Telugu cinema

Telugu cinema
No. of screens 2809 screens in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana states of India[1]
Main distributors Arka Media Works
Suresh Productions
Sri Venkateswara Creations
Geetha Arts
14 Reels Entertainment
PVP Cinema
Prasad Art Pictures
Usha Kiron Movies
Vyjayanthi Movies
Annapurna Studios

Telugu cinema, also known by its sobriquet Tollywood, is the segment of Indian cinema dedicated to the production of motion pictures in the Telugu language, based in Film Nagar, a neighborhood of Hyderabad.[2] [3]

Since 1909, film maker Raghupathi Venkaiah Naidu father of Telugu cinema, was involved in producing short films and travelling to different regions in Asia to promote film work. In 1921, he produced the first Telugu silent film, Bhishma Pratigna. He is cited as the father of Telugu cinema.[4][5][6] In 1933, East India Film Company has produced its first Indian film, Savitri in Telugu. The film was based on a popular stage play by Mylavaram Bala Bharathi Samajam, directed by father of the "Telugu theatre Movement" Chittajallu Pullaiah and cast stage actors Vemuri Gaggaiah and Dasari Ramathilakam as "Yama" and "Savithri" respectively.[7] The film was shot with a budget of estimated ₹1 million (US$14,000) in Calcutta.[8] The blockbuster film has received an honorary diploma at the 2nd Venice International Film Festival.[9]

The first film studio in South India, Durga Cinetone, was built in 1936 by Nidamarthi Surayya in Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh.[10] The 1951 film Patala Bhairavi was the only South Indian film screened at the first India International Film Festival,[11][12] held in Mumbai on 24 January 1952.[13][14][15] CNN-IBN listed Patala Bhairavi (1951), Malliswari (1951), Devadasu (1953), Mayabazar (1957), Nartanasala (1963), Maro Charitra (1978), Maa Bhoomi (1979), Sankarabharanam (1979), Sagara Sangamam (1983), and Siva (1989), among The 100 Greatest Indian Films of All Time.[16] In the years 2005, 2006, 2008, and 2014 the industry has produced the largest number of films in India, exceeding the number of films produced in Bollywood.[17][18]

The industry holds the Guinness World Record for the largest film production facility in the world, Ramoji Film City.[19] The Prasads IMAX located in Hyderabad is one of the largest 3D IMAX screens, and the most attended cinema screen in the world.[20][21][22] As per the CBFC report of 2014, the industry is placed first in India, in terms of films produced yearly.[23] The industry holds a memorandum of understanding with the Motion Picture Association of America to combat video piracy.[24][25][26] The Baahubali (franchise) produced by Tollywood studio Arka Media Works is the highest grossing Indian multilingual film of all time globally with a cumulative box office earnings of approximately ₹2,000 crore (US$280 million).[27][28][29][30]

History

Early development

The father of Telugu cinema

Raghupathi Venkaiah Naidu.

Promotional poster of Bhakta Prahlada the first full length Telugu talkie produced and directed by H. M. Reddy to have a theatrical release.[31]

The Telugu film industry was originated with silent films in 1912, with the production and release of Anusha Adusumalli in 1921 [32] The film was directed by Raghupathi Venkaiah Naidu and his son R. S. Prakash.[33] On the other hand, Yaragudipati Varada Rao and, R. S. Prakash Rao have established a long-lasting precedent of focusing exclusively on religious themes; Nandanar, Gajendra Moksham, and Matsyavatar, three of their most noted productions, centred on religious figures, parables, and morals.[34] In 1935, Andhra Cine Tone was built in Visakhapatnam by Gottumukkala Jagannadha Raju. He introduced digital theater sound with the 1935 film Jagadamba.[35]

Rise of the "talkie"

The first Telugu film with audible dialogue, Bhakta Prahlada, was produced by H.M. Reddy, who directed the first South Indian talkie Kalidas (1931). Bhakta Prahlada was completed on 15 September 1931,[36] which henceforth became known as "Telugu Film Day" to commemorate its completion.[37][38][39] Popularly known as talkies, films with sound quickly grew in number and popularity. In 1934, the industry saw its first major commercial success with Lavakusa. Directed by C. Pullaiah and starring Parupalli Subbarao and Sriranjani in lead roles, the film attracted unprecedented numbers of viewers to theatres and thrust the young industry into mainstream culture.[40] By 1936, the mass appeal of film allowed directors to move away from religious and mythological themes.[40] That year, under the direction of Krithiventi Nageswara Rao, Prema Vijayam, a film focusing on social issues, was released. Its success prompted the production of dozens of other immensely successful 'social films', notably 1939's Vandemataram, touching on societal problems like the practice of giving dowry, Telugu films increasingly focused on contemporary living: 29 of the 96 films released between 1937 and 1947 had social themes.[41]

