Lotus Multi-Byte Character Set

The Lotus Multi-Byte Character Set (LMBCS) is a proprietary multi-byte character encoding originally conceived in 1988 at Lotus Development Corporation with input from Bob Balaban and others.[1] Created around the same time and addressing some of the same problems, LMBCS could be viewed as parallel development and possible alternative to Unicode.[1] For maximum compatibility, later issues of LMBCS incorporate UTF-16 as a subset.[2][3]

Commercially, LMBCS was first introduced as the default character set of Lotus 1-2-3 Release 3 for DOS in March 1989[1][4] and Lotus 1-2-3/G Release 1 for OS/2[1] in 1990 replacing the 8-bit Lotus International Character Set (LICS) and ASCII used in earlier DOS-only versions of Lotus 1-2-3 and Symphony.[5] LMBCS is also used in IBM/Lotus SmartSuite, Notes and Domino,[1] as well as in a number of third-party products.

LMBCS encodes the characters required for languages using the Latin,[6] Arabic, Hebrew, Greek and Cyrillic[6] scripts, the Thai, Chinese, Japanese[6] and Korean writing systems, and technical symbols.

Encodings

Technically, LMBCS is a lead-byte encoding where code point 00_hex as well as code points 20_hex (32) to 7F_hex (127) are identical to ASCII[1] (as well as to LICS).[5]

Code point 00_hex is always treated as NUL character to ensure maximum code compatibility with existing software libraries dealing with null-terminated strings[1] in many programming languages such as C.[lower-alpha 1] This applies even to the UTF-16be codes, where code words with the form xx00_hex are mapped to private-use codes with the form F6xx_hex during encoding in order to avoid the use of NUL bytes,[7] and to escaped control characters, where 20_hex is added to the C0 (but not C1) control characters following the 0F_hex lead byte.[7]

Code points 01_hex to 1F_hex, which serve as control codes in ASCII, are used as lead bytes to switch the definition of code points above 7F_hex between several code groups (similar to code pages) and at the same time determine either a single- or multi-byte nature for the corresponding code group.[1]

For example, code group 1 (with group byte 01_hex)[1] is almost identical to the SBCS code page 850, whereas code group 16 (with group byte 10_hex)[1] is similar to the Japanese MBCS code page 932. Multi-byte characters can thus occupy two or three bytes.[7][6]

In canonical LMBCS, each character starts with its group byte.[1] To reduce the length, in optimized or compressed LMBCS a default code group or optimization group code can be defined on a per application or process basis (ideally chosen according to the highest likelihood of occurrence)[1] and must be communicated to the interpreting code in some way (f.e. by specifying the corresponding "LMBCS-n" name).[8] Thereby, the group byte can be omitted for these characters.[1] Lotus 1-2-3 retrieves the optimization group code from the file header of the corresponding source file,[7] whereas for Lotus Notes the optimization group code is fixed to be always 01_hex.[2][7]

Default	Group	Bytes	Description
N/A	00_hex	1[7]	NUL
LMBCS-1	01_hex	2[7]	Code page 850 (DOS Latin-1)[2][7]
LMBCS-2	02_hex	2[7]	Code page 851 (DOS Greek)[2][7]
LMBCS-3	03_hex	2[7]	Code page 1255 (Windows Hebrew)[2][7]
LMBCS-4	04_hex	2[7]	Code page 1256 (Windows Arabic)[2][7]
LMBCS-5	05_hex	2[7]	Code page 1251 (Windows Cyrillic)[2][7]
LMBCS-6	06_hex	2[7]	Code page 852 (DOS Latin-2)[2][7]
N/A	07_hex	1[7]	BEL[2]
LMBCS-8	08_hex	2[7]	Code page 1254 (Windows Turkish)[2][9][7]
N/A	09_hex	1[7]	TAB[2][9][7]
N/A	0A_hex	1[7]	LF[2][9][7]
LMBCS-11	0B_hex	2[7]	Code page 874 (Thai)[9][7]
(LMBCS-12)	0C_hex	2[7]	Reserved[2]
N/A	0D_hex	1[7]	CR[2][9][7]
(LMBCS-14)	0E_hex	2[7]	Reserved[2]
(LMBCS-15)	0F_hex	2[7]	Remapped C0/C1 control codes[7]
LMBCS-16	10_hex	3[7]	Code page 932/[2]943[7] (Japanese / Shift-JIS)[2][9]
LMBCS-17	11_hex	3[7]	Code page 949/[2]1261[7] (Korean)[2][9]
LMBCS-18	12_hex	3[7]	Code page 950[2][7] (Traditional Chinese / Taiwan / Big5)[2][9]
LMBCS-19	13_hex	3[7]	Code page 936/[2]1386[7] (Simplified Chinese)[2][9]
(LMBCS-20)	14_hex	3[7]	UTF-16 (Unicode)[2][3][7]
N/A	15_hex	3	Reserved[2]
N/A	16_hex	3	Reserved[2]
N/A	17_hex	3	Reserved[2]
N/A	18_hex	3	Reserved[2]
N/A	19_hex	1[7]	Lotus 1-2-3 system range[9][7]
N/A	1A_hex	3	Reserved[2]
N/A	1B_hex	3	Reserved[2]
N/A	1C_hex	3	Reserved[2]
N/A	1D_hex	3	Reserved[2]
N/A	1E_hex	3	Reserved[2]
N/A	1F_hex	3	Reserved[2]

