Háromszék County
Háromszék (Three Seats; Romanian: Trei Scaune) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Situated in south-eastern Transylvania, its territory is now in central Romania (in the counties of Covasna, Brașov and Bacău). The capital of the county was Sepsiszentgyörgy (now Sfântu Gheorghe).
| Háromszék County | |
|---|---|
| County of the Kingdom of Hungary (1876-1920, 1940-1945) | |
 Coat of arms
| |
 | |
| Capital | Sepsiszentgyörgy |
| Area | |
| • Coordinates | 45°52′N 25°47′E |
• 1910 | 3,889 km2 (1,502 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 1910 | 148100 |
| History | |
• Established | 1876 |
• Treaty of Trianon | 4 June 1920 |
• County recreated (Second Vienna Award) | 30 August 1940 |
• Disestablished | 1945 |
| Today part of |  |
| Sfântu Gheorghe is the current name of the capital. | |
Geography
Háromszék county shared borders with Romania and the Hungarian counties Csík, Udvarhely, Nagy-Küküllő and Brassó. The river Olt flowed through the county. The Carpathian Mountains form its southern and eastern border. Its area was 3889 km² around 1910.
History
Háromszék means "three seats". The Háromszék region was a combination of three settlements (seats) of the Székelys: Kézdiszék, Orbaiszék and Sepsiszék. Háromszék county was formed in 1876, when the administrative structure of Transylvania was changed. In 1920, by the Treaty of Trianon the county became part of Romania under the name Trei Scaune. After the Second Vienna Award the county was recreated with most of its historic territory as it became part of Hungary again until the end of World War II. Afterwards, it became part of Romania again, its territory lies mainly in the present Romanian county of Covasna, with a small part in the south being part of Braşov County.
Demographics
In 1891, county had a population of 130,008 people. Population by language:
- Hungarian: 110,799 people (86%)
- Romanian: 17,360 people (13.4%)
- German: 511 people (0.4%)
- Slovak: 251 people (0.2%)
In 1900, the county had a population of 137,261 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:[1]
Total:
- Hungarian: 116,755 (85.1%)
- Romanian: 19,439 (14.2%)
- German: 363 (0.2%)
- Slovak: 210 (0.1%)
- Ruthenian: 98 (0.0%)
- Croatian: 12 (0.0%)
- Serbian: 1 (0.0%)
- Other or unknown: 383 (0.3%)
According to the census of 1900, the county was composed of the following religious communities:[2]
Total:
- Calvinist: 57,861 (42.2%)
- Roman Catholic: 45,681 (33.3%)
- Eastern Orthodox: 24,761 (18.0%)
- Unitarian: 5,102 (3.7%)
- Greek Catholic: 2,465 (1.8%)
- Jewish: 901 (0.7%)
- Lutheran: 456 (0.3%)
- Other or unknown: 34 (0.0%)
In 1910, county had a population of 148,080 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:[3]
Total:
- Hungarian: 123,518 (83.4%)
- Romanian: 22,963 (15.5%)
- German: 617 (0.4%)
- Slovak: 202 (0.1%)
- Ruthenian: 144 (0.1%)
- Croatian: 15 (0.0%)
- Serbian: 14 (0.0%)
- Other or unknown: 607 (0.4%)
According to the census of 1910, the county was composed of the following religious communities:[4]
Total:
- Calvinist: 60,030 (40.5%)
- Roman Catholic: 49,654 (33.5%)
- Eastern Orthodox: 28,077 (19.0%)
- Unitarianist: 5,228 (3.5%)
- Greek Catholic: 3,052 (2.1%)
- Jewish: 1,222 (0.8%)
- Lutheran: 765 (0.5%)
- Other or unknown: 52 (0.0%)
Subdivisions
In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Háromszék county were:
| Districts (járás) | |
|---|---|
| District | Capital |
| Kézdi | Kézdivásárhely, RO Târgu Secuiesc |
| Miklósvár | Nagyajta, RO Aita Mare |
| Orbai | Kovászna, RO Covasna |
| Sepsi | Sepsiszentgyörgy, RO Sfântu Gheorghe |
| Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város) | |
| Kézdivásárhely, RO Târgu Secuiesc | |
| Sepsiszentgyörgy, RO Sfântu Gheorghe | |
References
- "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 7 December 2012.
- "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 7 December 2012.
- "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 19 June 2012.
- "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 19 June 2012.
