List of regions in the human brain

Drawing of a human brain

The human brain anatomical regions are ordered following standard neuroanatomy hierarchies. Functional, connective, and developmental regions are listed in parentheses where appropriate.

Hindbrain (rhombencephalon)

Myelencephalon

Medulla oblongata
- Medullary pyramids
- Olivary body
  - Inferior olivary nucleus
- Rostral ventrolateral medulla
- Caudal ventrolateral medulla
- Solitary nucleus
- Respiratory center-Respiratory groups
  - Dorsal respiratory group
  - Ventral respiratory group or Apneustic centre
    - Pre-Bötzinger complex
    - Botzinger complex
    - Retrotrapezoid nucleus
    - Nucleus retrofacialis
    - Nucleus retroambiguus
    - Nucleus para-ambiguus
- Paramedian reticular nucleus
- Gigantocellular reticular nucleus
- Parafacial zone
- Cuneate nucleus
- Gracile nucleus
- Perihypoglossal nuclei
- Area postrema
- Medullary cranial nerve nuclei

Metencephalon

Pons
- Pontine nuclei
- Pontine cranial nerve nuclei
  - chief or pontine nucleus of the trigeminal nerve sensory nucleus (V)
  - Motor nucleus for the trigeminal nerve (V)
  - Abducens nucleus (VI)
  - Facial nerve nucleus (VII)
  - vestibulocochlear nuclei (vestibular nuclei and cochlear nuclei) (VIII)
  - Superior salivatory nucleus
- Pontine tegmentum
  - Pontine micturition center (Barrington's nucleus)
  - Locus coeruleus
  - Pedunculopontine nucleus
  - Laterodorsal tegmental nucleus
  - Tegmental pontine reticular nucleus
- Parabrachial area
  - Medial parabrachial nucleus
  - Lateral parabrachial nucleus
  - Subparabrachial nucleus (Kölliker-Fuse nucleus)
    - Pontine respiratory group
- Superior olivary complex
  - Medial superior olive
  - Lateral superior olive
  - Medial nucleus of the trapezoid body
- Paramedian pontine reticular formation
- Parvocellular reticular nucleus
- Caudal pontine reticular nucleus
- Cerebellar peduncles
Fourth ventricle
Cerebellum

Midbrain (mesencephalon)

Tectum
- Corpora quadrigemina
  - inferior colliculi
  - superior colliculi
Pretectum
Tegmentum
- Periaqueductal gray
- Rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus
- Midbrain reticular formation
- Dorsal raphe nucleus
- Red nucleus
- Ventral tegmental area
  - Parabrachial pigmented nucleus
  - Paranigral nucleus
  - Rostromedial tegmental nucleus
- Caudal linear nucleus
- Rostral linear nucleus of the raphe
- Interfascicular nucleus
- Substantia nigra
  - Pars compacta
  - Pars reticulata
- Interpeduncular nucleus
Cerebral peduncle
- Crus cerebri
Mesencephalic cranial nerve nuclei
- Oculomotor nucleus (III)
- Edinger-Westphal nucleus
- Trochlear nucleus (IV)
Mesencephalic duct (cerebral aqueduct, aqueduct of Sylvius)

Forebrain (prosencephalon)

Diencephalon

Epithalamus

Third ventricle

Submatongo organ

Thalamus

Anterior nuclear group
- Anteroventral nucleus (a.k.a. ventral anterior nucleus)
- Anterodorsal nucleus
- Anteromedial nucleus
Medial nuclear group
- Medial dorsal nucleus
- Midline nuclear group
- Paratenial nucleus
- Reuniens nucleus
- Rhomboidal nucleus
- Intralaminar nuclear group
- Centromedian nucleus
- Parafascicular nucleus
- Paracentral nucleus
- Central lateral nucleus
Lateral nuclear group
Ventral nuclear group
Metathalamus
- Medial geniculate body
- Lateral geniculate body
Thalamic reticular nucleus

Hypothalamus (limbic system) (HPA axis)

Anterior
- Medial area
  - Parts of preoptic area
    - Medial preoptic nucleus
      - INAH 1
      - INAH 2
      - INAH 3
      - INAH 4
  - Suprachiasmatic nucleus
  - Paraventricular nucleus
  - Supraoptic nucleus (mainly)
  - Anterior hypothalamic nucleus
- Lateral area
  - Parts of preoptic area
    - Lateral preoptic nucleus
  - Anterior part of Lateral nucleus
  - Part of supraoptic nucleus
- Other nuclei of preoptic area
  - median preoptic nucleus
  - periventricular preoptic nucleus
Tuberal
- Medial area
- Lateral area
  - Tuberal part of Lateral nucleus
  - Lateral tuberal nuclei
Posterior
- Medial area
  - Mammillary nuclei (part of mammillary bodies)
  - Posterior nucleus
- Lateral area
  - Posterior part of Lateral nucleus
Optic chiasm
Subfornical organ
Periventricular nucleus
Pituitary stalk
Tuber cinereum
- Tuberal nucleus
- Tuberomammillary nucleus
Tuberal region
Mammillary bodies
Mammillary nucleus

