1868 and 1869 United States House of Representatives elections

United States House of Representatives elections in Florida, 1868[7]
	May 5, 1868 and; December 29, 1868
	May 5, 1868 and; December 29, 1868
Florida's single seat in the U.S. House of Representatives

California elections
	November 3, 1868
	November 3, 1868
All 3 seats
	Democratic hold Republican hold

1868 and 1869 United States House of Representatives elections
	June 1, 1868 – August 2, 1869[lower-alpha 1][lower-alpha 2]
	June 1, 1868 – August 2, 1869[lower-alpha 1][lower-alpha 2]
All 243[lower-alpha 3] seats in the U.S. House of Representatives; 122 seats needed for a majority
	Map of U.S. House elections results from 1868 elections for 41st Congress
Speaker before election; Theodore M. Pomeroy; Republican	Elected Speaker ; James Blaine; Republican

Elections to the United States House of Representatives were held in 1868 to elect Representatives to the 41st United States Congress. The election coincided with the presidential election of 1868, which was won by Ulysses S. Grant.

The Democrats gained 20 seats, but Grant's Republican Party retained a commanding majority in the Reconstruction era following the American Civil War, holding onto a firm legitimacy through an association with victory. As more Southern states exited Reconstruction, more Democratic seats appeared in the South. However, Democratic gains in the South were limited, as the Republican power-brokers of Reconstruction held a great deal of influence. The small Conservative Party of Virginia also picked up several seats in Virginia, as it had support among wealthy Southern leaders who wanted to increase the region's power.

Election summary

Mississippi, Texas, and Virginia were readmitted during this Congress, leaving Congress without vacant State delegations for the first time since 1860. Georgia had been partially readmitted in the previous Congress, but was not initially admitted to the 41st Congress. With Georgia's final readmission in 1870, all former Confederate states were once more represented in Congress.

↓
67	5	171
Democratic	[lower-alpha 4]	Republican

State	Type	Total seats	Democratic		Conservative		Republican
State	Type	Total seats	Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Alabama[lower-alpha 5]	District	6	2	2	0		4	2
Arkansas	District	3	1	1	0		2	1
California	District	3	2		0		1
Connecticut[lower-alpha 5]	District	4	1	2	0		3	2
Delaware	At-large	1	1		0		0
Florida[lower-alpha 6]	At-large	1	0		0		1
Georgia[lower-alpha 7]	District	7[lower-alpha 8]	4	2	0		3	1
Illinois	District + 1 at-large	14	4	1	0		10	1
Indiana[lower-alpha 6]	District	11	4	1	0		7	1
Iowa[lower-alpha 6]	District	6	0		0		6
Kansas	At-large	1	0		0		1
Kentucky	District	9[lower-alpha 8]	9	2	0		0	1
Louisiana	District	5	0	1	0		5	1
Maine[lower-alpha 6]	District	5	0		0		5
Maryland	District	5	5	2	0	1	0	1
Massachusetts	District	10	0		0		10
Michigan	District	6	0		0		6
Minnesota	District	2	1	1	0		1	1
Mississippi[lower-alpha 7]	District	5	0		0		5	5
Missouri	District	9	2	1	0		7	1
Nebraska[lower-alpha 6]	At-large	1	0		0		1
Nevada	At-large	1	0		0		1
New Hampshire[lower-alpha 5]	District	3	0		0		3
New Jersey	District	5	3	1	0		2	1
New York	District	31	12	2	0		19	2
North Carolina	District	7	1	1	0	1	6
Ohio[lower-alpha 6]	District	19	6	3	0		13	3
Oregon[lower-alpha 6]	At-large	1	1	1	0		0	1
Pennsylvania[lower-alpha 6]	District	24	6		0		18
Rhode Island	District	2	0		0		2
South Carolina	District	4	0		0		4
Tennessee	District	8	0		0		8
Texas[lower-alpha 7]	District	4	1	1	0		3	3
Vermont[lower-alpha 6]	District	3	0		0		3
Virginia[lower-alpha 7]	District	8	0		5	5	3	3
West Virginia[lower-alpha 6]	District	3	0		0		3
Wisconsin	District	6	1		0		5
Total[lower-alpha 3]		243	67 27.6%	22	5 2.1%	3	171 70.4%	6

