Donald Trump judicial appointment controversies

President Donald Trump entered office with a significant number of judicial vacancies,[1] one of which included a Supreme Court vacancy due to the death of Antonin Scalia in February 2016. President Trump had made approximately 50 judicial nominations by September 15, 2017, which was a significantly higher number of judicial nominations than any other recent president had made by that point in their presidency.[2] As of December 16, 2017, four of President Trump's judicial nominees had been rated "Not Qualified" by a majority of the American Bar Association's Standing Committee on the Federal Judiciary,[3] of whom one has withdrawn,[4] and one has been confirmed.[5] President Trump's percentage of judicial nominees rated "Not Qualified" by a majority of the Standing Committee on the Federal Judiciary is higher than in the previous four presidential administrations.[6]

Supreme Court

  • Supreme Court of the United States
    • Neil Gorsuch (of Colorado): President Trump announced the nomination of Judge Gorsuch on January 31, 2017. The nomination was formally transmitted to the Senate on February 1, 2017.[7] Judge Gorsuch's confirmation hearings started on March 20, 2017, and lasted four days.[8][9] On April 3, the Judiciary Committee approved Judge Gorsuch by a vote of 11–9, a party-line vote.[10][11] During the last day of committee hearings, Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-NY) announced from the Senate floor that he would filibuster the nomination.[12] Democratic opposition focused primarily on the complaint that the vacancy on the court was created by the death of Justice Antonin Scalia during President Barack Obama's administration should have been filled by President Obama's nominee for the vacancy, Judge Merrick Garland.[13][14] In response, Republicans hearkened back to November 2013 when Democrats invoked the nuclear option to fill three vacancies on the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.[15] To counter the filibuster, Republicans invoked the nuclear option, ending debate with a simple majority vote and extending the rule that a simple majority could invoke cloture on all presidential nominations, including Supreme Court nominations.[16] The Senate confirmed Judge Gorsuch on April 7, 2017, by a vote of 54–45, with all Senate Republicans present voting to confirm along with three Democratic Senators from states that voted heavily for President Trump: Senators Joe Manchin (D-WV), Heidi Heitkamp (D-ND), and Joe Donnelly (D-IN).[17]
    • Brett Kavanaugh (of Maryland): President Trump announced the nomination of Judge Kavanaugh in July 2018. The nomination was formally transmitted to the Senate on July 10, 2010. The Senate confirmed Judge Kavanaugh on October 6, 2018, by a vote of 50-48. Except for Senator Lisa Murkowski (R-AK), all Senate Republicans voted to confirm Judge Kavanaugh. Murkowski announced her opposition to Judge Kavanaugh, but instead of voting no on confirmation, she voted present in order to pair her vote with Senator Steve Daines (R-MT) who was absent attending his daughter's wedding, allowing him to vote in favor of confirmation. Their vote pairing did not change the outcome of the vote. All Senate Democrats voted no on confirmation, except Joe Manchin (D-WV).[18]

Appellate nominees

Failed nominees

  • United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
    • Ryan Bounds (of Oregon): On September 7, 2017, President Trump nominated Bounds, a former Assistant U.S. Attorney, to serve as a United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, to the seat vacated by Judge Diarmuid O'Scannlain, who assumed senior status on December 31, 2016. A short time later, the state's two Democrat U.S. Senators, Ron Wyden and Jeff Merkley, announced that they would blue slip the nomination. They complained that the Trump Administration had bypassed a state bipartisan vetting commission and had not consulted them about the nomination. However, the White House Consel's office produced records stating that they had contacted the state's U.S. Senators on multiple occasions, but had gotten little response from them.[19] On January 3, 2018, his nomination was returned to the President under Rule XXXI, Paragraph 6 of the United States Senate.[20] On January 5, 2018, President Donald Trump announced his intent to renominate Bounds to a federal judgeship.[21] On January 8, 2018, his renomination was sent to the Senate.[22] In February 2018, the bipartisan committee cited by the two Senators found Bounds to be qualified.[23] However, the Senators subsequently questioned Bounds' fitness on the basis of some writings of his when he was a student at Stanford University in the 1990s.[24] On May 9, 2018, a hearing on his nomination was held before the Senate Judiciary Committee.[25] On June 7, 2018, his nomination was reported out of committee by an 11–10 party-line vote.[26] On July 18, 2018, the Senate voted 50–49 to invoke cloture on his nomination.[27] On July 19, 2018 Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell announced that Bounds' nomination would be withdrawn after Senator Tim Scott announced he could not support the nomination, therefore not having enough votes to confirm Bounds.[28][29] On July 24, 2018 his nomination was officially withdrawn.[30]

