Hoboken Terminal

Hoboken Terminal
Looking west in Hoboken Terminal waiting room
Location 1 Hudson Place
Hoboken, NJ
Owned by Street level: NJ Transit
Underground: PANYNJ
Line(s) Hoboken Division
Platforms 9 island platforms and 1 side platform
Tracks 18
Connections NY Waterway to Battery Park City Ferry Terminal
NJT Bus: 22, 23, 63, 64, 68, 85, 87, 89, and 126
Construction
Platform levels 2
Parking available within area
Bicycle facilities 88 spaces
Disabled access Yes
Other information
Station code HOB
Fare zone 1
History
Opened February 25, 1907
Electrified 1930: 25 kV 60 Hz (NJT)
600 V (DC) third rail (PATH)
750 V DC Overhead lines (Light rail)
Traffic
Passengers (2017) 15,628 (average weekday)[1] (NJT)

[2]

Passengers (2017) 8,807,739[3] Increase 8.9% (PATH)
Services
Preceding station   NJ Transit Rail   Following station
toward Bay Head
North Jersey Coast Line
limited service
Terminus
toward High Bridge
Raritan Valley Line
limited service
toward Hackettstown
Montclair-Boonton Line
Morristown Line
toward Gladstone
Gladstone Branch
Pascack Valley Line
toward Suffern
Main Line
Bergen County Line
toward Meadowlands
Meadowlands Rail Line
Metro-North Railroad
toward Port Jervis
Port Jervis LineTerminus
Hudson–Bergen Light Rail
TerminusHoboken–Tonnelle
toward 8th Street
8th Street–HobokenTerminus
Bayonne Flyer
PATH
Temporary Services[4][5]
TerminusHOB–WTC
M-F 6am-11pm
JSQ–WTC (via HOB)
         
Saturday
JSQ–HOB
         
Sunday
Monday 12-5am
Terminus
JSQ–33 (via HOB)
Monday 5-6am
M-Th 6am-10pm
F 11pm-11:59
         
toward 33rd Street
TerminusHOB–33
M-F 6am-11pm
Former services
Preceding station   NJ Transit Rail   Following station
toward Hackettstown
Boonton Line
until 2002
Terminus
toward Bay Street
Montclair Branch
until 2002
toward Bay Street
Montclair Branch
until 1984
Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad
toward Buffalo
Main LineTerminus
toward Montclair
Montclair Branch
toward Gladstone
Gladstone Branch
toward Denville
Boonton Branch
Erie-Lackawanna Railroad Terminal at Hoboken
Location On the Hudson River at the foot of Hudson Place, Hoboken, New Jersey
Coordinates 40°44′5.64″N 74°1′40.08″W / 40.7349000°N 74.0278000°W / 40.7349000; -74.0278000Coordinates: 40°44′5.64″N 74°1′40.08″W / 40.7349000°N 74.0278000°W / 40.7349000; -74.0278000
Area 4 acres (2 ha)
Built 1907
Architect Kenneth MacKenzie Murchison
Architectural style American Industrial
NRHP reference # 73001102[6]
Added to NRHP July 24, 1973

Hoboken Terminal is a commuter-oriented intermodal passenger station in Hoboken, Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. One of the New York metropolitan area's major transportation hubs, it is served by nine NJ Transit (NJT) commuter rail lines, one Metro-North Railroad line, various NJT buses and private bus lines, the Hudson–Bergen Light Rail, the Port Authority Trans Hudson (PATH) rapid transit system, and NY Waterway-operated ferries. More than 50,000 people use the terminal daily, making it New Jersey's second-busiest railroad station and its third-busiest transportation facility, after Newark Liberty International Airport and Newark Penn Station.[7] Hoboken Terminal is wheelchair accessible, with high-level platforms for light rail and PATH services and portable lifts for commuter rail services.

History

The site of the terminal has been used since colonial times to link Manhattan Island and points west. It was long a ferry landing accessible via turnpike roads, and later plank roads (namely the Hackensack, the Paterson and a spur of the Newark Plank Road). In 1811, the first steam-powered ferries began service under John Stevens, an inventor who founded Hoboken.

