Little League World Series

Little League World Series
Most recent season or competition:
2018 Little League World Series
Logo for the 2018 Little League World Series
Sport Baseball
Founded 1947, 71 years ago
No. of teams 16
Countries International
Most recent
champion(s)
Hawaii Honolulu, Hawaii
Most titles  Taiwan (17 titles)
Official website LittleLeague.org
South Williamsport
Location in the United States
South Williamsport
Location in Pennsylvania

The Little League Baseball World Series is an annual baseball tournament in the eastern United States for children aged 10 to 12 years old.[1][2] Originally called the National Little League Tournament, it was later renamed for the World Series in Major League Baseball. The Series was first held 71 years ago in 1947 and is held every August in South Williamsport, Pennsylvania.[3] (Although the postal address of the organization is in Williamsport, the Series itself is played at Howard J. Lamade Stadium and Volunteer Stadium at the Little League headquarters complex in South Williamsport.)

Initially, only teams from the United States competed in the Series, but it has since become a worldwide tournament. The tournament has gained popular renown, especially in the United States, where games from the Series and even from regional tournaments are broadcast on ESPN. The United States collectively as a country has won majority of the series, although from 1969 to 1991 teams from Taiwan dominated the series, winning in 15 out of those 23 years. Taiwan's dominance during those years has been attributed to a national effort to combat its perceived diplomatic isolation around the world.[4] From 2010 to the present, teams from Tokyo, Japan, have similarly dominated the series, winning five of the last nine matchups.

While the Little League Baseball World Series is frequently referred to as just the Little League World Series, it is actually one of twelve tournaments sponsored by Little League International, in twelve different locations. Each of them brings community teams from different Little League International regions around the world together in baseball (five age divisions), girls' softball (four age divisions), and boys' softball (three divisions). The tournament structure described here is that used for the Little League Baseball World Series. The structure used for the other World Series is similar, but with different regions.

Qualifying tournaments

A Little League World Series game
at Howard J. Lamade Stadium in 2007

In the summer months leading up to the Little League World Series, held each year in August, Little Leagues around the world select and a All-Star team made up of players from its league. It is these All-Star teams that compete in district,[5] sectional and/or divisional, and regional tournaments, hoping to advance to Williamsport for the Little League World Series. How many games a team has to play varies from region to region. In the United States, the tournaments at the lowest (district) level lack nationwide standardization. Some use pool play or double elimination, while others use single elimination.

In the United States, the fate of district winners varies widely from state to state. In some larger states such as Pennsylvania, New York, and California, the district winners advance to one of many sectional tournaments.[5] The winners of each sectional tournament then advance to a state or divisional tournament, the latter only being held in Texas and California and are similar to the state tournaments held in less populous states.[5] Most smaller states lack competition at the sectional level and go straight from district to state tournaments. A handful of states are composed of only one district, and the district champion is the automatic state champion.[5]

With 4 exceptions, every state as well as the District of Columbia crowns a state champion,[6] and sends that team to represent it to one of eight regional tournaments. The exceptions involve California, Texas, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Because of their large geographic and population sizes, California and Texas send two representatives to their regional tournament; Northern California and Southern California in the West region tournament and Texas East and Texas West (whose areas encompass more than the geographical areas of East Texas and West Texas, splitting roughly along the I-35/I-37 corridor) compete in the Southwest region tournament.[5] Conversely, North Dakota has only one city (Fargo) that operates Little League–sponsored competitions; the Dakotas have one district spanning the two states, and its winner becomes the joint champion and advances to the Midwest region tournament.[5]

The state champions (as well as the Northern California, Southern California, Texas East, Texas West, and Dakotas champions) compete in one of eight different regional tournaments. Each regional tournament winner then advances to the Little League World Series. See for a comprehensive breakdown of current and historical US regional tournament locations, participants and results.

Other countries and regions pick their own way of crowning a champion.[5] Little League Canada holds tournaments at the provincial and divisional level to field six champions (five provincial and one divisional) at the national tournament: Alberta, Ontario, Quebec, British Columbia, Saskatchewan, and the Atlantic Provinces.[7] The host site of the national tournament varies from year to year, and the host team gets an automatic berth as the seventh team. The tournament is played as a round robin and uses the page playoff format. The winner of the national tournament earns the right to represent Canada at the Little League World Series.