Successfully appointed nominees

  • United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
    • Kyle Duncan (of Louisiana): On September 28, 2017, President Donald Trump announced his intent to nominate Duncan to an undetermined seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit.[31] On October 2, 2017 he was officially nominated to serve as a United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, to the seat vacated by Judge W. Eugene Davis, who took senior status on December 31, 2016.[32] Duncan's judicial record was attacked by Democrats as being too conservative.[33][34] Republicans defended him, pointing out his academic and legal achievements and pointing out that he was rated "Well Qualified" by the American Bar Association. Republican Senator John Kennedy withheld his blue slip, calling into question his support for Duncan's nomination.[35] On November 29, 2017, a hearing was held on his nomination before the Senate Judiciary Committee.[32] On January 3, 2018, his nomination was returned to the President under Rule XXXI, Paragraph 6 of the United States Senate.[20] Kennedy was impressed by Duncan's testimony and announced his support the following day. On January 5, 2018 President Donald Trump announced his intent to renominate Duncan to a federal judgeship.[21] On January 8, 2018, his renomination was sent to the Senate.[22] On January 18, 2018, his nomination was reported out of committee by a party-line 11-10 vote.[36] On April 23, 2018, the Senate voted to invoke cloture on Duncan's nomination by a vote of 50–44.[37] On April 24, 2018, his nomination was confirmed by a vote of 50–47.[38]
  • United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
    • John K. Bush (of Kentucky): On May 8, 2017, President Donald Trump announced that he would nominate prominent Louisville lawyer Bush to the seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit vacated by Judge Danny Julian Boggs who took senior status on February 28, 2017.[39] On a questionnaire submitted to the committee, Bush acknowledged that between 2007 and 2016, he had pseudonymously authored approximately 400 blog posts on Elephants in the Bluegrass, a blog founded by his wife, Bridget.[40] His blog posts espoused conservative political views and expressed opposition to gay marriage, the Affordable Care Act, public financing of political campaigns, and the idea of trying terrorists in civilian courts.[41][42] Bush also compared abortion to slavery, calling the topics "the two greatest tragedies in our country."[42] When questioned about his blogging during his judicial nomination process, Bush said that "my personal views are irrelevant to the position for which I have been nominated" and that "Blogging is a political activity. It is not appropriate to bring politics to the bench."[43] On July 19, 2017, the Senate voted in favor of cloture by a vote of 51–48[44] and on July 20, 2017, the United States Senate voted 51–47 to confirm him,[45] both votes breaking along party lines.
  • United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
  • United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
    • L. Steven Grasz (of Nebraska): On August 3, 2017, President Donald Trump nominated Grasz to serve as a United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit, to the seat vacated by Judge William J. Riley, who assumed senior status on June 30, 2017.[50] In October 2017, the American Bar Association's Standing Committee on the Federal Judiciary, a nonpartisan entity which rates judicial nominees, unanimously voted to give Grasz a "not qualified" rating for the position.[55] Senator Ben Sasse (R-NE) criticized the ABA for their decision, defending Grasz and saying the ABA's rating was based on politics.[56] On December 7, 2017, his nomination was reported out of committee by a 11–9 vote.[57] On December 11, 2017, the Senate voted 48–47 to invoke cloture on his nomination.[58] On December 12, 2017, the full United States Senate voted 50–48 in favor of confirmation; the vote was along party lines with Senators John McCain and Thad Cochran abstaining from the vote.[5]
    • David Stras (of Minnesota): On May 8, 2017, President Donald Trump nominated Stras, an Associate Justice on the Minnesota Supreme Court, to a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit vacated by Judge Diana E. Murphy who took senior status on November 29, 2016.[59] The state's then-junior U.S. Senator, Amy Klobuchar, turned in her blue slip, but on September 5, 2017, Minnesota's then-senior U.S. Senator, Al Franken, announced that he would not return his blue slip for Stras. Franken stated that while he had nothing personally against Stras, the White House had not adequately consulted him about the nomination and added that he wanted to prevent the White House from achieving a "right wing" takeover of the Federal Judiciary.[60] On November 16, Franken was accused of making unwanted sexual advances to a talk show hostess,[61] and that was followed by other similar accusations from other women. On November 29, 2017, a hearing was held on Stras's nomination before the Senate Judiciary Committee.[32] On December 7, Franken announced that he would resign from the Senate effective January 2, 2018. He was replaced by Democrat Tina Smith. On January 3, 2018, Stras's nomination was returned to the President under Rule XXXI, Paragraph 6 of the United States Senate.[20] On January 5, 2018, President Donald Trump announced his intent to renominate Stras to a federal judgeship.[21] On January 8, 2018, his renomination was sent to the Senate.[22] Newly appointed Senator Tina Smith has not yet made a decision on whether to blue slip Stras, whom she met with in early January.[62] On January 18, 2018, his nomination was reported out of committee by a 13-8 vote, with Amy Klobuchar, voting in support. On January 30, 2018, his nomination was confirmed by the Senate by a vote of 56-42.[63]


