1824 and 1825 United States Senate elections

The United States Senate elections of 1824 and 1825 were elections for the United States Senate that saw the Jacksonians gain a majority over the Anti-Jacksonian National Republican Party.

For related races, see 1824 United States elections.
1824 and 1825 U.S. Senate elections
Dates vary by state
16 of the 48 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections)
25 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Party Jacksonian Anti-Jacksonian
Seats won 8 10
Seats after 25 20
Seat change 25 20
Seats up 0 0
  Third party Fourth party
 
Party Democratic-Republican Federalist
Last election 44 seats 3 seats
Seats before 43 5
Seat change 43 5
Seats up 15 1
Majority party before election

Democratic-Republican

 Elected Majority party

Jacksonian

As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by state legislatures.

Results summary

Senate Party Division, 19th Congress (1825–1827)

  • Majority Party: Jacksonian (26)
  • Minority Party: Anti-Jacksonian (22)
  • Total seats: 48

Change in composition

Before the elections
  DR1 DR1 DR3 DR4
DR14 DR13 DR12 DR11 DR10 DR9 DR8 DR7 DR6 DR5
DR15 DR16 DR17 DR18 DR19 DR20 DR21 DR22 DR23 DR24
Majority →
DR34
Ohio
Ran
new party		 DR33
N.C.
Ran
new party		 DR32
Mo.
Ran
new party		 DR31
Md.
Ran
new party		 DR30
La.
Ran
new party		 DR29
Conn.
Ran
new party		 DR28 DR27 DR26 DR25
DR35
S.C.
Ran
new party		 DR36
Ala.
Unknown		 DR37
Ga.
Unknown		 DR38
Ill.
Unknown		 DR39
Ky.
Unknown		 DR40
N.H.
Unknown		 DR41
Ind.
Retired		 DR42
Pa.
Retired		 DR43
Vt.
Retired		 Fa5
N.Y.
Retired
  Fa1 Fa2 Fa3 Fa4

Election results
  DR1 DR1 DR3 DR4
DR14 DR13 DR12 DR11 DR10 DR9 DR8 DR7 DR6 DR5
DR15 DR16 DR17 DR18 DR19 DR20 DR21 DR22 DR23 DR24
Majority →
AJ6
Pa.
Gain		 AJ5
Ohio
Gain		 AJ4
Ind.
Gain		 AJ3
Vt.
Re-elected
new party		 AJ2
Mo.
Re-elected
new party		 AJ1
La.
Re-elected
new party		 DR28 DR27 DR26 DR25
V1
Conn.
DR Loss		 V2
N.Y.
F Loss		 J8
N.H.
Gain		 J7
Ky.
Gain		 J6
Ill.
Gain		 J5
Ga.
Gain		 J4
Ala.
Gain		 J3
S.C.
Re-elected
new party		 J2
N.C.
Re-elected
new party		 J1
Md.
Re-elected
new party
  Fa1 Fa2 Fa3 Fa4

Beginning of the next Congress
  AJ1 AJ2 AJ3 AJ4
AJ14 AJ13 AJ12 AJ11 AJ10 AJ9 AJ8 AJ7 AJ6 AJ5
AJ15 AJ16 AJ17 AJ18 AJ19 AJ20 V1 V2 V3 J25
Majority → J24
J15 J16 J17 J18 J19 J20 J21 J22 J23
J14 J13 J12 J11 J10 J9 J8 J7 J6 J5
  J1 J2 J3 J4
Key:
18th Congress 19th Congress
DR# Democratic-Republican AJ# Anti-Jacksonian
F# Federalist J# Jacksonian
  V# Vacant

Race summaries

Bold states link to specific election articles.

Special elections during the 18th Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1824 or before March 4, 1825; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Delaware
(Class 2)		 Vacant Legislature had failed to elect.
Incumbent re-elected late January 9, 1824.
Federalist gain.
  • Y Nicholas Van Dyke (Federalist) 18 votes
  • Andrew Gray (Democratic-Republican) 9 votes
  • Blank 1 vote[1]
Delaware
(Class 1)		 Vacant Caesar A. Rodney (DR) had resigned January 29, 1823 in the previous Congress.
Successor elected January 13, 1824.
Federalist gain.
Louisiana
(Class 3)		 James Brown Democratic-Republican 1819 Incumbent resigned December 10, 1823 to become U.S. Minister to France.
Successor elected January 15, 1824.[3]
Democratic-Republican hold.
Successor later re-elected, see below.
Connecticut
(Class 2)		 Henry W. Edwards Democratic-Republican 1823 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected May 5, 1824.
Louisiana
(Class 2)		 Henry Johnson Democratic-Republican 1818 (Appointed)
1823 (Special)		 Incumbent resigned May 27, 1824 to become Governor of Louisiana.
Successor elected November 19, 1824.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Illinois
(Class 3)		 Ninian Edwards Democratic-Republican 1818
1819		 Incumbent resigned March 3, 1824.
Successor elected November 24, 1824 on the third ballot, but not to next term.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Georgia
(Class 2)		 Nicholas Ware Democratic-Republican 1821 (Special)
1823		 Incumbent died September 7, 1824.
Successor elected December 6, 1824.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Virginia
(Class 2)		 John Taylor Democratic-Republican 1792 (Special)
1793		 Died August 21, 1824.
Successor elected December 7, 1824.
Democratic-Republican hold.