Character set

Without prefix byte the code points 32 (20_hex) to 127 (7F_hex) are interpreted as follows (corresponding to LMBCS codes 32 to 127):

Single byte codes (ASCII/ISO-646-US[10])
	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F
2_ 32	SP 0020	! 0021	" 0022	# 0023	$ 0024	% 0025	& 0026	' 0027	( 0028	) 0029	* 002A	+ 002B	, 002C	- 002D	. 002E	/ 002F
3_ 48	0 0030	1 0031	2 0032	3 0033	4 0034	5 0035	6 0036	7 0037	8 0038	9 0039	: 003A	; 003B	< 003C	= 003D	> 003E	? 003F
4_ 64	@ 0040	A 0041	B 0042	C 0043	D 0044	E 0045	F 0046	G 0047	H 0048	I 0049	J 004A	K 004B	L 004C	M 004D	N 004E	O 004F
5_ 80	P 0050	Q 0051	R 0052	S 0053	T 0054	U 0055	V 0056	W 0057	X 0058	Y 0059	Z 005A	[ 005B	\ 005C	] 005D	^ 005E	_ 005F
6_ 96	` 0060	a 0061	b 0062	c 0063	d 0064	e 0065	f 0066	g 0067	h 0068	i 0069	j 006A	k 006B	l 006C	m 006D	n 006E	o 006F
7_ 112	p 0070	q 0071	r 0072	s 0073	t 0074	u 0075	v 0076	w 0077	x 0078	y 0079	z 007A	{ 007B	\| 007C	} 007D	~ 007E	DEL/⌂ 007F/2302

Letter Number Punctuation Symbol Other Undefined

Group 1

LMBCS group 1 code points 128 (80_hex) to 255 (FF_hex) are identical to the corresponding code points in code page 850 (DOS Latin-1), whereas code points 1 (01_hex) to 127 (7F_hex) are defined according to the following exception list (corresponding to LMBCS codes 256 to 383):