Hoboken Terminal under construction, 1907
Hoboken Terminal shortly after its construction
An Erie Lackawanna commuter train arriving at Hoboken in November 1978

The coming of the railroads brought more and more travelers to the west bank of the Hudson River (at the time, often called the North River). Passengers traveling to Manhattan from most of the continental USA had to transfer to a ferry at the riverbank. Cuts and tunnels were constructed through Bergen Hill to rail–ferry terminals on the west bank of the river and the Upper New York Bay. The first of the Bergen Hill Tunnels under Jersey City Heights was opened in 1876 by the Morris and Essex Railroad, which was leased by the Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western Railroad (DL&W). The DL&W built the modern terminal in 1907, and opened the second parallel tunnel in 1908. Both tunnels are still used by NJ Transit.[8] The Hudson and Manhattan Railroad tubes were extended to Hoboken Terminal.

At the peak, five passenger terminals were operated by competing railroad companies along the Hudson Waterfront. Of these, Hoboken Terminal is the only one still in active use. Those at Weehawken (New York Central), Pavonia (Erie Railroad), and Exchange Place (Pennsylvania Railroad) were demolished in the 1960s, while the Central Railroad of New Jersey Terminal was restored and is now part of Liberty State Park.

Ferry service ended on November 22, 1967.[9] It resumed in 1989 on the south side of the terminal and moved back to the restored ferry slips inside the historic terminal on December 7, 2011.[10]

The Phoebe Snow was a premiere passenger train that departed daily from the station.[11] In 1956, four years before its merger with the DL&W to form the Erie Lackawanna Railway, the Erie Railroad began shifting its trains from its Jersey City terminal to Hoboken. In October 1965, on former Erie routes, there were five weekday trains run to Midvale, three to Nyack, three to Waldwick via Newark, two to Essex Fells, two to Carlton Hill, and one to Newton. All those trains were dropped in 1966. Trains to Chicago and Buffalo were discontinued on January 5, 1970.

Numerous streetcar lines (eventually owned and operated by the Public Service Railway), including the Hoboken Inclined Cable Railway, originated/terminated at the station until bustitution was completed on August 7, 1949.[8]

Hoboken Terminal c. 1954

The station was badly damaged during Hurricane Sandy on October 29, 2012, with a 5 feet (1.5 m) storm surge inundating the facility. The waiting room reopened in January 2013, while extensive repairs were still in progress.[12]

Accidents

In December 1985, an NJ Transit train crashed into the concrete bumper at Hoboken Terminal, injuring 54. The 1985 crash was said to have been caused by a lubricant that had been applied to the tracks to test train wheels.[13]

In May 2011, a PATH train crashed in the basement of Hoboken Terminal, causing minor injuries. The NTSB determined the accident was caused by "the failure of the engineer to control the speed of the train entering the station."[14][13]

On the morning of September 29, 2016, an NJ Transit train crashed through a bumper block and into the concourse of the station, killing one person and injuring more than 110 people.[15][16] Tracks 10 through 17 were reopened on October 10, 2016, with most remaining tracks reopened a week later. The pedestrian concourse reopened on May 14, 2017. Track 6 is set to be reopened for service in June 2017. However, Track 5 remains closed for repairs, and the permanent repairs to the concourse roof and supports are ongoing, expected to last until mid 2019.[17]

Notable other uses

In 1930, Thomas Edison was at the controls for the first departure of a regular-service electric multiple unit train from Hoboken Terminal to Montclair. One of the first installations of central air-conditioning in a public space was at the station, as was the first non-experimental use of mobile phones.[18][19]

The station has been used for film shoots, including Funny Girl, Three Days of the Condor, Once Upon a Time in America, The Station Agent, The Curse of the Jade Scorpion, Julie & Julia, Kal Ho Naa Ho, Rod Stewart's Downtown Train video (1990) and Eric Clapton's video for his 1996 single "Change the World".

Services

Commuter rail

Access to other NJ Transit rail lines is available at Newark Penn Station (which also serves Amtrak), Secaucus Junction, or Newark Broad Street.

Rapid transit rail

Track layout
Former cab elevator
to surface shops
to Christopher St
to Newport

PATH trains provide 24-hour service from a three-track underground station located north of the surface platforms.[20] Entrances are from the main concourse or street, below the Hudson Place bus station with both an elevator and stairs. Travel to Newark Penn Station always requires a transfer, as does weekday service to Journal Square Transportation Center.

