1960 United States Senate elections

The 1960 United States Senate elections coincided with the election of John F. Kennedy as president. The Republicans gained one seat at the expense of the Democrats. The Democrats nonetheless retained a commanding lead in the Senate with 64 seats to 36. As Majority Leader Lyndon B. Johnson was elected Vice President, Mike Mansfield became the new Majority Leader.

1960 United States Senate elections

November 8, 1960

35 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate
51 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader Lyndon Johnson Everett Dirksen
Party Democratic Republican
Leader since January 3, 1953 January 3, 1959
Leader's seat Texas Illinois
Seats before 66 34
Seats after 64 36
Seat change 2 2
Popular vote 18,547,250 14,894,867
Percentage 55.1% 44.2%
Swing 0.1% 1.1%
Seats up 22 11
Races won 20 13

Results including special elections
     Democratic gain      Republican gain
     Democratic hold      Republican hold

Majority Leader before election

Lyndon Johnson
Democratic

Elected Majority Leader

Mike Mansfield
Democratic

Retirements

Democratic seats held by Democrats

  1. Montana: James E. Murray (D) was replaced by Lee Metcalf (D)
  2. Oregon: Hall S. Lusk (D) was replaced by Maurine Neuberger (D)
  3. Rhode Island: Theodore F. Green (D) was replaced by Claiborne Pell (D)

Democrats replaced by Republicans

  1. Wyoming: Joseph C. O'Mahoney (D) was replaced by Edwin Keith Thomson (R). But Thomson died before the Congress began and was then replaced by a Democratic appointee.

Republican seats held by Republicans

  1. Iowa: Thomas E. Martin (R) was replaced by Jack Miller (R)

Republicans replaced by Democrats

  1. North Dakota (Class 1): Norman Brunsdale (R) was replaced by Quentin Burdick (D)

Losing incumbents

Democrats lost to Republicans

  1. Delaware: J. Allen Frear Jr. (D) lost to J. Caleb Boggs (R)

Other changes

The Republicans' net gain of one seat was eliminated after the election.

  1. Wyoming: Senator-elect Edwin Keith Thomson (R) died December 9, 1960, and was replaced by appointee John J. Hickey (D) at the beginning of the Congress.

Subsequent changes

The Republicans gained one seat early in the next Congress.

  1. Texas: Two-term Incumbent Lyndon B. Johnson (D) had been re-elected, but he resigned January 3, 1961 at the beginning of the term to become U.S. Vice President.

Change in Senate composition

Before the general elections

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10
D20 D19 D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11
D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28 D29 D30
D40 D39 D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31
D41 D42 D43 D44 D45
Ran
D46
Ran
D47
Ran
D48
Ran
D49
Ran
D50
Ran
Majority → D51
Ran
D60
Ran
D59
Ran
D58
Ran
D57
Ran
D56
Ran
D55
Ran
D54
Ran
D53
Ran
D52
Ran
D61
Ran
D62
Ran
D63
Retired
D64
Retired
D65
Retired
D66
Retired
R34
Retired
R33
Ran
R32
Ran
R31
Ran
R21 R22 R23 R24
Ran
R25
Ran
R26
Ran
R27
Ran
R28
Ran
R29
Ran
R30
Ran
R20 R19 R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10

After the general elections

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10
D20 D19 D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11
D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28 D29 D30
D40 D39 D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31
D41 D42 D43 D44 D45
Re-elected
D46
Re-elected
D47
Re-elected
D48
Re-elected
D49
Re-elected
D50
Re-elected
Majority → D51
Re-elected
D60
Re-elected
D59
Re-elected
D58
Re-elected
D57
Re-elected
D56
Re-elected
D55
Re-elected
D54
Re-elected
D53
Re-elected
D52
Re-elected
D61
Re-elected
D62
Re-elected
D63
Hold
D64
Hold
R36
Gain
R35
Gain
R34
Hold
R33
Re-elected
R32
Re-elected
R31
Re-elected
R21 R22 R23 R24
Re-elected
R25
Re-elected
R26
Re-elected
R27
Re-elected
R28
Re-elected
R29
Re-elected
R30
Re-elected
R20 R19 R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10

After the November special elections

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10
D20 D19 D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11
D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28 D29 D30
D40 D39 D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31
D41 D42 D43 D44 D45 D46 D47 D48 D49 D50
Majority → D51
D60 D59 D58 D57 D56 D55 D54 D53 D52
D61 D62 D63
Appointee elected
D64
Hold, like general
R36 R35 R34 R33 R32 R31
R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28 R29 R30
R20 R19 R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10

Beginning of the next Congress

The Republican Senator-elect from Wyoming died between the election and the next Congress. A Democrat was appointed in his place by the beginning of the next Congress.

