1914 United States House of Representatives elections
Elections to the United States House of Representatives in 1914 were held in the middle of President Woodrow Wilson's first term for members of the 64th Congress.
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All 435 seats to the United States House of Representatives 218 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The opposition Republican Party had recovered from the split they underwent during the 1912 presidential election, and the party gained more than 60 seats from the Democratic Party, though not enough to regain control of the body. The burgeoning economy greatly aided Republicans, who pushed for pro-business principles and took credit for the success that had been reached in the industrial sector. Many progressive Republicans rejoined the Republican Party, but six remained under the Progressive Party banner in the new Congress. In addition, William Kent was re-elected in California's 1st congressional district as an Independent, and two minor-party were elected: Charles H. Randall, a Prohibition Party member, in California's 9th congressional district; and Meyer London, a Socialist Party member, in New York's 12th congressional district.
Election summaries
| 230 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 196 |
| Democratic | S | I | P | Pn | Republican |
| State | Type | Total seats |
Democratic | Republican | Progressive | Others | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | |||
| Alabama | Districts +at-large |
10 | 10 |  |
0 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Arizona | At-large | 1 | 1 | |
0 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Arkansas | District | 7 | 7 | |
0 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| California | District | 11 | 3 | |
4 |  |
2 | |
2[lower-alpha 3] |  |
| Colorado | Districts | 4 | 3 | |
1 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Connecticut | District | 5 | 0 | |
5 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Delaware | At-large | 1 | 0 | |
1 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Florida | Districts | 4 | 4 | |
0 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Georgia | District | 12 | 12 | |
0 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Idaho | At-large | 2 | 0 | |
2 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Illinois | Districts | 27 | 10 | |
16 | |
1 | |
0 | |
| Indiana | District | 13 | 11 | |
2 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Iowa | District | 11 | 1 | |
10 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Kansas | District | 8 | 6 | |
2 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Kentucky | District | 11 | 9 | |
2 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Louisiana | District | 8 | 7 | |
0 | |
1 | |
0 | |
| Maine[lower-alpha 4] | District | 4 | 1 | |
3 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Maryland | District | 6 | 5 | |
1 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Massachusetts | District | 16 | 4 | |
12 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Michigan | Districts | 13 | 2 | |
11 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Minnesota | Districts | 10 | 1 | |
8 | |
1 | |
0 | |
| Mississippi | District | 8 | 8 | |
0 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Missouri | District | 16 | 14 | |
2 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Montana | At-large | 2 | 2 | |
0 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Nebraska | District | 6 | 3 | |
3 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Nevada | At-large | 1 | 0 | |
1 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| New Hampshire | District | 2 | 0 | |
2 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| New Jersey | District | 12 | 4 | |
8 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| New Mexico | At-large | 1 | 0 | |
1 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| New York | District | 43 | 19 | |
22 | |
1 | |
1 | |
| North Carolina | District | 10 | 9 | |
1 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| North Dakota | District | 3 | 0 | |
3 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Ohio | Districts | 22 | 9 | |
13 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Oklahoma | Districts | 8 | 7 | |
1 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Oregon | District | 3 | 0 | |
3 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Pennsylvania | Districts +4 at-large |
36 | 6 | |
30 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Rhode Island | District | 3 | 1 | |
2 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| South Carolina | District | 7 | 7 | |
0 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| South Dakota | District | 3 | 1 | |
2 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Tennessee | District | 10 | 8 | |
2 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Texas | Districts +2 at-large |
18 | 18 | |
0 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Utah | District | 2 | 1 | |
1 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Vermont | District | 2 | 0 | |
2 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Virginia | District | 10 | 9 | |
1 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Washington | Districts | 5 | 1 | |
4 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| West Virginia | Districts +at-large |
6 | 3 | |
3 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Wisconsin | District | 11 | 3 | |
8 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Wyoming | At-large | 1 | 0 | |
1 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Total | 435 | 230 52.9% |
|
196 45.1% |
|
6 1.4% |
|
3[lower-alpha 5] 0.7% |
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[[File:64 us house membership.png|thumb|450px|
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[[File:64 us house changes.png|thumb|450px|
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Early election date
Maine held its elections early, on September 14, 1914. There had previously been multiple states with earlier elections, but Maine was the only one remaining by 1914 (after Vermont stopped holding its elections early, after 1912). Maine would continue to hold elections early, in September, until 1958.