House seats

Democratic			27.57%
Conservative			2.06%
Republican			70.37%

Election dates

Mississippi held rejected elections on July 1, 1868. New (accepted) elections were held December 1, 1869.

In 1845, Congress passed a law providing for a uniform nationwide date for choosing Presidential electors. This law did not affect election dates for Congress, which remained within the jurisdiction of State governments, but over time, the States moved their Congressional elections to that date. 1868 was the first year in which the majority of States (20 of 37) held their elections on that date. There were still 9 states which held elections before that date and 4 that held regular elections after that date, in addition to 4 readmitted states that held elections after that date.

Early dates (1868):
- June 1: Oregon
- September 1: Vermont
- September 14: Maine
- October 13: Indiana, Iowa, Nebraska, Ohio, Pennsylvania
- October 22: West Virginia
Late dates (regular elections):
- December 29, 1868: Florida
- March 9, 1869: New Hampshire
- April 5, 1869: Connecticut
- August 2, 1869: Alabama
Readmitted states:
- July 6, 1869: Virginia
- December 1, 1869: Mississippi (also held elections to the 42nd Congress on the same day)
- December 3, 1868: Texas
- December 20–22, 1870: Georgia

Special elections

There were special elections in 1868 and 1869 to the 40th United States Congress and 41st United States Congress.

Special elections are sorted by date then district.

40th Congress

Readmission of state are treated here as regular (late) elections, not special elections.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Ohio 8	Cornelius S. Hamilton	Republican	1866	Incumbent died December 22, 1867. New member elected January 27, 1868. Republican hold. Winner would later be re-elected to the next term, see below.	Y John Beatty (Republican) 52.02% Barnabus Burns (Democratic) 48.17%[1]
Pennsylvania 9	Thaddeus Stevens	Republican	1848	Incumbent died August 11, 1868. New member elected October 13, 1868. Republican hold. Winner was also elected the same day to the next term, see below.	Y Oliver J. Dickey (Republican) 63.32% Robert Crane (Democratic) 36.68%[2]
Pennsylvania 20	Darwin A. Finney	Republican	1866	Incumbent died August 25, 1868. New member elected October 13, 1868. Republican hold. Winner was not a candidate for the same day's election to the next term, see below.	Y S. Newton Pettis (Republican) 52.21% James B. Knox (Democratic) 47.79%[3]
Missouri 5	Joseph W. McClurg	Republican	1862	Incumbent resigned in July 1868. New member elected November 3, 1868. Republican hold. Winner was not a candidate for the same day's election to the next term, see below.	Y John H. Stover (Republican) 59.48% Ignatius Hazel (Democratic) 40.52%[4]
Arkansas 2	James M. Hinds	Republican	1868	Incumbent died October 22, 1868. New member elected on an unknown date. Republican hold. Winner was not elected to the next term, see below.	Y James T. Elliott (Republican) [data unknown/missing]

41st Congress

Readmission of state are treated here as regular (late) elections, not special elections.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Massachusetts 7	George S. Boutwell	Republican	1862	Incumbent resigned March 12, 1869, after being appointed United States Secretary of the Treasury. New member elected November 2, 1869. Republican hold.	Y George M. Brooks (Republican) 67.28% Leverett Saltonstall (Democratic) 32.72%[5]
Illinois 3	Elihu B. Washburne	Republican	1852	Incumbent resigned March 6, 1869, to become U.S. Secretary of State. New member elected December 6, 1869. Republican hold.	Y Horatio C. Burchard (Republican) 76.06% John Vigers Eustace (Democratic) 22.56% Scattered 1.38%[6]

