Windows-1252

Windows-1252
MIME / IANA	windows-1252[1]
Language(s)	English, various others
Created by	Microsoft
Standard	WHATWG Encoding Standard
Classification	extended ASCII, Windows-125x
Extends	ISO 8859-1 (excluding C1 controls)
Transforms / Encodes	ISO 8859-15

Windows-1252 or CP-1252 (code page 1252) is a single-byte character encoding of the Latin alphabet, used by default in the legacy components of Microsoft Windows for English and some other Western languages (other languages use different default encodings).

It is the most-used single-byte character encoding in the world (especially if you include the compatible ASCII and ISO-8859-1 encodings). As of June 2020, 0.4% of all web sites declared use of Windows-1252,[2][3] but at the same time 2.1%[2] used ISO 8859-1 (1.1% of top-1000 websites[4]), which by HTML5 standards should be considered the same encoding,[5] so that 2.5% of web sites effectively use Windows-1252.

Details

This character encoding is a superset of ISO 8859-1 in terms of printable characters, but differs from the IANA's ISO-8859-1 by using displayable characters rather than control characters in the 80 to 9F (hex) range. Notable additional characters include curly quotation marks and all the printable characters that are in ISO 8859-15 (at different places than ISO 8859-15). It is known to Windows by the code page number 1252, and by the IANA-approved name "windows-1252".

It is very common to mislabel Windows-1252 text with the charset label ISO-8859-1. A common result was that all the quotes and apostrophes (produced by "smart quotes" in word-processing software) were replaced with question marks or boxes on non-Windows operating systems, making text difficult to read. Most modern web browsers and e-mail clients treat the media type charset ISO-8859-1 as Windows-1252 to accommodate such mislabeling. This is now standard behavior in the HTML5 specification, which requires that documents advertised as ISO-8859-1 actually be parsed with the Windows-1252 encoding.[5]

Historically, the phrase "ANSI Code Page" was used in Windows to refer to non-DOS encodings; the intention was that most of these would be ANSI standards such as ISO-8859-1. Even though Windows-1252 was the first and by far most popular code page named so in Microsoft Windows parlance, the code page has never been an ANSI standard. Microsoft explains, "The term ANSI as used to signify Windows code pages is a historical reference, but is nowadays a misnomer that continues to persist in the Windows community."[6]

In LaTeX packages, CP-1252 is referred to as "ansinew".

IBM uses code page 1252 (CCSID 1252 and euro sign extended CCSID 5348) for Windows-1252.[7][8][9]

Character set

The following table shows Windows-1252. Each character is shown with its Unicode equivalent based on the Unicode.org mapping of Windows-1252 with "best fit". The decimal numbers are the Alt code that can be used to type these on Windows systems.