Regions

The eight regional tournament winners which compete in the United States Bracket of the Little League World Series, as well as the states those regional champions could possibly hail from are as follows:

The eight divisions which compete in the International Bracket are as follows:

The eight divisions which compete in the United States bracket represent 96% of the players in Little League with over 2.2 million players while the eight divisions in the International bracket represent 4% of the Little League or less than 130 thousand players.

Prior to 2008, instead of two separate geographic regions, Europe, the Middle East, and Africa held two coterminous regions:[8]

The Transatlantic and EMEA regions were geographically identical. Leagues from the Transatlantic region generally consisted of children and other dependents of American expatriates, typically Armed Forces personnel, international organization members, and oil company workers (such as the team representing the Saudi Aramco Residential Camp in Dhahran, which advanced to the World Series 19 times through 2007, including all the tournaments from 2001 through 2007). The leagues within the "EMEA" region consisted of players native to the league's own country. Representative teams for the Trans-Atlantic region had to have at least 51% nationals of Canada, the U.S. or Japan, while teams for the EMEA region could have no more than three players from those three countries.

Teams in the reorganized Europe and MEA regions did not have nationality restrictions, as evidenced by the 2009 series. In that year, both regions were won by teams made up primarily of children of American expatriates. Europe was represented by a team from Ramstein Air Base, a United States Air Force base in Germany, while MEA was represented for the second time in its two-year existence by the team from the Saudi Aramco camp.

On August 29, 2012, Little League announced a significant realignment of the international regions, which took effect in 2013:[9]

  • Australia left the former Asia-Pacific Region and received an automatic berth in the LLWS. Australia has now become the fourth-largest country, and the largest outside North America, in Little League participation.
  • The former MEA (Middle East–Africa) Region was disbanded.
  • Middle Eastern countries, except for Israel and Turkey (see below), were placed in the former Asia-Pacific Region, which was renamed the Asia-Pacific and Middle East Region.
  • African countries were placed in the former Europe Region, which was renamed the Europe and Africa Region. Israel and Turkey remained in the renamed Europe and Africa region; they had been in the former Europe Region as members of the European zone of the International Baseball Federation.

World Series tournament format

A Little League World Series Game at Howard J. Lamade Stadium in South Williamsport

The Little League World Series currently consists of 16 teams; eight from the United States, and eight from other countries. From the inaugural 1947 tournament through 1956, there were predominantly U.S.-based teams, usually eight, competing in a single-elimination format. One Canadian team played in 1952, and one in 1953. Regions were introduced in 1957, and that tournament included the first non-U.S. champion, Monterrey, Mexico, although they represented the U.S. South region. International regions were added in 1958. From 1962 through 2000, the eight teams in the tournament came from four U.S and four international regions:

Through 1975, all teams competed in one bracket. That year, the tournament was held with only the teams from the U.S. regions.[10] The international teams returned in 1976,[10] when two brackets were established, one with U.S. teams, and the other with international teams. The U.S. bracket winner and the international bracket winner would then meet in the championship game,[10] an arrangement that has continued to the present, independent of subsequent changes made to early rounds of the tournament.

In 2001, the number of regions was doubled to 16. The tournament started with eight U.S. teams, randomly assigned into two four-team pools; and eight international teams, also randomly assigned into two four-team pools. Teams competed round-robin within their own pool, with the top two teams of each pool advancing to single-elimination play for a spot in the U.S. final or international final, followed by the U.S champion and international champion meeting in the World Championship game.

In 2010, round-robin play was replaced by a double-elimination bracket in each four-team pool. The winners of each pool advanced to a single-elimination U.S. championship or international championship game, with those winners advancing to the World Championship game. Additionally, each team in the tournament played a minimum of three games, as any team that lost its first two games would play in a consolation U.S. vs. international game.[11]

In 2011, pools were eliminated, with the eight U.S. teams continuing to compete in one bracket and the eight international teams in another bracket. The tournament is double-elimination until the U.S. championship and international championship games, which remain single-elimination, with those winners advancing to the World Championship game. Each team in the tournament still plays a minimum of three games, via consolation games as noted above.[12][13]

Venues

Welcome sign in the Little League World Series Complex

Two venues host World Series games: Howard J. Lamade Stadium and Little League Volunteer Stadium. Lamade Stadium has hosted games since 1959, and added lights in 1992.[14] Volunteer Stadium opened in 2001 when the field expanded to 16 teams. Prior to 1959, the Little League World Series was held at Original Little League on West Fourth Street in Williamsport.[15]

Both fields have symmetrical fences, with a distance of 68.6 m (225 feet) from home plate to each of the outfield positions. That distance had been 62.5 m (205 feet) before 2006.