LMBCS Group 1, lower half[11][10]
	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F
0_ 0	NUL 0000	☺ 263A	☻ 263B	♥ 2665	♦ 2666	♣ 2663	♠ 2660	• 2022	◘ 25D8	○ 25CB	◙ 25D9	♂ 2642	♀ 2640	♪ 266A	♫ 266B	☼ 263C
1_ 16	► 25BA	◄ 25C4	↕ 2195	‼ 203C	¶ 00B6	§ 00A7	▬ 25AC	↨ 21A8	↑ 2191	↓ 2193	→ 2192	← 2190	∟ 221F	↔ 2194	▲ 25B2	▼ 25BC
2_ 32	¨ 00A8	~ 007E	˚ 02DA	^ 005E	` 0060	´ 00B4	“ 201C	' 0027	… 2026	-[lower-alpha 2] 2013	— 2014	‘[lower-alpha 3] 2018	’[lower-alpha 3] 2019		‹ 2039	› 203A
3_ 48	¨[lower-alpha 4] 00A8	~[lower-alpha 4] 007E	˚[lower-alpha 4] 02DA	^[lower-alpha 4] 005E	`[lower-alpha 4] 0060	´[lower-alpha 4] 00B4	„ 201E	‚ 201A	” 201D	‗ 2017		nbsp[lower-alpha 3] 00A0		�[lower-alpha 3] FFFD
4_ 64	Œ 0152	œ 0153	Ÿ 0178	˙[lower-alpha 3] 02D9	˚[lower-alpha 3][lower-alpha 4] 02DA		╞ 255E	╟ 255F	▌ 258C	▐ 2590	◊[lower-alpha 3] 25CA	⌘[lower-alpha 3] 2318	[lower-alpha 3] F8FF	[lower-alpha 3] F8FE	Ω[lower-alpha 3] 2126
5_ 80	╨ 2568	╤ 2564	╥ 2565	╙ 2559	╘ 2558	╒ 2552	╓ 2553	╫ 256B	╪ 256A	╡ 2561	╢ 2562	╖ 2556	╕ 2555	╜ 255C	╛ 255B	╧ 2567
6_ 96	ĳ 0133	Ĳ 0132	ﬁ FB01	ﬂ FB02	ŉ 0149	ŀ 0140	Ŀ 013F	¯[lower-alpha 3] 00AF	˘[lower-alpha 3] 02D8	˝[lower-alpha 3] 02DD	˛[lower-alpha 3] 02DB	ˇ[lower-alpha 3] 02C7	~[lower-alpha 3][lower-alpha 4] 007E	^[lower-alpha 3][lower-alpha 4] 005E
7_ 112	† 2020	‡ 2021	Ħ[lower-alpha 3] 0126	ħ[lower-alpha 3] 0127	Ŧ[lower-alpha 3] 0166	ŧ[lower-alpha 3] 0167	™ 2122	ℓ 2113	Ŋ[lower-alpha 3] 014A	ŋ[lower-alpha 3] 014B	ĸ[lower-alpha 3] 0138		Kr[lower-alpha 5]	⌐ 2310	₤ 20A4	₧ 20A7

Letter Number Punctuation Symbol Other Undefined Mapped to a Unicode private use character

Group 2

LMBCS group 2 code points 128 (80_hex) to 255 (FF_hex) are identical to the corresponding code points in code page 851 (DOS Greek), whereas code points 1 (01_hex) to 127 (7F_hex) are defined according to the following exception list:[lower-alpha 6]

LMBCS Group 2, lower half[11]
	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F
0_ 0	NUL 0000	ͺ 037A	΅ 0385	Ϊ 03AA	Ϋ 03AB	― 2015	΄ 0384	ʼ 02BC	ʽ 02BD	‾ 203E					 F862	 F863
1_ 16	 F864	 F865	⇕ 21D5	⅞ 215E	⅝ 215D	⅜ 215C	⅛ 215B	 F867	⇑ 21D1	⇓ 21D3	⇒ 21D2	⇐ 21D0	 F868	⇔ 21D4	 F869	 F89F
2_ 32	 F89E	 F89D	 F89C	 F89B	 F89A	 F899	 F898	 F897	 F896	 F895	 F894	 F893	 F892	 F891	 F890	 F88F
3_ 48	 F88E	 F88D	 F88C	 F88B	 F88A	 F889	 F888	 F887	 F886	 F885	 F884	 F883	 F882	 F881	 F880	 F866
4_ 64	∠ 2220	∇ 2207	 F87F	 F87E	 F87D	 F87C	 F87B	 F87A	 F879	 F878	 F877	 F876	 F875	 F874	 F873	 F872
5_ 80	∂ 2202	ℵ 2135	ℑ 2111	ℜ 211C	 F871	 F870	 F86F	 F86E	 F86D	 F86C	 F86B	∋ 220B	∈ 2208	∉ 2209	⊆ 2286	⊇ 2287
6_ 96	⊗ 2297	⊕ 2295	✓ 2713	⋀ 22C0	∁ 2201	∫ 222B	∀ 2200	∃ 2203	 F86A	′ 2032	″ 2033	∞ 221E	∝ 221D	φ 03C6	∪ 222A	∩ 2229
7_ 112	≡ 2261	≅ 2245	≥ 2265	≤ 2264	⌠ 2320	⌡ 2321	≠ 2260	≈ 2248	⁄ 2044	∙ 2219	‰ 2030	√ 221A	ⁿ 207F	∅ 2205	⊂ 2282	⊃ 2283

Letter Number Punctuation Symbol Other Undefined Mapped to a Unicode private use character

