Urban Employment Area

A map of Tokyo UEA in 2010.
A map showing Kobe, Osaka, Kyoto, and Nagoya UEAs in 2010.

Urban Employment Area (都市雇用圏, Toshi Koyō-ken) is a definition of metropolitan areas, defined by the Center for Spatial Information Service of the University of Tokyo. Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry defined 233 areas for the UEAs of Japan.[1] It is different from the definition of metropolitan areas defined in census by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. For the latter scheme, see the List of metropolitan areas in Japan article.

The basic principle of UEA is similar to that of the Statistics Bureau definition; a central city and its associated outlying municipalities with certain amounts of commuters. A UEA with at least 50,000 DID (Densely Inhabited District) population is called Metropolitan Employment Area (大都市雇用圏, Dai-toshi Koyō-ken) or MEA for short in English. A UEA with at least 10,000 and less than 50,000 DID population is called Micropolitan Employment Area (小都市雇用圏, Shō-toshi Koyō-ken) or McEA for short in English.

Definition

Central city
  • If a municipality has at least 10,000 DID population, and is not a suburb of any other municipalities, it is defined as a central city.
  • Even if a municipality is a suburb of another, it can still be defined as a central city. In this case, a municipality must have workers working there more than those living there. It must also have the DID population of at least 10,000, or a third of the population of the central city.
Suburb
  • If a municipality A has more than 10% of its population commuting to a central city B, A is defined as a (primary) suburb of B.
    • If there are multiple such cities for a suburb A, the one with the most commuters from A is defined as A's central city.
  • If a municipality A has more than 10% of its population commuting to another suburb B, and if no other municipalities have more commuters from A, A is defined as a secondary suburb or lower of B.
  • If a municipality A has more than 10% of its population commuting to B and vice versa, the one with the higher percentage of commuters is defined as a suburb of another.
  • If a central city comprises multiple municipalities, numbers of commuters to all those municipalities are counted for the calculations above.

Top 100 Urban Employment Areas in Japan

Source: Urban Employment Area (UEA) Code Table, "地域経済の将来動向分析に関する調査研究" [A study on the future trend analysis of the regional economy] (in Japanese).

