Ganjam district

Ganjam district is a district in the Indian state of Odisha. Ganjam's total area is 8,070 km² (3,116 mi²).

This article is about the district. For its eponymous city, see Ganjam.
Ganjam
District of Odisha
A beach in Gopalpur, on the coast of Ganjam district
Location in Odisha, India
Coordinates: 19.383°N 85.05°E / 19.383; 85.05
Country India
StateOdisha
HeadquartersChatrapur
Government
 • Collector & District MagistrateShri Vijay Amruta Kulange, IAS
 • SP of Ganjam Police DistrictShri Brijesh Kumar Rai, IPS
 • SP of Berhampur Police DistrictShri Pinak Mishra, IPS
Area
 • Total8,070.6 km2 (3,116.1 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total3,529,031
 • Rank1st
 • Density429/km2 (1,110/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialOdia, English
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
761 xxx / 760 xxx
Vehicle registrationOD-07(for Ganjam)
OD-32 (for Bhanjanagar)
Nearest cityBrahmapur
Sex ratio0.981 ♂/♀
Literacy83.86%
Lok Sabha constituencyBerhampur
Aska
Vidhan Sabha constituency13
Precipitation1,295.6 millimetres (51.01 in)
Websiteganjam.nic.in
General Information
Sub-Divisions: 03
Chhatrapur
Berhampur
Bhanjanagar
Blocks:22
Tahasils:23
Municipal Corporation:01
Berhampur Municipal Corporation
Municipality:01
Hinjilicut Municipal Council
N.A.C.:16 NACs
01. Aska N.A.C.
02. Belaguntha N.A.C.
03. Bhanjanagar N.A.C.
04. Buguda N.A.C.
05. Chhatrapur N.A.C.
06. Chikiti N.A.C.
07. Digapahandi N.A.C.
08. Ganjam N.A.C.
09. Gopalpur N.A.C.
10. Kabisuryanagar N.A.C.
11. Khallikote N.A.C.
12. Kodala N.A.C.
13. Polasara N.A.C.
14. Purushottampur N.A.C.
15. Rambha N.A.C.
16. Surada N.A.C.
Police Stations:* Ganjam Police District – 24 Police Stations
* Berhampur Police District – 14 Police Stations
Gram Panchayat:503
Village:3250
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The district headquarters is Chhatrapur. Ganjam is divided into three sub-divisions Chhatrapur, Berhampur, and Bhanjanagar. The Imperial Gazetteer of India 1908 lists Ganjam, along with the Thanjavur and South Canara districts, as the three districts of the Madras Presidency where Brahmins were most numerous. As of 2011 it is the most populous district of Odisha (out of 30).[1]

History

Ganjam was a part of ancient Dakshina Kalinga. The Mauryan emperor Ashoka inscribed his message at Jaugada near the banks of the Rushikulya, in the present-day Ganjam district. Scholars thus conclude that a significant part of Ganjam was under the rule of Ashoka. There are multiple theories regarding the name 'Ganjam'. During the 7th century, the region was known as Kangoda or Kongoda. Some scholars believe the word evolved from this ancient name. A second theory suggests that one Ibrahim Qutabshahi, Sultan of Golconda invaded the region in 1571 and the region later became known by the Persian adjective 'Ganj-i-am', meaning 'place of the commoners'.[2]

Ganjam district is one of the oldest administrative units of Odisha. It was part of Madras presidency during British rule.[3]

Administrative setup

The 23 Tahasils in Ganjam district under three sub-divisions[4] are listed in the following table.

23 Tahasils[5]
#Chhatrapur Sub-DivisionBerhampur Sub-DivisionBhanjanagar Sub-Division
1ChhatrapurBerhampurBhanjanagar
2GanjamKonisiAska
3KhallikotePatrapurSeragada
4PurushottampurChikitiDharakot
5HinjilicutDigapahandiSurada
6KabisuryanagarSanakhemundiBelaguntha
7PolasaraKukudakhandiJagannathprasad
8KodalaBuguda

The 22 Blocks in Ganjam district under three sub-divisions are listed in the following table.[6]

22 Blocks
#Chhatrapur Sub-DivisionBerhampur Sub-DivisionBhanjanagar Sub-Division
1ChhatrapurRangeilundaBhanjanagar
2GanjamKukudakhandiAska
3KhallikotePatrapurSeragada
4PurushottampurChikitiDharakot
5HinjilicutDigapahandiSurada
6KabisuryanagarSanakhemundiBelaguntha
7PolasaraJagannathprasad
8KodalaBuguda

Economy

An important contributor to the local economy is production of extracts from Ganjam Kewda Rooh, which are used in perfumery.