In 1938, Gudavalli Ramabrahmam, has co-produced and directed the social problem film, Mala Pilla which dealt with the crusade against untouchability, prevailing in pre-independent India.[42][43] In 1939, he directed Raithu Bidda, starring thespian Bellary Raghava. The film was banned by the British administration in the region, for depicting the uprise of the peasantry among the Zamindar's during the British raj.[44] 1940 film, Viswa Mohini, is the first Indian film, depicting the Indian movie world. The film was directed by Y. V. Rao and scripted by Balijepalli Lakshmikanta Kavi, starring Chittor V. Nagaiah in the lead role.[45][46] 1951 film Malliswari is the first Telugu film, to be screened at International film festivals like Asia Pacific Film Festival. The film had a public release with thirteen prints along with Chinese subtitles at Beijing on 14, March 1953, and a 16 mm film print was also screened in the United States.[11][47] The film was directed by Bommireddy Narasimha Reddy, a recipient of the Dada Saheb Phalke Award, and the Doctor of Letters honour.[47]

The outbreak of World War II and the subsequent resource scarcity caused the British Raj to impose a limit on the use of filmstrip in 1943 to 11,000 feet,[48] a sharp reduction from the 20,000 feet that had been common till then.[49] As a result, the number of films produced during the war was substantially lower than in previous years. Nonetheless, before the ban, an important shift occurred in the industry: Independent studios formed, actors and actresses were signed to contracts limiting whom they could work for, and films moved from social themes to folklore legends.[50] Ghantasala Balaramayya, has directed the mythological Seetarama Jananam under his home production, Prathiba Picture, marking veteran ANR's Telugu film acting debut in 1944.[51]

Industry

Industry Motion pictures
Founded 1921
Madras Presidency
Headquarters

Chennai (1921 - 1996)

Hyderabad (1996 - present)
Website Filchamber.com
Producerscouncil.com
Thespian Akkineni Nageswara Rao founded Annapurna Studios in 1970

Moola Narayana Swamy and B. N. Reddy founded Vijaya Vauhini Studios in 1948 in the city of Chennai.[54] Indian film doyen L. V. Prasad, who started his film career with Bhakta Prahlada, founded Prasad Studios in 1956 based in Chennai.[55] However, through the efforts of D. V. S. Raju, the Telugu film industry completely shifted its base from Chennai to Hyderabad in the early 1990s, during N. T. Rama Rao's political reign.[56]

Veteran actor Akkineni Nageswara Rao relocated to Hyderabad and has developed Annapurna Studios. The Telugu film industry is one of the three largest film producers in India. About 245 Telugu films were produced in 2006, the highest in India for that year. Film studios in Hyderabad, developed by D. Ramanaidu and Ramoji Rao, are involved in prolific film production and employment.[18] There is a fair amount of dispersion among the Indian film industries. Many successful Telugu films have been largely remade by the Bengali cinema and Hindi film industries.[57]

The digital cinema network company UFO Moviez marketed by Southern Digital Screenz (SDS) has digitized several cinemas in the region.[58] [59] The Film and Television Institute of Telangana, Film and Television Institute of Andhra Pradesh, Ramanaidu Film School and Annapurna International School of Film and Media are some of the largest film schools in India.[60][61] The Telugu states consist of approximately 2800 theaters, the largest number of cinema halls of any state in India.[62]

The Nandi Awards is the most prestigious award ceremony for excellence in the production of Telugu Film, Theatre and Television. It is presented annually at Lalitha Kala Thoranam in Hyderabad,[63] by the Film, Television and Theatre Development Corporation of the Telugu state(s).[64] "Nandi" means "bull", the awards being named after the big granite bull at Lepakshi — a cultural and historical symbol of the Telugu culture.

Commercial stance

Hyderabad International Convention Center has been the Hyderabad home for Filmfare Awards South since 2007.[65][66]
S. S. Rajamouli

Known for being commercially consistent,[67] Telugu cinema had its influence over commercial cinema in India.[68] As one of the revenue generating film industries, Telugu film production accounts for one percent of the gross domestic product of the region.[67][69] [70] The 2001 film Narasimha Naidu, starring Nandamuri Balakrishna, is the first South Indian film to collect a share of over ₹ 20 crore at the box office.

