Blood type distribution by country
ABO and distribution by country
| Country | Population[1] | O+ | A+ | B+ | AB+ | O− | A− | B− | AB− |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
44,270,440 | 45.4% | 34.26% | 8.59% | 2.64% | 8.4% | 0.44% | 0.21% | 0.06% |
 |
2,931,568 | 29.0% | 46.3% | 12.0% | 5.6% | 2.0% | 3.7% | 1.0% | 0.4% |
 |
24,642,693 | 40.0% | 31.0% | 8.0% | 2.0% | 9.0% | 7.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% |
 |
8,592,470 | 30.0% | 37.0% | 12.0% | 5.0% | 6.0% | 7.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% |
 |
1,418,695 | 48.48% | 19.35% | 22.61% | 3.67% | 3.27% | 1.33% | 1.04% | 0.25% |
 |
164,833,667 | 31.18% | 21.44% | 34.58% | 8.85% | 1.39% | 0.96% | 0.96% | 0.64% |
.svg.png){kind=small} |
11,444,053 | 38.0% | 34.0% | 8.6% | 4.1% | 7.0% | 6.0% | 1.5% | 0.8% |
 |
11,053,376 | 51.53% | 29.45% | 10.11% | 1.15% | 4.39% | 2.73% | 0.54% | 0.1% |
 |
3,792,730 | 31.0% | 36.0% | 12.0% | 6.0% | 5.0% | 7.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% |
 |
211,248,418 | 36.0% | 34.0% | 8.0% | 2.5% | 9.0% | 8.0% | 2.0% | 0.5% |
 |
7,045,097 | 28.0% | 37.0% | 13.0% | 7.0% | 5.0% | 7.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% |
 |
16,077,172 | 46.7% | 27.2% | 18.5% | 4.9% | 1.3% | 0.8% | 0.5% | 0.1% |
 |
24,515,533 | 42.8% | 38.8% | 12.0% | 3.3% | 1.4% | 1.2% | 0.4% | 0.1% |
 |
36,627,140 | 39.0% | 36.0% | 7.6% | 2.5% | 7.0% | 6.0% | 1.4% | 0.5% |
 |
18,314,060 | 85.5% | 8.7% | 3.35% | 1.0% | 1.2% | 0.1% | 0.05% | 0.1% |
 |
1,388,251,023 | 47.7% | 27.8% | 18.9% | 5.0% | 0.28% | 0.19% | 0.1% | 0.03% |
 |
49,069,267 | 61.3% | 26.11% | 2.28% | 1.47% | 5.13% | 2.7% | 0.7% | 0.31% |
 |
23,869,656 | 46.5% | 22.5% | 22.5% | 4.3% | 2.0% | 1.0% | 1.0% | 0.2% |
 |
4,207,355 | 29.0% | 36.0% | 15.0% | 5.0% | 5.0% | 6.0% | 3.0% | 1.0% |
 |
11,486,750 | 45.8% | 33.5% | 10.2% | 2.9% | 3.6% | 2.8% | 1.0% | 0.2% |
 |
1,189,395 | 35.22% | 40.35% | 11.11% | 4.72% | 3.85% | 3.48% | 0.87% | 0.40% |
 |
10,555,152 | 27.0% | 36.0% | 15.0% | 7.0% | 5.0% | 6.0% | 3.0% | 1.0% |
 |
5,711,902 | 35.0% | 37.0% | 8.0% | 4.0% | 6.0% | 7.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% |
 |
10,766,932 | 46.2% | 26.4% | 16.9% | 3.1% | 3.7% | 2.1% | 1.4% | 0.2% |
 |
16,665,756 | 75.0% | 14.0% | 7.1% | 0.5% | 2.38% | 0.7% | 0.3% | 0.02% |
 |
95,220,838 | 52.0% | 24.0% | 12.4% | 3.8% | 5.0% | 2.0% | 0.6% | 0.2% |
 |
6,171,483 | 62.0% | 23.0% | 11.0% | 1.0% | 1.0% | 1.0% | 0.7% | 0.3% |
 |
1,305,745 | 29.5% | 30.8% | 20.7% | 6.3% | 4.3% | 4.5% | 3.0% | 0.9% |
 |
104,352,727 | 39.0% | 28.0% | 21.0% | 5.0% | 3.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% | 1.0% |
 |
912,208 | 43.0% | 33.3% | 16.5% | 4.8% | 1.0% | 0.7% | 0.5% | 0.2% |