Windows-1252 (CP1252)[10][11][12][13][14]
	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F
0_ 0	NUL 0000 0	SOH 0001 01	STX 0002 02	ETX 0003 03	EOT 0004 04	ENQ 0005 05	ACK 0006 06	BEL 0007 07	BS 0008 08	HT 0009 09	LF 000A 010	VT 000B 011	FF 000C 012	CR 000D 013	SO 000E 014	SI 000F 015
1_ 16	DLE 0010 016	DC1 0011 017	DC2 0012 018	DC3 0013 019	DC4 0014 020	NAK 0015 021	SYN 0016 022	ETB 0017 023	CAN 0018 024	EM 0019 025	SUB 001A 026	ESC 001B 027	FS 001C 028	GS 001D 029	RS 001E 030	US 001F 031
2_ 32	SP 0020 32	! 0021 33	" 0022 34	# 0023 35	$ 0024 36	% 0025 37	& 0026 38	' 0027 39	( 0028 40	) 0029 41	* 002A 42	+ 002B 43	, 002C 44	- 002D 45	. 002E 46	/ 002F 47
3_ 48	0 0030 48	1 0031 49	2 0032 50	3 0033 51	4 0034 52	5 0035 53	6 0036 54	7 0037 55	8 0038 56	9 0039 57	: 003A 58	; 003B 59	< 003C 60	= 003D 61	> 003E 62	? 003F 63
4_ 64	@ 0040 64	A 0041 65	B 0042 66	C 0043 67	D 0044 68	E 0045 69	F 0046 70	G 0047 71	H 0048 72	I 0049 73	J 004A 74	K 004B 75	L 004C 76	M 004D 77	N 004E 78	O 004F 79
5_ 80	P 0050 80	Q 0051 81	R 0052 82	S 0053 83	T 0054 84	U 0055 85	V 0056 86	W 0057 87	X 0058 88	Y 0059 89	Z 005A 90	[ 005B 91	\ 005C 92	] 005D 93	^ 005E 94	_ 005F 95
6_ 96	` 0060 96	a 0061 97	b 0062 98	c 0063 99	d 0064 100	e 0065 101	f 0066 102	g 0067 103	h 0068 104	i 0069 105	j 006A 106	k 006B 107	l 006C 108	m 006D 109	n 006E 110	o 006F 111
7_ 112	p 0070 112	q 0071 113	r 0072 114	s 0073 115	t 0074 116	u 0075 117	v 0076 118	w 0077 119	x 0078 120	y 0079 121	z 007A 122	{ 007B 123	\| 007C 124	} 007D 125	~ 007E 126	DEL 007F 0127
8_ 128	€ 20AC 0128		‚ 201A 0130	ƒ 0192 0131	„ 201E 0132	… 2026 0133	† 2020 0134	‡ 2021 0135	ˆ 02C6 0136	‰ 2030 0137	Š 0160 0138	‹ 2039 0139	Œ 0152 0140		Ž 017D 0142
9_ 144		‘ 2018 0145	’ 2019 0146	“ 201C 0147	” 201D 0148	• 2022 0149	– 2013 0150	— 2014 0151	˜ 02DC 0152	™ 2122 0153	š 0161 0154	› 203A 0155	œ 0153 0156		ž 017E 0158	Ÿ 0178 0159
A_ 160	NBSP 00A0 0160	¡ 00A1 0161	¢ 00A2 0162	£ 00A3 0163	¤ 00A4 0164	¥ 00A5 0165	¦ 00A6 0166	§ 00A7 0167	¨ 00A8 0168	© 00A9 0169	ª 00AA 0170	« 00AB 0171	¬ 00AC 0172	SHY 00AD 0173	® 00AE 0174	¯ 00AF 0175
B_ 176	° 00B0 0176	± 00B1 0177	² 00B2 0178	³ 00B3 0179	´ 00B4 0180	µ 00B5 0181	¶ 00B6 0182	· 00B7 0183	¸ 00B8 0184	¹ 00B9 0185	º 00BA 0186	» 00BB 0187	¼ 00BC 0188	½ 00BD 0189	¾ 00BE 0190	¿ 00BF 0191
C_ 192	À 00C0 0192	Á 00C1 0193	Â 00C2 0194	Ã 00C3 0195	Ä 00C4 0196	Å 00C5 0197	Æ 00C6 0198	Ç 00C7 0199	È 00C8 0200	É 00C9 0201	Ê 00CA 0202	Ë 00CB 0203	Ì 00CC 0204	Í 00CD 0205	Î 00CE 0206	Ï 00CF 0207
D_ 208	Ð 00D0 0208	Ñ 00D1 0209	Ò 00D2 0210	Ó 00D3 0211	Ô 00D4 0212	Õ 00D5 0213	Ö 00D6 0214	× 00D7 0215	Ø 00D8 0216	Ù 00D9 0217	Ú 00DA 0218	Û 00DB 0219	Ü 00DC 0220	Ý 00DD 0221	Þ 00DE 0222	ß 00DF 0223
E_ 224	à 00E0 0224	á 00E1 0225	â 00E2 0226	ã 00E3 0227	ä 00E4 0228	å 00E5 0229	æ 00E6 0230	ç 00E7 0231	è 00E8 0232	é 00E9 0233	ê 00EA 0234	ë 00EB 0235	ì 00EC 0236	í 00ED 0237	î 00EE 0238	ï 00EF 0239
F_ 240	ð 00F0 0240	ñ 00F1 0241	ò 00F2 0242	ó 00F3 0243	ô 00F4 0244	õ 00F5 0245	ö 00F6 0246	÷ 00F7 0247	ø 00F8 0248	ù 00F9 0249	ú 00FA 0250	û 00FB 0251	ü 00FC 0252	ý 00FD 0253	þ 00FE 0254	ÿ 00FF 0255

Letter Number Punctuation Symbol Other Undefined Differences from ISO-8859-1

According to the information on Microsoft's and the Unicode Consortium's websites, positions 81, 8D, 8F, 90, and 9D are unused; however, the Windows API MultiByteToWideChar maps these to the corresponding C1 control codes. The "best fit" mapping documents this behavior, too.[10]

History

The first version of the codepage 1252 used in Microsoft Windows 1.0 did not have positions D7 and F7 defined. All the characters in the ranges 80–9F were undefined too.
The second version, used in Microsoft Windows 2.0, positions D7, F7, 91, and 92 had been defined.
The third version, used since Microsoft Windows 3.1, had all the present-day positions defined, except euro sign and Z with caron character pair.
The final version listed above debuted in Microsoft Windows 98 and was ported to older versions of Windows with the euro symbol update.