Alabama

1868 elections to finish the term

1869 elections to the next term

Arkansas

California

California's delegation remained at two Democrats and one Republican.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
California 1	Samuel Beach Axtell	Democratic	1867	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Samuel Beach Axtell (Democratic) 54.1% Frank M. Pixley (Republican) 45.9%
California 2	William Higby	Republican	1863	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold.	Y Aaron A. Sargent (Republican) 54.7% James W. Coffroth (Democratic) 45.3%
California 3	James A. Johnson	Democratic	1867	Incumbent re-elected.	Y James A. Johnson (Democratic) 50.4% Chancellor Hartson (Republican) 49.6%

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Florida had been unrepresented in Congress since January 21, 1861, when its sole member and both senators withdrew from Congress following the secession of Florida from the Union. Following the end of the Civil War, an election had been held in 1865, but it was rejected by Congress. In 1868, Congress readmitted Florida following Reconstruction.

Election to the current term

The first election, for the duration of the 40th congress, was held May 5, 1868.[8]

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Florida at-large	None			State readmitted. New member elected May 5, 1868 to finish the term and seated July 1, 1868. Republican gain.[9] Winner was later re-elected to the next term.	Y Charles M. Hamilton (Republican) 58.1% John Friend (Democratic) 32.6% Liberty Billings (Independent) 9.4%

Hamilton was seated on July 1, 1868,[9] during the 2nd session of the 40th Congress.

Election to the next term

Florida elected its one at-large member on December 29, 1868, re-electing Hamilton, who had just been elected in May to finish the current term.[10]

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Florida at-large	Charles M. Hamilton	Republican	1868[lower-alpha 9]	Re-elected	Y Charles M. Hamilton (Republican) 56.4% W. D. Barnes (Democratic) 38.5% William U. Saunders (Independent) 5.1%

Georgia

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Massachusetts 1
Massachusetts 2
Massachusetts 3
Massachusetts 4
Massachusetts 5
Massachusetts 6
Massachusetts 7
Massachusetts 8
Massachusetts 9
Massachusetts 10	Henry L. Dawes	Republican	1856	Incumbent re-elected.[11]	Y Henry L. Dawes (Republican) 12,260 votes Chapin (Democratic) 7,490 votes[11]

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

1868 rejected elections

Mississippi elected its members July 1, 1868, but that election was later rejected by the House.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Mississippi 1	None, seat not admitted			New member elected, but election rejected by the House.	Y Charles Townsend (Democratic) 65.45% Jefferson L. Wofford (Republican) 34.55%[12]
Mississippi 2	None, seat not admitted			New member elected, but election rejected by the House.	Y T.N. Martin (Democratic) 65.47% Jehiel Railsback (Republican) 34.53%[13]
Mississippi 3	None, seat not admitted			New member elected, but election rejected by the House.	Y G.P. Turner (Democratic) 53.43% Charles A. Sullivan (Republican) 46.57%[14]
Mississippi 4	None, seat not admitted			New member elected, but election rejected by the House.	Y George McKee (Republican) 56.86% George L. Potter (Democratic) 43.14%[15]
Mississippi 5	None, seat not admitted			New member elected, but election rejected by the House.	Y William T. Martin (Democratic) 51.63% Legrand W. Perce (Republican) 48.37%[16]