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10
D20 D19 D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11
D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28 D29 D30
D40 D39 D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31
D41 D42 D43 D44 D45 D46 D47 D48 D49 D50
Majority → D51
D60 D59 D58 D57 D56 D55 D54 D53 D52
D61 D62 D63 D64 D65
Gain
R35 R34 R33 R32 R31
R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28 R29 R30
R20 R19 R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10
Key:
D# Democratic
R# Republican

Race summaries

Special elections during the 86th Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated during 1960 or before January 3, 1961; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
North Dakota (Special)
(Class 1)
Norman Brunsdale Republican 1959 (Appointed) Interim apppointee retired.
New senator elected June 28, 1960.
Democratic gain.
Missouri (Special)
(Class 3)
Edward V. Long Democratic 1960 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected November 8, 1960.
Oregon (Special)
(Class 2)
Hall S. Lusk Democratic 1960 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected November 8, 1960.
Democratic hold.
Winner was also elected to the next term, see below.

Elections leading to the next Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning January 3, 1961; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Alabama John Sparkman Democratic 1946 (Special)
1948
1954
Incumbent re-elected.
  • Y John Sparkman (Democratic) 70.2%
  • Julian Elgin (Republican) 29.8%
Alaska Bob Bartlett Democratic 1958 (New seat) Incumbent re-elected.
Arkansas John L. McClellan Democratic 1942
1948
1954
Incumbent re-elected.
Colorado Gordon Allott Republican 1954 Incumbent re-elected.
Delaware J. Allen Frear Jr. Democratic 1948
1954
Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Georgia Richard Russell Jr. Democratic 1932 (Special)
1936
1942
1948
1954
Incumbent re-elected.
Idaho Henry Dworshak Republican 1946 (Special)
1948 (Lost)
1949 (Appointed)
1950 (Special)
1954
Incumbent re-elected.
  • Y Henry Dworshak (Republican) 52.3%
  • R. F. Bob McLaughlin (Democratic) 47.7%
Illinois Paul Douglas Democratic 1948
1954
Incumbent re-elected.
  • Y Paul Douglas (Democratic) 54.6%
  • Samuel W. Witwer (Republican) 45.2%
Iowa Thomas E. Martin Republican 1954 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.
Kansas Andrew Frank Schoeppel Republican 1948
1954
Incumbent re-elected.
Kentucky John Sherman Cooper Republican 1946 (Special)
1948 (Lost)
1952 (Special)
1954 (Lost)
1956 (Special)
Incumbent re-elected.
Louisiana Allen J. Ellender Democratic 1936
1942
1948
1954
Incumbent re-elected.
Maine Margaret Chase Smith Republican 1948
1954
Incumbent re-elected.
Massachusetts Leverett Saltonstall Republican 1944 (Special)
1948
1954
Incumbent re-elected.
Michigan Patrick V. McNamara Democratic 1954 Incumbent re-elected.
Minnesota Hubert Humphrey Democratic 1948
1954
Incumbent re-elected.
Mississippi James Eastland Democratic 1942
1948
1954
Incumbent re-elected.
Montana James E. Murray Democratic 1934 (Special)
1936
1942
1948
1954
Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.
Nebraska Carl Curtis Republican 1954 Incumbent re-elected.
  • Y Carl Curtis (Republican) 58.9%
  • Robert B. Conrad (Democratic) 41.1%
New Hampshire Styles Bridges Republican 1936
1942
1948
1954
Incumbent re-elected.
  • Y Styles Bridges (Republican) 60.4%
  • Herbert W. Hill (Democratic) 39.7%
New Jersey Clifford P. Case Republican 1954 Incumbent re-elected.
New Mexico Clinton Anderson Democratic 1948
1954
Incumbent re-elected.
North Carolina B. Everett Jordan Democratic 1958 (Appointed)
1958 (Special)
Incumbent re-elected.
Oklahoma Robert S. Kerr Democratic 1948
1954
Incumbent re-elected.
  • Y Robert S. Kerr (Democratic) 54.8%
  • B. Hayden Crawford (Republican) 44.6%
Oregon Hall S. Lusk Democratic 1960 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.
Winner was also elected to finish the term, see above.
Rhode Island Theodore F. Green Democratic 1936
1942
1948
1954
Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.
  • Y Claiborne Pell (Democratic) 68.9%
  • Raoul Archambault (Republican) 31.1%
South Carolina Strom Thurmond Democratic 1954
1954 (Appointed)
1956 (Resigned)
1956 (Special)
Incumbent re-elected.
South Dakota Karl E. Mundt Republican 1948
1948 (Appointed)
1954
Incumbent re-elected.
Tennessee Estes Kefauver Democratic 1948
1954
Incumbent re-elected.
  • Y Estes Kefauver (Democratic) 71.8%
  • A. Bradley Frazier (Republican) 28.3%
Texas Lyndon B. Johnson Democratic 1948
1954
Incumbent re-elected.
Winner resigned at the end of the term to become U.S. Vice President.
New senator was appointed to begin the next term.
Virginia Absalom Willis Robertson Democratic 1946 (Special)
1948
1954
Incumbent re-elected.
West Virginia Jennings Randolph Democratic 1958 (Special) Incumbent re-elected.
Wyoming Joseph C. O'Mahoney Democratic 1954 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
Winner then died before the Congress began and was replaced by a Democratic appointee.