Admission to all LLWS games is free for all spectators. However, stadium seats for the championship game are distributed in a random drawing of all interested parties due to high demand. Some early round games, mostly games with Pennsylvania teams, will use first-come, first-served admission if a big crowd is to be expected.[16] Lamade Stadium has a berm beyond the fences that has allowed the facility to hold up to 45,000 spectators.

Age requirements

From 1947 to 2005, the age limit for players was set at children who turned 13 on August 1 of that year or later. In 2006, the age limit was loosened to include players who turn 13 after April 30. As the Series takes place in August, this led to many of the players having already turned 13 before the Series started. In 2014 Little League voted to change the age cutoff from April 30 to December 31. However, this caused outrage by parents because the players born between May 1 and August 31, 2005 would have lost their 12-year-old season because they would be considered to be 13 years old even though they have not reached their 13th birthday. Effective November 2015, a new implementation plan was established, which "grandfathered" players born between May 1 and August 31, 2005 as 12-year-olds for the 2018 season, using the current April 30 age determination date for the 2018 season. Beginning in 2019, a new determination date of August 31 will be used, which will effectively ban 13-year-old players from participating in the Series.

Notable events

Little League World Series champions

Year Winner Score Runner-Up
1947 Pennsylvania
Williamsport, Pennsylvania
16–7 Pennsylvania
Lock Haven, Pennsylvania
1948 Pennsylvania
Lock Haven, Pennsylvania
6–5 Florida
St. Petersburg, Florida
1949 New Jersey
Hammonton, New Jersey
5–0 Florida
Pensacola, Florida
1950 Texas
Houston, Texas
2–1 Connecticut
Bridgeport, Connecticut
1951 Connecticut
Stamford, Connecticut
3–0 Texas
Austin, Texas
1952 Connecticut
Norwalk, Connecticut
4–3 Pennsylvania
Monongahela, Pennsylvania
1953 Alabama
Birmingham, Alabama
1–0 New York (state)
Schenectady, New York
1954 New York (state)
Schenectady, New York
7–5 California
Colton, California
1955 Pennsylvania
Morrisville, Pennsylvania
4–3 New Jersey
Delaware Township, New Jersey
1956 New Mexico
Roswell, New Mexico
3–1 New Jersey
Delaware Township, New Jersey
1957 Mexico
Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
4–0 California
La Mesa, California
1958 Mexico
Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
10–1 Illinois
Kankakee, Illinois
1959 Michigan
Hamtramck, Michigan
12–0 California
Auburn, California
1960 Pennsylvania
Levittown, Pennsylvania
5–0 Texas
Ft. Worth, Texas
1961 California
El Cajon, California
4–2 Texas
El Campo, Texas
1962 California
San Jose, California
3–0 Illinois
Kankakee, Illinois
1963 California
Granada Hills, California
2–1 Connecticut
Stratford, Connecticut
1964 New York (state)
Staten Island, New York
4–0 Mexico
Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
1965 Connecticut
Windsor Locks, Connecticut
3–1 Canada
Stoney Creek, Ontario
1966 Texas
Houston, Texas
8–2 New Jersey
West New York, New Jersey
1967 Japan
West Tokyo, Japan
4–1 Illinois
Chicago, Illinois
1968 Japan
Wakayama, Osaka, Japan
1–0 Virginia
Richmond, Virginia
1969 Taiwan
Taichung, Taiwan
5–0 California
Santa Clara, California
1970 New Jersey
Wayne, New Jersey
2–0 California
Campbell, California
1971 Taiwan
Tainan, Taiwan
12–3 (F/9) Indiana
Gary, Indiana
1972 Taiwan
Taipei, Taiwan
6–0 Indiana
Hammond, Indiana
1973 Taiwan
Tainan, Taiwan
12–0 Arizona