     Hoboken–33rd Street (weekdays)
     Hoboken–World Trade Center (weekdays)
     Journal Square–33rd Street (via Hoboken) (late nights & weekends)
G Street Level Exit/Entrance
B1 Mezzanine Fare control, one-way faregates, transfer to NJ Transit services
B2
Platform level		 Eastbound ←      JSQ–33 (via HOB) toward 33rd Street or Journal Square Transportation Center (Christopher Street or Newport)
←      HOB–WTC toward World Trade Center (Newport)		 Fare control, one-way faregates, transfer to NJ Transit trains and light rail
Island platform, doors will open on the left or right
Eastbound ←      HOB–33 toward 33rd Street (Christopher Street)
←      JSQ–33 (via HOB) toward 33rd Street or Journal Square Transportation Center (Christopher Street or Newport)
←      HOB–WTC toward World Trade Center (Newport)
Island platform, doors will open on the left or right
Eastbound ←      HOB–33 toward 33rd Street (Christopher Street)
←      JSQ–33 (via HOB) toward 33rd Street or Journal Square Transportation Center (Christopher Street or Newport)
Side platform, doors will open on the right

Light rail

Hoboken Terminal is the terminus for two of the three Hudson-Bergen Light Rail routes and the Bayonne Flyer. Light rail platforms for which are located south of Track 18 and the terminal building, and provide a pathway connection to 14th Street along the Hudson River.

Ground/platform level
Exit/entrance to 14th Street
and Hoboken Terminal
Track H1 ← Hoboken–Tonnelle toward Tonnelle Avenue (2nd Street)
← 8th Street–Hoboken toward 8th Street (Newport)
← Bayonne Flyer toward 8th Street (rush hours) (Newport)
Island platform, doors will open on the left or right
Track H2 ← Hoboken–Tonnelle toward Tonnelle Avenue (2nd Street)
← 8th Street–Hoboken toward 8th Street (Newport)
← Bayonne Flyer toward 8th Street (rush hours) (Newport)
Track H4 ← Hoboken–Tonnelle toward Tonnelle Avenue (2nd Street)
← 8th Street–Hoboken toward 8th Street (Newport)
← Bayonne Flyer toward 8th Street (rush hours) (Newport)
Side platform, doors will open on the left

Ferry

Weekday ferry service is operated by NY Waterway to the Battery Park City Ferry Terminal at the World Financial Center, the West Midtown Ferry Terminal, and Pier 11 at Wall Street on the East River in Lower Manhattan.

Bus service

Current New Jersey Transit Bus Operations are as follows:

Route Destination Major streets
22

NJT[21]		 Nungessers
North Bergen		 Washington Street
14th Street Viaduct
New York/Bergenline
22X
(peak service only)

NJT[22]		 Bergenline HBLR station
48th St		 Observer Highway
Paterson Plank Road
9th-Congress HBLR station
New York or Bergenline
23
(peak service only)

NJT[23]		 Nungessers
North Bergen		 Port Imperial (HBLR station)
Boulevard East
64
(peak service only)
 Lakewood Route 18
68
(peak service only)

NJT[24]		 Old Bridge Route 18
85

NJT[25]		 Harmon Meadow
Secaucus		 Paterson Plank Road
9th-Congress HBLR station
Transfer Station
87

NJT[26]		 Greenville
Gates Avenue
Jersey City		 Paterson Plank Road
9th-Congress HBLR station
Central Avenue
Journal Square
MLK Drive
Old Bergen Road
89

NJT[27]		 Nungessers
North Bergen		 Washington Street
14th Street
Willow Ave/Park Ave
48th St
Bergenline HBLR station
Bergenline Avenue
126

NJT[28]		 Port Authority Bus Terminal
42nd Street
Manhattan		 Washington Street
Willow Avenue
Lincoln Tunnel

Named passenger trains

The Phoebe Snow at Hoboken Terminal in September 1965

Until the 1960s several streamliner trains originated at Hoboken. Passenger trains extended beyond the daily commuter market to Buffalo, New York; to Chicago; and to northeastern Pennsylvania.