 |
5,541,328 | 28.0% | 35.0% | 16.0% | 7.0% | 5.0% | 6.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% |
 |
64,939,560 | 36.0% | 37.0% | 9.0% | 3.0% | 6.0% | 7.0% | 1.0% | 1.0% |
 |
80,635,980 | 35.0% | 37.0% | 9.0% | 4.0% | 6.0% | 6.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% |
 |
10,892,849 | 37.4% | 32.9% | 11.0% | 3.7% | 7.0% | 5.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% |
 |
13,291,741 | 46.88% | 21.64% | 22.86% | 4.52% | 2.0% | 0.9% | 1.0% | 0.2% |
 |
9,348,898 | 57.5% | 27.0% | 7.8% | 2.5% | 2.7% | 1.7% | 0.6% | 0.2% |
 |
7,402,115 | 41.5% | 26.13% | 25.34% | 6.35% | 0.32% | 0.17% | 0.14% | 0.05% |
 |
9,787,801 | 27.0% | 33.0% | 16.0% | 8.0% | 5.0% | 7.0% | 3.0% | 1.0% |
 |
334,311 | 47.6% | 26.4% | 9.3% | 1.6% | 8.4% | 4.6% | 1.7% | 0.4% |
 |
1,342,561,902 | 27.85% | 20.8% | 38.14% | 8.93% | 1.43% | 0.57% | 1.79% | 0.49% |
 |
263,519,317 | 36.82% | 25.87% | 28.85% | 7.96% | 0.18% | 0.13% | 0.15% | 0.04% |
 |
80,982,137 | 33.5% | 27.0% | 22.2% | 7.0% | 4.0% | 3.0% | 2.5% | 0.8% |
 |
38,657,787 | 32.1% | 25.0% | 25.6% | 7.4% | 3.6% | 2.7% | 2.7% | 0.9% |
 |
4,749,263 | 47.0% | 26.0% | 9.0% | 2.0% | 8.0% | 5.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% |
 |
8,323,659 | 32.0% | 34.0% | 17.0% | 7.0% | 3.0% | 4.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% |
 |
59,797,969 | 39.0% | 36.0% | 7.5% | 2.5% | 7.0% | 6.0% | 1.5% | 0.5% |
 |
2,813,316 | 47.0% | 23.0% | 20.0% | 3.0% | 3.5% | 2.0% | 1.0% | 0.5% |
 |
126,044,340 | 29.9% | 39.8% | 19.9% | 9.9% | 0.15% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.05% |
 |
18,431,447 | 30.7% | 29.8% | 24.2% | 8.3% | 2.3% | 2.2% | 1.8% | 0.7% |
 |
48,470,780 | 45.6% | 25.2% | 21.28% | 4.2% | 1.8% | 1.0% | 0.9% | 0.02% |
 |
1,944,122 | 30.6% | 31.0% | 17.0% | 6.0% | 5.4% | 6.0% | 3.0% | 1.0% |
 |
6,039,438 | 38.4% | 32.3% | 9.5% | 3.2% | 7.7% | 6.5% | 1.7% | 0.7% |
 |
6,408,990 | 42.64% | 28.86% | 11.19% | 4.5% | 6.26% | 4.24% | 1.64% | 0.67% |
 |
38,140 | 34.0% | 37.0% | 10.0% | 4.0% | 6.0% | 6.5% | 1.8% | 0.7% |
 |
2,827,573 | 36.0% | 33.0% | 11.0% | 4.0% | 7.0% | 6.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% |
 |
587,297 | 35.0% | 37.0% | 9.0% | 4.0% | 6.0% | 6.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% |
 |
606,413 | 41.5% | 26.1% | 25.4% | 6.3% | 0.33% | 0.17% | 0.15% | 0.05% |
 |
2,083,690 | 30.0% | 34.0% | 15.0% | 6.0% | 5.0% | 6.0% | 3.0% | 1.0% |
 |
31,165,480 | 34.32% | 30.35% | 27.37% | 7.46% | 0.17% | 0.15% | 0.14% | 0.04% |
 |
4,266,765 | 46.3% | 26.68% | 17.47% | 3.85% | 2.8% | 1.6% | 1.1% | 0.2% |
 |
1,267,303 | 38.3% | 26.0% | 25.0% | 6.7% | 1.7% | 1.0% | 1.0% | 0.3% |
 |
130,227,836 | 59.26% | 26.08% | 8.53% | 1.71% | 2.56% | 1.35% | 0.40% | 0.10% |
