Ili Turki language
Ili Turki is an endangered[3] Turkic language spoken primarily in China. In 2007, it was reported that there were around 30 families using it in China.
| Ili Turki | |
|---|---|
| İlı turkeşi | |
| Native to | China, Kazakhstan |
| Region | Xinjiang |
Native speakers | (120 in China cited 1980)[1] 30 families in China (2007); moribund in Kazakhstan |
Turkic
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | ili |
| Glottolog | ilit1241[2] |
Classification
Ili Turki appears to belong to the Chagatay group of Turkic languages, although it exhibits a number of features that suggest a Kipchak substratum.[4] [5]
A comparison of Ili Turki's Chagatay and Kipchak features is shown below:
| Kazakh (Kipchak) | Ili Turki | Uzbek (Chagatay) | English | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| *G > w after low vowels | taw | taw | tɒɣ | mountain |
| Genitive assimilation | tyje+niŋ / et+tiŋ | tʉjæ+nin / et+tin | tʉjæ+niŋ / et+niŋ | of the camel / of the meat |
| *G > w > Ø after high vowels | sarɨ | sarɨq | sarɨq | yellow |
| Loss of geminate consonants | seɡiz | sekkiz | sækkiz | eight |
Geographic distribution
Ili Turki is in China's Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture along the Ili River and its tributaries and in Yining. There may be some speakers in Kazakhstan. Ili Turki has no official status in either country.
Sounds
Consonants
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||||||||
| Plosive | p | b | t | d | tʃ | dʒ | k | ɡ | q | |||
| Fricative | s | z | ʃ | χ | ʁ | h | ||||||
| Tap | ɾ | |||||||||||
| Approximant | l | j | w | |||||||||
See also
Notes
References
- Ili Turki at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Ili Turki". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- Christopher Moseley, "Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages", published by Routledge, 2007
- Zhào Xiāngrú and Reinhard F. Hahn (1989). "The Ili Turk People and Their Language". Central Asiatic Journal. 33 (3/4): 261–285.
- Reinhard F. Hahn (1991). "An Annotated Sample of Ili Turki". Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. 45 (1): 31–53.
External links
 |
Ili Turki language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator |
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