NameOperatorsDestinationYear begunYear discontinued
Erie LimitedErie Railroad, then Erie-LackawannaChicago, Illinois1963
Lake CitiesErie Railroad, then Erie-LackawannaChicago, Illinois19391970
New Yorker/WesternerLackawanna Railroad, then Erie-Lackawanna via Nickel Plate RoadBuffalo, continuing to Chicago1963
Phoebe SnowLackawanna Railroad, then Erie-LackawannaDL&W Terminal, Buffalo19491966
Merchants ExpressLackawanna RailroadScranton1963
ScrantonianLackawanna RailroadScranton
Lackawanna LimitedLackawanna Railroad, then Erie-Lackawanna via Nickel Plate RoadBuffalo, continuing to Chicago
TwilightLackawanna RailroadBuffalo1965[29]
Pocono ExpressLackawanna RailroadBuffalo1965[29]
OwlLackawanna Railroad, then Erie-Lackawanna via Nickel Plate RoadBuffalo, continuing to St. Louis1969
New York MailLackawanna Railroad, then Erie-Lackawanna via Nickel Plate RoadBuffalo, continuing to Chicago

Design, designation, and restoration

New clock tower

Designed by architect Kenneth M. Murchison in the Beaux-Arts style, the rail and ferry terminal buildings were constructed in 1907 by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad. The terminal building is listed on the New Jersey Register of Historic Places[30] and the National Register of Historic Places (added in 1973 as #73001102 as the Erie-Lackawanna Railroad and Ferry Terminal).[31] It has been undergoing extensive renovations which were projected for completion in 2011.[7]

The large main waiting room, with its floral and Greek Revival motifs in tiled stained glass by Louis Comfort Tiffany set atop bands of pale cement,[18] is generally considered one of the finest in the U.S. aesthetically. The terminal exterior extends to over four stories and has a distinguished copper-clad façade with ornate detailing. Its single-story base is constructed of rusticated Indiana limestone. A grand double stair with decorative cast-iron railings within the main waiting room provides an entrance to the upper-level ferry concourse.

A 225-foot (69 m) clock tower was originally built with the terminal over a century ago, but was dismantled in the early 1950s due to structural damage and deterioration from weather damage. A new clock tower, replicating the original, was constructed during the terminal's centennial year of 2007 and was fully erect that November. The replica tower has 4-foot-high (1.2 m) copper letters spelling out "LACKAWANNA", which are lit at night.

The original ferry slips inside the historic terminal were restored in 2011.[10]

The terminal is considered a milestone in American transportation development, combining rail, ferry, subway, streetcar (buses were added later, and light-rail was added even later), and pedestrian facilities in one of the most innovatively designed and engineered structures in the nation. Hoboken Terminal was also one of the first stations in the world to employ the Bush-type train shed, designed by and named for Lincoln Bush of the DL&W, which quickly became ubiquitous in station design.[18] The station is unusual for a New York City area commuter railroad terminal in that it still has low-level platforms, requiring passengers to use stairs on the train to board and alight.

Environs and access

At Warrington Plaza

Though the passenger facilities are located within Hoboken, a large part of the infrastructure that supports them are located over the Jersey City city line, which cuts across the rail yard at a northwest diagonal from the river to the intersection of Grove Street and Newark Street. It is at this corner that Observer Highway begins running parallel to the tracks and creating a de facto border for Hoboken.[32] The Long Slip (created with the landfilling of Harsimus Cove) creates the southern perimeter of the station, separating it from Newport, Jersey City.

Motor vehicle access to the station is extremely limited. At the eastern end of Observer Highway buses are permitted to enter their terminal. Other vehicles are required to do a dog-leg turn onto Hudson Place. This 0.05-mile-long (0.080 km)[33] street (designated CR 736) is the only one with motor vehicle traffic adjacent to the station and acts as a pick-up/drop off point, and hosts a dedicated taxi stand. Egress from the terminal requires travelling north (for at least one block) on River Street.

Hudson Place ends at Warringtron Plaza. On this square one finds the main entrance to the waiting room and the vehicle entrances to the currently unused original ferry slips. A statue of Sam Sloan, president of the DL&W, moved during renovations faces the loading docks of the nearby post office. The plaza was named in honor of George Warrington, influential in the creation of NJ Transit, and as its executive director enabled the purchase and preservation of the station.

In 2009, pedestrian access to the terminal from the south was made possible with the opening of a new segment of the Hudson River Waterfront Walkway.[34] The closing of this gap along the promenade nearly completes the stretch from the Morris Canal to Weehawken Cove, with signage along the concourse at the rail head inside the terminal indicating that it is officially part of the walkway.

