鄉

See also: 鄕, 乡, and 郷
鄉 U+9109, 鄉
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9109
← 鄈
[U+9108] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 鄊 →
[U+910A]

Translingual
Traditional [[鄕/鄉]]
Simplified 乡
Japanese 郷
Korean 鄕

Han character

鄉 (radical 163, 邑+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 女竹戈戈中 (VHIIL), four-corner 27727, composition ⿰乡郎)

Derived characters

References
  • KangXi: not present, would follow page 1275, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39498
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1775, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3786, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+9109

Chinese
trad. 鄉/鄕
simp. 乡
variant forms 鄊

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 鄉
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (鄉) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
曏 *qʰjaŋʔ, *qʰjaŋs, *qʰaŋʔ, *qʰaŋs
鄉 *qʰaŋ
薌 *qʰaŋ
膷 *qʰaŋ
響 *qʰaŋʔ
饗 *qʰaŋʔ
蠁 *qʰaŋʔ, *qʰaŋs
嚮 *qʰaŋʔ, *qʰaŋs
卿 *kʰraŋ

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 𠨍 (“two people facing each other”) + 皀 (“a round- mouthed food vessel”) – to feast; the original script of 饗 (OC *qʰaŋʔ). The sense "village" was a result of phonetic borrowing.

The right half is unrelated to 郎 as 良 was the result of corruption of 皀.

Pronunciation 1
Note:
  • hiuⁿ/hioⁿ - vernacular;
  • hiong/hiang - literary.
Note:
  • hion1/hiên1 - vernacular (hiên1 - Chaozhou);
  • hiang1 - literary.
Rime
Character 鄉
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 許良切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /hɨɐŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /hiɐŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /xiɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /hɨaŋ/
Li
Rong		 /xiaŋ/
Wang
Li		 /xĭaŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /xi̯aŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 xiāng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 鄉
Reading # 1/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 xiāng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ xjang ›
Old
Chinese		 /*qʰaŋ/
English village; district

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鄉
Reading # 1/1
No. 13596
Phonetic
component		 鄉
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 香
Old
Chinese		 /*qʰaŋ/
Notes 甲金文象兩人對食，
爲饗初文

Definitions

鄉

  1. village
  2. countryside
  3. one's native place
  4. place
  5. A surname​.

Compounds
Derived terms from 鄉

Pronunciation 2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 鄉
Reading # 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 xiàng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ xjangH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*qʰaŋ-s/
English to face

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

鄉

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Pronunciation 3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 鄉
Reading # 2/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 xiǎng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ xjangX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*qʰaŋʔ/
English feast

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

鄉

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Japanese

Kanji
鄉

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Korean

Hanja

鄉 • (hyang) (hangeul 향, revised hyang, McCune–Reischauer hyang, Yale hyang)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鄉 (hương)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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