District court nominees

Failed nominees

Stalled nominees

Article I court nominees

Failed nominees

  • United States Court of Federal Claims
    • Damien Schiff: on May 8, 2017, President Trump nominated Schiff, an attorney at the Pacific Legal Foundation, to serve as a United States Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims, to the seat vacated by Judge George W. Miller, who retired in 2014.[109] Schiff became controversial because of his lack of experience with the specific court. But he became the subject of negative publicity when it was revealed that he described U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice Anthony Kennedy as a "judicial prostitute" in a blog posting he wrote in 2007.[110] The Senate Judiciary Committee voted for him on an 11 to 9 party line vote. However, some Republican Senators implied that they would oppose him on the floor. On January 3, 2018, his nomination was returned to the President under Rule XXXI, Paragraph 6 of the United States Senate.[20] The White House did not renominate Schiff in 2018.[111] Trump later nominated Richard Hertling in Schiff's place.
    • Stephen S. Schwartz: on June 7, 2017, President Trump nominated Washington, D.C. lawyer Schwartz to serve as a United States Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims, to the seat vacated by Judge Lynn J. Bush who took senior status on October 21, 2013. On July 25, 2017, the Senate Judiciary Committee held a hearing on his nomination.[112] Democrats criticized the nomination, claiming that Schwartz did not have enough courtroom experience to serve as a judge. His nomination was reported out of committee by a vote of 11–9 on September 14, 2017.[113] On January 3, 2018, his nomination was returned to the President under Rule XXXI, Paragraph 6 of the United States Senate.[114] On January 8, 2018, the White House renominated 21 of 26 federal judicial nominees who had been returned by the U.S. Senate. Schwartz was not among the 21 individuals who were renominated.[111]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Vacancy Summary for January 2017".
  2. ↑ "'The dogma lives loudly within you': The battle over Trump's effort to remake the courts in his image is starting to heat up". Business Insider. Retrieved September 15, 2017.
  3. ↑ https://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/uncategorized/GAO/Web%20rating%20Chart%20Trump%20115.authcheckdam.pdf
  4. ↑ "Two Trump judge nominees out after criticism". Politico.
  5. 1 2 "Leonard Steven Grasz, Trump judicial pick rated as "not qualified," OK'd by Senate". CBS News.
  6. ↑ Smith, Allan (November 15, 2017). "Trump is bypassing judicial ratings agencies before making his nominations — and it has led to a substantial increase in 'not qualified' nominees". Business Insider. Retrieved December 16, 2017.
  7. ↑ "Congressional Record".
  8. ↑ Kim, Seung Min (February 16, 2017). "Gorsuch confirmation hearing set for March 20". Politico.
  9. ↑ "United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary". www.judiciary.senate.gov. Retrieved March 21, 2017.
  10. ↑ Flegenheimer, Matt (April 3, 2017). "Senate Judiciary Committee Approves Gorsuch in Party-Line Vote". The New York Times. Retrieved April 4, 2017.
  11. ↑ Berenson, Tessa (April 3, 2017). "Senate Judiciary Committee Just Approved Neil Gorsuch's Nomination". Time. Retrieved April 4, 2017.
  12. ↑ Matt Flegenheimer; Charlie Savage; Adam Liptak (March 24, 2017). "Democrats Plan to Filibuster to Thwart Gorsuch Nomination". The New York Times. p. A17. Retrieved April 8, 2017.
  13. ↑ "Trump's Supreme Court Nominee Is Going To Face An Angry, Partisan Senate Battle". NPR. March 30, 2016. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  14. ↑ Shear, Michael D.; Liptak, Adam (January 24, 2017). "A Supreme Court Pick Is Promised. A Political Brawl Is Certain". The New York Times. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  15. ↑ News, A. B. C. (April 6, 2017). "Senate OKs 'nuclear option,' clears path for high court nomination vote". ABC News.
  16. ↑ Killough, Ashley. "GOP triggers nuclear option on Neil Gorsuch nomination". CNN Politics. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
