hu
See also: Appendix:Variations of "hu"
English
Etymology
Clipping of human, first offered for usage by Mikhail Epstein, professor of cultural theory at Emory University (in 2003)[1].
Pronoun
hu (third-person singular, nominative case, reflexive huself) (epicene)
- (neologism) they (singular). Gender-neutral third-person singular subject pronoun, coordinate with gendered pronouns he and she.
- 2002 January 3, McMahon, Bryan T., quoting Sasha Newborn, “A terrible book”, in The Ponchatoula Times, page 7:
- Hu is fond of enigmas, of conundrums, of hieroglyphics; exhibiting in hus solutions of each and all a degree of acumen which appears to the ordinary apprehension preternatural.
- 2003 October 14, Epstein, Mikhail, “"Hu," from "human," as a gender-neutral pronoun”, in , Usenet, message-ID <f732cdb7.0310141153.6c715df8@posting.google.com>:
- When the lecturer arrives, hu will be speaking on the topic of anonymity.
- 2007 November 29, Epstein, Mikhail, “hu”, in International Society for Universal Dialog:
- It's the vice-president's job to support the president and take hus place when hu is away.
-
- (neologism) them (singular). Gender-neutral third-person singular object pronoun, coordinate with gendered pronouns him and her.
- 2006, Anderson, Perry; Burgess, Glenn, DeLuna, D. N., editor, The Political Imagination in History: Essays Concerning J.G.A. Pocock, Owlworks, →ISBN, page 175:
- One of his favorite metaphors for the historian, drawn from the "Preface" to Hegel's Philosophy of Right, likens hu to the owl of Minerva, whose flight at dusk provided the setting for mature reflection on the day that had passed.
-
- (neologism) their (singular). Gender-neutral third-person singular possessive adjective, coordinate with his and her.
Derived terms
- huself
See also
- other attested and proposed gender-neutral pronouns
References
Abau
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hu/
References
- transnewguinea.org, citing D. C. Laycock, Languages of the Lumi Subdistrict (West Sepik District), New Guinea (1968), Oceanic Linguistics, 7 (1): 36-66
Akan
Pronunciation
- Tone: L[1]
References
- Kotey, Paul A. (1998). Twi-English/English-Twi Dictionary. New York: Hippocrene Books. →ISBN
- “hũ” in Christaller, Johann Gottlieb (1881). A Dictionary of the Asante and Fante Language Called Tshi (Chwee, Tw̌i). Basel.
Albanian
Etymology
From Proto-Albanian *skuna, from *skun-o- (compare Norwegian/Faroese skon (“snout”)), from Proto-Indo-European *skewd-.[1] More at hedh.
Noun
hu m (indefinite plural hunj, definite singular huri, definite plural hunjtë)
Related terms
References
- Adam Hyllested, “Albanian hundë ‘nose’ and Faroese, SW Norwegian skon ‘snout’”, in Proceedings of the 23rd Annual UCLA Indo-European Conference (Bremen: Hempen, 2012), 73-81.
Danish
Derived terms
- husvale
Lower Sorbian
Mandarin
Romanization
hu
Usage notes
- English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.
Middle Dutch
Middle English
References
- “he, pron. (2)” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 10 June 2018.
Norwegian Bokmål
Alternative forms
Old English
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *hwō. Cognate with Old Frisian hū, Old Saxon hū (Dutch hoe), Old High German wuo.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /huː/
Adverb
hū
- How, in all senses, including:
- To what degree
- Hū eald is þīn dohtor?
- How old is your daughter?
- Hū miċel fēos hæfst þū mid þē?
- How much money do you have with you?
- In what manner
- Hū sæġþ man þæt on Englisċ?
- How do you say that in English?
- Hū færst þū?
- How are you? (Literally: "How are you faring?")
- In what state
- Hū wæs þīn dæġ?
- How was your day?
- Þū canst Ælfrēd cyning? Hū is hē?
- You know King Alfred? What is he like?
- Used in exclamations
- Hū hleahtorlīċ!
- How ridiculous!
- Hū gōd hund!
- What a good dog!
- To what degree
Conjunction
hū
- How, in all senses:
- In what manner
- Iċ leornode hū man wæġn ġebētt.
- I learned how to repair a wagon.
- Hīe āxodon hū hīe helpan mihten.
- They asked how they could help.
- That, the fact that (introducing direct statements)
- Iċ him sæġde hū iċ wǣre æt hām ealne dæġ and ne ġehīerde nāwiht.
- I told them how I'd been at home all day and hadn't heard a thing.
- Þæt is tō wundriġenne hū hīe þā bryċġe swā hraðe ġefyldon.
- It's amazing how they completed the bridge so quickly.
- In what manner
Old French
FWOTD – 25 March 2016
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hy/
Interjection
hu
- a shouting noise made when pursuing someone or something
References
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (hu)
- hu on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub
Westrobothnian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hʉː/, /heʊ̯ː/, /hʊ/, /hœ/
Usage notes
Hu is used to refer not only to feminine persons, but any feminine noun.
See also
Westrobothnian personal pronouns.
number | first person | second person | reflexive | third person | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
case | singular | singular masculine | singular feminine | singular neuter | ||
nominative | jig, jeg, jög | du, döu | hɑnn, hånn | hu, ho, hon | he | |
accusative | meg | deg | seg | hana, na, a, hänner | he, ne, e | |
dative | meg (se) | deg (se) | seg (se) | hönöm, hano, håno | hannar, hänner, hennar, henar, nar | dy, dyij, di |
genitive | min, myin | din, dyin | sin, syin | hɑnʃ, hansches, hånsch | hannars, hännars, hennars, henars | diss |
case | plural | plural masculine | plural feminine | plural neuter | ||
nominative | ve | ge, je, ji | de, di, dȯm, dem, döm | |||
accusative | ass, åss | ge, je, ji | seg | |||
dative | ass, åss | gerom, irom | seg (se) | dȯm, dem, döm, do | ||
genitive | vor, wȯhn, våor, vånn, voden | jera, jänn, jern, iden, jedar, idar | sin, syin | dern, dera, däris, daires | dera, däris, daires | derä |
Etymology 2
Compare Norwegian Nynorsk ho, hoe
Etymology 3
From Old Norse húð, from Proto-Germanic *hūdiz, from Proto-Indo-European *kuHtis.
Related terms
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