1916 United States Senate elections

The United States Senate elections of 1916 were elections that coincided with the re-election of Democratic President Woodrow Wilson. Republicans gained a net pick-up of one seat from the Democrats. A 1916 special election gave Republicans a second seat.

For related races, see 1916 United States elections.
1916 United States Senate elections
November 7, 1916
(September 11, 1916 in Maine)
32 of the 96 seats in the U.S. Senate
(as well as special elections)
49 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader John W. Kern
(Conference Chairman)		 Jacob H. Gallinger
(Conference Chairman)
Party Democratic Republican
Leader's seat Indiana New Hampshire
Seats before 56 40
Seats won 16[lower-alpha 1] 16[lower-alpha 1]
Seats after 55[lower-alpha 1] 41[lower-alpha 1]
Seat change 1[lower-alpha 1] 1[lower-alpha 1]
Seats up 17 15
Results including special elections
     Democratic gains      Republican gains
     Democratic holds      Republican holds
Majority conference chairman before election

John W. Kern
Democratic

 Elected Majority conference chairman

Thomas S. Martin
Democratic

Senate Party Division, 65th Congress (1917–1919)

Majority Party: Democratic (54 seats)

Minority Party: Republican (42 seats)

Other Parties: 0

Total Seats: 96

Gains and losses

Republicans picked up seven seats:

Democrats picked up five seats:

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

At the beginning of 1916.

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39 D40
Ran		 D41
Ran		 D42
Ran		 D43
Ran		 D44
Ran		 D45
Ran		 D46
Ran		 D47
Ran		 D48
Ran
Majority → D49
Ran
R39
Retired		 R40
Retired		 D56
Retired		 D55
Ran		 D54
Ran		 D53
Ran		 D52
Ran		 D51
Ran		 D50
Ran
R38
Retired		 R37
Ran		 R36
Ran		 R35
Ran		 R34
Ran		 R33
Ran		 R32
Ran		 R31
Ran		 R30
Ran		 R29
Ran
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26
Ran		 R27
Ran		 R28
Ran
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8

After the general elections
  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D38 D40
Re-elected		 D41
Re-elected		 D42
Re-elected		 D43
Re-elected		 D44
Re-elected		 D45
Re-elected		 D46
Re-elected		 D47
Re-elected		 D48
Re-elected
Majority → D49
Hold
R39
Gain		 R40
Gain		 R41
Gain		 D55
Gain		 D54
Gain		 D53
Gain		 D52
Gain		 D51
Gain		 D50
Hold
R38
Gain		 R37
Gain		 R36
Gain		 R35
Hold		 R34
Hold		 R33
Hold		 R32
Re-elected		 R31
Re-elected		 R30
Re-elected		 R29
Re-elected
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26
Re-elected		 R27
Re-elected		 R28
Re-elected
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8

After the special elections
  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39 D40 D41 D42 D43 D44 D45 D46 D47 D48
Majority → D49
R39 R40 R41
Hold		 R42
Ind.
Gain		 D54
Hold		 D53 D52 D51 D50
R38 R37 R36 R35 R34 R33 R32 R31 R30 R29
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8
Key:
D# Democratic
R# Republican

Race summaries

Special elections during the 64th Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated during 1916 or before March 4, 1917; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Maine
(Class 2)		 Edwin C. Burleigh Republican 1913 Incumbent died June 16, 1916.
A new senator elected September 11, 1916.
Republican hold.
Arkansas
(Class 3)		 James Paul Clarke Democratic 1903
1909
1914		 Incumbent died October 1, 1916.
Winner elected November 7, 1916.[2]
Democratic hold.
Indiana
(Class 3)		 Thomas Taggart Democratic 1916 (Appointed) Interim appointee lost election to finish term.
Winner elected November 7, 1916.[3]
Republican gain.

