Uttarandhra

Uttarandhra
Kalinga Andhra
Region of Andhra Pradesh

Uttar Andhra region in Andhra Pradesh is Highlighted in the map
Country India
State Andhra Pradesh
Boroughs
Population
 • Total 93,32,060
Languages
 • Official Telugu
Time zone UTC+05:30 (IST)
Largest city Visakhapatnam
Megalithic Dolmen of Iron Age period at Dannanapeta near Amudalavalasa
Evening scenic view in peddipalem village of Visakhapatnam District

Uttarandhra or Kalinga Andhra is a region consisting of three North coastal districts of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The Uttarandhra region comprises the districts of Srikakulam, Vizianagaram and Visakhapatnam.[1] These districts were once under Kalinga dynasty. As of 2011 Census of India, the region with three districts as a population of 93,32,060.

The region is in the extreme Northeast of Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The region is skirted to a distance by Kandivalasagedda, Vamsadhara and Bahuda at certain stretches of their courses white a line of heights of the great Eastern Ghats run from North East. East Godavari District flanks in the southwest while Odisha bounds it on the north and Bay of Bengal on the South and the East. Visakhapatnam is the largest city of the region in terms of population and area.

Etymology

It is also referred as Kalinga Andhra as the region was once under the rule of Kalinga dynasty.

West Entrance of the Vizianagaram fort in Andhra Pradesh

Parliament Constituencies

The parliament constituencies of Uttar Andhra are

Geography

South West Monsoon : 1000–1100 mm. Temperatures range from Max. 33-36 °C & Min. 26-27 °C. Red soils and Black soils with clay base, Pockets of acidic soils, laterite soils, Soils with PH 4-5.[2]

Rivers

Nagavali River rises in the eastern slopes of the Eastern Ghats near Lakhbahal in the Kalahandi district of Odisha at an elevation of about 1,300 metres.The total length of the river is about 256 km, of which 161 km are in Odisha and the rest in Andhra Pradesh. The catchment area of the basin is 9,510 square km. Nagavali is an interstate river with 4462 km2 and 5048 km2 river basin area located in Odisha and Andhra Pradesh respectively. The river basin receives 1000 mm average rain fall annually. The uplands of the river basin are hilly areas with predominantly tribal populated. It drains parts of the Kalahandi, Rayagada and Koraput districts of Odisha and Srikakulam, Vizianagaram and Visakhapatnam districts of Andhra Pradesh.[3]

Vamsadhara River originates in the border of Thuamul Rampur in the Kalahandi district and Kalyansinghpur in Rayagada district of Odisha and runs for a distance of about 254 kilometers, where it joins the Bay of Bengal at Kalingapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. The total catchement area of the river basin is about 10,830 square kilometers.[4]

Economy

Agriculture

Major crops grown in this region are

Rice, Black gram, Green gram, Groundnut, Sugarcane, Sesame, Pearl millet, Mesta, finger millets, Horse gram.[5] This region is home to many co-operative sugar factories, jute mills, cashew processing industries. Visakha Dairy is second biggest co-operative dairy in India.

Industries

Visakhapatnam is the biggest city of the region and is placed 10th among the top 15 cities contributing to India's overall Gross domestic product.[6] The industrial city, Visakhapatnam has contributed a GDP of $26 billion. The city is home for various state owned heavy industries and a steel plant.

Visakhapatnam is also fast merging as an IT and Start-Up hub in the region. The government is working towards convincing Blue-Chip multinational companies to setup their offices in Visakhapatnam.

Anakapalle is a trade hub 36 km from Visakhapatnam city and is very famous for the huge Jaggery Market. Anakapalle Jaggery is considered to be one of the most durable and tastiest varieties in the country.

Palasa-Kasibugga is the center of cashew industries in the Srikakulam district. There are around 200 cashew processing industries around Palasa town. These twin towns are the largest cashew producing towns of Andhra Pradesh and are among the largest processing centres in India. The cashew industry provides direct and indirect employment to about 15,000 people in the surrounding areas.[9]

Ponduru hand-loom where the finest khadi is woven. Khadi from Ponduru is famous among Khadi lovers of the entire country. Mahatma Gandhi is also said to have been surprised at the finesse of the Khadi produced here and he always preferred khadi from this village. Khadi from this region is exported to various countries like America, Denmark, Japan and Sweden.[10]

Jute mills and dairy products industry like Visakha Dairy contribute to the economy of the region[11]

Education

Universities

Andhra University, Visakhapatnam.

Medical colleges

Central Institutions

Culture

Cuisine

Cuisine of this area still has its own distinctive flavours and unique taste, while it shares many similarities with the Andhra region cuisine.While Visakhapatnam district has its own distinct Dialect and Cuisine which is closer to the rest of Andhra, Vizianagaram and Srikakulam have a slight difference in taste compared to rest of Andhra.

