傭

See also: 佣

傭	U+50AD, 傭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-50AD

← 催
[U+50AC]

CJK Unified Ideographs

傮 →
[U+50AE]

Translingual

Han character

傭 (radical 9, 人+11, 13 strokes, cangjie input 人戈中月 (OILB), four-corner 2022₇, composition ⿰亻庸)

References

KangXi: page 114, character 11

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1007

Dae Jaweon: page 242, character 20

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 214, character 6

Unihan data for U+50AD

Chinese

trad.		傭
simp.		佣^*

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 傭

**Small seal script**
s05728

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (用) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
通	*l̥ʰoːŋ
俑	l̥ʰoːŋ, loŋʔ
蓪	*l̥ʰoːŋ
桶	l̥ʰoːŋʔ, l'oːŋʔ
捅	*l̥ʰoːŋʔ
痛	*l̥ʰoːŋs
筩	*l'oːŋ
誦	*ljoŋs
傭	l̥ʰoŋ, loŋ
慵	*ɦljoŋ
鱅	ɦljoŋ, loŋ
滽	*loŋ
墉	*loŋ
鏞	*loŋ
鄘	*loŋ
槦	*loŋ
銿	*loŋ
甬	*loŋʔ
勇	*loŋʔ
涌	*loŋʔ
踊	*loŋʔ
蛹	*loŋʔ
恿	*loŋʔ
慂	*loŋʔ
悀	*loŋʔ
埇	*loŋʔ
踴	*loŋʔ
庸	*loŋ
用	*loŋs
佣	*loŋs

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yōng, yóng (yong¹, yong²)

(Zhuyin): ㄩㄥ, ㄩㄥˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jung⁴, jung²
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): iong

(Teochew, Peng'im): iong⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄥ
  - Wade–Giles: yung¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iong
  - IPA ^(key): /i̯ʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yóng
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄥˊ
  - Wade–Giles: yung²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yong
  - IPA ^(key): /i̯ʊŋ³⁵/

Note: yóng - obsolete.

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jung⁴, jung²
  - Yale: yùhng, yúng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jung⁴, jung²
  - Guangdong Romanization: yung⁴, yung²
  - IPA ^(key): /jʊŋ²¹/, /jʊŋ³⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iong
  - Tâi-lô: iong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iofng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iong⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iông
  - IPA ^(key): /ioŋ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /jɨoŋ/▼

Rime
Character	傭
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	餘封切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨoŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/jioŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ioŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/juawŋ/
Li Rong	/ioŋ/
Wang Li	/jĭwoŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯woŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yóng

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*loŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*loŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	傭
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yōng
Middle Chinese	‹ yowng ›
Old Chinese	/*loŋ/
English	hire
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	傭
Reading #	2/2
No.	15444
Phonetic component	用
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	容
Old Chinese	/*loŋ/
Notes	庸轉註字見莊子

Definitions

傭

servant; maid
to employ; to hire
^† salary; wages
^† Alternative form of 庸 (yōng, “ordinary; mediocre; a kind of tax during the Tang dynasty”).

Compounds

傭人／佣人 (yōngrén)
傭人領班／佣人领班
傭作／佣作
傭保／佣保
傭僕／佣仆
傭兵／佣兵 (yōngbīng)

傭婢／佣婢
傭婦／佣妇 (yōngfù)
傭工／佣工 (yōnggōng)
傭給／佣给
傭耕／佣耕

僱傭／雇佣 (gùyōng)
女傭／女佣 (nǚyōng)
家傭／家佣
幫傭／帮佣
德潤傭書／德润佣书

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chōng (chong¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cung¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: chōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄥ
  - Wade–Giles: ch'ung¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chong
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: cung¹
  - Yale: chūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: cung¹
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /ʈʰɨoŋ/▼

Rime
Character	傭
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	徹 (10)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	丑凶切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈʰɨoŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈʰioŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶʰioŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈʰuawŋ/
Li Rong	/ȶʰioŋ/
Wang Li	/ȶʰĭwoŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶʰi̯woŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chōng

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰoŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	傭
Reading #	1/2
No.	15437
Phonetic component	用
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	蹱
Old Chinese	/*l̥ʰoŋ/

Definitions

傭

^† equal; even; fair; just

References

“傭”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

傭

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

employ, hire

Readings

Go-on: よ (yo)
Kan-on: よう (yō)
On: ちょう (chō)
Kun: やとう (yatou, 傭う)

Compounds

傭 (よう)兵 (へい) (yōhei): hired soldier
雇 (こ)傭 (よう) (koyō): employment
試 (し)傭 (よう) (shiyō): trial employment
常 (じょう)傭 (よう) (jōyō): regular employment
被 (ひ)傭 (よう)者 (しゃ) (hiyōsha): employee

Korean

Hanja

傭 • (yong, chung) (hangeul 용, 충, revised yong, chung, McCune–Reischauer yong, ch'ung)

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