Tucson, Arizona
1974 Taiwan
Kaohsiung, Taiwan
12–1 California
Red Bluff, California
1975* New Jersey
Lakewood, New Jersey
4–3 Florida
Tampa, Florida
1976 Japan
Chofu, Tokyo, Japan
10–3 California
Campbell, California
1977 Taiwan
Kaohsiung, Taiwan
7–2 California
El Cajon, California
1978 Taiwan
Pingtung, Taiwan
11–1 California
Danville, California
1979 Taiwan
Chiayi County, Taiwan
2–1
(F/8)
California
Campbell, California
1980 Taiwan
Hua-Lien, Taiwan
4–3 Florida
Tampa, Florida
1981 Taiwan
Taichung, Taiwan
4–2 Florida
Tampa, Florida
1982 Washington (state)
Kirkland, Washington
6–0 Taiwan
Chiayi, Taiwan
1983 Georgia (U.S. state)
Marietta, Georgia
3–1 Dominican Republic
Barahona, Dominican Republic
1984 South Korea
Seoul, South Korea
6–2 Florida
Altamonte Springs, Florida
1985 South Korea
Seoul, South Korea
7–1 Mexico/California
Mexicali, BC/Calexico, CA
1986 Taiwan
Tainan, Taiwan
12–0 Arizona
Tucson, Arizona
1987 Taiwan
Hua-Lien, Taiwan
21–1 California
Irvine, California
1988 Taiwan
Taichung, Taiwan
10–0 Hawaii
Pearl City, Hawaii
1989 Connecticut
Trumbull, Connecticut
5–2 Taiwan
Kaohsiung, Taiwan
1990 Taiwan
Tainan County, Taiwan
9–0 Pennsylvania
Shippensburg, Pennsylvania
1991 Taiwan
Taichung, Taiwan
11–0 California
San Ramon Valley, California
1992 California
Long Beach, California
6–0 Philippines
Zamboanga City, Philippines
1993 California
Long Beach, California
3–2 Panama
David, Chiriquí, Panama
1994 Venezuela
Maracaibo, Venezuela
4–3 California
Northridge, California
1995 Taiwan
Tainan, Taiwan
17–3 (F/5) Texas
Spring, Texas
1996 Taiwan
Kaohsiung, Taiwan
13–3 (F/5) Rhode Island
Cranston, Rhode Island
1997 Mexico
Guadalupe, Nuevo León, Mexico
5–4 California
South Mission Viejo, California
1998 New Jersey
Toms River, New Jersey
12–9 Japan
Kashima, Japan
1999 Japan
Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
5–0 Alabama
Phenix City, Alabama
2000 Venezuela
Maracaibo, Venezuela
3–2 Texas
Bellaire, Texas
2001 Japan
Tokyo Kitasuna, Tokyo, Japan
2–1 Florida
Apopka, Florida
2002 Kentucky
Pleasure Ridge Park, Kentucky
1–0 Japan
Sendai, Japan
2003 Japan
Musashi-Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
10–1 Florida
East Boynton Beach, Florida
2004 Curaçao
Willemstad, Curaçao
5–2 California
Thousand Oaks, California
2005 Hawaii
Ewa Beach, Hawaii
7–6 (F/7) Curaçao
Willemstad, Curaçao
2006 Georgia (U.S. state)
Columbus, Georgia
2–1 Japan
Kawaguchi City, Japan
2007 Georgia (U.S. state)
Warner Robins, Georgia
3–2 (F/8) Japan
Tokyo, Japan
2008 Hawaii
Waipahu, Hawaii
12–3 Mexico
Matamoros, Tamaulipas, Mexico
2009 California
Chula Vista, California
6–3 Taiwan
Taoyuan County, Taiwan
2010 Japan
Edogawa Minami, Tokyo, Japan
4–1 Hawaii
Waipahu, Hawaii
2011 California
Huntington Beach, California
2–1 Japan
Hamamatsu City, Japan
2012 Japan
Tokyo-Kitasuna, Tokyo, Japan
12–2 (F/5) Tennessee
Goodlettsville, Tennessee
2013 Japan
Musashi-Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
6–4 California
Chula Vista, California
2014 South Korea
Seoul, South Korea
8–4 Nevada
Las Vegas, Nevada
2015 Japan
Tokyo-Kitasuna, Tokyo, Japan
18–11 Pennsylvania
Lewisberry, Pennsylvania
2016 New York (state)
Maine-Endwell, New York
2–1 South Korea
Seoul, South Korea
2017 Japan
Tokyo-Kitasuna, Tokyo, Japan
12–2 (F/5) Texas
Lufkin, Texas
2018 Hawaii
Honolulu, Hawaii
3–0 South Korea
Seoul, South Korea

Forfeits due to ineligible players:

Zamboanga City, Philippines, was disqualified and stripped of its 1992 championship.
Chicago, Illinois, was stripped of its 2014 U.S. championship title, which was given to runner-up Las Vegas, Nevada.

