Etodolac

Etodolac
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com Monograph
MedlinePlus a692015
Pregnancy
category
  • C
Routes of
administration		 oral
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
  • UK: POM (Prescription only)
  • US: ℞-only
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding 100%
Metabolism liver
Elimination half-life 7.3 ± 4.0 hours
Excretion renal
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ECHA InfoCard 100.157.848 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
Formula C17H21NO3
Molar mass 287.35 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point 145 to 148 °C (293 to 298 °F)
Solubility in water 3.92e-02 mg/mL [ALOGPS] mg/mL (20 °C)
  (verify)
Generic etodolac

Etodolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in January 1991.[1]

As of 2015 the cost for a typical month of medication in the United States is less than 25 USD.[2]

Medical uses

NSAIDs are used for the management of mild to moderate pain, fever, and inflammation. They work by reducing the levels of prostaglandins, which are chemicals that are responsible for pain and the fever and tenderness that occur with inflammation. Etodolac blocks the cyclooxygenase (abbrev. COX) enzymes which form prostanoids, resulting in lower concentrations of prostaglandins. As a consequence, inflammation, pain and fever are reduced.

Post-marketing studies demonstrated that etodolac inhibition of cyclooxygenase is somewhat COX-2 selective [3] similar to celecoxib and other "COX-2 inhibitors." Unlike rofecoxib, both etodolac and celecoxib can fully inhibit COX-1 and are designated as having "preferential selectivity" toward COX-2. The R-enantiomer of etodolac is inactive against COX enzymes, but inhibits beta-catenin levels in hepatoma cells.[4]

Indications

Etodolac is licensed for the treatment of inflammation and pain caused by osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.[5]

Interactions

Etodolac should be avoided by patients with a history of asthma attacks, hives, or other allergic reactions to aspirin or other NSAIDs. Rare but severe allergic reactions have been reported in such individuals. It also should be avoided by patients with peptic ulcer disease or poor kidney function, since this medication can worsen both conditions. Etodolac is used with caution in patients taking blood thinning medications (anticoagulants), such as warfarin (Coumadin), because it increases the risk of bleeding. Patients taking both lithium and etodolac may develop toxic blood lithium levels. Additionally, etodolac has been found to interact with certain anti-depressant medications, such as sertraline or fluoxetine, which can increase risks of stroke, heart attack, and other cardiovascular conditions. Patients also taking ciclosporin (Sandimmune) can develop kidney toxicity. Use in children has not been adequately studied. Etodolac is not habit-forming. NSAIDs should be discontinued prior to elective surgery because of a mild interference with clotting that is characteristic of this group of medicines. Etodolac is best discontinued at least four days in advance of surgery. Etodolac metabolites may also cause a false positive bilirubin result on a urinalysis test. [6]

Box, strip and tablet of etodolac (Lodine SR) 600mg

Pregnancy and nursing

Etodolac is generally avoided during pregnancy and nursing. NSAIDs may cause adverse cardiovascular effects in the fetus during pregnancy. [1]

Brand names

Etodolac is manufactured by Almirall Limited under the trade name Lodine SR[7] and by Meda Pharmaceuticals under the name Eccoxolac.[8] Generic etodolac is also available.[9]

The drug is also sold under several other brand names, including:

References

  1. 1 2 Omudhome Ogbru, PharmD. "etodolac, Lodine (Discontinued): Drug Facts, Side Effects and Dosing". MedicineNet.
  2. ↑ Hamilton, Richart (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 7. ISBN 9781284057560.
  3. ↑ Warner, TD; Giuliano, F; Vojnovic, I; Bukasa, A; Mitchell, JA; Vane, JR (22 June 1999). "Nonsteroid drug selectivities for cyclo-oxygenase-1 rather than cyclo-oxygenase-2 are associated with human gastrointestinal toxicity: a full in vitro analysis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 96 (13): 7563–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.13.7563. PMC 22126. PMID 10377455.
  4. ↑ Behari, J; Zeng, G; Otruba, W; Thompson, MD; Muller, P; Micsenyi, A; Sekhon, SS; Leoni, L; Monga, SP (2007). "R-Etodolac Decreases Beta-Catenin Levels Along with Survival and Proliferation of Hepatoma Cells". Journal of Hepatology. 46 (5): 849–57. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2006.11.017. PMC 1924913. PMID 17275129.
  5. ↑ BNF 55 - Etodolac
  6. ↑ Sho, Y.; Ishiodori, T.; Oketani, M.; Kubozono, O.; Nakamura, A.; Takeuchi, A.; Morino, A.; Arima, T. (July 1999). "Effects of urinary metabolites of etodolac on diagnostic tests of bilirubin in urine". Arzneimittel-Forschung. 49 (7): 572–576. doi:10.1055/s-0031-1300464. ISSN 0004-4172. PMID 10442203.
  7. ↑ "Lodine SR". medicines.org.uk.
  8. ↑ "Eccoxolac". medicines.org.uk.
  9. ↑ BNF 55: Etodolac preparations
  10. ↑ ":: Apsen ::". apsen.com.br.
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