The 2006 film Bommarillu was released worldwide with 72 prints. Owing to its success, the number of reels grew to about hundred.[71] It collected a distributors share of ₹5 crore in its opening week in India.[71] Released in six major metros in the United States, the film collected $73,200 (then approximately ₹0.3 crore) within the first four days of screening.[71] A 2006 survey conducted by a popular entertainment portal in the United States revealed that the film was watched by an Indian expatriate population of 65,000, which generated a revenue of ₹3 crore at that time.[72] A cumulative gross revenue for the film was reported to be as ₹25 crore including ₹3.5 crore from overseas, the largest for any Telugu film at that time. Owing to this path breaking trade, the film was remade into Tamil, Bengali, Oriya and Urdu/Hindi.[73] 2006 action film, Pokiri has been remade in Hindi, Tamil and Kannada in the following two years owing to the film's commercial success. It was screened at the IIFA film festival held in Dubai in 2006. [74] Walt Disney Pictures co-produced Anaganaga O Dheerudu, making it the first South Indian production by Disney.[75][76]

The fantasy film Magadheera (2009 ) was released to critical acclaim; with a worldwide share of ₹78.1 crore (US$13 million) making it one of the highest grossing Telugu films of the time. The film was dubbed into Malayalam, Tamil and was remade in Bengali as Yodha-The Warrior, and emerged as a box office hit. 2011 action comedy, Dookudu was released among seventy nine screens in the US, the Los Angeles Times quoted it as The biggest hit you've never heard of.[77][78][79] In the rest of north, east and west India, it opened up in 21 cities.[80] The film set a box office record by collecting a gross of more than ₹1 billion at the time.[81][82]

Eega (2012) grossed ₹1.25 billion (US$17 million) including all the dubbed versions.[83][84][85][86] In 2013, Attarintiki Daredi collected a worldwide share of ₹492 million (US$8.2 million). The film collected a worldwide share of ₹798 million (US$13 million) in three weeks, becoming the biggest Telugu film grosser of all time.[87][88] 2014 film's 1: Nenokkadine and Aagadu, became the highest opening weekend Indian film(s) in U.S. box office alongside Bollywood films like Krrish 3 and Kick.[89][90] Enhanced technology among live action animation, digital compositing, and special effects paved the way for upgrading from established cinematic norms. Visual effects based fantasy films like Magadheera, Arundhati, Eega emerged as blockbusters.[91]

The 2015 epic film Baahubali: The Beginning received critical acclaim for its visual effects, production design, narration and background score.[92][93][94][95] The film became the highest grossing Indian film within India,[96] the third highest grossing Indian film globally, the first and only South Indian film to gross over ₹ 650 crore (6.5 billion) worldwide, the first non-Hindi film to gross over ₹ 100 crore (1 billion) in the dubbed Hindi version, and the highest grossing Telugu film of all time.[97] The Beginning is nominated for Saturn Award for Best Fantasy Film by the American Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films.[98]

Critical reception

K. Viswanath

Vasiraju Prakasam and K. N. T. Sastry are one of the noted Indian film critics from the state.[99][100] The industry is one of the largest producers of folklore, fantasy, mythological and melodrama films.[101][102][103] Film makers like Kadiri Venkata Reddy, B. Vittalacharya and Kodi Ramakrishna have pioneered this genre.[12][101][104] Mayabazar and Patala Bhairavi got critical acclaim at the inaugural International Film Festival of India in the 1950s.[13][105] 1956 film Tenali Ramakrishna has garnered the All India Certificate of Merit for Best Feature Film. In 2013, IBN Live's Poll listed Mayabazar as the finest Indian film of all time.[106]

Nartanasala won the best art direction award at the Afro Asian film festival in Jakarta.[107] Donga Ramudu directed by K. V. Reddy was archived in the curriculum of the Film and Television Institute of India.[12] Nammina Bantu received critical reception at the San Sebastián International Film Festival.[108][109] 1967 film Ummadi Kutumbam was selected by Film Federation of India as one of its entries to the Moscow Film Festival.[110][111] The 1968 cult classic Sudigundalu was screened at the Tashkent and Moscow Film Festivals.[112]