Group 6

LMBCS group 6 code points 128 (80_hex) to 255 (FF_hex) are identical to the corresponding code points in code page 852 (DOS Latin-2), whereas code points 1 (01_hex) to 127 (7F_hex) are defined according to the following exception list:[lower-alpha 6]

LMBCS Group 6, lower half[11]
	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F
0_ 0	NUL 0000	ā 0101	Ĉ 0108	ĉ 0109	Ċ 010A	ċ 010B	Ē 0112	ē 0113	Ė 0116	ė 0117	Ĝ 011C	ĝ 011D	Ġ 0120	ġ 0121	Ģ 0122	ģ 0123
1_ 16	Ĥ 0124	ĥ 0125	Ĩ 0128	ĩ 0129	Ī 012A	ī 012B	Į 012E	į 012F	Ĵ 0134	ĵ 0135	Ķ 0136	ķ 0137	Ļ 013B	ļ 013C	Ņ 0145	ņ 0146
2_ 32	Ō 014C	ō 014D	Ŗ 0156	ŗ 0157	Ŝ 015C	ŝ 015D	Ũ 0168	ũ 0169	Ū 016A	ū 016B	Ŭ 016C	ŭ 016D	Ų 0172	ų 0173	Ā 0100
3_ 48
4_ 64
5_ 80
6_ 96
7_ 112

Letter Number Punctuation Symbol Other Undefined

Notes

Lotus 1-2-3 Release 3.0 for DOS and newer versions are written in C.
‐ (U+2010), ‑ (U+2011), ‒ (U+2012), – (U+2013)
According to the documentation this code point is not supported by Lotus 1-2-3 Release 3.1+ for DOS and OS/2 and earlier.
For compatibility with Lotus 1-2-3 Release 5.0.
Unicode does not define a glyph for the crown currency symbol (Krone aka "Kr"), therefore this points to F8FB_hex in the Unicode Private Use Area (PUA).
According to the documentation code points 1 to 127 in this group are not supported by Lotus 1-2-3 Release 3.1+ for DOS and OS/2 and earlier. These versions only supported LMBCS code points 0 to 511, covering group 0 and 1 only.

References

Balaban, Bob (2001). "Multi-Language Character Sets – What They Are, How To Use Them" (PDF). Looseleaf Software, Inc. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-11-25. Retrieved 2016-11-25.
"Appendix A. Encoding Schemes". IBM Character Data Representation Architecture. IBM (CDRA). Lotus Multi-byte Character Set (LMBCS). Archived from the original on 2016-11-26. Retrieved 2016-11-26. For optimization purposes, the group byte is omitted in Notes for single-byte values between X'20' and X'FF'. For example, LMBCS is always optimized to group 0x01, which means that any character where the first byte is greater than 0x1F, has an implicit group byte of 0x01.
Scherer, Markus; Murray, Brendan (2000-06-02). "Re: MS Excel, Lotus 123 & Unicode". Archived from the original on 2016-12-06. Retrieved 2016-12-06.
"Kapitel 4. Kompatibilität mit anderen 1-2-3 Versionen – Zeichensätze" [Chapter 4. Compatibility with other 1-2-3 Versions – Character Sets]. Lotus 1-2-3 Version 3.1 Upgrader's Handbuch [Upgrader's handbook] (in German) (1 ed.). Cambridge, MA, USA: Lotus Development Corporation. 1989. pp. 4-10–4-11. 302173.
Kamenz, Alfred; Vonhoegen, Helmut (1992). Das große Buch zu Lotus 1-2-3 für DOS (in German) (1 ed.). Data Becker. pp. 131–132, 357–358. ISBN 3-89011-375-3.
Lotus – Inside Notes – The Architecture of Notes and the Domino Server (PDF). Lotus Development Corporation. 2000. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-12-12. Retrieved 2016-12-12. […] Notes uses a single character set, the Lotus Multibyte Character Set (LMBCS), to encode all text data used internally by its programs. Whenever Notes first inputs text encoded in a character set other than LMBCS, it translates the text into a LMBCS string, and whenever it must output text in a character set other than LMBCS, it translates the internal LMBCS string into the appropriate character set. Because all text is internally formatted by LMBCS, all text-processing operations […] are done in only one way. LMBCS uses up to three bytes in memory to represent a single text character […]
Murray, Brendan; Snyder-Grant, Jim, eds. (2016) [2000-02-09]. "ucnv_lmb.c". International Components for Unicode. International Business Machines (IBM).
Batutis, Edward J. (2001-11-03). "Re: converter types". International Components for Unicode (ICU). Archived from the original on 2016-12-06. Retrieved 2016-12-06.
"LMBCS" (in Japanese). 2009-02-03. Archived from the original on 2016-11-26. Retrieved 2016-11-26.
"Anhang 2. Der Lotus Multibyte Zeichensatz (LMBCS)" [Appendix 2. The Lotus Multibyte Character Set (LMBCS)]. Lotus 1-2-3 Version 3.1 Referenzhandbuch [Lotus 1-2-3 Version 3.1 Reference Manual] (in German) (1 ed.). Cambridge, MA, USA: Lotus Development Corporation. 1989. pp. A2-1–A2-13. 302168.
"lmb-excp.ucm". 2000-02-10.

