City of Melbourne

City of Melbourne
Victoria
Aerial view of the Melbourne skyline
Location in Greater Melbourne
Population 135,959 (2016 census)[1]
 • Density 3,756/km2 (9,727/sq mi)
Established 1842
Area 36.2 km2 (14.0 sq mi)
Lord Mayor Sally Capp
Council seat Melbourne City Centre
Region Central Melbourne
County Bourke
State electorate(s)
Federal Division(s)
Website City of Melbourne
LGAs around City of Melbourne:
Moonee Valley Moreland Darebin
Maribyrnong City of Melbourne Yarra
Hobsons Bay Port Phillip Stonnington
The Melbourne City coat of arms
Melbourne City Town Hall on Swanston Street built 1870–1887

The City of Melbourne is a local government area in Victoria, Australia, located in the central city area of Melbourne. In 2016 the city has an area of 36 square kilometres (14 sq mi) and had a population of 135,959.[1] The city's motto is "Vires acquirit eundo" which means "She gathers strength as she goes."

The current Lord Mayor is Sally Capp, who was elected in a by-election following the resignation of Robert Doyle on 4 February 2018. The Melbourne City Council (MCC) holds office in Melbourne Town Hall.

History

Melbourne was founded in 1835, during the reign of King William IV, with the arrival of the schooner Enterprize near the present site of the Queen's Wharf, as a barely legal, speculative settlement that broke away from New South Wales. Unlike other Australian capital cities, Melbourne did not originate under official auspices, instead forming through the foresight of settlers from Tasmania.

Having been a province of New South Wales from its establishment in 1835, affairs of the settlement had been administered by the Parliament of New South Wales. With the growth of the settlement there had been an increasing demand by the inhabitants for greater autonomy over their own affairs. On 12 August 1842, Melbourne was incorporated as a "town" by Act 6 Victoria No. 7 of the Governor and Legislative Council of New South Wales.[2]

The town of Melbourne was raised to the status of a city by Letters Patent of Queen Victoria dated 25 June 1847, five years after its incorporation as a town. The Letters Patent also constituted the Anglican Diocese of Melbourne and declared Melbourne a cathedral city. A motion was tabled at a meeting of the Town Council to alter the style and title of Melbourne from a town to a city, a draft Bill was approved and transmitted to the Government for introduction to the Legislature. On 3 August 1849, Act 13 Victoria No. 14 was finally assented to as "An Act to effect a change in the Style and Title of the Corporation of Melbourne rendered necessary by the erection of the Town of Melbourne to a City".[3]

The city's initial boundaries, as set down in Act 8 Victoria No. 12 (19 December 1844) extended from Point Ormond in Elwood up Barkly Street and Punt Road to the Yarra River, along the river to Merri Creek at Abbotsford, then west along Brunswick Road to Moonee Ponds Creek, then south past Flemington Bridge to Princes Pier in Port Melbourne.[2] The Act imposed on the Mayor a duty to set up "permanent and conspicuous boundary marks of iron, wood, stone or other durable material" along or near the line of the Town’s boundaries—this was undertaken by Mayor James Frederick Palmer and Town Clerk John Charles King on 4 February 1846.[4]

During the 1850s, Collingwood, Fitzroy and Richmond seceded from Melbourne (all are, since 1994, part of the City of Yarra), as did South Melbourne, whilst other parts became parts of the neighbouring districts of St Kilda and Port Melbourne, and the border between Brunswick and Melbourne moved south one block to Park Street.[2]

On 18 December 1902, King Edward VII conferred the title "Lord Mayor" on the mayor of the City of Melbourne.

On 30 October 1905, Melbourne absorbed two neighbouring council areas. Now included in the City was the Borough of Flemington and Kensington which had been formed in 1882 when it broke away from the City of Essendon. The second, the Town of North Melbourne, formerly known as Hotham, had been established on 30 September 1859 and been granted town status on 18 December 1874. Both town halls are still in use today as public buildings—the former in Kensington near the present-day Newmarket railway station; the latter in Errol Street, North Melbourne.