1869 accepted elections

Mississippi then held new elections December 1, 1869 both: to finish the term in the 40th Congress and to the next term (starting in 1871) in the 41st Congress. Both elections had the same vote totals and were accepted by the House. The new members were seated in 1870.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Mississippi 1	None, seat not admitted			New member elected to finish the term and to the next term. Republican gain.	Y George E. Harris (Republican) 59.96% Jefferson L. Wofford (Democratic) 37.52% R. B. Avery (Independent) 2.52%[17][18]
Mississippi 2	None, seat not admitted			New member elected to finish the term and to the next term. Republican gain.	Y Joseph L. Morphis (Republican) 59.05% William Kellogg (Democratic) 31.51% J.H. Tatum (Independent) 9.44%[19][20]
Mississippi 3	None, seat not admitted			New member elected to finish the term and to the next term. Republican gain.	Y Henry W. Barry (Republican) 62.22% Schuyler B. Steers (Democratic) 29.07% J.D. Leflore (Independent) 8.71%[21][22]
Mississippi 4	None, seat not admitted			New member elected to finish the term and to the next term. Republican gain.	Y George McKee (Republican) 71.57% Archie C. Fisk (Democratic) 27.97% Scattering <1.0%[23][24]
Mississippi 5	None, seat not admitted			New member elected to finish the term and to the next term. Republican gain.	Y Legrand W. Perce (Republican) 66.62% Leroy S. Bronn (Democratic) 33.38%[25][26]

Missouri

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New York

North Carolina

Ohio

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates[27]
Ohio 1	Benjamin Eggleston	Republican	1864	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain.	Y Peter W. Strader (Democratic) 50.5% Benjamin Eggleston (Republican) 49.5%
Ohio 2	Samuel F. Cary	Ind-Republican	1867 (Special)	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican hold.	Y Job E. Stevenson (Republican) 51.1% Samuel F. Cary (Democratic) 48.9%
Ohio 3	Robert C. Schenck	Republican	1862	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Robert C. Schenck (Republican) 50.7% Clement Vallandigham (Democratic) 49.3%
Ohio 4	William Lawrence	Republican	1864	Incumbent re-elected.	Y William Lawrence (Republican) 51.2% John S. Leedom (Democratic) 48.8%
Ohio 5	William Mungen	Democratic	1866	Incumbent re-elected.	Y William Mungen (Democratic) 59.3% Thomas E. Grissell (Republican) 40.7%
Ohio 6	Reader W. Clarke	Republican	1864	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	Y John Armstrong Smith (Republican) 51.6% Nelson Barrere (Democratic) 48.4%
Ohio 7	Samuel Shellabarger	Republican	1864	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	Y James J. Winans (Republican) 50.2% John H. Thomas (Democratic) 49.8%
Ohio 8	John Beatty	Republican	1868 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	Y John Beatty (Republican) 52.0% John H. Benson (Democratic) 48.0%
Ohio 9	Ralph P. Buckland	Republican	1864	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain.	Y Edward F. Dickinson (Democratic) 52.7% William Harvey Gibson (Republican) 47.3%
Ohio 10	James M. Ashley	Republican	1862	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain.	Y Truman H. Hoag (Democratic) 51.5% James M. Ashley (Democratic) 48.5%
Ohio 11	John Thomas Wilson	Republican	1866	Incumbent re-elected.	Y John Thomas Wilson (Republican) 54.2% John Sands (Democratic) 45.8%
Ohio 12	Philadelph Van Trump	Democratic	1866	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Philadelph Van Trump (Democratic) 58.9% Nelson J. Turney (Republican) 41.1%
Ohio 13	Columbus Delano	Republican	1866[lower-alpha 10]	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain.	Y George W. Morgan (Democratic) 53.0% Charles Cooper (Republican) 47.0%
Ohio 14	Martin Welker	Republican	1864	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Martin Welker (Republican) 50.9% Lyman R. Critchfield (Democratic) 49.1%
Ohio 15	Tobias A. Plants	Republican	1864	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	Y Eliakim H. Moore (Republican) 51.8% Martin Dewey Follett (Democratic) 48.2%
Ohio 16	John Bingham	Republican	1864	Incumbent re-elected.	Y John Bingham (Republican) 50.8% Josiah M. Estep (Democratic) 49.2%
Ohio 17	Ephraim R. Eckley	Republican	1862	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	Y Jacob A. Ambler (Republican) 56.4% Daniel T. Lawson (Democratic) 43.6%
Ohio 18	Rufus P. Spalding	Republican	1862	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	Y William H. Upson (Republican) 60.5% Franklin T. Backus (Democratic) 39.5%
Ohio 19	James A. Garfield	Republican	1862	Incumbent re-elected.	Y James A. Garfield (Republican) 67.4% James McEwen (Democratic) 32.6%