OS/2 extensions

The OS/2 operating system supports an encoding by the name of Code page 1004 (CCSID 1004) or "Windows Extended".[15][16] This mostly matches code page 1252, with the exception of certain C0 control characters being replaced by diacritic characters.

Code page 1004 (differing rows only)[17][18][19][20]
	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F
0_ 0	NUL 0000	SOH 0001	STX 0002	ETX 0003	ˉ 02C9	˘ 02D8	˙ 02D9	BEL 0007	˚ 02DA	HT 0009	˝ 02DD	˛ 02DB	ˇ 02C7	CR 000D	SO 000E	SI 000F

Differences from Windows-1252

MSDOS extensions [rare]

There is a rarely used, but useful, graphics extended code page 1252 where codes 0x00 to 0x1f allow for box drawing as used in applications such as MSDOS Edit and Codeview. One of the applications to use this code page was an Intel Corporation Install/Recovery disk image utility from mid/late 1995. These programs were written for its P6 User Test Program machines (US example[21]). It was used exclusively in its then EMEA region (Europe, Middle East & Africa). In time the programs were changed to use code page 850.

Graphics Extended Code Page 1252
	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F
0_ 0	○ 25CB	■ 25A0	↑ 2191	↓ 2193	→ 2192	← 2190	║ 2551	═ 2550	╔ 2554	╗ 2557	╚ 255A	╝ 255D	░ 2591	▒ 2592	► 25BA	◄ 25C4
1_ 16	│ 2502	─ 2500	┌ 250C	┐ 2510	└ 2514	┘ 2518	├ 251C	┤ 2524	┴ 2534	┬ 252C	♦ 2666	┼ 253C	█ 2588	▄ 2584	▀ 2580	▬ 25AC

References

Character Sets, Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), 2018-12-12
"Historical trends in the usage of character encodings, June 2020". Retrieved 2020-06-01.
"Frequently Asked Questions".
"Usage Survey of Character Encodings broken down by Ranking". w3techs.com. Retrieved 2020-06-07.
"Encoding". WHATWG. 27 January 2015. sec. 5.2 Names and labels. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
Wissink, Cathy (5 April 2002). "Unicode and Windows XP" (PDF). Microsoft. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
"Code page 1252 information document". Archived from the original on 2016-03-03.
"CCSID 1252 information document". Archived from the original on 2016-03-26.
"CCSID 5348 information document". Archived from the original on 2014-11-29.
"Unicode mappings of Windows-1252 with 'Best Fit'". Unicode. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
Code Page CPGID 01252 (pdf) (PDF), IBM
Code Page CPGID 01252 (txt), IBM
International Components for Unicode (ICU), ibm-1252_P100-2000.ucm, 2002-12-03
International Components for Unicode (ICU), ibm-5348_P100-1997.ucm, 2002-12-03
"Code page 1004 information document". Archived from the original on 2015-06-25.
"CCSID 1004 information document". Archived from the original on 2016-03-26.
"Code Page 01004" (PDF). IBM. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-07-08. (version based on Windows 3.1 version of Windows-1252)
Code Page CPGID 01004 (pdf) (PDF), IBM
Code Page CPGID 01004 (txt), IBM
Borgendale, Ken (2001). "Codepage 1004 - Windows Extended". OS/2 codepages by number. Archived from the original on 2018-05-13. Retrieved 2018-05-13. (version based on current version of Windows-1252)
"Performance of NASA Equation Solvers on Computational Mechanics Applications" (PDF). NASA.

External links

Microsoft's code charts for Windows-1252 ("Code Page 1252 Windows Latin 1 (ANSI)")
Unicode mapping table and code page definition with best fit mappings for Windows-1252

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] Character Sets, Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), 2018-12-12

[encoding-2] "Historical trends in the usage of character encodings, June 2020". Retrieved 2020-06-01.

[3] "Frequently Asked Questions".

[4] "Usage Survey of Character Encodings broken down by Ranking". w3techs.com. Retrieved 2020-06-07.

[WHATWG-5] "Encoding". WHATWG. 27 January 2015. sec. 5.2 Names and labels. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2015.

[6] Wissink, Cathy (5 April 2002). "Unicode and Windows XP" (PDF). Microsoft. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2015.

[7] "Code page 1252 information document". Archived from the original on 2016-03-03.

