Lolopo language

Lolopo (autonyms: lɔ˨˩lo˧pʰɔ˨˩, lo˧˩lo˧˩pʰo˧˩; Chinese: 倮倮泼; Central Yi) is a Loloish language spoken by half a million Yi people of China. Chinese linguists call it "Central Yi" as well, which is one of the six Yi languages recognized by the government of China.

Not to be confused with Lipo language.
Lolopo
Central Yi
Native toChina
EthnicityYi
Native speakers
570,000 (2002–2007)[2]
Sino-Tibetan
Yi script
Language codes
ISO 639-3ycl – inclusive code
Individual code:
ysp – Southern Lolopo[3]
Glottologlolo1259[4]

Names

Lolo speakers are referred to by a variety of exonyms. Below is a list of exonyms followed by their respective autonyms and demographics.[5]

  • Mili: lo˨˩lo˧ pʰo˨˩ (spoken by about 12,000 people in Jingdong County). Also called Alie.
  • Enipu 厄尼蒲 (ɣɯ˥ni˨˩ pa̠˨˩ 'water buffalo people', an offensive exonym used by Lalo speakers): lo˨˩lo˧ pʰo˨˩ (spoken in Nanjian County). Spoken by nearly 20,000 people in Weishan County (Qinghua Township) and Nanjian County (in Wuliang, Xiaowandong, and Langcang townships)
  • Tu 土 (Tuzu 土族): lo˨˩lo˧ pʰo˨˩ (spoken by nearly 10,000 people in southern Xiangyun County)
  • Qiangyi 羌夷: lɔ̠˨˩lɔ˧ sɨ˥ (spoken by nearly 15,000 people in northern and central Xiangyun County)
  • Eastern Lalu: lo̠˨˩lo̠˧ (spoken by nearly 20,000 people in Xinping County and Zhenyuan County)
  • Lolo (of northeastern Binchuan County): lo̠˨˩lo˧ pʰo˨˩
  • Xiangtang 香堂 (spoken in Zhenkang County). Widespread distribution in Jinggu, Zhenyuan, Pu'er, Jiangcheng, Mengla, Jinghong, and Zhenkang counties, with perhaps under 80,000 speakers.
  • Lolo (of Nanhua County): lo̠˨˩lo̠˧ pʰo˨˩
  • Lolo (of Yao'an County): lo˨˩la˧ pʰo˨˩
  • Wotizo: wɔ˨˩ti˧ zɔ˨˩ (Yang 2010:7)[6]

Classification

Yang (2011) proposes this tentative internal classification of Lolo.

  • Southern Lolo (?)
    • Western Lolo (Southern Lolopo in Ethnologue, ISO 639 ysp)
    • Xiangtang
    • Jingdong Lolo (Mili)
  • Southern Dali Lolo (Enipu)
  • Nanhua Lolo
    • Eastern Lalu
    • Tu
  • Binchuan Lolo (?)
  • Yao'an Lolo (Qiangyi) (?)

The Chuxiong Prefecture Ethnic Gazetteer (2013:364)[7] lists the following cognacy percentages between Lolopo 罗罗濮 and other Yi languages in Chuxiong Prefecture.

  • Ache 阿车: 74.86% (211/282)
  • Chesu 车苏: 55% (155/282)
  • Luowu 罗武: 75.89% (214/282)
  • Shansu 山苏: 78.4% (221/282)
  • Lipo 里濮: 93.36% (253/271)

References
  1. Hammarström (2015) Ethnologue 16/17/18th editions: a comprehensive review: online appendices
  2. Lolopo at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
    Southern Lolopo[1] at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  3. Hammarström (2015) Ethnologue 16/17/18th editions: a comprehensive review: online appendices
  4. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Lolopo". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  5. Yang, Cathryn. 2011. Assessment of the Lolo languages: Current understanding and recommended next steps. m.s.
  6. Yang, Cathryn. 2010. Lalo regional varieties: Phylogeny, dialectometry, and sociolinguistics. Melbourne: La Trobe University PhD dissertation. http://arrow.latrobe.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.9/153015.
  7. 楚雄彝族自治州民族事务委员会编. 2013. 楚雄彝族自治州民族志. 云南民族出版社.
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