Paleocortex

Paleocortex
Piriform cortex from a 14 day old D2-eGFP (green) mouse stained for enkephalin (red) and DAPI (blue) to show nuclei. Epifluorescence.
Details
Part of Cerebral cortex
Identifiers
Latin Paleocortex
NeuroNames 2336
NeuroLex ID nlx_143559, birnlex_1097
TA A14.1.09.303
TE E5.14.3.4.3.1.34, E5.14.3.4.3.1.33
FMA 62430
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy

In anatomy of animals, the paleopallium or paleocortex is a region within the telencephalon in the brain which is younger in an evolutionary sense (i.e. phylogenetically) than archicortex (or archipallium), but phylogenetically older than neocortex (or neopallium).

Paleocortex (or paleopallium) and the archicortex (or the archipallium, which is a synonym) of the cerebral cortex together constitute the allocortex or the heterogenetic cortex. The distinction for what is called neocortex or isocortex, which comprises most of the human brain (about 90%), is made from the number of cellular layers that comprise the structure. Neocortical tissue comprises six distinct cell layers, not seen in paleocortical tissues either in adult or developing stage.

In humans the paleopallium is exemplified in the olfactory cortex.

Paleocortex is also defined as a type of cortical tissue that consists of three cortical laminae (layers of neuronal cell bodies).[1] In comparison, the neocortex has six layers and the archicortex has three or four layers.[2] Paleocortex, along with archicortex and periallocortex, is a type of allocortex.[3] Because the number of laminae that compose a type of cortical tissue seems to be directly proportional to both the information-processing capabilities of that tissue and its phylogenetic age, paleocortex is thought to be an intermediate between neocortex and archicortex in both aspects.[4]

Locations

Paleocortex is present in the parahippocampal gyrus,[4] olfactory bulb, accessory olfactory bulb, olfactory tubercle, piriform cortex, periamygdalar area,[3] anterior olfactory nucleus, anterior perforated substance, and prepyriform area.

Parts of the paleocortex or paleopallium

See also

References

Parent, A. (1996). Carpenter's human neuroanatomy (9th ed.). Philadelphia: Williams &Wilkins.

  1. ↑ Purves, Dale; Augustine, George J; Fitzpatrick, David; Hall, William C; LaMantia, Anthony-Samuel; White, Leonard E (2011). Neuroscience (5th ed.). Sinauer Associates Inc. p. 666. ISBN 9780878936465.
  2. ↑ Purves et al: Neuroscience 3rd Edition, 2004, page 617
  3. 1 2 "Paleocortex". BrainInfo. University of Washington. Retrieved 5 May 2013.
  4. 1 2 Purves, Dale; Augustine, George J; Fitzpatrick, David; Hall, William C; LaMantia, Anthony-Samuel; White, Leonard E (2011). Neuroscience (5th ed.). Sinauer Associates Inc. ISBN 9780878936465.
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