Yüksekova

Yüksekova
Gever
The plains of Gever
Yüksekova
Coordinates: 37°34′00″N 44°17′00″E / 37.56667°N 44.28333°E / 37.56667; 44.28333Coordinates: 37°34′00″N 44°17′00″E / 37.56667°N 44.28333°E / 37.56667; 44.28333
Country Turkey
Province Hakkâri
Government
 • Mayor Ruken Yetişkin (BDP)
 • Kaymakam Üzeyir Aziz Özeren
Area[1]
 • District 2,371.85 km2 (915.78 sq mi)
Elevation 1,950 m (6,400 ft)
Population (2012)[2]
 • Urban 68,230
 • District 115,966
 • District density 49/km2 (130/sq mi)
Post code 30300
Website www.yuksekova.bel.tr

Yüksekova, formerly known as Gever (Kurdish: Gever‎; Syriac: Gawar), is a city and a district of Hakkari Province of Turkey, situated on the border with Iran. Its location on the trade route between north western Iran and eastern Turkey made it an important juncture for travelers and the location of several ethnic groups that were active in regional trade.

Name

Gawar or "Gaur, Gwer, Gabr, Gawr" is a term of Aramaic origin used to denote Zoroastrians in Mesopotamia by Persians and later applied to all non-Muslim people of Middle East in the Islamic era (see گبر). This word was later used as Islamic religious term as "Giaour, Gavur, Kuffar" which means "infidel".[3][4] In 1936 its name was changed to Yüksekova by Turkish authorities.

History

In the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, Gawar had around 30 villages. Prior to World War I the population of Gawar was 15,000.[5] Inhabitants lived off agriculture that mainly consisted of wheat, barley, cotton and tea. Gawar had around 1497 families in the 1880s.

Up until World War I, Gawar was the seat of a bishop of the Church of the East. The district of Gawar served as the main travel stop for Assyrians traveling between the Hakkari tribal areas and the Urmia plains.

In the 1810s the whole population of villages in the region of the Upper Zab River were Assyrians until the Assyrian genocide.[6]

Population changes in city
Year 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1997 2000 2007
Population 858[7] 1,212[8] 1,143 [9] 1,397[10] 1,628[11] 2,768[12] 4,419[13] 7,329[14] 14,287[15] 16,334[16] 28,486[17] 53,411[18] 59,662[19] 59,410[20]


Climate

Yüksekova has a Continental Mediterranean climate (Köppen: Dsb). The winter months are cold and snowy, springs are cool and wet, autumns are mild and crisp, while the summer months are pleasantly warm and dry with cool nights. The average annual temperature is 6.9 °C and precipitation here averages 670 mm.[21]

Climate data for Yüksekova
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) −6.4
(20.5)		 −4.0
(24.8)		 2.7
(36.9)		 10.3
(50.5)		 17.6
(63.7)		 22.8
(73)		 26.7
(80.1)		 26.8
(80.2)		 23.2
(73.8)		 16.3
(61.3)		 7.7
(45.9)		 −3.3
(26.1)		 11.7
(53.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) −9.0
(15.8)		 −7.3
(18.9)		 −0.7
(30.7)		 6.0
(42.8)		 12.1
(53.8)		 16.5
(61.7)		 20.3
(68.5)		 20.2
(68.4)		 16.4
(61.5)		 10.5
(50.9)		 3.3
(37.9)		 −5.5
(22.1)		 6.9
(44.4)
Average low °C (°F) −11.5
(11.3)		 −10.6
(12.9)		 −4.0
(24.8)		 1.8
(35.2)		 6.6
(43.9)		 10.3
(50.5)		 13.6
(56.5)		 13.9
(57)		 9.6
(49.3)		 4.7
(40.5)		 −1.0
(30.2)		 −7.7
(18.1)		 2.1
(35.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 71
(2.8)		 90
(3.54)		 104
(4.09)		 106
(4.17)		 58
(2.28)		 18
(0.71)		 6
(0.24)		 5
(0.2)		 6
(0.24)		 50
(1.97)		 76
(2.99)		 80
(3.15)		 670
(26.38)
Source: Climate-Data.org[22]

Notable Gawar Assyrians

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Area of regions (including lakes), km²". Regional Statistics Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. 2002. Retrieved 2013-03-05.
  2. ↑ "Population of province/district centers and towns/villages by districts - 2012". Address Based Population Registration System (ABPRS) Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. Retrieved 2013-02-27.
  3. ↑ Bausani, A. (1965), "Gabr", Encyclopedia of Islam, II (2 ed.), Leiden: Brill
  4. ↑ Shaki, Mansour (2001), "Gabr", Encyclopedia Iranica, 10, Costa Mesa: Mazda
  5. ↑ Assyrians Of The Van District During The Rule Of Ottoman Turks, M.Y.A . Lilian, 1914
  6. ↑ Aboona, Hirmis (2008). Assyrians, Kurds, and Ottomans: Intercommunal Relations on the Periphery of the Ottoman Empire. Cambria Press. p. 7. ISBN 1604975830.
  7. ↑ https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  8. ↑ https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  9. ↑ https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  10. ↑ https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  11. ↑ https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  12. ↑ https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  13. ↑ https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  14. ↑ https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  15. ↑ https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  16. ↑ https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  17. ↑ https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  18. ↑ https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  19. ↑ https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  20. ↑ https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  21. ↑ "Climate Yüksekova: Temperature, Climograph, Climate table for Yüksekova - Climate-Data.org". en.climate-data.org. Retrieved 2018-01-16.
  22. ↑ "Climate:Yüksekova". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 11 April 2014.
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