U+81E4, 臤
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81E4

[U+81E3]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+81E5]

Translingual

Han character

(radical 131, +2, 8 strokes, cangjie input 尸中水 (SLE), composition)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 999, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30070
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1450, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2802, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+81E4

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*kʰaːn, *kʰriːn, *ɡiːn, *kʰins
*kʰriːn, *kʰiːn
*kʰriːn
*ɡriːn, *ɡriːns
*kiːn
*kiːn, *kiːns
*kiːn
*kʰiːnʔ
*kʰiːns, *kʰins
*ɡiːn
*ɡiːn, *ɢrin
*ɡiːnʔ
*kiŋs
*ɡiŋ
*ɡiŋ
*ɡjinʔ
*hŋiŋʔ
*kinʔ
*ŋɡriŋ
*kʰreːŋ
*kʰreːŋ
*kʰreːŋ

Pronunciation 1



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/4 2/4 3/4 4/4
Initial () (29) (29) (33) (29)
Final () (61) (73) (85) (44)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open Open
Division () I II IV Chongniu III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰɑn/ /kʰˠɛn/ /ɦen/ /kʰˠiɪnH/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰɑn/ /kʰᵚæn/ /ɦen/ /kʰᵚinH/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰɑn/ /kʰæn/ /ɣɛn/ /kʰienH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰan/ /kʰəɨn/ /ɦɛn/ /kʰjinH/
Li
Rong
/kʰɑn/ /kʰɛn/ /ɣen/ /kʰjĕnH/
Wang
Li
/kʰɑn/ /kʰæn/ /ɣien/ /kʰǐĕnH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kʰɑn/ /kʰăn/ /ɣien/ /kʰi̯ĕnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
kān qiān xián qìn
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/4 2/4 3/4 4/4
No. 1324 1326 1338 1348
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰaːn/ /*kʰriːn/ /*ɡiːn/ /*kʰins/
Notes

Definitions

  1. firm and solid, rigid, stable

References

Pronunciation 2

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“virtuous; good; clever; wise; worthy; able; capable”).
(This character, , is an ancient form of .)

Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. hard
  2. wise

Readings


Korean

Hanja

(gan) (hangeul , revised gan, McCuneReischauer kan, Yale kan)

  1. wise
  2. hard
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