87th United States Congress

The Eighty-seventh United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 1961, to January 3, 1963, during the final weeks of the administration of U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower and the first two years of the administration of U.S. President John Kennedy. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Seventeenth Census of the United States in 1950, along with 2 seats temporarily added in 1959 (one member each from recently admitted states of Alaska and Hawaii). Both chambers had a Democratic majority.

87th United States Congress
86th ←
→ 88th
January 3, 1961 – January 3, 1963
Senate PresidentRichard Nixon (R)
until January 20, 1961
Lyndon B. Johnson (D)
from January 20, 1961
Senate President pro temCarl Hayden (D)
House SpeakerSam Rayburn (D)
John W. McCormack (D)
Members100 senators
437 members of the House
Senate MajorityDemocratic
House MajorityDemocratic
Sessions
1st: January 3, 1961 – September 27, 1961
2nd: January 10, 1962 – October 13, 1962

Major events
Main articles: 1961 in the United States, 1962 in the United States, and 1963 in the United States
  • January 3, 1961: President Eisenhower severed diplomatic and consular relations with Cuba.
  • January 20, 1961: Inauguration of President John F. Kennedy.
  • April 17, 1961: Bay of Pigs Invasion of Cuba began; it fails by April 19.
  • May 4, 1961: Freedom Riders began interstate bus rides to test the new U.S. Supreme Court integration decision.
  • May 5, 1961: Alan Shepard became the first American in space aboard Mercury-Redstone 3.
  • May 25, 1961: President Kennedy announced his goal to put a man on the Moon before the end of the decade
  • November 20: 1961: Funeral of Speaker Sam Rayburn, who died on November 16
  • February 3, 1962: Embargo against Cuba was announced
  • February 20, 1962: John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth
  • March 26, 1962: Supreme Court ruled that federal courts could order state legislatures to reapportion seats (Baker v. Carr)
  • October 1, 1962: James Meredith registered as the first black student at the University of Mississippi, escorted by Federal Marshals.
  • October 14, 1962 - October 28, 1962: Cuban Missile Crisis

Major legislation
Senate President Lyndon Johnson (L) and House Speaker Sam Rayburn seated behind President John Kennedy who is announcing the Apollo program, May 25, 1961
Main article: List of United States federal legislation

Constitutional amendments
The official Joint Resolution of Congress proposing what became the 24th Amendment as contained in the National Archives

Party summary

Senate
Party
(shading shows control)		 Total Vacant
Democratic
(D)		 Republican
(R)
End of previous congress 66 34 100 0
Begin 65 35 100 0
End 62 37 991
Final voting share 62.6% 37.4%
Beginning of next congress 65 33 98 2

House of Representatives
Party
(shading shows control)		 Total Vacant
Democratic
(D)		 Republican
(R)
End of previous congress 281 151 432 5
Begin 263 174 437 0
End 260 4343
Final voting share 59.9% 40.1%
Beginning of next congress 258 176 434 1

Leadership
Senate President
Richard Nixon (R)
Until January 20, 1961
Lyndon B. Johnson (D)
From January 20, 1961
Senate President pro tempore
Carl Hayden (D)

Senate

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

House of Representatives
House Speaker
Sam Rayburn (D)
Until November 16, 1961
(1st session)
John W. McCormack (D)
From January 10, 1962
(2nd session)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

Caucuses

Members

Senate

Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1962; Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1964; and Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1966.