 |
3,052,044 | 55.4% | 27.7% | 10.9% | 4.96% | 0.6% | 0.3% | 0.1% | 0.04% |
 |
53,507,932 | 35.7% | 23.8% | 32.7% | 6.95% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.05% |
 |
29,188,100 | 35.2% | 28.3% | 27.1% | 8.6% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.1% |
 |
17,033,012 | 39.5% | 35.0% | 6.7% | 2.5% | 7.5% | 7.0% | 1.3% | 0.5% |
 |
4,604,996 | 38.0% | 32.0% | 9.0% | 3.0% | 9.0% | 6.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% |
 |
191,851,411 | 51.3% | 22.4% | 20.7% | 2.6% | 1.6% | 0.7% | 0.6% | 0.1% |
 |
25,432,033 | 27.15% | 31.08% | 30.15% | 11.32% | 0.08% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.03% |
 |
5,330,986 | 33.0% | 41.5% | 6.8% | 3.4% | 6.0% | 7.5% | 1.2% | 0.6% |
 |
180,440,005 | 24.63% | 20.6% | 34.40% | 9.52% | 4.17% | 2.66% | 3.57% | 0.45% |
 |
7,952,511 | 48.0% | 37.2% | 9.6% | 2.8% | 1.0% | 0.8% | 0.4% | 0.2% |
 |
32,167,717 | 70.0% | 18.4% | 7.8% | 1.6% | 1.4% | 0.5% | 0.28% | 0.02% |
 |
103,801,747 | 45.9% | 22.9% | 24.9% | 5.97% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.03% |
 |
38,563,480 | 31.0% | 32.0% | 15.0% | 7.0% | 6.0% | 6.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% |
 |
10,264,672 | 36.3% | 40.0% | 6.6% | 2.9% | 6.0% | 6.6% | 1.1% | 0.5% |
 |
4,043,722 | 28.5% | 31.8% | 17.6% | 7.0% | 5.0% | 6.0% | 3.0% | 1.1% |
 |
19,237,087 | 28.0% | 36.5% | 13.6% | 6.8% | 5.0% | 6.5% | 2.4% | 1.2% |
 |
143,374,801 | 28.0% | 30.0% | 20.0% | 7.0% | 4.9% | 5.8% | 3.2% | 1.1% |
 |
32,744,532 | 47.8% | 23.9% | 17.0% | 4.0% | 4.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% | 0.3% |
 |
8,776,827 | 31.92% | 35.28% | 12.6% | 4.2% | 6.08% | 6.72% | 2.4% | 0.8% |
 |
5,784,819 | 43.6% | 23.9% | 24.4% | 6.0% | 0.9% | 0.7% | 0.4% | 0.1% |
 |
5,432,265 | 27.2% | 35.7% | 15.3% | 6.8% | 4.8% | 6.3% | 2.7% | 1.2% |
 |
2,071,258 | 31.0% | 33.0% | 12.0% | 6.0% | 7.0% | 7.0% | 3.0% | 1.0% |
 |
55,437,815 | 39.0% | 32.0% | 12.0% | 3.0% | 6.0% | 5.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% |
 |
50,748,307 | 27.9% | 33.87% | 26.92% | 10.98% | 0.1% | 0.13% | 0.08% | 0.02% |
 |
46,070,163 | 36.0% | 34.0% | 8.0% | 2.5% | 9.0% | 8.0% | 2.0% | 0.5% |
 |
40,827,975 | 48.0% | 27.7% | 15.2% | 2.8% | 3.5% | 1.8% | 0.8% | 0.2% |
 |
9,920,843 | 32.0% | 37.0% | 10.0% | 5.0% | 6.0% | 7.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% |
 |
8,454,321 | 35.0% | 40.0% | 7.0% | 3.0% | 6.0% | 7.0% | 1.0% | 1.0% |
 |
18,920,698 | 43.0% | 30.0% | 14.0% | 3.7% | 5.0% | 3.0% | 1.0% | 0.3% |
 |
23,234,936 | 43.9% | 25.9% | 23.9% | 6.0% | 0.17% | 0.1% | 0.01% | 0.02% |
 |
68,298,027 | 40.8% | 16.9% | 36.8% | 4.97% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.03% |