Races leading to the 19th Congress

In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1825 (except where noted due to late election); ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Alabama William Kelly Democratic-Republican (Jackson faction) 1822 (Special) Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
Successor elected in 1824.[7]
Jacksonian gain.
Connecticut James Lanman Democratic-Republican (Crawford faction) 1818 Incumbent re-elected in 1824[8] but disqualified.
Democratic-Republican loss.
Georgia John Elliott Democratic-Republican (Crawford faction) 1819 Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
Successor elected in 1824.[9]
Jacksonian gain.
Illinois Ninian Edwards Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction) 1818
1819		 Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
Successor elected in 1824 on the tenth ballot.[10]
Jacksonian gain.
Indiana Waller Taylor Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction) 1816
1818		 Incumbent retired.
Successor elected in 1825 on the fourth ballot.[11]
Anti-Jacksonian gain.
Kentucky Isham Talbot Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction) 1815 (Special)
1819 (Lost or retired)
1820 (Special)		 Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
Successor elected in 1824.[12]
Jacksonian gain.
  • Y John Rowan (Jacksonian)
  • [data unknown/missing]
Louisiana Josiah S. Johnston Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction) 1824 Incumbent re-elected in 1825 on the second ballot as an Anti-Jacksonian.[13]
Maryland Edward Lloyd Democratic-Republican (Crawford faction) 1819 Incumbent re-elected in 1825 as a Jacksonian.
Missouri David Barton Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction) 1821 Incumbent re-elected in 1824 as an Anti-Jacksonian.[15]
New Hampshire John F. Parrott Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction) 1818 Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
Successor elected in 1825 on the forty-first ballot.[lower-alpha 1][16]
Jacksonian gain.
Successor seated late March 16, 1825.
New York Rufus King Federalist (Adams-Clay faction) 1789
1795
1796 (Resigned)
1813
1819/1820		 Incumbent retired.
Vacant due to a deadlock in the New York State Legislature.[17][18]
Federalist loss.
North Carolina Nathaniel Macon Democratic-Republican (Crawford faction) 1815 (Special)
1818		 Incumbent re-elected in 1824 as a Jacksonian.[19]
Ohio Ethan Allen Brown Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction) 1822 (Special) Incumbent lost re-election.
Successor elected in 1825 on the fourth ballot.[20]
Anti-Jacksonian gain.
Pennsylvania Walter Lowrie Democratic-Republican (Crawford faction) 1818 Incumbent retired.
Successor elected in February 1825 on the thirty-second ballot.[21]
Anti-Jacksonian gain.
South Carolina John Gaillard Democratic-Republican (Crawford faction) 1804 (Special)
1806
1812
1818		 Incumbent re-elected in 1824 on the second ballot as a Jacksonian.[22]
Vermont William A. Palmer Democratic-Republican (Adams-Clay faction) 1818 (Special)
1818		 Incumbent retired.
Successor elected in 1824 on the fourth ballot.[23]
Anti-Jacksonian gain.

Special elections during the 19th Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated in 1825 after March 4; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Connecticut
(Class 3)		 Vacant Vacant due to credentials challenge.
Successor elected May 4, 1825.
Anti-Jacksonian gain.
Rhode Island
(Class 2)		 James DeWolf Anti-Jacksonian 1820 or 1821 Incumbent resigned October 31, 1825.
Successor elected October 31, 1825.
Anti-Jacksonian hold.

Alabama
See also: List of United States senators from Alabama

Connecticut
See also: List of United States senators from Connecticut

Connecticut (1824 Special)
See also: List of United States senators from Connecticut

Connecticut (1825 Special)
See also: List of United States senators from Connecticut

Delaware (Specials)
See also: List of United States senators from Delaware

Georgia
See also: List of United States senators from Georgia

Georgia (Special)
See also: List of United States senators from Georgia

Illinois
See also: List of United States senators from Illinois

Illinois (Special)
See also: List of United States senators from Illinois

Indiana
See also: List of United States senators from Indiana

Kentucky
See also: List of United States senators from Kentucky

Louisiana
See also: List of United States senators from Louisiana

Louisiana (Specials)
See also: List of United States senators from Louisiana

Maryland
See also: List of United States senators from Maryland

Missouri
See also: List of United States senators from Missouri

New Hampshire
See also: List of United States senators from New Hampshire

New York
Main article: 1825–1826 United States Senate election in New York
See also: List of United States senators from New York

North Carolina
See also: List of United States senators from North Carolina

Ohio
See also: List of United States senators from Ohio

Pennsylvania
Main article: 1824–1825 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania
See also: List of United States senators from Pennsylvania

Rhode Island (Special)
See also: List of United States senators from Rhode Island

South Carolina
See also: List of United States senators from South Carolina

Vermont
See also: List of United States senators from Vermont

Virginia (Special)
See also: List of United States senators from Virginia

See also

Notes
  1. There were 36 ballots in 1824 in which the New Hampshire House of Representatives and New Hampshire Senate would not agree on a U.S. Senator. Balloting continued into 1825, and Woodbury was finally elected on the 5th ballot.

References
  1. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  2. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  3. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  4. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  5. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  6. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  7. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  8. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  9. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  10. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  11. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  12. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  13. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  14. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  15. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  16. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  17. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  18. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  19. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  20. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  21. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  22. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  23. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
  24. "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu.
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