[8] "CCSID 1252 information document". Archived from the original on 2016-03-26.

[9] "CCSID 5348 information document". Archived from the original on 2014-11-29.

[bestfit-10] "Unicode mappings of Windows-1252 with 'Best Fit'". Unicode. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2015.

[11] Code Page CPGID 01252 (pdf) (PDF), IBM

[12] Code Page CPGID 01252 (txt), IBM

[13] International Components for Unicode (ICU), ibm-1252_P100-2000.ucm, 2002-12-03

[14] International Components for Unicode (ICU), ibm-5348_P100-1997.ucm, 2002-12-03

[15] "Code page 1004 information document". Archived from the original on 2015-06-25.

[16] "CCSID 1004 information document". Archived from the original on 2016-03-26.

[ibm1004-17] "Code Page 01004" (PDF). IBM. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-07-08. (version based on Windows 3.1 version of Windows-1252)

[18] Code Page CPGID 01004 (pdf) (PDF), IBM

[19] Code Page CPGID 01004 (txt), IBM

[borgendale1004-20] Borgendale, Ken (2001). "Codepage 1004 - Windows Extended". OS/2 codepages by number. Archived from the original on 2018-05-13. Retrieved 2018-05-13. (version based on current version of Windows-1252)

[P6_UTP-21] "Performance of NASA Equation Solvers on Computational Mechanics Applications" (PDF). NASA.