 |
80,420,065 | 29.8% | 37.8% | 14.2% | 7.2% | 3.9% | 4.7% | 1.6% | 0.8% |
 |
43,276,492 | 43.7% | 39.0% | 10.7% | 3.9% | 1.3% | 1.0% | 0.3% | 0.1% |
 |
44,404,078 | 32.0% | 34.0% | 15.0% | 5.0% | 5.0% | 6.0% | 2.0% | 1.0% |
 |
3,398,017 | 44.1% | 21.9% | 20.9% | 4.3% | 4.3% | 2.1% | 2.0% | 0.4% |
 |
65,512,375 | 40.0% | 36.0% | 7.0% | 2.5% | 7.0% | 6.0% | 1.0% | 0.5% |
 |
326,481,533 | 37.4% | 35.7% | 8.5% | 3.4% | 6.6% | 6.3% | 1.5% | 0.6% |
 |
32,011,082 | 58.3% | 28.2% | 5.6% | 1.9% | 3.7% | 1.8% | 0.4% | 0.1% |
 |
95,414,640 | 41.7% | 21.9% | 30.8% | 4.98% | 0.3% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.02% |
 |
16,642,880 | 63.3% | 18.5% | 14.6% | 0.99% | 1.7% | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.01% |
| World | 6,635,281,257 | 38.67% | 27.42% | 22.02% | 5.88% | 2.55% | 1.99% | 1.11% | 0.36% |
50.0% and above 40.0–49.9% 30.0–39.9% 20.0–29.9% 10.0–19.9% 5.0–9.9%
| Ethnic distribution of ABO (without Rh) blood types[40] (This table has more entries than the table above but does not distinguish between Rh types.) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| People group | O (%) | A (%) | B (%) | AB (%) |
| Aboriginal people | 61 | 39 | 0 | 0 |
| Abyssinians | 43 | 27 | 25 | 5 |
| Ainu (Japan) | 17 | 32 | 32 | 18 |
| Albanians | 38 | 43 | 13 | 6 |
| Grand Andamanese | 9 | 60 | 23 | 9 |
| Arabs | 34 | 31 | 29 | 6 |
| Armenians | 31 | 50 | 13 | 6 |
| Asian Americans | 40 | 28 | 27 | 5 |
| Austrians | 36 | 44 | 13 | 6 |
| Bantus | 46 | 30 | 19 | 5 |
| Basques | 51 | 44 | 4 | 1 |
| Belgians | 47 | 42 | 8 | 3 |
| Bororo (Brazil) | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Brazilians | 47 | 41 | 9 | 3 |
| Bulgarians | 32 | 44 | 15 | 8 |
| Burmese | 36 | 24 | 33 | 7 |
| Buryats (Siberia) | 33 | 21 | 38 | 8 |
| Bushmen | 56 | 34 | 9 | 2 |
| Chinese-Canton | 46 | 23 | 25 | 6 |
| Chinese-Peking | 29 | 27 | 32 | 13 |
| Chuvash | 30 | 29 | 33 | 7 |
| Croats | 42 | 34 | 17 | 7 |
| Czechs | 30 | 44 | 18 | 9 |
| Danes | 41 | 44 | 11 | 4 |
| Dutch | 45 | 43 | 9 | 3 |
| Egyptians | 33 | 36 | 24 | 8 |
| English | 47 | 42 | 9 | 3 |
| Inuit (Alaska) | 38 | 44 | 13 | 5 |
| Inuit (Greenland) | 54 | 36 | 23 | 8 |
| Estonians | 34 | 36 | 23 | 8 |
| Fijians | 44 | 34 | 17 | 6 |
| Finns | 34 | 41 | 18 | 7 |
| French | 43 | 47 | 7 | 3 |
| Georgians | 46 | 37 | 12 | 4 |
| Germans | 41 | 43 | 11 | 5 |
| Greeks | 40 | 42 | 14 | 5 |
| Romani people (Hungary) | 29 | 27 | 35 | 10 |
| Hawaiians | 37 | 61 | 2 | 1 |
| Hindus (Bombay) | 29 | 25 | 35 | 11 |
| Hungarians | 36 | 43 | 16 | 5 |
| Icelanders | 56 | 32 | 10 | 3 |
| Indians (India) | 29 | 21 | 40 | 9 |
| Native Americans | 79 | 16 | 4 | 1 |
| Irish | 52 | 35 | 10 | 3 |
