閼

See also: 阏

閼	U+95BC, 閼 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-95BC

← 閻
[U+95BB]

CJK Unified Ideographs

閽 →
[U+95BD]

Translingual

Han character

閼 (radical 169, 門+8, 16 strokes, cangjie input 日弓卜尸卜 (ANYSY), four-corner 7723₃, composition ⿵門於)

block, obstruct, stop up, conceal

References

KangXi: page 1337, character 13

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41380

Dae Jaweon: page 1843, character 1

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4306, character 3

Unihan data for U+95BC

Chinese

trad.		閼
simp.		阏

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (於) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
閼	qran, qeːn, qaːd, qad
菸	qeːn, qas
於	qaː, qa
淤	qa, qas
箊	*qa
唹	*qa
扵	*qa
瘀	*qas
棜	*qas

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yān, è, yù (yan¹, e⁴, yu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄢ, ㄜˋ, ㄩˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jin¹, aat³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): at
Min Nan (POJ): at

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yān
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄢ
  - Wade–Giles: yen¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ian
  - IPA ^(key): /i̯ɛn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: è
  - Zhuyin: ㄜˋ
  - Wade–Giles: o⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eh
  - IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yù
  - Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
  - Wade–Giles: yü⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yiw
  - IPA ^(key): /y⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jin¹, aat³
  - Yale: yīn, aat
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jin¹, aat⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: yin¹, ad³
  - IPA ^(key): /jiːn⁵⁵/, /äːt̚³/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: at
  - Hakka Romanization System: ad`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ad⁵
  - IPA: /at̚²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: at
  - Tâi-lô: at
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ad
  - IPA (Xiamen): /at̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /at̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /at̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /at̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /at̚³²/

Middle Chinese: /ʔen/, /ʔˠiᴇn/, /ʔɨɐt̚/, /ʔɑt̚/▼

Rime
Character	閼	閼	閼	閼
Reading #	1/4	2/4	3/4	4/4
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	影 (34)	影 (34)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	仙 (79)	月 (67)	曷 (63)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	Chongniu III	III	I
Fanqie	烏前切	於乾切	於歇切	烏葛切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔen/	/ʔˠiᴇn/	/ʔɨɐt̚/	/ʔɑt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔen/	/ʔᵚiɛn/	/ʔiɐt̚/	/ʔɑt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɛn/	/ʔiæn/	/ʔiɐt̚/	/ʔɑt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔɛn/	/ʔian/	/ʔɨat̚/	/ʔat̚/
Li Rong	/ʔen/	/ʔjɛn/	/ʔiɐt̚/	/ʔɑt̚/
Wang Li	/ien/	/ĭɛn/	/ĭɐt̚/	/ɑt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔien/	/ʔi̯ɛn/	/ʔɨ̯ɐt̚/	/ʔɑt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yān	yān	ye	e

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qˤat/

(Zhengzhang): /*qran/, /*qeːn/, /*qaːd/, /*qad/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	閼
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	è
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔat ›
Old Chinese	/*qˁat/
English	repress; cease
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	閼	閼	閼	閼
Reading #	1/4	2/4	3/4	4/4
No.	15807	15808	15820	15821
Phonetic component	於	於	於	於
Rime group	元	元	月	月
Rime subdivision	1	2	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	焉	煙	遏	謁
Old Chinese	/*qran/	/*qeːn/	/*qaːd/	/*qad/
Notes	閼氏見史記

Definitions

閼

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Compounds

夭閼／夭阏
淤閼／淤阏
閼伯／阏伯

閼塞／阏塞 (èsè)
閼氏／阏氏 (yānzhī)
閼與／阏与

閼逢／阏逢
雍閼／雍阏

References

“閼”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

閼

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: あち (achi); えん (en)
Kan-on: あつ (atsu); えん (en)
Kan’yō-on: あ (a)
Kun: とどめる (todomeru, 閼める); ふさぐ (fusagu, 閼ぐ)

Korean

Hanja

閼 • (al)

Eumhun:
- Sound (hangeul): 알 (revised: al, McCune–Reischauer: al, Yale: al)
- Name (hangeul): 가로막을 알

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