Character encodings
Early telecommunications	Telegraph code Needle Morse Non-Latin Wabun/Kana Chinese Cyrillic Korean Baudot and Murray FIELDATA ASCII ISO/IEC 646 BCDIC EBCDIC Teletex and Videotex/Teletext ISO/IEC 6937 / ITU T.51 ITU T.61 ITU T.101 World System Teletext background sets
ISO/IEC 8859	Approved -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -10 -11 -13 -14 -15 -16 Abandoned -12 Adaptations ISO-IR-182 ISO-IR-200 ISO-IR-201 Proposed but not approved ISO-IR-111 ISO-IR-197 French/Dutch/Turkish draft
Bibliographic use	ANSEL ISO 5426 / 5426-2 / 5427 / 5428 / 6438 / 6861 / 6862 / 10585 / 10586 / 10754 / 11822 MARC-8
National standards	ArmSCII BraSCII CNS 11643 ELOT 927 GOST 10859 GB 18030 HKSCS I.S. 434 ISCII JIS X 0201 JIS X 0208 JIS X 0212 JIS X 0213 KOI-7 KPS 9566 KS X 1001 LST 1284 LST 1564 LST 1590-1 LST 1590-2 LST 1590-3 LST 1590-4 PASCII RUSCII SI 960 TIS-620 TSCII VISCII VSCII YUSCII
ISO/IEC 2022	7-bit CN CN-EXT JP JP-EXT JP-1 JP-2 JP-3 KR ISO/IEC 4873 ISO/IEC 8859 ISO/IEC 10367 Extended Unix Code / EUC CN KR JP TW CCCII
MacOS code pages ("scripts")	Armenian Arabic Barents Cyrillic Celtic CentEuro ChineseSimp / EUC-CN ChineseTrad / Big5 Croatian Cyrillic Devanagari Dingbats Farsi (Persian) Gaelic Georgian Greek Gujarati Gurmukhi Hebrew Iceland Inuit Japanese / ShiftJIS Keyboard Korean / EUC-KR Latin (Kermit) Maltese/Esperanto Ogham / I.S. 434 Roman Romanian Sámi Symbol Thai / TIS-620 Turkish Turkic Cyrillic Ukrainian VT100
DOS code pages	100 111 112 113 151 152 161 162 163 164 165 166 210 220 301 437 449 489 620 667 668 707 708 709 710 711 714 715 720 721 737 768 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 790 850 851 852 853 854 855/872 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864 865 866/808 867 868 869 874/1161/1162 876 877 878 881 882 883 884 885 891 895 896 897 898 899 900 903 904 906 907 909 910 911 926 927 928 929 932 934 936 938 941 942 943 944 946 947 948 949 950/1370 951 966 991 1034 1039 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1046 1086 1088 1092 1093 1098 1108 1109 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1125/848 1126 1127 1131/849 1139 1167 1168 1300 1351 1361 1362 1363 1372 1373 1374 1375 1380 1381 1385 1386 1391 1392 1393 1394 3012 3021 3843 3844 3845 3846 3847 3848 30000 30001 30002 30003 30004 30005 30006 30007 30008 30009 30010 30011 30012 30013 30014 30015 30016 30017 30018 30019 30020 30021 30022 30023 30024 30025 30026 30027 30028 30029 30030 30031 30032 30033 30034 30039 30040 58152 58210 58335 59234 59829 60258 60853 61282 62306 CS Indic CSX Indic CSX+ Indic CWI-2 Iran System Kamenický KOI8 Mazovia MIK
IBM AIX code pages	367 371 806 813 819 895 896 912 913 914 915 916 919 920 921/901 922/902 923 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 963 964 965 970 971 1004 1006 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1029 1036 1089 1111 1124 1129/1163 1133 1350 1382 1383
IBM Apple Macintosh emulations	1275 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286
IBM Adobe emulations	1038 1276 1277
IBM DEC emulations	1020 1021 1023 1090 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1287 1288
IBM HP emulations	1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058
Windows code pages	CER-GS 874/1162 (TIS-620) 932/943 (Shift JIS) 936/1386 (GBK) 950/1370 (Big5) 949/1363 (EUC-KR) 1169 1174 Extended Latin-8 1200 (UTF-16LE) 1201 (UTF-16BE) 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1261 1270 54936 (GB18030) Armenian Cyrillic + Finnish Cyrillic + French Cyrillic + German Georgian Polytonic Greek 65001 (UTF-8)
EBCDIC code pages	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37/1140 37-2 38 39 40 251 252 254 256 257 258 259 260 264 273/1141 274 275 276 277/1142 278/1143 279 280/1144 281 282 283 284/1145 285/1146 286 287 288 289 290 293 297/1147 298 300 310 320 321 322 330 351 352 353 355 357 358 359 360 361 363 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 410 420 421 423 424 425 435 500/1148 803 829 833 834 835 836 837 838/1160 839 870/1110/1153 871/1149 875 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 892 893 905 918 924 930/1390 931 933/1364 935/1388 937/1371 939/1399 1001 1002 1003 1005 1007 1024 1025/1154 1026/1155 1027 1028 1030 1031 1032 1033 1037 1047 1068 1069 1070 1071 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1087 1091 1097 1112/1156 1113 1122/1157 1123/1158 1130/1164 1132 1136 1137 1150 1151 1152 1159 1165 1166 1278 1279 1303 1364 1376 1377 JEF KEIS
DEC terminals (VTx)	Multinational (MCS) National Replacement (NRCS) French Canadian Swiss Spanish United Kingdom Dutch Finnish French Norwegian and Danish Swedish Norwegian and Danish (alternative) 8-bit Greek 8-bit Turkish 7-bit Hebrew 8-bit Hebrew Special Graphics Technical (TCS)
Platform specific	Acorn Adobe Standard Adobe Latin 1 Amstrad CPC Apple I Apple II Apple III ATASCII Atari ST BICS Casio calculators CDC Compucolor II CP/M+ DEC RADIX 50 DEC MCS/NRCS DG International ELWRO-Junior FIELDATA GEM GEOS GSM 03.38 HP Roman Extension HP Roman-8 HP Roman-9 HP FOCAL HP RPL LICS LMBCS Mattel Aquarius Minitel MSX NEC APC NeXT OricSCII PCW PETSCII Sega SC-3000 Sharp calculators Sharp MZ Sinclair QL SQUOZE Teletext TI calculators TRS-80 Ventura International Ventura Symbol WISCII XCCS ZX80 ZX81 ZX Spectrum
Unicode / ISO/IEC 10646	UTF-1 UTF-7 UTF-8 UTF-16 (UTF-16LE/UTF-16BE) / UCS-2 UTF-32 (UTF-32LE/UTF-32BE) / UCS-4 UTF-EBCDIC GB 18030 BOCU-1 CESU-8 SCSU
TeX typesetting system	Cork IL1 IL2 IL3 L7X LGR LY1 OML OMS OMX OT1 OT2 OT3 OT4 PL0 QX T2A T2B T2C T2D T3 T4 T5 TS1 TS3 U X2
Miscellaneous code pages	ABICOMP APL 293 310 (Graphic Escape) 351 (GDDM) 907 (OEM) ISO-IR-68 ARIB STD-B24 HZ IEC-P27-1 INIS 7-bit 8-bit Cyrillic ISO-IR-169 ISO 2033 Johab SEASCII Stanford/ITS TACE16 TRON UTF-5 UTF-6 WTF-8
Related topics	Code page Control character (C0 C1) CCSID Character encodings in HTML Charset detection Han unification Hardware ISO 6429/IEC 6429/ANSI X3.64 Mojibake
Character sets