External links

Berntrop-Bos, Lars (2014-07-10). "Blast from the past: LMBCS tables for Windows, OS/2, Unix and Macintosh". Archived from the original on 2016-11-26. Retrieved 2016-11-26.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[NB_C-7] Lotus 1-2-3 Release 3.0 for DOS and newer versions are written in C.

[hyphendash-13] ‐ (U+2010), ‑ (U+2011), ‒ (U+2012), – (U+2013)

[NB_DOS31-14] According to the documentation this code point is not supported by Lotus 1-2-3 Release 3.1+ for DOS and OS/2 and earlier.

[NB_R5-15] For compatibility with Lotus 1-2-3 Release 5.0.

[NB_Kr-16] Unicode does not define a glyph for the crown currency symbol (Krone aka "Kr"), therefore this points to F8FB_hex in the Unicode Private Use Area (PUA).

[NB_DOS31_Many-17] According to the documentation code points 1 to 127 in this group are not supported by Lotus 1-2-3 Release 3.1+ for DOS and OS/2 and earlier. These versions only supported LMBCS code points 0 to 511, covering group 0 and 1 only.

[Balaban_2001_LMBCS-1] Balaban, Bob (2001). "Multi-Language Character Sets – What They Are, How To Use Them" (PDF). Looseleaf Software, Inc. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-11-25. Retrieved 2016-11-25.

[IBM_CDRA_LMBCS-2] "Appendix A. Encoding Schemes". IBM Character Data Representation Architecture. IBM (CDRA). Lotus Multi-byte Character Set (LMBCS). Archived from the original on 2016-11-26. Retrieved 2016-11-26. For optimization purposes, the group byte is omitted in Notes for single-byte values between X'20' and X'FF'. For example, LMBCS is always optimized to group 0x01, which means that any character where the first byte is greater than 0x1F, has an implicit group byte of 0x01.

[Scherer_2000-3] Scherer, Markus; Murray, Brendan (2000-06-02). "Re: MS Excel, Lotus 123 & Unicode". Archived from the original on 2016-12-06. Retrieved 2016-12-06.

[Lotus_1989_Compatibility-4] "Kapitel 4. Kompatibilität mit anderen 1-2-3 Versionen – Zeichensätze" [Chapter 4. Compatibility with other 1-2-3 Versions – Character Sets]. Lotus 1-2-3 Version 3.1 Upgrader's Handbuch [Upgrader's handbook] (in German) (1 ed.). Cambridge, MA, USA: Lotus Development Corporation. 1989. pp. 4-10–4-11. 302173.

[Kamenz_1992_DB-5] Kamenz, Alfred; Vonhoegen, Helmut (1992). Das große Buch zu Lotus 1-2-3 für DOS (in German) (1 ed.). Data Becker. pp. 131–132, 357–358. ISBN 3-89011-375-3.

[Lotus_2000_Inside-6] Lotus – Inside Notes – The Architecture of Notes and the Domino Server (PDF). Lotus Development Corporation. 2000. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-12-12. Retrieved 2016-12-12. […] Notes uses a single character set, the Lotus Multibyte Character Set (LMBCS), to encode all text data used internally by its programs. Whenever Notes first inputs text encoded in a character set other than LMBCS, it translates the text into a LMBCS string, and whenever it must output text in a character set other than LMBCS, it translates the internal LMBCS string into the appropriate character set. Because all text is internally formatted by LMBCS, all text-processing operations […] are done in only one way. LMBCS uses up to three bytes in memory to represent a single text character […]

[IBM_2016_UCNV-8] Murray, Brendan; Snyder-Grant, Jim, eds. (2016) [2000-02-09]. "ucnv_lmb.c". International Components for Unicode. International Business Machines (IBM).

