云

See also: 雲

云	U+4E91, 云 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E91

← 亐
[U+4E90]

CJK Unified Ideographs

互 →
[U+4E92]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

云 (radical 7, 二+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一一戈 (MMI), four-corner 1073₁, composition ⿱二厶 or ⿱一𠫔)

Derived characters

呍, 妘, 沄, 抎, 忶, 枟, 眃, 秐, 紜(纭), 耘, 耺, 夽, 芸, 凨, 囩, 雲, 藝, 魂, 䲰(𪉂)
転, 伝 (Simplified from 專 in Japanese)
沄, 叆, 叇, 昙 (Simplified from 雲 in traditional Chinese)
会, 尝, 层, 动, 运, 坛, 酝 (Simplified from various components in traditional Chinese)

Related characters

雲 (Traditional form of 云)

References

KangXi: page 86, character 8

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 254

Dae Jaweon: page 178, character 1

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 384, character 2

Unihan data for U+4E91

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 云

Shang

Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)

Oracle bone script

Small seal script

**Small seal script**
s08529

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (云) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
魂	*ɢuːn
沄	ɢuːn, ɢun
忶	ɢuːn, ɢuns
囩	*ɢun
夽	*ŋunʔ
雲	*ɢun
芸	*ɢun
耘	*ɢun
妘	*ɢun
紜	*ɢun
云	*ɢun
耺	*ɢun
蕓	*ɢun
澐	*ɢun
橒	*ɢun
抎	*ɢunʔ

Pictogram (象形) , originally a stylized picture of clouds. Jiajie (假借) - The character was subsequently borrowed for a near-homophone meaning "to say", and the original meaning came to be represented by 雲 (OC *ɢun), through the addition of a semantic component 雨 (“rain”).

The simplified form adopted by the People's Republic of China in the 1950s eliminates this later addition and uses 云 for both "to say" and "cloud".

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 云 – see 雲 (“cloud; cloud; etc.”). (This character, 云, is the simplified form of 雲.)
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		云

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yún (yun²)

(Zhuyin): ㄩㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wan⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yùn
Min Dong (BUC): ùng
Min Nan (POJ): ûn / în
Wu (Wiktionary): hhyn (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yún
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄣˊ
  - Wade–Giles: yün²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yun
  - IPA ^(key): /yn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wan⁴
  - Yale: wàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wen⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /wɐn²¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùn
  - Hakka Romanization System: iunˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yun²
  - IPA: /i̯un¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùn
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iunˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yun²
  - IPA: /(j)i̯un¹¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ùng
  - IPA ^(key): /uŋ⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ûn
  - Tâi-lô: ûn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: uun
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /un²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /un²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: în
  - Tâi-lô: în
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iin
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /in¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: hhyn (T3)
  - IPA ^(key): /ɦʏɲ²³/

Middle Chinese: /ɦɨun/▼

Rime
Character	云
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	王分切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɨun/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦiun/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦun/
Li Rong	/ɣiuən/
Wang Li	/ɣĭuən/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯uən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yún

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷə[r]/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢun/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	云
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yún
Middle Chinese	‹ hjun ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷə[r]/
English	say
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	云
Reading #	1/1
No.	16363
Phonetic component	云
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	雲
Old Chinese	/*ɢun/

Definitions

云

(literary) to say; to speak (used when quoting from a source)
A particle.
A surname.

Compounds

不知所云 (bùzhīsuǒyún)
云乎
云乎哉
云云 (yúnyún)
云亡
云亭
云亭山人
云何
云喻
云已
云是
云板

云為／云为
云然
云爾／云尔 (yún'ěr)
云爾哉／云尔哉
云者
云耳
云胡
云若
云都赤
人云亦云 (rényúnyìyún)
但云

唱云
子曰詩云／子曰诗云 (zǐyuēshīyún)
歲聿云暮／岁聿云暮
漫云
牒云
紛云／纷云
聲云／声云
背云
胡云
胡云海嗙
詩云子曰／诗云子曰

Japanese

Kanji

云

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

say

Readings

Go-on: うん (un)
Kan-on: うん (un)
Kun: いう (iu, 云う)^{←いふ (ifu, historical)}
Nanori: おき (oki); これ (kore); とも (tomo); ひと (hito)

Compounds

云云 (しかじか) (shikajika)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
云
うん Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 云 (MC ɦɨun).

Pronunciation

On’yomi
- IPA^(key): [ɯ̟̃ᵝɴ]

Affix

云 (hiragana うん, rōmaji un)

say

Derived terms

Korean

Hanja

云 • (un) (hangeul 운, revised un, McCune–Reischauer un)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

云 (vân, rằng)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Lê Sơn Thanh, "Nom-Viet.dat", WinVNKey (details)

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