  • W/L here is jūgyō jōjū jinkōhi (従業常住人口比), the ratio of workers in the area, against the number of workers living in the area.
  • DID population here is a population of central city. If an area has multiple central cities, only the most populous one among them is counted.
  • A 2010 population decrease from 2005 is written in red figures.
  • Metropolitan Employment Area (MEA) is listed on white background. Micropolitan Employment Area (McEA) is listed on yellow background.
  • Prefectural capital is numbered with blue background.
  • 1980 ranks exclude Kurashiki MEA, which was merged with Okayama MEA in 2000. Those under No. 100 are marked as "-".
2010 1980 NamePop.
(2010)		 Pop.
(1980)		 DID
(2010)		 W/L
(2010)		 GDP
(in billion US$)
(2010)[2][3]
11Tokyo MEA (ja)34,498,97926,624,0038,945,6951.621,797.9
22Osaka MEA (ja)12,238,81411,170,0182,664,8191.73516.8
33Nagoya MEA (ja)5,490,4534,538,8322,216,8451.23256.3
44Kyoto MEA (ja)2,679,0942,361,2051,403,6311.12115.3
56Fukuoka MEA (ja)2,495,5521,773,1291,405,7001.21101.6
65Kobe MEA (ja)2,431,0762,047,5611,440,4111.0396.0
77Sapporo MEA (ja)2,341,5991,751,9961,846,3991.0184.7
810Sendai MEA1,574,9421,248,616931,6771.1361.7
914Okayama MEA1,532,146750,188478,9931.0663.1
1054Maebashi MEA1,453,528341,331200,6751.0759.8
119Hiroshima MEA1,411,8481,327,1981,012,1981.0361.3
128Kitakyushu MEA1,370,1691,524,747877,8331.0555.7
1313Hamamatsu MEA1,133,879825,503477,6480.9954.3
1425Utsunomiya MEA1,120,057547,545384,5831.0750.7
1512Kumamoto MEA1,102,398836,892579,3181.0439.8
1615Niigata MEA1,071,152726,983583,3291.0243.3
1711Shizuoka MEA1,001,597966,074625,1471.0545.8
1816Gifu MEA831,430711,981291,2541.0432.2
1920Naha MEA830,525616,010314,9511.1926.8
2022Takamatsu MEA830,040592,555212,8031.0934.7
2124Nagasaki MEA803,828553,101327,7911.0627.9
2219Kanazawa MEA743,647626,523377,4191.1331.7
2317Himeji MEA743,427709,219384,1371.0333.6
2421Oita MEA743,323608,653326,5411.0428.9
2518Kagoshima MEA731,477662,737489,6991.0226.4
2679Tsukuba MEA725,858216,33774,9371.1937.1
2736Tokushima MEA680,467478,772186,7031.1628.4
2828Mito MEA678,969532,911167,7571.1830.3
2927Toyohashi MEA676,333540,880266,7700.9631.0
3039Fukui MEA660,910454,495167,5181.1728.7
3132Toyama MEA646,574504,353223,2501.1149.5[4]
3226Matsuyama MEA642,841542,188428,2011.0124.5
3329Yokkaichi MEA621,689522,233211,2691.0729.1
3430Fukuyama MEA612,988517,514254,7211.0131.5
3531Nagano MEA602,781514,136253,3511.0724.9
3637Kofu MEA601,592476,543161,2341.2125.2
3723Wakayama MEA584,852566,668284,2271.0824.6
3855Koriyama MEA554,194341,004239,4961.0920.2
3940Yamagata MEA544,518415,965178,4101.1120.0
4034Kochi MEA534,981490,401276,0871.0417.5
4166Tsu MEA512,296280,045134,3151.0423.8
4235Numazu MEA509,249487,606166,1641.1222.9
4348Miyazaki MEA506,332356,771276,9021.0218.2
4456Toyota MEA481,585340,596241,3521.1728.3
4545Morioka MEA474,395382,706230,4471.1117.9
4653Fukushima MEA456,996343,063187,9061.0618.0
4746Matsumoto MEA450,869371,850145,1461.1118.5
4894Ota MEA449,748161,94581,7791.1321.6
4944Kurume MEA432,441384,264183,5471.0016.8
5043Akita MEA412,968384,718254,9701.0816.0
5163Okazaki MEA410,287297,404278,9820.8818.4
5260Saga MEA405,062304,703138,8581.1215.2
5352Fuji MEA395,039345,720201,7511.0218.1
5442Asahikawa MEA386,048394,532319,7171.0114.3
5568Nagaoka MEA368,043274,394133,2771.0415.7
5647Hitachi MEA364,860368,405161,8031.1517.2
5741Hakodate MEA355,622395,403240,1011.0512.7
5851Iwaki MEA347,667347,408164,7570.9913.0
59-Narita MEA337,076-74,3791.5516.7
6058Hachinohe MEA335,854331,608160,7201.0812.5
6162Odawara MEA335,188302,668172,6030.94-
6257Aomori MEA325,458336,677229,7421.0312.3
6365Ogaki MEA323,221280,94592,9611.0913.0
64-Yamaguchi MEA313,239147,86791,9311.0214.6
6550Takaoka MEA309,264347,64587,6151.0249.5[4]
6667Hirosaki MEA305,342278,234121,1091.1010.6
6761Sasebo MEA304,578304,678152,9511.0211.1
6882Matsue MEA292,366205,031104,9251.0811.7
6949Shimonoseki MEA280,947348,875184,0340.9812.1
7075Okinawa MEA277,006236,398112,7480.967.1
71-Kamisu McEA276,786-21,4811.16
7264Shunan MEA273,489295,50691,2531.0813.0
7378Obihiro MEA262,600221,659150,3371.089.9
74-Kariya MEA258,206137,173115,4211.3915.4
75-Nasushiobara McEA257,649100,08331,6540.92
7669Omuta MEA246,849254,723102,3081.088.6
7787Miyakonojo MEA243,623189,06566,0791.088.5
7859Kure MEA239,973320,342163,6800.9811.0
7974Tottori MEA239,829239,97299,4721.078.4
8077Joetsu MEA239,356227,94783,6751.009.9
8176Ube MEA238,322229,72990,7991.0110.7
8270Yonago MEA234,641246,58173,1071.078.1
8384Niihama MEA233,826196,48389,2381.049.3
8483Aizuwakamatsu MEA232,992197,67288,0131.119.0
85-Higashiomi McEA230,251-31,6540.91
86-Komatsu McEA229,000141,58234,1621.02
87-Sanjo MEA222,512109,38652,0831.099.7
88-Higashihiroshima McEA218,779-46,6980.97
89-Koga MEA217,535-51,0800.909.2
9080Ueda MEA217,412205,77552,4811.038.8
9186Oyama MEA216,948190,19492,8711.029.7
9285Ishinomaki MEA213,780194,68094,3421.027.9
9372Kushiro MEA213,616242,331160,6021.008.2
94-Handa MEA211,880144,056103,8870.999.1
95-Osaki McEA210,78965,52537,0020.97
96-Nakatsu McEA208,90197,81725,5391.05
97-Suwa McEA204,875114,70516,6371.13
9873Muroran MEA200,231241,37177,2221.197.4
99-Kakegawa McEA198,10464,84329,8661.03
10088Iizuka MEA196,546188,42053,6221.027.2

These areas have multiple central cities. Municipal names are as of 2010.

These areas changed their names between 1980 and 2000, as the most populated central cities have changed.

  • Tsuchiura UEA changed to Tsukuba UEA after 1995.
  • Kimitsu UEA changed to Kisarazu UEA after 1990.

See also

References

  1. ↑ 経済産業省の地域政策におけるエリア概念について (PDF) (Report) (in Japanese). 2014. p. 3.
  2. ↑ Yoshitsugu Kanemoto. "Metropolitan Employment Area (MEA) Data". Center for Spatial Information Science, The University of Tokyo.
  3. ↑ Conversion rates - Exchange rates - OECD Data
  4. 1 2 Toyama-Takaoka MEA
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