Alabama

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John J. Sparkman (Incumbent) 389,196 70.24%
Republican Julian E. Elgin 164,868 29.76%
Majority 224,328 40.48%
Turnout 554,064
Democratic hold

Alaska

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Bob Bartlett (Incumbent) 38,041 63.42%
Republican Lee L. McKinley 21,937 36.58%
Majority 16,104 26.84%
Turnout 59,978
Democratic hold

Arkansas

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John Little McClellan (Incumbent) 377,036 99.88%
None Marvin Fuchs (write-in) 449 0.12%
Majority 376,587 26.84%
Turnout 377,485
Democratic hold

Colorado

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Gordon L. Allott (Incumbent) 389,428 53.75%
Democratic Robert L. Knous 331,752 45.79%
Independent William R. Casey 3,351 0.46%
Majority 57,676 7.96%
Turnout 724,531
Republican hold

Delaware

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican J. Caleb Boggs 98,874 50.71%
Democratic J. Allen Frear (Incumbent) 96,090 49.29%
Majority 2,784 1.42%
Turnout 194,964
Republican gain from Democratic

Georgia

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Richard B. Russell Jr. (Incumbent) 576,140 99.94%
None Scattering 355 0.06%
Majority 575,785 98.98%
Turnout 576,495
Democratic hold

Hawaii (Special)

Special election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Daniel Inouye 136,294 69.41%
Republican Ben F. Dillingham 60,067 30.59%
Majority 76,227 38.82%
Turnout 196,361
Democratic hold

Idaho

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Henry Dworshak (Incumbent) 152,648 52.26%
Democratic R. F. ‘Bob’ McLaughlin 139,448 47.74%
Majority 13,200 4.52%
Turnout 292,096
Republican hold

Illinois

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Paul H. Douglas (Incumbent) 2,530,943 54.63%
Republican Samuel W. Witwer 2,093,846 45.20%
Socialist Labor Louis Fisher 8,007 0.17%
Majority 437,097 9.43%
Turnout 4,632,796
Democratic hold

Iowa

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jack Miller 642,463 51.91%
Democratic Herschel C. Loveless 595,119 48.09%
Majority 47,344 23.11%
Turnout 1,237,582
Republican hold

Kansas

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Andrew F. Schoeppel (Incumbent) 485,499 54.64%
Democratic Frank Theis 388,895 43.77%
Prohibition C. E. Cowen 14,198 1.60%
Majority 96,604 10.87%
Turnout 888,592
Republican hold

Kentucky

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican John Sherman Cooper (Incumbent) 644,087 59.15%
Democratic Keen Johnson 444,830 40.85%
Majority 199,257 18.30%
Turnout 1,088,917
Republican hold

Louisiana

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Allen J. Ellender (Incumbent) 432,228 79.76%
Republican George W. Reese Jr. 109,698 20.24%
None Write-Ins 2 0.00%
Majority 322,530 59.52%
Turnout 541,928
Democratic hold

Maine

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Margaret Chase Smith (Incumbent) 256,890 61.65%
Democratic Lucia M. Cormier 159,809 38.35%
Majority 97,081 23.30%
Turnout 416,699
Republican hold

Massachusetts

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Leverett Saltonstall (Incumbent) 1,358,556 56.19%
Democratic Thomas J. O’Connor Jr. 1,050,725 43.46%
Socialist Labor Lawrence Gilfedder 5,735 0.24%
Prohibition Mark R. Shaw 2,794 0.12%
None Others 3 0.00%
Majority 307,831 12.73%
Turnout 2,417,813
Republican hold

Michigan

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patrick V. McNamara (Incumbent) 1,669,179 51.73%
Republican Alvin Bentley 1,548,873 48.00%
Socialist Workers Frank Lovell 3,282 0.10%
Prohibition Rollin M. Severance 2,273 0.07%
Socialist Labor James Sim 1,565 0.05%
Independent American Alvin L. Reynolds 1,465 0.05%
None Scattering 10 0.00%
Majority 120,306 3.73%
Turnout 3,226,647
Democratic hold