| Italians (Milan) | 46 | 41 | 11 | 3 |
| Japanese | 30 | 38 | 22 | 10 |
| Jews (Germany) | 42 | 41 | 12 | 5 |
| Jews (Poland) | 33 | 41 | 18 | 8 |
| Kalmuks | 26 | 23 | 41 | 11 |
| Kikuyu (Kenya) | 60 | 19 | 20 | 1 |
| Koreans | 28 | 32 | 31 | 10 |
| Sami people | 29 | 63 | 4 | 4 |
| Latvians | 32 | 37 | 24 | 7 |
| Lithuanians | 40 | 34 | 20 | 6 |
| Malays | 62 | 18 | 20 | 0 |
| Māori | 46 | 54 | 1 | 0 |
| Mayans | 98 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Moros | 64 | 16 | 20 | 0 |
| Navajo Indians | 73 | 27 | 0 | 0 |
| Nicobarese | 74 | 9 | 15 | 1 |
| Norwegians | 39 | 50 | 8 | 4 |
| Papuans (New Guinea) | 41 | 27 | 23 | 9 |
| Persians | 38 | 33 | 22 | 7 |
| Peruvian Indians | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Filipinos | 45 | 22 | 27 | 6 |
| Poles | 33 | 39 | 20 | 9 |
| Portuguese | 35 | 53 | 8 | 4 |
| Romanians | 33 | 43 | 16 | 8 |
| Russians | 33 | 36 | 23 | 8 |
| Sardinians | 50 | 26 | 19 | 5 |
| Scots | 51 | 34 | 12 | 3 |
| Serbians | 38 | 42 | 16 | 5 |
| Shompen Nicobarese | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Slovaks | 42 | 37 | 16 | 5 |
| South Africans | 45 | 40 | 11 | 4 |
| Spanish | 38 | 47 | 10 | 5 |
| Sudanese | 62 | 16 | 21 | 0 |
| Swedish | 38 | 47 | 10 | 5 |
| Swiss | 40 | 50 | 7 | 3 |
| Tatars | 28 | 30 | 29 | 13 |
| Thais | 37 | 22 | 33 | 8 |
| Turks | 43 | 34 | 18 | 6 |
| Ukrainians | 37 | 40 | 18 | 6 |
| Black Americans | 49 | 27 | 20 | 4 |
| White Americans | 45 | 40 | 11 | 4 |
| Vietnamese | 42 | 22 | 30 | 5 |
| Mean | 43.91 | 34.80 | 16.55 | 5.14 |
| Standard deviation | 16.87 | 13.80 | 9.97 | 3.41 |
Blood group B has its highest frequency in South Asia where it ranks first as the largest share of the earth's population. In Southeast Asia the share of the population is high, especially in Thailand and Indonesia, then in East Asia, Northern Asia and neighboring Central Asia, and its incidence diminishes both towards the east and the west, falling to single digit percentages in Netherlands, Norway, Portugal and Switzerland.[41][42] It is believed to have been entirely absent from Native American and Australian Aboriginal populations prior to the arrival of Europeans in those areas.[42][43]
Blood group A is associated with high frequencies in Europe, especially in Scandinavia and Central Europe, although its highest frequencies occur in some Australian Aboriginal populations and the Blackfoot Indians of Montana, the US.[44][45]
Maps of allele ABO among native populations
Map of allele A
among native populations
Map of allele B
among native populations
Map of allele O
among native populations
References
- ↑ CIA World Factbook
- ↑ "Study of Blood Immunogenetical Markers in Armenian Population" (PDF). 1989.