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

Tennessee

Texas

Vermont

Virginia

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wisconsin elected six members of congress on Election Day, November 3, 1868.[28]

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Wisconsin 1	Halbert E. Paine	Republican	1864	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Halbert E. Paine (Republican) 50.6% Alexander Mitchell (Democratic) 49.4%
Wisconsin 2	Benjamin F. Hopkins	Republican	1866	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Benjamin F. Hopkins (Republican) 59.2% John Winans (Democratic) 40.8%
Wisconsin 3	Amasa Cobb	Republican	1862	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Amasa Cobb (Republican) 61.6% John H. Passmore (Democratic) 38.4%
Wisconsin 4	Charles A. Eldredge	Democratic	1862	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Charles A. Eldredge (Democratic) 57.3% Leander F. Frisby (Republican) 42.7%
Wisconsin 5	Philetus Sawyer	Republican	1864	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Philetus Sawyer (Republican) 55.8% Joseph Vilas (Democratic) 44.2%
Wisconsin 6	Cadwallader C. Washburn	Republican	1866	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Cadwallader C. Washburn (Republican) 64.8% Albert Gallatin Ellis (Democratic) 35.2%

Non-voting delegates

Colorado Territory

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Delegate	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Colorado Territory at-large	George M. Chilcott	Independent Republican	1866	Unknown if incumbent retired or lost renomination. New delegate elected. Republican gain.	Y Allen A. Bradford (Republican) [data unknown/missing][29]

Montana Territory

The election date is speculative.[30]

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Montana Territory at-large	James M. Cavanaugh	Democratic	1868	Incumbent re-elected.	Y James M. Cavanaugh (Democratic) 59.95% James Tufts (Republican) 40.05%[30]

Wyoming Territory

On July 25, 1868, an act of Congress gave Wyoming Territory the authority to elect a Congressional delegate, although the first delegate did not take his seat until 1869.[31]

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Wyoming Territory At-large	None, new district.			Territory organized in previous congress. New delegate elected December 6, 1869. Democratic gain.	Y Stephen F. Nuckolls (Democratic) 62.69% William W. Corlett (Republican) 37.32%[32]

Notes

Excludes states readmitted after the start of Congress.
The majority of States held elections on November 3, 1868 (i.e. "Election Day") for the first time.
Including late elections.
Conservatives won 5 seats.
Elections held late.
Elections held early.
Readmitted state.
Previous election had one vacancy.
Late election to 40th Congress.
Columbus Delano lost election in 1866 to George W. Morgan, contested the election and was seated June 1868.