Elections leading to the 65th Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1917; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Arizona Henry F. Ashurst Democratic 1912 Incumbent re-elected.
California John D. Works Republican 1911 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.[5]
Republican hold.
Connecticut George P. McLean Republican 1911 Incumbent re-elected.[6]
Delaware Henry A. du Pont Republican 1906 (Special)
1911		 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.[7]
Democratic gain.
Florida Nathan P. Bryan Democratic 1911 (Appointed)
1911 (Special)		 Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.[8]
Democratic hold.
  • Y Park Trammell (Democratic), 82.86%
  • William O'Neal (Republican), 12.45%
  • R. L. Goodwin (Socialist), 4.69%
Indiana John W. Kern Democratic 1911 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.[9]
Republican gain.
  • Y Harry Stewart New (Republican), 47.77%
  • John W. Kern (Democratic), 46.14%
  • Joseph Zimmerman (Socialist), 3.06%
  • Elwood Haynes (Prohibition), 2.21%
  • John N. Dyer (Progressive), 0.61%
  • Ira Decker (Socialist Labor), 0.22%
Maine Charles Fletcher Johnson Democratic 1910 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected September 11, 1916.[10]
Republican gain.
Maryland Blair Lee I Democratic 1913 (Special) Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.[11][12]
Republican gain.
  • Y Joseph I. France (Republican), 49.32%
  • David John Lewis (Democratic), 47.62%
  • James Frizzell (Prohibition), 1.44%
  • Sylvester Young (Socialist), 1.12%
  • Frank Lang (Labor), 0.5%
Massachusetts Henry Cabot Lodge Republican 1893
1899
1905
1911		 Incumbent re-elected.[13]
Michigan Charles E. Townsend Republican 1910 Incumbent re-elected.[13]
  • Y Charles E. Townsend (Republican), 56.34%
  • Lawrence Price (Democratic), 39.85%
  • E. O. Foss (Socialist), 2.41%
  • John Y. Johnston (Prohibition), 1.17%
  • Herman Richter (Socialist Labor), 0.14%
Minnesota Moses E. Clapp Republican 1901 (Special)
1905
1911		 Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.[14][15]
Republican hold.
  • Y Frank B. Kellogg (Republican), 48.58%
  • Daniel Lawler (Democratic), 30.84%
  • Willis Calderwood (Prohibition), 20.58%
Mississippi John Sharp Williams Democratic 1908 (Early) Incumbent re-elected.[16]
Missouri James A. Reed Democratic 1910 Incumbent re-elected.[17]
Montana Henry L. Myers Democratic 1911 Incumbent re-elected.[18]
Nebraska Gilbert Hitchcock Democratic 1911 Incumbent re-elected.[19]
Nevada Key Pittman Democratic 1913 (Special) Incumbent re-elected.[20]
  • Y Key Pittman (Democratic), 38.81%
  • Samuel Platt (Republican), 32.28%
  • Ashley G. Miller (Socialist), 28.91%
New Jersey James Edgar Martine Democratic 1911 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.[21]
Republican gain.
New Mexico Thomas B. Catron Republican 1912 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.[22]
Democratic gain.
  • Y Andrieus A. Jones (Democratic), 51.01%
  • Frank Hubbell (Republican), 45.95%
  • W. P. Metcalf (Socialist), 3.04%
New York James Aloysius O'Gorman Democratic 1911 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.
North Dakota Porter J. McCumber Republican 1911 Incumbent re-elected.[23]
Ohio Atlee Pomerene Democratic 1911 Incumbent re-elected.[24]
Pennsylvania George T. Oliver Republican 1909 (Special)
1911		 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.[25]
Republican hold.
  • Y Philander C. Knox (Republican), 56.31%
  • Ellis Orvis (Democratic), 37.25%
  • Charles Ervin (Socialist), 3.76%
  • Herbert T. Ames (Prohibition), 2.49%
  • Robert C. Macauley (Single Tax), 0.12%
Rhode Island Henry F. Lippitt Republican 1910 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.[26]
Democratic gain.
  • Y Peter G. Gerry (Democratic), 52.94%
  • Henry F. Lippitt (Republican), 44.12%
  • Frederick Hurst (Socialist), 2.25%
  • Frank J. Sibley (Prohibition), 0.51%
  • Peter McDermott (Socialist Labor), 0.19%
Tennessee Luke Lea Democratic 1911 Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.[25]
Democratic hold.
Texas Charles Allen Culberson Democratic 1899
1905
1911		 Incumbent re-elected.[27]
  • Y Charles Allen Culberson (Democratic), 81.3%
  • Alex Atcheson (Republican), 13.09%
  • F. A. Hickey (Socialist), 4.99%
  • F. H. Combeau (Prohibition), 0.62%
Utah George Sutherland Republican 1905
1911		 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.[28]
Democratic gain.
Vermont Carroll S. Page Republican 1908 (Special)
1910		 Incumbent re-elected.[29]
  • Y Carroll S. Page (Republican), 74.41%
  • Oscar C. Miller (Democratic), 23.5%
  • Norman Greenslet (Socialist), 2.1%
Virginia Claude A. Swanson Democratic 1910 (Appointed)
1911 (Appointed)
1912 (Special)		 Incumbent re-elected.[30]
Washington Miles Poindexter Republican 1910 Incumbent re-elected.[31]
  • Y Miles Poindexter (Republican), 55.39%
  • George Turner (Democratic), 37.06%
  • Bruce Rogers (Socialist), 5.95%
  • Joseph Campbell (Prohibition), 1.21%
  • Walter J. Thompson (Progressive), 0.4%
West Virginia William E. Chilton Democratic 1911 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.[32]
Republican gain.
Wisconsin Robert M. La Follette, Sr. Republican 1905
1911		 Incumbent re-elected.[33]
Wyoming Clarence D. Clark Republican 1911 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.[34]
Democratic gain.

Indiana

One-term Democrat John W. Kern was elected in 1911. He lost re-election to Republican Harry Stewart New.

Indiana (Special)

Two-term Democrat Benjamin F. Shively was re-elected in 1914 but died March 14, 1916. Democrat Thomas Taggart was appointed March 20, 1916 to continue the term until a November 7, 1916 special election. Taggart lost the special election to Republican James Eli Watson, who served out the term and would seek re-election in 1920.

See also

Notes
  1. An additional Democratic seat was gained by a Republican in an Indiana special election.

References
  1. "ME US Senate - Special Election Race - September 11, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  2. "AR US Senate Special Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  3. "IN US Senate - Special Election Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  4. "AZ US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  5. "CA US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  6. "CT US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  7. "DE US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  8. "FL US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  9. "IN US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  10. "ME US Senate Race - September 11, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  11. "MD US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  12. "MD US Senate - D Primary Race - May 1, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  13. "MA US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  14. "MN US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  15. "MN US Senate - R Primary Race - June 19, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  16. "MS US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  17. "MO US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  18. "MT US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  19. "NE US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  20. "NV US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  21. "NJ US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  22. "NM US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  23. "ND US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  24. "OH US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  25. "PA US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  26. "RI US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  27. "TX US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  28. "UT US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  29. "VT US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  30. "VA US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  31. "WA US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  32. "WV US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  33. "WI US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  34. "WY US Senate Race - November 7, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
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