Visakhapatnam has a different dialect and cuisine compared to vizianagaram and Srikakulam.

Mostly in Vizianagaram and Srikakulam, they like to eat many of their foods really sweet unlike other regions of Andhra Pradesh. While most of the cuisine is very spicy, they often cook lentils in jaggery (referred to as Bellam pappu) enjoyed with butter and steamed rice.

They cook vegetables in gravies of Menthipettina Kura (Fenugreek seed paste), Avapettina Kura(mustard seed paste), Nuvvugunda Kura (sesame seed paste), etc. Ullikaram is another popular dish where vegetables or corn seeds are flavored in shallots or onion paste.

While regular Andhra fare like Idli, Dosa, Upma, Poori etc.. are common in the region, Pesarattu topped with onions and ginger, served with allam chutney is a favourite Breakfast item. Pesara Punugulu with ulli chutney is a popular item in visakha region. Patoli is a favorite breakfast time or festive time dish in Srikakulam. Patoli is soaked up split black chickpeas (Senagapappu or Chana Dal) ground to a coarse paste and seasoned in coriander seeds, onions and at times with cluster beans (Goruchikkudukayi). Uppupindi is coarsely Broken Rice upma steamed with vegetables and tempering seeds. This dish is had during festive days when people would fast during the day and have it at night.

Inguva charu is a stew popular among adults and kids, is a sour and sweet stew made with Tamarind and Asafoetida (Inguva) It can be had with rice or uppupindi. Bellam pulusu is another highly flavored thick sweet stew made out of rice flour, Jaggery (cane sugar), corn cobs and whole Shallots.

The Pickles in this region varies from other regions of Andhra Pradesh. They sun-dry mango pieces with mustard powder, red pepper powder and salt soaked in sesame oil, to give the pickle extended shelf life, and the result is a darker hue and sweeter taste. This method is followed to prevent spoiling despite the high moisture from the Bay of Bengal coast.[12]

The people of the region are great lovers of sweet dishes. You find a wide variety of sweets like Boorelu, Paramannam, Payasam, Ariselu, Pongadalu etc... Madugula Halwa is a very unique and famous variety of Halwa from Visakha region.

Notable personalities

Anglo Indians Born in Uttarandhra

Tourism

Statue of Radha-Krishna on Beach Road

Visakhapatnam city has a range of tourist attractions including beaches, hilltop parks facing the sea, a beach road, a zoological park and wildlife sanctuary, a submarine museum, hill stations, limestone caves, mountain ranges and valleys. Araku Valley is a hill station.

Religious Destinations

Simhachalam Temple

Transport

NH16 and NH 26 passes through most of the Uttarandhra towns.[20] The East Coast Railway serves Srikakulam, Vizianagaram District, and part of Visakhapatnam district including Visakhapatnam City and remaining under South Central Railway zone. Visakhapatnam Airport is a customs airport situated in the region. Visakhapatnam Port, Gangavaram Port are the major seaports. Some minor ports are at Bhavanapadu, Kalingapatnam, Bheemunipatnam.[21]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Uttarandhra in a State of Plenty, Penury". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 2016-05-08.
  2. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 15 September 2013. Retrieved 8 December 2013.
  3. ↑ Nagavali River
  4. ↑ Vamsadhara River
  5. ↑ "Agro Climatic Regions in Andhra Pradesh".
  6. ↑ Sat 3 Nov 2012, 8:24 PM IST - India Markets closed (2012-09-28). "India's top 15 cities with the highest GDP Photos | Pictures - Yahoo! India Finance". In.finance.yahoo.com. Retrieved 2012-11-03.
  7. ↑ Visakhapatnam Refinery
  8. ↑ Hindustan Shipyard
  9. ↑ Palasa-Kasibugga
  10. ↑ Ponduru
  11. ↑ "Visakhadairy-Home Page".
  12. ↑ Telugu cuisine#Uttarandhra
  13. ↑ "Telugu Cinema Etc - Idlebrain.com".
  14. ↑ "The Hindu : A versatile personality".
  15. ↑ "Vizagites 'dil toot gaya' - Bay News – Vizag News Online".
  16. ↑ ":: Kalinga World :: Kutikuppala Suryarao ::".
  17. ↑ ":: Kalinga World :: Boddepalli Satyavati ::".
  18. ↑ ":: Kalinga World :: Killi Appala Naidu ::".
  19. ↑ ":: Kalinga World :: H J Dora ::".
  20. ↑ National Highway 43 (India)
  21. ↑ "For Andhra Pradesh Department of Ports".

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