  17. ↑ Adam Liptak; Matt Flegenheimer (April 8, 2017). "Neil Gorsuch Confirmed by Senate as Supreme Court Justice". The New York Times. p. A1. Retrieved April 8, 2017.
  18. ↑ Sheryl Gay Stolberg (October 6, 2018). "Kavanaugh Is Sworn In After Close Confirmation Vote in Senate". The New York Times. p. A1. Retrieved October 7, 2018.
  19. ↑ "White House hits back at Oregon's senators over appeals court nomination".
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Congressional Record". www.congress.gov.
  21. 1 2 3 4 "President Donald J. Trump Announces Renomination of 21 Judicial Nominees".
  22. 1 2 3 4 "Nominations Sent to the Senate Today".
  23. ↑ http://media.oregonlive.com/portland_impact/other/Signed%20Judicial%20Candidates%20Letter.pdf
  24. ↑ "Oregon's U.S. senators say federal prosecutor Ryan Bounds unsuitable for 9th Circuit vacancy".
  25. ↑ United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary: Nominations for May 9, 2018
  26. ↑ Results of Executive Business Meeting – June 7, 2018, Senate Judiciary Committee
  27. ↑ "U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 115th Congress - 2nd Session". www.senate.gov. Retrieved 2018-07-19.
  28. ↑ "White House withdraws judicial nominee Ryan Bounds, after GOP realizes he didn't have votes for confirmation". Washington Post. Retrieved 2018-07-19.
  29. ↑ Bendery, Jennifer (2018-07-19). "Republican Tim Scott Tanks One Of Trump's Judicial Nominees". Huffington Post. Retrieved 2018-07-19.
  30. ↑ "Two Nominations and One Withdrawal Sent to the Senate Today". The White House. Retrieved 2018-07-24.
  31. ↑
  32. 1 2 3 "United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary". www.judiciary.senate.gov.
  33. ↑ Stole, Bryn (April 19, 2018). "Why judicial nominees Wendy Vitter, Kyle Duncan in liberal groups' cross-hairs". The Advocate. Retrieved May 11, 2018.
  34. ↑ Thompson, Laverne (February 8, 2018). "Kyle Duncan Is Unfit to Be a Judge". The New York Times. Retrieved May 11, 2018.
  35. ↑ Stole, Bryn (November 14, 2017). "Sen. John Kennedy keeping mum on nomination of conservative Kyle Duncan to 5th Circuit judgeship". The Advocate. Retrieved May 11, 2018.
  36. ↑ https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Results%20of%20Executive%20Business%20Meeting%2001-18-181.pdf
  37. ↑ "U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 115th Congress – 2nd Session". United States Senate.
  38. ↑ "U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 115th Congress – 2nd Session". United States Senate.
  39. ↑ Liptak, Adam (May 7, 2017). "Trump to Announce Slate of Conservative Federal Court Nominees". The New York Times.
  40. ↑ Wolfson, Andrew (May 24, 2017). "Using pen name, judicial nominee wrote slavery and abortion are our 'greatest tragedies'". The Courier-Journal. Retrieved August 8, 2017.
  41. ↑ Tillman, Zoe (May 19, 2017). "One Of Trump's Judicial Nominees Blogged Under A Pen Name That Ted Cruz Was A "Sore Loser"". BuzzFeed. Retrieved August 8, 2017.
  42. 1 2 Wolfson, Andrew (June 28, 2017). "Trump's judicial nominee from Louisville ducks questions about his controversial blog posts". The Courier-Journal. Retrieved August 8, 2017.
  43. ↑ "Senators Grill Trump Judicial Nominees On Provocative Blog Posts". NPR.org.
  44. ↑ "U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 115th Congress - 1st Session". www.senate.gov.
  45. ↑ "U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 115th Congress - 1st Session". www.senate.gov.
  46. ↑ "Trump Names 10 Conservatives It Plans to Nominate to Federal Courts". Chicago Tribune. May 8, 2017. Retrieved September 29, 2017.
  47. ↑ Freking, Kevin (October 6, 2017). "Committee Recommends Notre Dame Professor Amy Coney Barrett for U.S. Judicial Bench". South Bend Tribune. Associated Press. Retrieved October 7, 2017.
  48. ↑ "U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 115th Congress - 1st Session". www.senate.gov.
  49. ↑ Bendery, Jennifer (October 31, 2017). "Senate Confirms Judicial Nominee Who Questioned Roe v. Wade Decision". HuffPost. Retrieved November 16, 2017.