[Batutis_2001_ICU-9] Batutis, Edward J. (2001-11-03). "Re: converter types". International Components for Unicode (ICU). Archived from the original on 2016-12-06. Retrieved 2016-12-06.

[Lotus_2009_81-10] "LMBCS" (in Japanese). 2009-02-03. Archived from the original on 2016-11-26. Retrieved 2016-11-26.

[Lotus_1989_RM31-11] "Anhang 2. Der Lotus Multibyte Zeichensatz (LMBCS)" [Appendix 2. The Lotus Multibyte Character Set (LMBCS)]. Lotus 1-2-3 Version 3.1 Referenzhandbuch [Lotus 1-2-3 Version 3.1 Reference Manual] (in German) (1 ed.). Cambridge, MA, USA: Lotus Development Corporation. 1989. pp. A2-1–A2-13. 302168.

[LMB-EXCP-12] "lmb-excp.ucm". 2000-02-10.

Character encodings
Early telecommunications	Telegraph code Needle Morse Non-Latin Wabun/Kana Chinese Cyrillic Korean Baudot and Murray FIELDATA ASCII ISO/IEC 646 BCDIC EBCDIC Teletex and Videotex/Teletext ISO/IEC 6937 / ITU T.51 ITU T.61 ITU T.101 World System Teletext background sets
ISO/IEC 8859	Approved -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -10 -11 -13 -14 -15 -16 Abandoned -12 Adaptations ISO-IR-182 ISO-IR-200 ISO-IR-201 Proposed but not approved ISO-IR-111 ISO-IR-197 French/Dutch/Turkish draft
Bibliographic use	ANSEL ISO 5426 / 5426-2 / 5427 / 5428 / 6438 / 6861 / 6862 / 10585 / 10586 / 10754 / 11822 MARC-8
National standards	ArmSCII BraSCII CNS 11643 ELOT 927 GOST 10859 GB 18030 HKSCS I.S. 434 ISCII JIS X 0201 JIS X 0208 JIS X 0212 JIS X 0213 KOI-7 KPS 9566 KS X 1001 LST 1284 LST 1564 LST 1590-1 LST 1590-2 LST 1590-3 LST 1590-4 PASCII RUSCII SI 960 TIS-620 TSCII VISCII VSCII YUSCII
ISO/IEC 2022	7-bit CN CN-EXT JP JP-EXT JP-1 JP-2 JP-3 KR ISO/IEC 4873 ISO/IEC 8859 ISO/IEC 10367 Extended Unix Code / EUC CN KR JP TW CCCII
MacOS code pages ("scripts")	Armenian Arabic Barents Cyrillic Celtic CentEuro ChineseSimp / EUC-CN ChineseTrad / Big5 Croatian Cyrillic Devanagari Dingbats Farsi (Persian) Gaelic Georgian Greek Gujarati Gurmukhi Hebrew Iceland Inuit Japanese / ShiftJIS Keyboard Korean / EUC-KR Latin (Kermit) Maltese/Esperanto Ogham / I.S. 434 Roman Romanian Sámi Symbol Thai / TIS-620 Turkish Turkic Cyrillic Ukrainian VT100
DOS code pages	100 111 112 113 151 152 161 162 163 164 165 166 210 220 301 437 449 489 620 667 668 707 708 709 710 711 714 715 720 721 737 768 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 790 850 851 852 853 854 855/872 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864 865 866/808 867 868 869 874/1161/1162 876 877 878 881 882 883 884 885 891 895 896 897 898 899 900 903 904 906 907 909 910 911 926 927 928 929 932 934 936 938 941 942 943 944 946 947 948 949 950/1370 951 966 991 1034 1039 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1046 1086 1088 1092 1093 1098 1108 1109 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1125/848 1126 1127 1131/849 1139 1167 1168 1300 1351 1361 1362 1363 1372 1373 1374 1375 1380 1381 1385 1386 1391 1392 1393 1394 3012 3021 3843 3844 3845 3846 3847 3848 30000 30001 30002 30003 30004 30005 30006 30007 30008 30009 30010 30011 30012 30013 30014 30015 30016 30017 30018 30019 30020 30021 30022 30023 30024 30025 30026 30027 30028 30029 30030 30031 30032 30033 30034 30039 30040 58152 58210 58335 59234 59829 60258 60853 61282 62306 CS Indic CSX Indic CSX+ Indic CWI-2 Iran System Kamenický KOI8 Mazovia MIK