Since Ganjam is a coastal district, it is well equipped with Port facilities. Port at Gopalpur and nearby industries cater economic activities of the district and Odisha state.[7]

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Ganjam district has a population of 3,529,031,[1] roughly equal to the nation of Lithuania[8] or the US state of Connecticut.[9] This gives it a ranking of 83rd in India (out of a total of 640).[1] The district has a population density of 429 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,110/sq mi) .[1] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 11.37%.[1] Ganjam has a sex ratio of 983 females for every 1000 males,[1] and a literacy rate of 71.88%.[1]

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 91.29% of the population in the district spoke Odia, 7.17% Telugu, 0.44% Kui and 0.42% Sora as their first language.[10]

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901957,123—    
19111,064,172+1.07%
19211,029,623−0.33%
19311,165,908+1.25%
19411,308,056+1.16%
19511,361,831+0.40%
19611,587,461+1.54%
19711,944,844+2.05%
19812,267,628+1.55%
19912,704,056+1.78%
20013,160,635+1.57%
20113,529,031+1.11%
source:[11]

Politics

Vidhan sabha constituencies

The following is the Vidhan sabha constituencies[12][13] of Ganjam and the elected members[14] of the area

No. Constituency Reservation Extent of the Assembly Constituency (Blocks) Member of 16th Assembly Party
123 Bhanjanagar None Bhanjanagar (NAC), Bhanjanagar, Jagannathprasad Bikram Keshari Arukha BJD
124 Polasara None Buguda (NAC), Polasara (NAC), Buguda, Polasara Srikanta Sahu BJD
125 Kabisuryanagar None Kabisuryanagar (NAC), Kodala (NAC), Beguniapada, Kabisuryanagar (part), Purusottampur (part) Smt. Latika Pradhan BJD
126 Khalikote SC Khalikote(NAC), Purusottampur (NAC), Khalikote, Purusottampur (part) Smt. Suryamani Baidya BJD
127 Chhatrapur SC Chhatrapur (NAC), Ganjam (NAC), Rambha (NAC), Ganjam, Chhatrapur Subash Chandra Pradhan BJD
128 Aska None Aska (NAC), Aska, Kabisuryanagar (part) Smt. Manjula Swain BJD
129 Surada None Surada (NAC), Belaguntha (NAC), Surada, Belaguntha, Purna Chandra Swain BJD
130 Sanakhemundi None Sanakhemundi, Dharakote Ramesh Chandra Jena INC
131 Hinjili None Hinjilicut (NAC), Hinjilicut, Hinjili Sheragada Naveen Patnaik BJD
132 Gopalpur None Gopalpur (NAC), Rangailunda, Kukudakhandi (part), Berhampur (M) (part) Pradeep Kumar Panigrahy BJD
133 Berhampur None Berhampur (Municipal Corporation) (Part), Bikram Kumar Panda BJD
134 Digapahandi None Digapahandi (NAC), Digapahandi, Kukudakhandi (Part) Surjya Narayana Patro BJD
135 Chikiti None Chikiti (NAC), Chikiti Block, Patrapur Block Smt. Usha Devi BJD

Lok Sabha constituencies

Since 2008, Ganjam district is represented in Berhampur (Lok Sabha constituency) and Aska (Lok Sabha constituency).

Berhampur seat earlier Ganjam (Lok Sabha constituency) exist in 1952 and 1957 general elections as two seat constituency and Chatarpur (Lok Sabha constituency) exist in 1962, 1967 and 1971 general elections and later Berhanpur seat exist since 1977 general elections.

Aska seat exist since 1977 general elections and earlier as Bhanjanagar (Lok Sabha constituency) seat in 1962, 1967 and 1971 general elections [15]

People from Ganjam district

References
  1. "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
  2. Panda, Dr. Sanjay Kumar (2014). Chiktira Sahitya O Sahityika [Chikiti's literature & litterateurs] (in Odia). Bhubaneswar: Sahitya Swetapadma. pp. 15–16. ISBN 978-93-80759-65-4.
  3. Maltby, T.J.; Leman, G.D. (1882). The Ganjam District Manual (in Indonesian). W.H. Moore, Lawrence Asylum Press. Retrieved 2019-07-11.
  4. https://ganjam.nic.in/about-district/administrative-setup/subdivision/
  5. https://ganjam.nic.in/about-district/administrative-setup/tehsil/
  6. https://ganjam.nic.in/about-district/administrative-setup/block/
  7. https://www.gopalpurports.in
  8. US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 2011-10-01. Lithuania 3,535,547 July 2011 est.
  9. "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2011-01-01. Retrieved 2011-09-30. Connecticut 3,574,097
  10. 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue
  11. Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  12. Assembly Constituencies and their EXtent
  13. Seats of Odisha
  14. "List of Member in Fourteenth Assembly". ws.ori.nic.in. Archived from the original on 2 May 2007. Retrieved 19 February 2013. MEMBER NAME
  15. "All Members of Lok Sabha (Since 1952) Members Biographical Sketches". Retrieved 21 December 2017.
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