Sankarabharanam won the Prize of the Public at the Besançon Film Festival of France in the year 1981.[113] Thilaadanam won the New Currents Award at the 7th Busan International Film Festival of South Korea.[114] B. Narsing Rao produced Maa Bhoomi which was showcased at Karlovy Vary Film Festival, Cairo and Sidney Film Festivals. He directed, Daasi and Matti Manushulu which won the Diploma of Merit award at the Moscow International Film Festival in 1989 and 1991 respectively. Maa Ooru directed by him won the Media Wave Award at the Hungary International festival of visual arts.[115] In 2003, he directed Hari Villu which was nominated in the Critics' Week section at the 56th Cannes Film Festival.[116][117][118] Cinematographer turned director, M. V. Raghu has directed the Neo-realistic film Kallu (1988), scripted by Gollapudi Maruti Rao has received thirty state awards and has garnered special mention from the CBFC Jury.[119] Chandra Siddhartha's 1995 film, Nirantharam based on 1948 Telangana Rebellion, has received special mention at Cairo and Locarno International Film Festivals.[120]

Bapu's directorial venture Sakshi was showcased at Tashkent International film festival in 1968.[121] In 1976, he directed Seeta Kalyanam got critical acclaim at the BFI London Film Festival and Chicago International Film Festival, and is part of the curriculum at British Film Institute.[122] [123] Swati Mutyam (1986) is the only Telugu film to be sent by India as its official entry for the Best Foreign Language Film for the Academy Awards.[124][125] Swati Mutyam and Sagara Sangamam got critical acclaim at Asia Pacific Film Festival.[126][127] Oka Oori Katha has won special awards at Karlovy Vary International Film Festival and Carthage Film Festival.[128] Vanaja won several international awards including the first prize in the live-action feature film category at the Chicago International Children's Film Festival.[129] 2012 film Dream, has garnered the Royal Reel Award at the Canada International Film Festival.[130][131][132]

2013 Fantasy film Eega has garnered awards for the Most Original Film, Best Special Effects, Best Comedy, Best Fights, Best Film to watch with a crowd, Best Editing, Best Villain and Best Hero (Fly) in the 8th Annual Edition Toronto After Dark Film Festival.[133] 2013 Social problem film, Na Bangaaru Talli has received Best Film award at the Trinity International Film Festival in Detroit, and four Awards at the Indonesian International Film Festival.[134][135][136] 2014 film Minugurulu was selected as Best Indian Film at the 9th India International Children's Film Festival, held at Bangalore.[137] 2013 Cultural film, O Friend, This Waiting! has received special mention at the Erasing Borders Festival of Classical Dance, Indo-American Arts Council, New York, 2013.[138] 2014 film Parampara has garnered the Platinum Award for Best Feature at the International Indonesian Movie Awards.[139]

Cast and crew

N. T. Rama Rao in Missamma
Chiranjeevi
Thespian, Kota Srinivasa Rao

Chittor V. Nagaiah was one of the most influential actors of South Indian cinema.[140] Vemuri Gaggaiah, Kalyanam Raghuramaiah, R. Nageswara Rao, C.S.R. Anjaneyulu, Yadavalli Suryanarayana, C. H. Narayana Rao, Mudigonda Lingamurthy etc., are some of the finest method actors during the golden era.[141] S. V. Ranga Rao, was one of the first south Indian actors to win the Best Actor Award for his portrayal of Kichaka in Nartanasala at the Indonesian Film Festival held in Jakarta.[142][143] N. T. Rama Rao was one of the commercially successful Telugu actors of his time.[144] K. N. T. Sastry and Pattabhirama Reddy have garnered international recognition for their pioneering work in Parallel Cinema.[145][146] Adurthi Subba Rao, has garnered seven National Film Awards, for his pioneering work on drama films.[147] Akkineni Kutumba Rao's Patha Nagaramlo Pasivadu received Cairo International Film Festival's, Merit Certificate for best feature.[148][149]

Dasari Narayana Rao has directed the most number of films in Telugu, he directed Meghasandesam, which got critical acclaim at Cannes and Moscow Film Festival.[150][151] Noted director B. S. Narayana was a member of the Indian delegation to the Tashkent Film Festival in 1974, and the Moscow International Film Festival in 1975.[152] V. N. Reddy, K. S. Prasad, and Jaya Krishna Gummadi one of the pioneering cinematographers in Telugu cinema, have garnered nationwide recognition for their work in cinematography in various Indian languages.[153][154][155] His film Tandra Paparayudu (1986) starring Krishnam Raju was premiered at the 11th International Film Festival of India.[156][157][158] Actor and producer, Krishna Ghattamaneni is credited with producing many technological firsts in Telugu film industry like the first Cinemascope film Alluri Seetharama Raju, first 70mm film Simhasanam, first DTS film Telugu Veera Levara (1988) and introducing cowboy and James Bond styles to the Telugu screen.[159]