Special elections
California
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| California 1 | William Kent | Independent | 1910 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ William Kent (Independent) 48.1% Edward H. Hart (Republican) 38.3% O. F. Meldon (Democratic) 10.8% Henry P. Stripp (Prohibition) 2.8% |
| California 2 | John E. Raker | Democratic | 1910 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ John E. Raker (Democratic) 64.7% James T. Matlock (Republican) 31.2% W. P. Fassett (Prohibition) 4.1% |
| California 3 | Charles F. Curry | Republican | 1912 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Charles F. Curry (Republican) 85.0% David T. Ross (Socialist) 8.7% Edwin F. Van Vlear (Prohibition) 6.3% |
| California 4 | Julius Kahn | Republican | 1898 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Julius Kahn (Republican) 69.1% Henry Colombat (Democratic) 22.8% Allen K. Gifford (Socialist) 6.6% J. C. Westenberg (Prohibition) 1.5% |
| California 5 | John I. Nolan | Republican gain | 1912 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ John I. Nolan (Republican) 83.3% Mads Peter Christensen (Socialist) 11.4% Frederick Head (Prohibition) 5.3% |
| California 6 | Joseph R. Knowland | Republican | 1904 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Progressive gain. |
√ John A. Elston (Progressive) 44.4% George H. Derrick (Republican) 37.7% Howard H. Caldwell (Socialist) 13.9% Harlow E. Wolcott (Progressive) 3.9% |
| California 7 | Denver S. Church | Democratic | 1912 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Denver S. Church (Democratic) 49.9% A. M. Drew (Republican) 31.8% Henry M. McKee (Socialist) 9.9% Don A. Allen (Prohibition) 8.3% |
| California 8 | Everis A. Hayes | Republican | 1904 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Everis A. Hayes (Republican) 49.1% Lewis Dan Bohnett (Progressive) 45.3% Joseph Merritt Horton (Prohibition) 5.6% |
| California 9 | Charles W. Bell | Progressive | 1912 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Prohibition gain. |
√ Charles H. Randall (Prohibition) 30.9% Charles W. Bell (Progressive) 30.3% Frank C. Roberts (Republican) 27.7% Henry A. Hart (Socialist) 11.1% |
| California 10 | William Stephens | Progressive | 1910 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ William Stephens (Progressive) 38.4% Henry Z. Osborne (Republican) 28.9% Nathan Newby (Democratic) 15.5% Ralph L. Criswell (Socialist) 13.0% Henry Clay Needham (Prohibition) 4.3% |
| California 11 | William Kettner | Democratic | 1912 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ William Kettner (Democratic) 52.7% James Carson Needham (Republican) 27.9% James S. Edwards (Prohibition) 12.7% Casper Bauer (Socialist) 6.7% |
Florida
An at-large district had been created in 1912 for a newly apportioned seat. The at-large district was eliminated in 1914 and the 4th district created.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Florida 1 | Stephen M. Sparkman | Democratic | 1894 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Stephen M. Sparkman (Democratic) 99.3% H. B. Jeffers (Independent) 0.7% |
| Florida 2 | Frank Clark | Democratic | 1904 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Frank Clark (Democratic) 100% |
| Florida 3 | Emmett Wilson | Democratic | 1912 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Emmett Wilson (Democratic) 98.8% E. Wentworth (Independent) 1.2% |
| Florida 4 | Claude L'Engle Redistricted from the at-large district |
Democratic | 1912 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
√ William J. Sears (Democratic) 100% |
Kansas
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Kansas 1 | Daniel R. Anthony Jr. | Republican | 1907 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Kansas 2 | Joseph Taggart | Democratic | 1911 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Kansas 3 | Philip P. Campbell | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Kansas 4 | Dudley Doolittle | Democratic | 1912 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Kansas 5 | Guy T. Helvering | Democratic | 1912 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Kansas 6 | John R. Connelly | Democratic | 1912 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Kansas 7 | George A. Neeley | Democratic | 1912 (Special) | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
| Kansas 8 | Victor Murdock | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
South Carolina
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| South Carolina 1 | Richard S. Whaley | Democratic | 1913 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Richard S. Whaley (Democratic) 98.5% Aaron P. Prioleau (Republican) 1.0% William Eberhard (Socialist) 0.5% |
| South Carolina 2 | James F. Byrnes | Democratic | 1910 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ James F. Byrnes (Democratic) 100% |
| South Carolina 3 | Wyatt Aiken | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Wyatt Aiken (Democratic) 100% |
| South Carolina 4 | Joseph T. Johnson | Democratic | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Joseph T. Johnson (Democratic) 99.5% J. W. Sexton (Republican) 0.3% M. I. Ellenberg (Socialist) 0.2% |
| South Carolina 5 | David E. Finley | Democratic | 1898 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ David E. Finley (Democratic) 100% |
| South Carolina 6 | J. Willard Ragsdale | Democratic | 1912 | Incumbent re-elected. | √ J. Willard Ragsdale (Democratic) 100% |
| South Carolina 7 | Asbury F. Lever | Democratic | 1901 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | √ Asbury F. Lever (Democratic) 95.1% I. S. Leevy (Republican) 4.1% George F. Lee (Socialist) 0.8% |
Non-voting delegates
Alaska Territory
Starting with this election, Alaska Territory elected its non-voting delegate on the same day as the rest of the states' general elections. Incumbent James Wickersham, after serving one term as Progressive, returned to the Republican Party.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Alaska Territory at-large | James Wickersham | Progressive | 1908 | Incumbent re-elected to a different party. Republican gain. |
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See also
Notes
- Maine held early elections on September 14, 1914.
- This includes votes for those who ran primarily on the Washington Party Ballot Line.
- 1 Prohibition Party member elected, and 1 Independent re-elected. Previous election saw the Independent elected.
- Maine elections held early.
- 1 Socialist, 1 Prohibition, and 1 Independent.
References
- "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved May 18, 2015.
- Martis, pp. 168–169.
- https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=296693
Bibliography
- Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
- Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
- "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
External links
- Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)
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