See also: , , and
U+5152, 兒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5152

[U+5151]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5153]

Translingual

Traditional
Shinjitai
Simplified

Han character

(radical 10, +6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹X竹山 (HXHU), four-corner 77217, composition)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 125, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1365
  • Dae Jaweon: page 265, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 272, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5152

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts





References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*rŋeː, *ŋeːʔ
*rŋeː
*ŋeː
*ŋeː, *ŋeː
*ŋeː, *ŋeːs, *ŋeː
*ŋeː
*ŋeː
*ŋeː
*ŋeː
*ŋeː
*ŋeː
*ŋeː
*ŋeː
*ŋeː
*ŋeː, *ŋje
*ŋeː, *ŋeːʔ
*ŋeːʔ, *ŋeːs
*ŋeːʔ
*ŋeːs
*ŋje
*ŋeːd
*ŋeːɡ
*ɦŋeːɡ

Pictogram (象形) : an infant with an imperfect cranium (i.e. fontanelle).

Etymology 1

trad.
simp. *
variant forms

Pronunciation


Note: Pronounced as '-r' in the suffix sense, merging with the previous syllable.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (38)
Final () (11)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ȵiᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ȵiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ȵʑjɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ȵiə̆/
Li
Rong
/ȵie/
Wang
Li
/ȵʑǐe/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ȵʑie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
ér
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
ér
Middle
Chinese
‹ nye ›
Old
Chinese
/*ŋe/
English child

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 2757
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ŋje/

Definitions

  1. child
  2. one's own child; son
    Synonyms: See 兒子#Synonyms
  3. (Classical Chinese) male adolescent
  4. Non-syllabic noun diminutive suffix in Mandarin. See erhua.

Usage notes

  • may be used to specially write erhua (or the rhotic sound) in traditional Chinese, in contrast with (ér, “child”).
    • 1950, 林濤 (Lin Tao), 定型化新文字 (Dingshinghua Sin Wenz), 2nd edition, 生活·讀書·新知三聯書店:
      有人把拉丁化新文字的方案跟寫法看做神聖不可侵犯的東西,不准有一點儿改變 []
      There are some who believe that the Latinxua Sin Wenz scheme and spelling are sacred things that should not be violated, and that there must not be even the tiniest bit of change []
      r念“儿”只有“”“二”“而”這幾個字 []
      When r is read as , the only candidates are "child", "two", and "and" []
  • When used to represent erhua, it may be subscript.
    • 1968, 趙元任 (Yuen Ren Chao), 語言問題 [Problems in Linguistics], 臺灣商務印書館, page 83:
      固然平常念一個單字的時候,重音的音節在樂音上也是高一點,不過它不一定老是這個樣子。
      Admittedly, when pronouncing a word, the stressed syllable is, musically speaking, also a bit higher-pitched, but this is not necessarily always the case.

Compounds

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
variant forms

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (31)
Final () (39)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () IV
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ŋei/
Pan
Wuyun
/ŋei/
Shao
Rongfen
/ŋɛi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ŋɛj/
Li
Rong
/ŋei/
Wang
Li
/ŋiei/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ŋiei/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 2748
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ŋeː/

Definitions

  1. A surname.
  2. Alternative form of (, “teeth grown in old age”).
  3. Alternative form of (, “small and weak”).
  4. Alternative form of ().

Japanese

Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

  1. Kyūjitai form of (child; young of animals)
  2. Used in personal names.

Readings

  • Go-on: (ni); (ge)
  • Kan-on: (ji); げい (gei)
  • Kun: (ko)
  • Nanori: ちご (chigo)

Korean

Hanja

(a, ye) (hangeul , )

  1. child

Compounds


Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: nhi
: Nôm readings: nhi, nghê, nhẻ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.