  50. 1 2 "Eighteen Nominations Sent to the Senate Today". The White House.
  51. ↑ Marley, Patrick (August 4, 2017). "Baldwin: Trump ignored bipartisan panel by nominating Gov. Scott Walker ally to 7th Circuit Court of Appeals". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  52. ↑ "Judiciary Committee Approves Brennan for Seventh Circuit Seat, Next Step Senate Vote". WisBar.
  53. ↑ U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 115th Congress - 2nd Session United States Senate Vote Summary: Vote Number 88, United States Senate, May 9, 2018
  54. ↑ "U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 115th Congress - 1st Session". www.senate.gov.
  55. ↑ Min Kim, Seung (October 30, 2017). "ABA deems another Trump judicial nominee 'not qualified'". Politico. Retrieved October 30, 2017.
  56. ↑ "Sasse Slams Bar Association for Calling Trump Judicial Nominee 'Not Qualified'". Free Beacon.
  57. ↑ "Results of Executive Business Meeting – December 7, 2017, Senate Judiciary Committee" (PDF).
  58. ↑ "U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 115th Congress – 1st Session". www.senate.gov.
  59. ↑ Adler, Jonathan H. (May 7, 2017). "Opinion - Here come Trump's judges: President to put forward more strong judicial nominees". The Washington Post.
  60. ↑ "Franken opposes Trump judicial nominee, setting up procedural clash". Politico.
  61. ↑ "American Model Leeann Tweeden Married Life With Husband Chris Dougherty, Children?".
  62. ↑ "Stras clears Senate committee vote on federal appeals court nomination". StarTribune. January 18, 2018.
  63. ↑ "Tuesday, January 30, 2018 - www.dailypress.senate.gov". www.dailypress.senate.gov.
  64. ↑ Johnson, Carrie (December 13, 2017). "White House: Nomination of Alabama Lawyer Brett Talley 'Will Not Be Moving Forward'". NPR. Retrieved December 13, 2017.
  65. ↑ Apuzzo, Matt; Schmidt, Michael S. (November 13, 2017). "Trump Judicial Pick Did Not Disclose He Is Married to a White House Lawyer". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved November 13, 2017.
  66. 1 2 Savage, David (December 13, 2017). "Embattled Trump judicial nominee Brett Talley withdraws". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved December 14, 2017.
  67. ↑ "Eight Nominations Sent to the Senate Today". whitehouse.gov. September 7, 2017. Retrieved September 8, 2017.
  68. 1 2 Cobler, Nicole; Gillman, Todd J. (December 12, 2017). "No judgeship for 'Satan's plan' Texan, as White House drops Jeff Mateer nomination". The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved December 15, 2017.
  69. ↑ Diaz, Kevin (September 28, 2017). "Cornyn has doubts about nominee who said transgender rights were 'Satan's plan'". San Antonio Express-News.
  70. ↑ Nicole Cobler (September 28, 2017). "Cruz stands by Trump court pick who sees 'Satan's plan' in transgender kids; Cornyn undecided". Dallas News.
  71. ↑ "President Donald J. Trump Announces Seventh Wave of Judicial Candidates". The White House.
  72. ↑ Bendery, Jennifer (December 18, 2017). "Trump Judicial Nominee Drops Out After Embarrassing Hearing". HuffPost.
  73. ↑ Blake, Aaron (December 15, 2017). "Analysis | That painful exchange between a Trump judicial pick and a GOP senator, annotated". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved December 15, 2017.
  74. ↑ Bowden, John (December 14, 2017). "Dem senator bashes Trump judicial nominee over hearing testimony: 'Hoo-boy'". The Hill.
  75. 1 2 Bromwich, Jonah Engel; Chokshi, Niraj (December 15, 2017). "Trump Judicial Nominee Attracts Scorn After Flopping in Hearing". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 15, 2017.
  76. 1 2 Hawkins, Derek (December 15, 2017). "Trump judicial nominee fumbles basic questions about the law". The Washington Post.
  77. ↑ Merica, Dan (December 18, 2017). "Trump judicial nominee Matthew Petersen withdraws after viral hearing video". CNN. Retrieved December 18, 2017.
  78. ↑ Lejeune, Tristan (December 18, 2017). "Trump judicial nominee withdraws after humiliating hearing". The Hill.
  79. ↑ "United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary". www.judiciary.senate.gov.