Hoboken Terminal viewed from the northeast, with Jersey City skyline in the background

Notes

  1. ↑ "QUARTERLY RIDERSHIP TRENDS ANALYSIS" (PDF). NJ Transit. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 27, 2012. Retrieved January 4, 2013.
  2. ↑ "How Many Riders Use NJ Transit's Hoboken Train Station?". Hoboken Patch. Retrieved 2018-07-18.
  3. ↑ "PATH Ridership Report" (PDF). pathnynj.gov. Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. 2017. Retrieved January 28, 2018.
  4. ↑ "Schedules". Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. Retrieved 31 July 2018.
  5. ↑ "Stay on Track - PATH Weekend Closures - 2018" (PDF). Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. Retrieved 31 July 2018.
  6. ↑ National Park Service (2009-03-13). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
  7. 1 2 "Hoboken Ferry Terminal Restoration Enters Final Phase" (Press release). NJ Transit. September 16, 2009. Retrieved February 5, 2010.
  8. 1 2 French, Kenneth (2002). Railroads of Hoboken and Jersey City. Images of Rail. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing. p. 125. ISBN 978-0-7385-0966-2.
  9. ↑ "November 1967 ~ The End of Trans-Cross Hudson Ferry Service, by Theodore W. Scull (World Ship Society)
  10. 1 2 Fox New York:Hoboken Ferry Terminal Reopens, December 7, 2011
  11. ↑ Streamliner Schedules The Phoebe Snow http://www.streamlinerschedules.com/concourse/track3/phoebe196412.html
  12. ↑ "Sandy-battered iconic Hoboken Terminal waiting room to reopen Tuesday". NJ.com.
  13. 1 2 https://www.newsday.com/news/region-state/officials-train-crashes-into-hoboken-station-killing-1-injuring-108-1.12383826
  14. ↑ https://www.vosizneias.com/83254/2011/05/08/hoboken-nj-path-train-crashes-into-platform-at-terminal/
  15. ↑
  16. ↑ "At Least 1 Dead, More Than 100 Hurt After Train Crash At Hoboken, NJ Station". September 29, 2016. Retrieved September 29, 2016.
  17. ↑ Moriarty, Thomas (May 14, 2017). "Hoboken Terminal concourse reopened 7 months after fatal crash". NJ Advance Media for NJ.com. Retrieved May 16, 2017.
  18. 1 2 3 "1907-2007: 100 Years - Hoboken Terminal" (PDF). NJ Transit. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 31, 2015. Retrieved February 6, 2011.
  19. ↑ La Gorce, Tammy (May 23, 2004). "Cool Is a State of Mind (and Relief)". The New York Times. Retrieved April 10, 2008. Several decades later, the Hoboken Terminal distinguished itself as the nation's first centrally air-conditioned public space.
  20. ↑ Dougherty, Peter (2006) [2002]. Tracks of the New York City Subway 2006 (3rd ed.). Dougherty. OCLC 49777633 – via Google Books.
  21. ↑ NJT bus 22 schedule
  22. ↑ NJT bus 22 schedule
  23. ↑ NJT bus 23 schedule
  24. ↑ NJT bus 68 schedule
  25. ↑ NJT bus 85 schedule
  26. ↑ NJT bus 87 schedule
  27. ↑ NJT bus 89 schedule Archived February 8, 2006, at the Wayback Machine.
  28. ↑ NJT bus 126 schedule
  29. 1 2 "E-L Passenger Service Decline". jimgworld.com.
  30. ↑ "NJ/NRHP". state.nj.us.
  31. ↑ New Jersey - Hudson County, National Register of Historic Places. Accessed June 13, 2007.
  32. ↑ Hudson County New Jersey Street Map. Hagstrom Map Company, Inc. 2008. ISBN 0-88097-763-9.
  33. ↑ "Hudson County 736 straight line diagram" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Transportation. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 18, 2012. Retrieved October 7, 2009.
  34. ↑ Baldwin, Carly (August 26, 2009). "Long Slip pedestrian bridge from Jersey City to Hoboken to open in September". The Jersey Journal. Jersey City. Retrieved February 21, 2010.
Google Maps Street View
Hudson Place and River Street entrance to PATH
Stairs and elevator to PATH on Hudson Place
PATH platforms
Waiting room
Commuter rail platforms
Light rail platforms
Ferry pier
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