Per mille

Per mille, (from Latin per mīlle, "in each thousand"),[1] is an expression that means parts per thousand.[2] Other recognised spellings include per mil,[2] per mill,[1][3] permil,[1] permill,[1] or permille[4]

"‰" redirects here. Not to be confused with %, indicating parts per hundred, or with ‱, indicating parts per ten thousand.
Permille may also be a 1000-quantile.
"Promille" redirects here. For the Finnish video game, see Promille (video game).

‰
Per mille
In UnicodeU+2030 ‰ PER MILLE (HTML ‰ · ‰)
Related
See alsoU+0025 % PERCENT SIGN
U+2031 ‱ PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN (Basis point)
Visualisation of 1%, 1‰, 1‱, and 1 ppm as the fraction of the red cube to its respective block (larger version)

The associated sign is written ‰, which looks like a percent sign % with an extra zero in the divisor.

The term occurs so rarely in English that major dictionaries do not agree on the spelling[1][2][3] and some major dictionaries such as Macmillan[5] and Longman[6] do not even contain an entry. The term is more common in other European languages where it is used to express percentages smaller than 1%. One common usage is blood alcohol content, that is usually expressed as a percentage in English-speaking countries.

Per mil should not be confused with parts per million (ppm).

Computer systems

The code point for the glyph is included in the General Punctuation block of Unicode characters: U+2030 ‰ PER MILLE SIGN.[4] It may be typed using Alt+0137, Compose%o, or Ctrl+⇧ Shift+u 2030, according to operating system.

Examples
A tram and gradient sign in Gdańsk, Poland. The 50‰ grade is equivalent to 5%.

Examples of use include:

In English, the phrase "per mille" may also be used in other contexts unrelated to percentage, such as

  • Print and online advertisements, which are commonly sold at cost per mille (CPM); this is the common unit for all banner and display advertising
  • By email service providers to denominate the cost for 1,000 emails delivered as a cost per mille (CPM)

See also

References
  1. Oxford English Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2005. per mil, adv
  2. "Cambridge Dictionary Online: Business English". Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 8 June 2020. per mille adverb (also per mil)
  3. "Oxford Dictionaries: The American Dictionary". Retrieved 1 Aug 2014. per mill
  4. Unicode. "General Punctuation". 2014. Accessed 5 Aug 2014.
  5. "Macmillan Dictionary". Retrieved 1 Aug 2014. No result
  6. "Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English". Retrieved 1 Aug 2014. No result
  • Media related to Per mille at Wikimedia Commons
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