  80. ↑ "Results of Executive Business Meeting – February 8, 2018, Senate Judiciary Committee" (PDF).
  81. ↑ Swoyer, Alex (February 8, 2018). "Republicans clear judicial nominee over accusations of anti-LGBT bias". Washington Times. Retrieved 10 February 2018.
  82. ↑ ""Executive Calendar: Wednesday, March 7, 2018, "Notice of Intent to Object", United States Senate" (PDF).
  83. ↑ ""Ten Nominations Sent to the Senate Today" White House, July 13, 2017". Archived from the original on July 14, 2017.
  84. ↑ "United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary". www.judiciary.senate.gov.
  85. ↑ "Results of Executive Business Meeting – October 19, 2017, Senate Judiciary Committee" (PDF).
  86. 1 2 "President Donald J. Trump Announces Renomination of 21 Judicial Nominees".
  87. 1 2 "Nominations Sent to the Senate Today".
  88. 1 2 "Results of Executive Business Meeting – January 18, 2018, Senate Judiciary Committee" (PDF).
  89. ↑ "Trump pick for NC judge accused of 'hostile record on African-American voting rights and workers' rights'". charlotteobserver. Retrieved October 19, 2017.
  90. ↑ Press, Associated. "Judicial Nominee: I'll Follow North Carolina Voter ID Ruling". Retrieved October 19, 2017.
  91. ↑ "" Ten Nominations Sent to the Senate Today" White House, July 13, 2017".
  92. ↑ Joel Ebert, Sen. Mark Norris being vetted for appointment to federal judgeship, USA Today Network (June 12, 2017).
  93. ↑ Otis Sanford, Mark Norris has steep trek to Tennessee governorship, Commercial Appeal (January 14, 2017).
  94. ↑ Andy Sher, Trump nominates Tennessee Senate Majority Leader Norris for federal judgeship, Times Free Press (July 13, 2017).
  95. ↑ Shira A. Scheindlin, Trump's Crazy Choices for the Courts, New York Times (November 9, 2017).
  96. ↑ "Nominations - United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary". www.judiciary.senate.gov.
  97. ↑ Michael Collins, Judicial nominee Mark Norris tells Senate panel that gay marriage is settled law, USA Today Network (November 1, 2017).
  98. ↑ "Results of Executive Business Meeting – December 7, 2017, Senate Judiciary Committee" (PDF).
  99. ↑ Buie, Jordan (January 10, 2018). "Sen. Mark Norris says judgeship is uncertain, will remain in legislature until confirmed". The Tennesseean. USA Todday. Retrieved 8 March 2018.
  100. ↑ {{https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=115&session=2&vote=00237}}
  101. ↑ Tillman, Zoe. "One Of Trump's Judicial Nominees Once Wrote That Diversity Is "Code For Relaxed Standards"". BuzzFeed.
  102. ↑ Glauber, Bill; Bice, Daniel (March 1, 2018). "Trump nominee Gordon Giampietro releases application in response to critics of his views". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved 9 March 2018.
  103. ↑ "Catholic bishops ask Tammy Baldwin not to block judicial nomination of Gordon Giampietro". jsonline.com. February 27, 2018.
  104. ↑ "President Donald J. Trump Announces Fifth Wave of Judicial Candidates" White House, July 13, 2017
  105. ↑ "Four Nominations Sent to the Senate Today".
  106. ↑ "Nominations - United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary". www.judiciary.senate.gov.
  107. ↑ Totenberg, Nina (April 11, 2018). "Wendy Vitter, Wife Of 'D.C. Madam' Senator, Faces Thorny Hearing To Be Federal Judge". NPR. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
  108. ↑ Totenberg, Nina (April 11, 2018). "Judicial Nominee Wendy Vitter Gets Tough Questions On Birth Control And Abortion". National Public Radio. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
  109. ↑ "Nominations". Congressional Record. May 8, 2017.
  110. ↑ Kim, Seung Min (May 26, 2017). "Trump nominee called Kennedy 'judicial prostitute'". Politico.
  111. 1 2 Dupree, Jamie (January 5, 2018). "Trump renominates two Georgians for federal judgeships". WSB (AM). Cox Media Group. Retrieved January 5, 2018.
  112. ↑ "United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary". www.judiciary.senate.gov.
  113. ↑ "Results of Executive Business Meeting – September 14, 2017" (PDF).
  114. ↑ "Daily Digest". Congressional Record. January 3, 2018.

Notes

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