Championship tally

Championships won by country/state

RankTeamTitlesYears
1Taiwan Taiwan171969, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1995, 1996
2Japan Japan111967, 1968, 1976, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2017
3 California71961, 1962, 1963, 1992, 1993, 2009, 2011
4  Pennsylvania41947, 1948, 1955, 1960
 Connecticut1951, 1952, 1965, 1989
 New Jersey1949, 1970, 1975, 1998
7 Mexico Mexico31957, 1958, 1997
Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia1983, 2006, 2007
South Korea South Korea1984, 1985, 2014
 New York1954, 1964, 2016
 Hawaii2005, 2008, 2018
12  Texas21950, 1966
Venezuela Venezuela1994, 2000
14  Alabama11953
 New Mexico1956
 Michigan1959
Washington (state) Washington1982
 Kentucky2002
 Curaçao2004

Championship notes

  • In November 1974, Little League Baseball banned all non-U.S. teams from the World Series for the 1975 event.[18] After considerable criticism, the ban was rescinded prior to the 1976 event.[19]
  • In 1976, the tournament was split into two brackets; one for International teams, and one for teams representing the United States. As a result, a team representing the United States is assured of being in the finals each year.
  • In 1985, Mexicali, Mexico, represented the West Region of the United States in the Little League World Series. Because of its proximity to the El Centro/Calexico area in Southern California, Mexicali competed in and represented California's District 22 in the Southern California division from 1957 to 1985, representing the bordering city of Calexico, California.[20]
  • In 1992, Long Beach was declared a 6–0 winner after the international tournament committee determined that Zamboanga City had used ineligible players that were either not from within its city limits, over age, or both. The championship game was originally won by Zamboanga City 15-4.
  • From 1997 to 2002, no teams from Taiwan participated in the tournament. In 1997, the Taiwan Baseball Association decided its leagues would no longer charter with Little League, claiming inability to comply with rules enacted in 1992 regarding the maximum size of player pools and number of participating teams in leagues based at schools, and residency requirements, which Little League Baseball had stated it would enforce more strictly, especially after the 1992 incident. From the introduction of Far East teams in 1967 until after 1996, Taiwan had won 17 of a possible 30 championships and had been runner-up twice.[21]
Due to complicated relations with the People's Republic of China, the Republic of China—commonly known as Taiwan—is recognized by the name Chinese Taipei by a majority of international organizations, including Little League Baseball. For more information, see Cross-Strait relations. LLWS records and news accounts may use Republic of China, Taiwan, or Chinese Taipei to refer to the same entity.
  • In 2014, Chicago defeated Las Vegas for the U.S. championship before losing to Seoul, South Korea, in the LLWS championship. On February 11, 2015, Chicago was stripped of its U.S. title for fielding ineligible players; it was retroactively awarded to Las Vegas.

Notable participants in the Little League World Series

Major League Baseball players

National Football League players

National Hockey League players

Other

Media coverage

The first broadcast of the Little League World Series on television was on ABC Sports (now ESPN on ABC) in 1963. For years, only the championship game was televised. Since the late 1980s, when the tournament was reorganized, both the U.S. and international championships, the "semifinals", have been shown. As the years passed, more telecasts were added on ABC, ESPN, and ESPN2. In 2006, 28 of the 36 games were televised on the three networks.

The 2006 world championship game was to be the last telecast on ABC Sports before ESPN's complete takeover of the sports division and name change. However, the final was postponed one day because of rain and was shown by ESPN2.

In January 2007, it was announced that ESPN, ESPN2, and ABC had extended their contract with the Little League organization through 2014.[23] That year, every game of the LLWS was scheduled to be televised for the first time, with all but one game live on ESPN, ESPN2, or ABC. (The other game was to be available online at ESPN360, then shown on ESPN2 the next day.)[24] In addition, a number of games were to be shown in high-definition on ESPN, ESPN2, and ABC. The championship games in all other divisions, as well as the semifinals and finals of the Little League Softball World Series, was scheduled for either ESPN, ESPN2 or ESPNU.

In June 2011, it was announced that ESPN would add 17 games to its schedule on ESPN 3D.[25]

Coverage of the qualifying games has increased substantially in the US within the past decade: as of 2018, all regional group games (with the exception of the Southwest region) are available via subscription online through the ESPN+ platform, with the last three games of each regional tournament on an ESPN network. The aforementioned Southwest regional games are aired in full on the Longhorn Network (itself owned by ESPN). The increased level of participation, competition, and publicity of the Little League World Series in recent years has established a trend in the opposite direction of many other preteen sports.

Most LLWS games are broadcast live on local radio station WRAK 1400AM, which is owned by Clear Channel. The radio broadcasts are also streamed online at the LLWS page at littleleague.org.

