Fengning Manchu Autonomous County

Fengning County
丰宁县
ᡶᡝᠩᠨᡳᠩ ᠰᡳᠶᠠᠨ
Autonomous county
丰宁满族自治县
Fengning Manchu Autonomous County
ᡶᡝᠩᠨᡳᠩ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠪᡝᠶᡝ ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠰᡳᠶᠠᠨ
The former temporary palace of Genghis Khan on north grassland of the county.
Fengning
Location in Hebei
Coordinates: 41°12′N 116°39′E / 41.200°N 116.650°E / 41.200; 116.650Coordinates: 41°12′N 116°39′E / 41.200°N 116.650°E / 41.200; 116.650
Country People's Republic of China
Province Hebei
Prefecture-level city Chengde
Township-level divisions 9 towns
16 townships
1 ethnic township
County seat Dage (大阁镇)
Area
 • Total 8,765 km2 (3,384 sq mi)
Elevation 662 m (2,172 ft)
Population (2004)
 • Total 380,000
 • Density 43/km2 (110/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+8+8 (China StandardChina Standard)
Postal code 068300
Area code(s) 0314
Website fn.gov.cn

Fengning Manchu Autonomous County (simplified Chinese: 丰宁满族自治县; traditional Chinese: 豐寧滿族自治縣; pinyin: Fēngníng Mǎnzú Zìzhìxiàn; Manchu: ᡶᡝᠩᠨᡳᠩ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠪᡝᠶᡝ ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠰᡳᠶᠠᠨ; Mölendroff: fengning manju beye dasangga siyan) is a Manchu autonomous county of northern Hebei province, bordering Beijing to the southwest and Inner Mongolia to the north, and lying under the administration of Chengde City.

It is the second-largest county of Hebei in terms of area, after the neighbouring Weichang Manchu and Mongol Autonomous County.

Administrative divisions

The county has 9 towns, 16 townships, and one ethnic township under its administration.[1]

Towns:

  • Dage (大阁镇)
  • Datan (大滩镇)
  • Yu'ershan (鱼儿山镇)
  • Tucheng (土城镇)
  • Huangqi (黄旗镇)
  • Fengshan (凤山镇)
  • Boluonuo (波罗诺镇)
  • Heishanju (黑山咀镇)
  • Tianqiao (天桥镇)

Townships:

  • Wanshengyong Township (万胜永乡)
  • Sichakou Township (四岔口乡)
  • Sujiadian Township (苏家店乡)
  • Waigoumen Township (外沟门乡)
  • Caoyuan Township (草原乡)
  • Kulongshan Township (窟窿山乡)
  • Xiaobazi Township (小坝子乡)
  • Wudaoying Township (五道营乡)
  • Xuanjiangying Township (选将营乡)
  • Xiguanying Township (西官营乡)
  • Wangying Township (王营乡)
  • Beitouying Township (北头营乡)
  • Hulinying Township (胡麻营乡)
  • Shirengou Township (石人沟乡)
  • Tanghe Township (汤河乡)
  • Yangmuzhazi Township (杨木栅子乡)
  • Nanguan Mongol Ethnic Township (南关蒙古族乡)

Geography

Geology

Fossil-bearing rocks of the Mesozoic Huajiying Formation and/or Yixian Formation occur on the surface. The prehistoric bird Paraprotopteryx was found in such a deposit.

Climate

Fengning has a rather dry, monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen Dwa), with long, very cold and dry winters, and hot, humid summers, and the elevation depresses temperatures. The monthly 24-hour mean temperature in January is −11.2 °C (11.8 °F), and in July it is 22.4 °C (72.3 °F), while the annual mean is 6.83 °C (44.3 °F). More than half of the annual precipitation occurs in July and August alone.

Climate data for Fengning County (1971−2000)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 9.2
(48.6)		 17.8
(64)		 22.4
(72.3)		 32.6
(90.7)		 35.9
(96.6)		 37.6
(99.7)		 40.5
(104.9)		 36.8
(98.2)		 33.4
(92.1)		 26.2
(79.2)		 19.8
(67.6)		 13.7
(56.7)		 40.5
(104.9)
Average high °C (°F) −3
(27)		 0.7
(33.3)		 7.6
(45.7)		 17.0
(62.6)		 23.5
(74.3)		 27.1
(80.8)		 28.2
(82.8)		 26.8
(80.2)		 22.3
(72.1)		 15.6
(60.1)		 5.7
(42.3)		 −1.1
(30)		 14.2
(57.6)
Daily mean °C (°F) −11.2
(11.8)		 −7.3
(18.9)		 0.1
(32.2)		 9.3
(48.7)		 16.1
(61)		 20.4
(68.7)		 22.4
(72.3)		 20.6
(69.1)		 14.7
(58.5)		 7.6
(45.7)		 −1.8
(28.8)		 −8.9
(16)		 6.8
(44.2)
Average low °C (°F) −17.5
(0.5)		 −14.2
(6.4)		 −7.2
(19)		 1.2
(34.2)		 8.2
(46.8)		 13.5
(56.3)		 17.1
(62.8)		 15.2
(59.4)		 8.0
(46.4)		 0.9
(33.6)		 −7.7
(18.1)		 −14.9
(5.2)		 0.2
(32.4)
Record low °C (°F) −27.4
(−17.3)		 −28.5
(−19.3)		 −26
(−15)		 −11.9
(10.6)		 −3.7
(25.3)		 4.0
(39.2)		 8.8
(47.8)		 0.5
(32.9)		 −3.3
(26.1)		 −10.5
(13.1)		 −23.6
(−10.5)		 −26.8
(−16.2)		 −28.5
(−19.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 1.5
(0.059)		 3.7
(0.146)		 6.4
(0.252)		 15.6
(0.614)		 36.8
(1.449)		 72.5
(2.854)		 134.2
(5.283)		 108.3
(4.264)		 51.8
(2.039)		 18.8
(0.74)		 5.8
(0.228)		 1.6
(0.063)		 457.0
(17.992)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 1.2 2.3 3.6 4.6 8.0 11.7 15.1 13.2 8.9 4.8 2.1 1.1 76.6
Source: Weather China

Economy

The county draws in many tourists as the Bashang Grasslands in the far north of the county is the nearest grasslands to Beijing.[2] The cultivation of a local tourism is part of a broader regional development policy to support tourism as a primary industry in the Chengde area due to the environmentally friendly character of the industry going well with the goal of preserving the Chengde area's pristine environment, especially compared to the pollution problems besetting the rest of Hebei and also Beijing and Tianjin.[2]

The county's primary tourist attraction are the horse ranches in the Datan grassland. Other highlights are the Dahan Palace of Genghis Khan and the Baiyun Ancient Cave.[2] The height of the tourism season is in July and August when there are bonfire festivities filled with ethnic songs and dances, roasted whole lamb, and staged traditional sporting events like wrestling and archery.[2]

Transport

Both China National Highway 111 and 112 pass through the county, with the former providing direct access to Beijing.

References

  1. ↑ 2011年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：丰宁满族自治县 (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved 2012-12-26.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Peace and action go hand in hand". China Daily. July 20, 2016.
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