The Melbourne and Geelong Corporations Act 1938 allowed for three councillors for each of the eleven wards, with a general election held on 24 August 1939. Following a recommendation by the Local Government Advisory Board in 1978, an Order in Council (27 February 1979, effective from 19 May 1979) reduced this to eight wards. In December 1980, the Hamer Government dismissed the council, and appointed three Commissioners to determine how the boundaries could best be altered to produce more effective local government, with special regard to Melbourne's central business district and its importance to the state, as well as to advise changes needed to the constitution, structure, functions and administration. However, in 1982, with the election of a new Labor government under John Cain, the Act establishing the commission was repealed, and the Melbourne Corporation (Election of Council) Act 1982 established six wards, for which an election was held on 4 December 1982. Three years later, an additional ward was added.[2]

In 1993, the City of Melbourne Act specified changes to the boundaries which saw Melbourne gain Southbank and the Victorian Arts Centre on 18 November 1993, and the city was resubdivided into four wards – Flagstaff, University, Hoddle and Domain. The wards were abolished in 2001, with the council having an elected Lord Mayor with a Deputy Lord Mayor and seven other councillors.[4] In 2012, the number of Councillors was increased to nine, in addition to the Lord Mayor and Deputy Lord Mayor.

In 2005, the council announced the construction of a new 6-star environmental office building, Council House 2, in Little Collins Street.

On 2 July 2007, the City of Melbourne almost doubled in size when the suburb of Docklands was added to its jurisdiction, having been previously transferred from the administration of the State Government.

In July 2009, Lord Mayor Robert Doyle unveiled a new corporate identity for the City of Melbourne, costing $239,558.[5]

Suburbs

("Neighborhoods" in non-Australian usage.)

Council

Council House 2, Little Collins Street, completed 2006, is the world's first 6 star green rating building; it features a louvred façade, natural and recycled materials, solar panels and thermal mass cooling.

Current composition and election method

Melbourne City Council is composed of eleven Councillors, including the Lord Mayor and Deputy Lord Mayor, for a fixed four-year term of office. Both the Lord Mayor and Deputy Lord Mayor are directly elected, while the nine other Councillors are elected proportionally as a single ward. Voting entity eligibility includes various classes of business interests, in addition to residents.[6] The most recent election was held on 22 October 2016, and the makeup of the Council was as follows:[7]

PartyCouncillors
  Team Doyle 5
  Victorian Greens 2
  An Indigenous Voice on Council 1
  Team Morgan – A City that Works 1
  Phil Cleary Means Business 1
  Together Melbourne 1
Total 11
CouncillorPartyNotes
  Robert Doyle Team Doyle Lord Mayor
  Arron Wood Team Doyle Deputy Mayor
  Kevin Louey Team Doyle
  Rohan Leppert Victorian Greens
  Nicholas Reece Team Doyle
  Tessa Sullivan Team Doyle
  Cathy Oke Victorian Greens
  Brooke Wandin An Indigenous Voice on Council
  Jackie Watts Team Morgan – A City that Works
  Michael Caiafa Phil Cleary Means Business
  Philip Le Liu Together Melbourne

However, due to Brooke Wandin of the "An Indigenous Voice on Council" grouping was deemed ineligible to be elected to Council due to not being a resident when the election was called,[8] a recount meant that Michael Caiafa of the "Phil Cleary Means Business" group was declared by the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) to not be duly elected, and that instead, Nicholas Frances Gilley and Susan Riley were duly elected.[9] Therefore, the new council composition is:[7]

PartyCouncillors
  Team Doyle 6
  Victorian Greens 2
  An Indigenous Voice on Council 1
  Team Morgan – A City that Works 1
  Together Melbourne 1
Total 11
CouncillorPartyNotes
  Robert Doyle Team Doyle Lord Mayor
  Arron Wood Team Doyle Deputy Mayor
  Kevin Louey Team Doyle
  Rohan Leppert Victorian Greens
  Nicholas Reece Team Doyle
  Cathy Oke Victorian Greens
  Tessa Sullivan Team Doyle
  Philip Le Liu Together Melbourne
  Jackie Watts Team Morgan – A City that Works
  Nicholas Frances Gilley An Indigenous Voice on Council
  Susan Riley Team Doyle

Councillor Tessa Sullivan resigned on 15 December 2017, making a complaint to the council making allegations of sexual harassment by Lord Mayor Robert Doyle.[10] She was replaced in a countback by Beverley Pinder-Mortimer, also of Team Doyle.[11]

CouncillorPartyNotes
  Robert Doyle Team Doyle Lord Mayor
  Arron Wood Team Doyle Deputy Mayor
  Kevin Louey Team Doyle
  Rohan Leppert Victorian Greens
  Nicholas Reece Team Doyle
  Cathy Oke Victorian Greens
  Philip Le Liu Together Melbourne
  Jackie Watts Team Morgan – A City that Works
  Nicholas Frances Gilley An Indigenous Voice on Council
  Susan Riley Team Doyle
  Beverley Pinder-Mortimer Team Doyle