Minnesota

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic–Farmer–Labor Hubert Humphrey (Incumbent) 884,168 57.53%
Republican P. Kenneth Peterson 648,586 42.20%
None Write-Ins 4,085 0.27%
Majority 117,791 15.33%
Turnout 1,532,754
Democratic–Farmer–Labor hold

Mississippi

Mississippi election

 
Nominee James Eastland Joe Moore
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 244,341 21,807
Percentage 91.8% 8.2%

County results
Eastland:      80-90%      90-100%

U.S. senator before election

James Eastland
Democratic

Elected U.S. senator

James Eastland
Democratic

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic James O. Eastland (Incumbent) 244,341 91.81%
Republican Joe A. Moore 21,807 8.19%
Majority 222,534 83.62%
Turnout 266,148
Democratic hold

Missouri (Special)

Montana

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Lee Metcalf 140,331 50.73%
Republican Orvin B. Fjare 136,281 49.27%
Majority 4,050 1.46%
Turnout 276,612
Democratic hold

Nebraska

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Carl T. Curtis (Incumbent) 352,748 58.93%
Democratic Robert B. Conrad 245,807 41.07%
Majority 106,941 17.86%
Turnout 598,555
Republican hold

New Hampshire

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Styles Bridges (Incumbent) 173,521 60.35%
Democratic Herbert W. Hill 114,024 39.65%
Majority 59,497 20.70%
Turnout 287,545
Republican hold

New Jersey

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Clifford P. Case (Incumbent) 1,483,832 55.69%
Democratic Thorn Lord 1,151,385 43.21%
Conservative Winifred O. Perry 13,756 0.52%
Socialist Labor Albert Ronis 11,784 0.44%
Socialist Workers Gladys Grauer 3,599 0.14%
Majority 332,447 12.48%
Turnout 2,664,356
Republican hold

New Mexico

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Clinton Presba Anderson (Incumbent) 190,654 63.43%
Republican William Colwes 109,897 36.57%
Majority 80,757 26.86%
Turnout 300,551
Democratic hold

North Carolina

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic B. Everett Jordan (Incumbent) 793,521 61.44%
Republican Kyle Hayes 497,964 38.56%
Majority 295,557 22.88%
Turnout 1,291,485
Democratic hold

North Dakota (Special)

Oklahoma

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Robert S. Kerr (Incumbent) 474,116 54.84%
Republican B. Hayden Crawford 385,646 44.61%
Independent Billy E. Brown 4,713 0.55%
Majority 88,470 10.23%
Turnout 864,475
Democratic hold

Oregon

General election

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Maurine B. Neuberger 422,024 54.99%
Republican Elmo Smith 345,464 45.01%
Majority 76,560 9.98%
Turnout 767,488
Democratic hold

Oregon (Special)

Rhode Island

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Claiborne Pell 275,575 68.90%
Republican Raoul Archambault Jr. 124,408 31.10%
Majority 151,167 37.80%
Turnout 399,983
Democratic hold

South Carolina

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Strom Thurmond (Incumbent) 330,167 99.97%
None Write-Ins 102 0.03%
Majority 330,065 99.94%
Turnout 330,269
Democratic hold

South Dakota

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Karl Mundt (Incumbent) 160,181 52.44%
Democratic George McGovern 145,261 47.56%
Majority 14,920 4.88%
Turnout 305,442
Republican hold

Tennessee

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Estes Kefauver (Incumbent) 594,460 71.75%
Republican A. Bradley Frazier 234,053 28.25%
None Write-Ins 6 0.00%
Majority 360,407 43.50%
Turnout 828,519
Democratic hold

Texas

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Lyndon Johnson (Incumbent) 1,306,625 57.97%
Republican John Tower 926,653 41.12%
Constitution Bard W. Logan 20,506 0.91%
Majority 379,972 16.85%
Turnout 2,253,784
Democratic hold

Virginia

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic A. Willis Robertson (Incumbent) 506,169 81.27%
Independent Democratic Stuart D. Baker -88,718 14.24%
Social Democratic Clarke T. Robbe 26,783 4.30%
None Scattering 1,150 0.18%
Majority 417,451 67.03%
Turnout 622,820
Democratic hold

West Virginia

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Jennings Randolph (Incumbent) 458,355 55.34%
Republican Cecil Underwood 369,935 44.66%
None Write-Ins 2 0.00%
Majority 88,420 10.68%
Turnout 828,292
Democratic hold

Wyoming

General election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Keith Thomson 78,103 56.37%
Democratic Raymond B. Whitaker 60,447 43.63%
Majority 17,656 12.74%
Turnout 138,550
Republican gain from Democratic

See also

References

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