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Changes in membership

Senate
See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate
State
(class)		 Vacator Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[lower-alpha 1]
Texas
(2)		 William A. Blakley (D) Lost special election.
Successor elected June 14, 1961.		 John Tower (R) June 15, 1961
New Hampshire
(2)		 Styles Bridges (R) Died November 26, 1961.
Successor appointed January 10, 1962.		 Maurice J. Murphy Jr. (R) January 10, 1962
Kansas
(2)		 Andrew Frank Schoeppel (R) Died January 21, 1962.
Successor appointed January 31, 1962, and then elected November 6, 1962.		 James B. Pearson (R) January 31, 1962
South Dakota
(3)		 Francis H. Case (R) Died June 23, 1962.
Successor appointed July 9, 1962 to finish the term.		 Joseph H. Bottum (R) July 9, 1962
Idaho
(2)		 Henry Dworshak (R) Died July 23, 1962.
Successor appointed August 6, 1962, and then elected November 6, 1962.		 Leonard B. Jordan (R) August 6, 1962
Wyoming
(2)		 John J. Hickey (D) Lost special election.
Successor elected November 6, 1962.		 Milward Simpson (R) November 6, 1962
Massachusetts
(1)		 Benjamin A. Smith II (D) Successor elected November 6, 1962. Ted Kennedy (D) November 7, 1962
New Hampshire
(2)		 Maurice J. Murphy Jr. (R) Lost special election.
Successor elected November 6, 1962.		 Thomas J. McIntyre (D) November 7, 1962
New Mexico
(1)		 Dennis Chávez (D) Died November 18, 1962.
Successor appointed November 30, 1962 to continue the term.		 Edwin L. Mechem (R) November 30, 1962
Oklahoma
(2)		 Robert S. Kerr (D) Died January 1, 1963. Vacant Not filled this term

House of Representatives
See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives
District Vacator Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[lower-alpha 1]
Arizona 2nd Stewart Udall (D) Resigned January 18, 1961 to become United States Secretary of the Interior. Mo Udall (D) May 2, 1961
Arkansas 6th William F. Norrell (D) Died February 15, 1961. Catherine Dorris Norrell (D) April 18, 1961
Pennsylvania 16th Walter M. Mumma (R) Died February 25, 1961. John C. Kunkel (R) May 16, 1961
Tennessee 1st B. Carroll Reece (R) Died March 19, 1961. Louise Goff Reece (R) May 16, 1961
Louisiana 4th Overton Brooks (D) Died September 16, 1961. Joe Waggonner (D) December 19, 1961
Michigan 1st Thaddeus M. Machrowicz (D) Resigned September 18, 1961 to become judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan. Lucien Nedzi (D) November 7, 1961
Texas 20th Paul J. Kilday (D) Resigned September 24, 1961 to become judge of United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces. Henry B. González (D) November 4, 1961
Michigan 14th Louis C. Rabaut (D) Died November 12, 1961. Harold M. Ryan (D) February 13, 1962
Texas 4th Sam Rayburn (D) Died November 16, 1961. Ray Roberts (D) January 30, 1962
Texas 13th Frank N. Ikard (D) Resigned December 15, 1961. Graham B. Purcell Jr. (D) January 27, 1962
New York 6th Lester Holtzman (D) Resigned December 31, 1961 to become judge of the New York Supreme Court. Benjamin Stanley Rosenthal (D) February 20, 1962
South Carolina 2nd John J. Riley (D) Died January 1, 1962. Corinne Boyd Riley (D) April 10, 1962
New Jersey 11th Hugh Joseph Addonizio (D) Resigned June 30, 1962 to become Mayor of Newark, New Jersey. Vacant Not filled this term
California 1st Clement Woodnutt Miller (D) Died October 7, 1962.
Mississippi 3rd Frank Ellis Smith (D) Resigned November 14, 1962.

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (2 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees
  • Atomic Energy (Chairman: Rep. Chet Holifield; Vice Chairman: Sen. [[]])
  • Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
  • Construction of a Building for a Museum of History and Technology for the Smithsonian
  • Defense Production (Chairman: Sen. A. Willis Robertson; Vice Chairman: Rep. [[]])
  • Economic (Chairman: Rep. Wright Patman; Vice Chairman: Sen. [[]])
  • Immigration and Nationality Policy (Chairman: Vacant; Vice Chairman: Vacant)
  • Legislative Budget
  • The Library (Chairman: Rep. Omar Burleson; Vice Chairman: Sen. [[]])
  • Navajo-Hopi Indian Administration
  • Printing (Chairman: Rep. Carl Hayden; Vice Chairman: Sen. [[]])
  • Reduction of Nonessential Federal Expenditures (Chairman: Sen. Harry F. Byrd; Vice Chairman: Rep. [[]])
  • Taxation (Chairman: Rep. Wilbur D. Mills; Vice Chairman: Sen. [[]])

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

Notes
  1. This is the date the member was seated or an oath administered, not necessarily the same date her/his service began.

References
    • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
    • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
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