Ngochang. Payap University, Graduate School, Linguistics Department.
- Nasaw Sampu, Wilai Jaseng, Thocha Jana, and Douglas Inglis (2005). A preliminary Ngochang - Kachin- English Lexicon. Payap University, Graduate School, Linguistics Department.
- Yabu Shirō 藪 司郎 (1990). "The Achang Language of Burma." アジアの諸言語と一般言語学 Ajia no shogengo to ippan gengogaku / Asian languages and general linguistics. 崎山理 Osamu Sakiyama, et al. Tokyo: 三省堂 Sanseidō. 124-141.
References
- Achang at Ethnologue (19th ed., 2016)
- Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Achangic". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- "Achang". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2019-02-06.
- http://www.ynszxc.gov.cn/villagePage/vindex.aspx?departmentid=150440
- http://www.ynszxc.gov.cn/villagePage/vindex.aspx?departmentid=150426
- Inglis, Douglas. "A preliminary phonology of Ngochang". Cite journal requires
|journal=(help) - "WALS Online - Language Achang". wals.info. Retrieved 2019-02-06.
External links
- Dryer, Matthew S.; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Achang language". World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
- Bible in Achang
- Listen to a sample of Achang from Global Recordings Network
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