References

"Our Campaigns - OH District 08 - Special Election Race - Jan 27, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - PA District 9 - Special Election Race - Oct 13, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - PA District 20 - Special Election Race - Oct 13, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - MO District 5 - Special Election Race - Nov 03, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - MA District 7 - Special Election Race - Nov 02, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - IL District 3-Special Race - Dec 06, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.
May results shown here, see article for December election results
"Our Campaigns - FL At Large Race - May 05, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"40th Congress membership roster" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 9, 2013. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
"Our Campaigns - FL At Large Race - Dec 29, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.
Ben. Perley Poore (1869). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory for the First Session of the Forty-First Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081796686.
"Our Campaigns - MS - District 01 Race - Jun 30, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - MS - District 02 Race - Jun 30, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - MS - District 03 Race - Jun 30, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - MS - District 04 Race - Jun 30, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - MS - District 05 Race - Jun 30, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - MS - District 01 - Special Election Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - MS - District 01 Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - MS - District 02 Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - MS - District 02 Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - MS - District 03 Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - MS - District 03 Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - MS - District 04 Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - MS - District 04 Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - MS - District 05 Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"Our Campaigns - MS - District 05 Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.
Smith, Joseph P, ed. (1898). History of the Republican Party in Ohio. I. Chicago: the Lewis Publishing Company. pp. 258, 259.
"Wisconsin U.S. House Election Results" (PDF). Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2014.
https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=264165
"Our Campaigns - MT Territorial Delegate Race - Nov 02, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.
"House History". Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives. Retrieved April 15, 2010.
"Our Campaigns - WY Territorial Delegate - Initial Election Race - Sep 02, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.

Bibliography

Ben. Perley Poore (1869). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory for the First Session of the Forty-First Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081796686.
Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
"Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.

External links

Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] Excludes states readmitted after the start of Congress.

[2] The majority of States held elections on November 3, 1868 (i.e. "Election Day") for the first time.

[late-3] Including late elections.

[4] Conservatives won 5 seats.

[late2-5] Elections held late.

[early-6] Elections held early.

[read-7] Readmitted state.

[pv-8] Previous election had one vacancy.

[lateelection-19] Late election to 40th Congress.

[37] Columbus Delano lost election in 1866 to George W. Morgan, contested the election and was seated June 1868.

[9] "Our Campaigns - OH District 08 - Special Election Race - Jan 27, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[10] "Our Campaigns - PA District 9 - Special Election Race - Oct 13, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[11] "Our Campaigns - PA District 20 - Special Election Race - Oct 13, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[12] "Our Campaigns - MO District 5 - Special Election Race - Nov 03, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[13] "Our Campaigns - MA District 7 - Special Election Race - Nov 02, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[14] "Our Campaigns - IL District 3-Special Race - Dec 06, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[15] May results shown here, see article for December election results

[16] "Our Campaigns - FL At Large Race - May 05, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[40thRoster-17] "40th Congress membership roster" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 9, 2013. Retrieved May 13, 2019.

[18] "Our Campaigns - FL At Large Race - Dec 29, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[directory1869-20] Ben. Perley Poore (1869). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory for the First Session of the Forty-First Congress (2nd ed.). Washington DC: Government Printing Office. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081796686.

[21] "Our Campaigns - MS - District 01 Race - Jun 30, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[22] "Our Campaigns - MS - District 02 Race - Jun 30, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[23] "Our Campaigns - MS - District 03 Race - Jun 30, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[24] "Our Campaigns - MS - District 04 Race - Jun 30, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[25] "Our Campaigns - MS - District 05 Race - Jun 30, 1868". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[26] "Our Campaigns - MS - District 01 - Special Election Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[27] "Our Campaigns - MS - District 01 Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[28] "Our Campaigns - MS - District 02 Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[29] "Our Campaigns - MS - District 02 Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[30] "Our Campaigns - MS - District 03 Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[31] "Our Campaigns - MS - District 03 Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[32] "Our Campaigns - MS - District 04 Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[33] "Our Campaigns - MS - District 04 Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[34] "Our Campaigns - MS - District 05 Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[35] "Our Campaigns - MS - District 05 Race - Nov 30, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[36] Smith, Joseph P, ed. (1898). History of the Republican Party in Ohio. I. Chicago: the Lewis Publishing Company. pp. 258, 259.

[38] "Wisconsin U.S. House Election Results" (PDF). Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2014.

[39] ttps://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=264165

[MT1868-40] "Our Campaigns - MT Territorial Delegate Race - Nov 02, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[41] "House History". Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives. Retrieved April 15, 2010.

[42] "Our Campaigns - WY Territorial Delegate - Initial Election Race - Sep 02, 1869". www.ourcampaigns.com.

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