退

退 U+9000, 退
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9000
迿
[U+8FFF]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9001]

Translingual

Han character

退 (radical 162, +6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 卜日女 (YAV), four-corner 37303, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 1256, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38839
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1740, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3834, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+9000

Chinese

simp. and trad.
退

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 退
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (退) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*n̥ʰuːlʔ
退 *n̥ʰuːbs
*n̥ʰuːns

Ideogrammic compound (會意) :  (move) +  (walk) +  (sun) – to walk away from the sun, to retreat.

Current form is essentially  + , where the unrelated is a simplification of  +  – in careful writing the form may be slightly different (notably in the lower right component being separated and convex, rather than attached and concave), reflecting different etymology.

Cognate with (OC *n̥ʰuːns).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou:
    • thè/thèr - vernacular;
    • thòe - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 退
Mandarin Beijing /tʰuei⁵¹/
Harbin /tʰuei⁵³/
Tianjin /tʰuei⁵³/
Jinan /tʰuei²¹/
Qingdao /tʰue⁴²/
Zhengzhou /tʰuei³¹²/
Xi'an /tʰuei⁴⁴/
Xining /tʰuɨ²¹³/
Yinchuan /tʰuei¹³/
Lanzhou /tʰuei¹³/
Ürümqi /tʰuei²¹³/
Wuhan /tʰei³⁵/
Chengdu /tʰuei¹³/
Guiyang /tʰuei²¹³/
Kunming /tʰuei²¹²/
Nanjing /tʰuəi⁴⁴/
Hefei /tʰe⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /tʰuei⁴⁵/
Pingyao /tʰuæ³⁵/
Hohhot /tʰuei⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /tʰe³⁵/
Suzhou /tʰe̞⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /tʰui⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /tʰai⁴²/
Hui Shexian /tʰɛ³²⁴/
Tunxi /tʰə⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /tʰei⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /tʰəi⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /tʰui²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /tʰui⁵³/
Taoyuan /tʰui⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tʰøy³³/
Nanning /tʰui³³/
Hong Kong /tʰøy³³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /tʰui²¹/
/tʰe²¹/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /tʰɔy²¹²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /to³³/
Shantou (Min Nan) /tʰo²¹³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /hui³⁵/
/he³⁵/

Rime
Character 退
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (6)
Final () (42)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/tʰuʌiH/
Pan
Wuyun
/tʰuoiH/
Shao
Rongfen
/tʰuɒiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/tʰwəjH/
Li
Rong
/tʰuᴀiH/
Wang
Li
/tʰuɒiH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/tʰuɑ̆iH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
tuì
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 退
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
tuì
Middle
Chinese
‹ thwojH ›
Old
Chinese
/*n̥ˁ[u]p-s/
English withdraw (≠ advance)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 退
Reading # 1/1
No. 12536
Phonetic
component
退
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*n̥ʰuːbs/
Notes

Definitions

退

  1. to step back; to move backwards
  2. to withdraw; to leave
  3. to cause to move backward
  4. to recede; to fade; to ebb
  5. to return (a purchase, etc.); to refund
  6. to cancel; to call off

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

退

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. retreat, withdraw
  2. cause to retreat or withdraw: to drive out

Readings

Compounds


Korean

Hanja

退 (toe) (hangeul , revised toe, McCuneReischauer t'oe, Yale thoy)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

退 (thoái, thói, thối, thủi, thui, thúi, thụi)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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