IBM AIX code pages	367 371 806 813 819 895 896 912 913 914 915 916 919 920 921/901 922/902 923 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 963 964 965 970 971 1004 1006 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1029 1036 1089 1111 1124 1129/1163 1133 1350 1382 1383
IBM Apple Macintosh emulations	1275 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286
IBM Adobe emulations	1038 1276 1277
IBM DEC emulations	1020 1021 1023 1090 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1287 1288
IBM HP emulations	1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058
Windows code pages	CER-GS 874/1162 (TIS-620) 932/943 (Shift JIS) 936/1386 (GBK) 950/1370 (Big5) 949/1363 (EUC-KR) 1169 1174 Extended Latin-8 1200 (UTF-16LE) 1201 (UTF-16BE) 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1261 1270 54936 (GB18030) Armenian Cyrillic + Finnish Cyrillic + French Cyrillic + German Georgian Polytonic Greek 65001 (UTF-8)
EBCDIC code pages	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37/1140 37-2 38 39 40 251 252 254 256 257 258 259 260 264 273/1141 274 275 276 277/1142 278/1143 279 280/1144 281 282 283 284/1145 285/1146 286 287 288 289 290 293 297/1147 298 300 310 320 321 322 330 351 352 353 355 357 358 359 360 361 363 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 410 420 421 423 424 425 435 500/1148 803 829 833 834 835 836 837 838/1160 839 870/1110/1153 871/1149 875 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 892 893 905 918 924 930/1390 931 933/1364 935/1388 937/1371 939/1399 1001 1002 1003 1005 1007 1024 1025/1154 1026/1155 1027 1028 1030 1031 1032 1033 1037 1047 1068 1069 1070 1071 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1087 1091 1097 1112/1156 1113 1122/1157 1123/1158 1130/1164 1132 1136 1137 1150 1151 1152 1159 1165 1166 1278 1279 1303 1364 1376 1377 JEF KEIS
DEC terminals (VTx)	Multinational (MCS) National Replacement (NRCS) French Canadian Swiss Spanish United Kingdom Dutch Finnish French Norwegian and Danish Swedish Norwegian and Danish (alternative) 8-bit Greek 8-bit Turkish 7-bit Hebrew 8-bit Hebrew Special Graphics Technical (TCS)
Platform specific	Acorn Adobe Standard Adobe Latin 1 Amstrad CPC Apple I Apple II Apple III ATASCII Atari ST BICS Casio calculators CDC Compucolor II CP/M+ DEC RADIX 50 DEC MCS/NRCS DG International ELWRO-Junior FIELDATA GEM GEOS GSM 03.38 HP Roman Extension HP Roman-8 HP Roman-9 HP FOCAL HP RPL LICS LMBCS Mattel Aquarius Minitel MSX NEC APC NeXT OricSCII PCW PETSCII Sega SC-3000 Sharp calculators Sharp MZ Sinclair QL SQUOZE Teletext TI calculators TRS-80 Ventura International Ventura Symbol WISCII XCCS ZX80 ZX81 ZX Spectrum
Unicode / ISO/IEC 10646	UTF-1 UTF-7 UTF-8 UTF-16 (UTF-16LE/UTF-16BE) / UCS-2 UTF-32 (UTF-32LE/UTF-32BE) / UCS-4 UTF-EBCDIC GB 18030 BOCU-1 CESU-8 SCSU
TeX typesetting system	Cork IL1 IL2 IL3 L7X LGR LY1 OML OMS OMX OT1 OT2 OT3 OT4 PL0 QX T2A T2B T2C T2D T3 T4 T5 TS1 TS3 U X2
Miscellaneous code pages	ABICOMP APL 293 310 (Graphic Escape) 351 (GDDM) 907 (OEM) ISO-IR-68 ARIB STD-B24 HZ IEC-P27-1 INIS 7-bit 8-bit Cyrillic ISO-IR-169 ISO 2033 Johab SEASCII Stanford/ITS TACE16 TRON UTF-5 UTF-6 WTF-8
Related topics	Code page Control character (C0 C1) CCSID Character encodings in HTML Charset detection Han unification Hardware ISO 6429/IEC 6429/ANSI X3.64 Mojibake
Character sets