Subthalamus(HPA axis)

Pituitary gland (HPA axis)

Telencephalon (cerebrum) Cerebral hemispheres

red: frontal lobe

orange: parietal lobe

yellow: occipital lobe

green: temporal lobe

blue: cerebellum

black: brainstem

White matter

Subcortical

Hippocampus (Medial Temporal Lobe)
- Dentate gyrus
- Cornu ammonis (CA fields)
Amygdala (limbic system) (limbic lobe)
- Central nucleus (autonomic nervous system)
- Medial nucleus (accessory olfactory system)
- Cortical and basomedial nuclei (main olfactory system)
- Lateral and basolateral nuclei (frontotemporal cortical system)
Extended amygdala
- Stria terminalis
  - Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis
Claustrum
Basal ganglia
- Striatum
  - Dorsal striatum (a.k.a. neostriatum)
    - Putamen
    - Caudate nucleus
  - Ventral striatum
    - Nucleus accumbens
    - Olfactory tubercle
- Globus pallidus (forms nucleus lentiformis with putamen)
  - Ventral pallidum
- Subthalamic nucleus
Basal forebrain

Rhinencephalon (paleopallium)

Cerebral cortex (neopallium)

Frontal lobe
- Cortex
  - Primary motor cortex (Precentral gyrus, M1)
  - Supplementary motor cortex
  - Premotor cortex
  - Prefrontal cortex
    - Orbitofrontal cortex
    - Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
- Gyri
- Brodmann areas: 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 24, 25, 32, 33, 44, 45, 46, 47
Parietal lobe
- Cortex
- Gyri
  - Postcentral gyrus (Primary somesthetic area)
- Other
  - Precuneus
- Brodmann areas 1, 2, 3 (Primary somesthetic area); 5, 7, 23, 26, 29, 31, 39, 40
Occipital lobe
- Cortex
  - Primary visual cortex (V1)
  - V2
  - V3
  - V4
  - V5/MT
- Gyri
  - Lateral occipital gyrus
- Other
  - Cuneus
- Brodmann areas 17 (V1, primary visual cortex); 18, 19
Temporal lobe
- Cortex
  - Primary auditory cortex (A1)
  - secondary auditory cortex (A2)
  - Inferior temporal cortex
  - Posterior inferior temporal cortex
- Gyri
  - Superior temporal gyrus
  - Middle temporal gyrus
  - Inferior temporal gyrus
  - Entorhinal Cortex
  - Perirhinal Cortex
  - Parahippocampal gyrus
  - Fusiform gyrus
- Brodmann areas: 20, 21, 22, 27, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 41, 42
- Other
  - Medial superior temporal area (MST)
Insular cortex
Cingulate cortex
- Anterior cingulate
- Posterior cingulate
- Retrosplenial cortex
- Indusium griseum
- Subgenual area 25
- Brodmann areas 23, 24; 26, 29, 30 (retrosplenial areas); 31, 32

Neural pathways

Somatosensory system

Visual system

Auditory system

Nerves

Brain stem
- Cranial nerves

Neuro endocrine systems

Neuro vascular systems

Dural meningeal system

Brain-cerebrospinal fluid barrier
Meningeal coverings
Epidural space
Subdural space
Subarachnoid space
- Arachnoid septum
- Superior cistern
- Cistern of lamina terminalis
- Chiasmatic cistern
- Interpeduncular cistern
- Pontine cistern
- Cisterna magna
- Spinal subarachnoid space
Ventricular system
- Cerebrospinal fluid
  - - Third ventricle
    - Fourth ventricle
    - Lateral ventricles
      - Angular bundle
      - Anterior horn
      - Body of lateral ventricle
      - Inferior horn
      - Posterior horn
      - Subventricular zone

External links

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Sensory receptors
Touch	Mechanoreceptor Vibration Lamellar corpuscle Light touch Tactile corpuscle Pressure Merkel nerve ending Stretch Bulbous corpuscle
Pain	Free nerve ending Nociceptors
Temperature	Thermoreceptors
Proprioception	Golgi organ Muscle spindle Intrafusal muscle fiber Nuclear chain fiber Nuclear bag fiber
Other	Hair cells Baroreceptor