- ↑ Blood Types - What Are They?, Australian Red Cross
- ↑ "Austrian Red Cross - Blood Donor Information". Old.roteskreuz.at. 2006-03-21. Retrieved 2010-11-19.
- ↑ "Rode Kruis Wielsbeke - Blood Donor information material". Rodekruiswielsbeke.be. Archived from the original on 26 November 2010. Retrieved 2010-11-19.
- ↑ Tipos Sanguíneos Archived 9 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ Canadian Blood Services - Société canadienne du sang. "Types & Rh System, Canadian Blood Services". Retrieved 2010-11-19.
- ↑ - ΚENTΡΟ ΑΙΜΑΤΟΣ
- ↑ Czech Red Cross. "Podíl krevních skupin v populaci České republiky". Archived from the original on 24 June 2009. Retrieved 2011-03-18.
- ↑ Frequency of major blood groups in the Danish population.
- ↑ "¿Por qué donar Sangre? ¡Para Salvar Vidas!" [Why donate blood? to save lives!]. Cruz Roja Salvadoreña (in Spanish). Retrieved 2017-11-23.
- ↑ "Veregruppidest" [Blood groups]. verekeskus.ee (in Estonian). Retrieved 2017-11-23.
- ↑ "Kertovat" (in Finnish). 2009-08-21. Retrieved 2010-11-19.
- ↑ "Les groupes sanguins (système ABO)". Centre Hospitalier Princesse GRACE - Monaco (in French). C.H.P.G. MONACO. 2005. Retrieved 2008-07-15.
- ↑ "Blóðflokkar" (in Icelandic). .landspitali.is. Archived from the original on 2011-07-19. Retrieved 2010-11-19.
- ↑ "Blood Type Frequencies by Country including the Rh Factor".
- ↑ "Irish Blood Transfusion Service - Irish Blood Group Type Frequency Distribution". Irish Blood Transfusion Service. Retrieved 2009-11-07.
- ↑ "The national rescue service in Israel" (in Hebrew). Mdais.org. Archived from the original on 26 November 2010. Retrieved 2010-11-19.
- ↑ "Blood Types in Jamaica". National Blood Transfusion Service. Retrieved 2017-11-23.
- ↑ "血液の知識". Japanese Red Cross Society. Archived from the original on 2012-07-29. Retrieved 2012-08-07.
- ↑ "Croix Rouge". Retrieved 2017-01-21.
- ↑ Canizalez-Román, A; Campos-Romero, A; Castro-Sánchez, JA; López-Martínez, MA; Andrade-Muñoz, FJ; Cruz-Zamudio, CK; Ortíz-Espinoza, TG; León-Sicairos, N; Gaudrón Llanos, AM; Velázquez-Román, J; Flores-Villaseñor, H; Muro-Amador, S; Martínez-García, JJ; Alcántar-Fernández, J (2018). "Blood Groups Distribution and Gene Diversity of the ABO and Rh (D) Loci in the Mexican Population". BioMed Research International. 2018: 1–11. doi:10.1155/2018/1925619. PMC 5937518. PMID 29850485. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ↑ "Voorraad Erytrocytenconcentraten Bij Sanquin" (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 26 June 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-27.