Other divisions in Little League Baseball

Each of the other eleven divisions of Little League Baseball has its own World Series format (including three in boys' softball).

Division Location Years active Age of players Series
Little League Baseball South Williamsport, Pennsylvania 1947–present 11–12 years old Little League World Series
Little League Intermediate Division Livermore, California 2013–present 11–13 years old Intermediate Little League World Series
Junior League Baseball Taylor, Michigan 1981–present 13–14 years old Junior League World Series
Senior League Baseball Easley, South Carolina 1961–present 14–16 years old Senior League World Series
Big League Baseball Easley, South Carolina 1968–2016 16–18 years old Big League World Series
Little League Softball Portland, Oregon 1974–present 11–12 years old[26] Little League World Series (softball)
Junior League Softball Kirkland, Washington 1999–present 12–14 years old[26] Junior League World Series (softball)
Senior League Softball Sussex County, Delaware 1976–present 13–16 years old[26] Senior League World Series (softball)
Big League Softball Sussex County, Delaware 1982–2016 14–18 years old[26] Big League World Series (softball)

See also

References

  1. "Player Age Requirements". Little League World Series. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
  2. "World Series Player Age Requirements". Little League International. 2013-08-12. Retrieved 2013-08-18.
  3. World Series History Archived 2010-08-17 at the Wayback Machine.
  4. Chi, Samuel (August 15, 2013). "What Happened to Taiwan's Little League Champs?". The Diplomat.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 For an overview of Little League's tournament process, go to Japanese Regional Little League Tournament Historical Results and click on "LL Tournament Process Overview" (at the bottom of the left-hand margin), for "The Little League Baseball International Tournament." Unpage Publications. March 27, 2008. Retrieved on 2016-12-30.
  6. Little League Baseball State Champions Archived 2013-05-15 at the Wayback Machine. (1950–2007). Little League International. Retrieved 2009-11-24.
  7. Canadian Region Little League Tournament Historical Results. Unpage Publications. June 5, 2016. Retrieved on 2016-12-30.
  8. Little League EMEA Region. Eteamz.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-23.
  9. "Regions Realigned for 2013: Australia to Play in Little League Baseball World Series" (Press release). Little League Baseball. August 29, 2012. Archived from the original on September 23, 2012. Retrieved September 17, 2012.
  10. 1 2 3 See: Little League World Series (Far East Region) § 1975 Ban.
  11. Archived April 19, 2010, at the Wayback Machine.
  12. Communications Division (June 16, 2011). "2011 Little League Baseball World Series Schedule Announced". Little League. Archived from the original on June 20, 2011. Retrieved June 27, 2011.
  13. "2012 Little League Baseball World Series Schedule". Little League. Retrieved 25 August 2012.
  14. "Little Leaguers are set to play under the lights". Moscow-Pullman Daily News. (Idaho-Washington). Associated Press. August 24, 1992. p. 1C.
  15. Wuff, Steve (August 18, 2016). "As Williamsport opened its arms to Mexico's team, its players embraced the legacy of their predecessors from Monterrey". ESPN.com. Retrieved August 18, 2016.
  16. Archived May 1, 2009, at the Wayback Machine.
  17. Smith, Craig (August 21, 2010). "1982 Kirkland story retold". seattletimes.com. The Seattle Times. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
  18. "Little League authorities ban imports from playoffs". Free Lance-Star. (Fredericksburg, Virginia). Associated Press. November 12, 1974. p. 10.
  19. "Little League takes it back: foreigners can play". Lewiston Morning Tribune. (Idaho). Associated Press. December 31, 1975. p. 2B.
  20. See: Mexico in the Little League World Series.
  21. Taiwan, once dominant, to return to Little League. Associated Press Newswires, 25 April 2003, The Associated Press.
  22. "From Little League to the major leagues". From Little League to the major leagues. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  23. http://www.latimes.com/sports/custom/extras/la-spw-tvcol5jan05,1,6528696.column?page=2&coll=la-sports-extras. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  24. Archived October 30, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
  25. Communications Division (June 15, 2011). "ESPN 3D Adds Little League World Series Games to its Broadcast Schedule". Little League. Archived from the original on October 12, 2012. Retrieved June 28, 2011.
  26. 1 2 3 4 "Softball - Divisions of Play". Retrieved 31 August 2016.

Coordinates: 41°14′N 76°59′W / 41.23°N 76.98°W / 41.23; -76.98

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