Demographics

Selected historical census data for City of Melbourne local government area
Census year2001[12]2006[13]2011[14]2016[1]
PopulationEstimated residents on census night60,74571,38093,625135,959
LGA rank in terms of size within Victoria30thIncrease 25thIncrease 18th
% of Victoria population1.32%Increase 1.45%Increase 1.75%Increase 2.29%
% of Australian population0.32%Increase 0.36%Increase 0.44%Increase 0.58%
Cultural and language diversity
Ancestry,
top responses		Chinese17.1%Increase 22.8%
English16.8%Decrease 14.1%
Australian12.7%Decrease 9.7%
Irish7.3%Decrease 6.0%
Scottish5.6%Decrease 4.5%
Language,
top responses
(other than English)		Mandarin4.7%Increase 8.1%Increase 10.4%Increase 18.7%
Cantonese4.7%Increase 5.6%Decrease 4.9%Decrease 3.9%
Indonesian3.1%Steady 3.1%Decrease 2.7%Decrease 2.2%
Italian1.8%Decrease 1.4%
Vietnamese1.3%
Korean1.2%Increase 1.4%Increase 2.1%
Arabic1.5%
Spanish1.7%
Religious affiliation
Religious affiliation,
top responses		No religion21.1%Increase 26.6%Increase 33.8%Increase 44.5%
Catholic20.2%Decrease 18.6%Decrease 17.2%Decrease 12.9%
Anglican11.9%Decrease 8.4%Decrease 6.5%
Buddhism6.2%Increase 7.5%Increase 7.6%Decrease 6.9%
Uniting4.0%
Islam3.5%Increase 4.5%
Hinduism4.0%
Median weekly incomes
Personal incomeMedian weekly personal incomeA$566A$711A$642
% of Australian median income121.5%123.2%97.0%
Family incomeMedian weekly family incomeA$1627A$1962A$2062
% of Australian median income138.9%132.5%118.9%
Household incomeMedian weekly household incomeA$1081A$1352A$1354
% of Australian median income105.3%109.6%94.2%
Dwelling structure
Dwelling typeSeparate house5.6%Decrease 3.7%Increase 5.1%Decrease 2.9%
Semi-detached, terrace or townhouse21.1%16.6%Decrease Increase 16.7%Decrease 12.7%
Flat or apartment70.4%Increase 79.2%Decrease 77.9%Increase 83.4%

Population of the urban area

Year19541958196119661971197619811986199119962001200620112015
Population93,17289,800*76,81075,70975,83065,16759,100*56,100*38,50445,25360,74571,38093,625127,672

* Estimates in 1958, 1983 and 1988 Victorian Year Books.

Railway stations

Flinders Street station

City Loop:

Other

Schools

Private

Public

Catholic

Sister cities

The City of Melbourne has six sister cities.[15] They are:

Some other local councils in the Melbourne metropolitan area have sister city relationships; see Local Government Areas of Victoria.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Melbourne (C)". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 November 2017. Edit this at Wikidata
  2. 1 2 3 4 Victorian Municipal Directory. Brunswick: Arnall & Jackson. 1992. pp. 275–278. Accessed at State Library of Victoria, La Trobe Reading Room.
  3. ↑ City of Melbourne. "History and heritage – Melbourne becomes a city". Retrieved 2007-12-20.
  4. 1 2 City of Melbourne (November 1997). "The History of the City of Melbourne" (PDF). pp. 40–43. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
  5. ↑ "A new icon for global Melbourne". City of Melbourne. Retrieved 2010-01-11.
  6. ↑ "CoRBA : Melbourne Coalition of Residents and Business Associations" (PDF).
  7. 1 2 "Melbourne City Council: Election Results 2016". Local Government Elections 2016. Victorian Electoral Commission. 29 October 2016. Retrieved 1 November 2016.
  8. ↑ "VCAT to rule on council makeup". Herald Sun. 7 March 2017. Retrieved 5 May 2017.
  9. ↑ "Victorian Electoral Commission v Municipal Electoral Tribunal (No 2) (Review and Regulation) [2017] VCAT 375 (14 March 2017)" (PDF). VCAT. 16 March 2017. Retrieved 5 May 2017.
  10. ↑ "Melbourne councillor 'shocked' by allegations against Robert Doyle". ABC News. 18 December 2017. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
  11. ↑ "Melbourne Countback 2018". Victorian Electoral Commission. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
  12. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "City of Melbourne (C)". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  13. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "City of Melbourne (C)". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  14. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "City of Melbourne (C)". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 6 December 2017. Edit this at Wikidata
  15. ↑ "City of Melbourne — International connections — Sister cities". City of Melbourne. Retrieved 2016-07-29.

Coordinates: 37°48′49″S 144°57′47″E / 37.81361°S 144.96306°E / -37.81361; 144.96306

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