- ↑ "What are Blood Groups?". NZ Blood. Retrieved 2010-11-19.
- ↑ "Hva er en blodtype?" [What is a blood type?] (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2014-09-23.
- ↑ "Philippine Red Cross". Retrieved 2014-07-15.
- ↑ "Regionalne Centrum Krwiodawstwa i Krwiolecznictwa we Wroclawiu" (in Polish). Rckik.wroclaw.pl. 2010-09-02. Retrieved 2010-11-19.
- ↑ "Portuguese Blood Institute" (in Portuguese). (assuming Rh and AB antigens are independent)
- ↑ Sanguina
- ↑ BASHAWRI, Layla A.; AL-MULHIMiz, Abdul Az; AHMAD, Malik S. (2001). "Frequency of ABO blood groups in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia". Saudi Medical Journal. 22 (11): 1008–12. ISSN 0379-5284. PMID 11744976.
- ↑ "Najčastejšie otázky" [Frequently Asked Questions] (in Slovak). Národná transfúzna služba SR. Retrieved 2017-09-22.
- ↑ "What's Your Type?". South African National Blood Service. Archived from the original on 2010-02-06. Retrieved 2010-11-19.
- ↑ "Federación Nacional de Donantes de Sangre/La sangre/Grupos". Donantesdesangre.net. Retrieved 2010-11-19.
- ↑ "Frequency of major blood groups in the Swedish population". Geblod.nu. 2007-10-02. Archived from the original on 24 November 2010. Retrieved 2010-11-19.
- ↑ - BLUTSPENDE https://www.blutspende.ch/fr/don_de_sang/sanguin_groupe/groupe_sanguin - BLUTSPENDE Check
|url=value (help). Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ "Turkey Blood Group Site". Kangrubu.com. Archived from the original on 29 May 2010. Retrieved 2010-11-19.
- ↑ "Know your blood group". Home Health UK. 2017-06-30. Retrieved 2018-05-30.
- ↑ "Blood Types in the U.S". Archived from the original on 2011-07-19. Retrieved 2011-07-19.
- ↑ "preguntas-frecuentes" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2014-09-23.
- ↑ "Racial and ethnic distribution of ABO blood types". Bloodbook.com. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
- ↑ Blood Transfusion Division, United States Army Medical Research Laboratory (1971). Selected contributions to the literature of blood groups and immunology. 1971 v. 4. United States Army Medical Research Laboratory, Fort Knox, Kentucky.
... In northern India, in Southern and Central China and in the neighboring Central Asiatic areas, we find the highest known frequencies of B. If we leave this center, the frequency of the B gene decreases almost everywhere ...
- 1 2 Encyclopædia Britannica (2002). The New Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. ISBN 978-0-85229-787-2.
... The maximum frequency of the B gene occurs in Central Asia and northern India. The B gene was probably absent from Native Americans and Australian Aboriginal people before racial admixture occurred with the coming of the white man ...
- ↑ Carol R. Ember, Melvin Ember (1973). Anthropology. Appleton-Century-Crofts.
... Blood type B is completely absent in most North and South American Indians ...
- ↑ Dean 2005, 2.1.4: Blood Type A: Central and Eastern Europe Type A is common in Central and Eastern Europe. In countries such as Austria, Denmark, Norway, and Switzerland, about 45–50% of the population have this blood type, whereas about 40% of Poles and Ukrainians do so. The highest frequencies are found in small, unrelated populations. For example, about 80% of the Blackfoot Indians of Montana have blood type A ...
- ↑ Technical Monograph No. 2: The ABO Blood Group System and ABO Subgroups (PDF). Biotec. March 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 February 2007.
... The frequency of blood group A is quite high (25–55%) in Europe, especially in Scandinavia and parts of central Europe. High group A frequency is also found in the Aboriginal people of South Australia (up to 45%) and in certain American Indian tribes where the frequency reaches 35% ...
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