Relangi Venkata Ramaiah, and Ramana Reddy were a comedy double act during golden era.[160] Emergence of director Jandhyala in the 1980s saw the growth of comedy film genre in Telugu cinema.[161] Singeetam Srinivasa Rao and Ram Gopal Varma have received international recognition for bringing out new genres.[162][163] Contemporary film maker's like Sekhar Kammula, Chandra Sekhar Yeleti, Mohan Krishna Indraganti, Deva Katta, G. Neelakanta Reddy and Narasimha Nandi have made their mark among the Indian panorama sections of the International Film Festival of India in the last decade.[164][165][166][167][168] Noted film editor from the state, A. Sreekar Prasad, known for his initial works in Telugu films of the 1980s, has garnered national recognition for film editing across multiple languages of Indian cinema.[169]

S. V. Ranga Rao, N. T. Rama Rao, Jaggayya, Kanta Rao, Bhanumathi Ramakrishna, Suryakantam, Gummadi, Savitri , Krishnam Raju and Sobhan Babu are the actors who received the erstwhile Rashtrapati Award for best performance in a leading role.[170][171] Gummadi was an official member of the Indian delegation from South India to the Tashkent Film Festival in 1978 and 1982.[172] He served as the Jury Member thrice for the 28th, 33rd, and 39th National Film Awards.[173][174][175] Sri Sri was one of the influential film lyricists of his time, who garnered national honours like Sahitya Akademi Award, Best Lyricist and Soviet Land Nehru Award for his pioneering work.[176]

Sharada, Archana, Vijayashanti, Rohini, Nagarjuna Akkineni, and P. L. Narayana are the actors to receive the National Film Award for best performance in acting. Chiranjeevi, widely known as Megastar, was listed among "The men who changed the face of the Indian Cinema" by IBN-live India.[177][178] Brahmanandam, a Telugu actor, holds a Guinness World Record for acting in the most films in the same language.[179][180] Pete Draper, P. C. Sanath, Chakri Toleti and V. Srinivas Mohan are some of the visual effects professional's from the state known for their works in Telugu films.[91][181]

Film Score

S. P. Balasubrahmanyam in 1985

Susarla Dakshinamurthi, Parupalli Ramakrishnaiah Pantulu, Ogirala Ramachandra Rao, Pithapuram Nageswara Rao, Tanguturi Suryakumari, and Mangalampalli Balamuralikrishna are some of the influential music composers of Southern Indian cinema.[182][183][184] Music composers such as Pendyala Nageswara Rao, R. Sudarshanam and R. Goverdhanam made contributions to folklore and mythological films.[185][186]

S. Janaki in 2007

Madhavapeddi Satyam, P. Adinarayana Rao, Gali Penchala Narasimha Rao, Chellapilla Satyam, P. B. Sreenivas, S. P. Kodandapani, G. K. Venkatesh, S. Hanumantha Rao, have contributed their work extensively for films containing themes of social relevance.[187] S.P. Balasubrahmanyam is a multilingual playback singer from Telugu cinema to win National Film Awards across four languages. He holds the record of having recorded more songs than any other male playback singer and has received 25 state Nandi Awards.[188]

S. Rajeswara Rao pioneered the use of light music in Telugu cinema; Rao's most rewarding assignments came from Gemini Studios, which he joined in 1940 and with which he remained for a decade.[189] Ghantasala, performed in the United States, England, and Germany. According to The Hindu, and The Indian Express he was "Such a divine talent and with his songs he could move the hearts of the people. Ghantasala's blending of classical improvisations to the art of light music combined with his virtuosity and sensitivity puts him a class apart, above all others in the field of playback singing".[190][191] P. Susheela, has been recognized by both the Guinness Book of World Records and the Asia Book of Records for singing most number of songs in Indian languages.[192] She is also the recipient of five National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer and numerous state awards.[193]

Works by S. Janaki, M. M. Keeravani, and Ramesh Naidu have received National recognition. Multi-instrumentalists duo Raj-Koti holds a notable career spanning a decade, the duo has garnered particular acclaim for redefining contemporary music.[194][195] R. P. Patnaik is the current president of the Telugu Cine Music Association.[196]

Distribution

As of 2012, Dookudu had one of the largest worldwide openings for a Telugu film, having been released globally onto 1,600 screens,[197] including 71 in Hyderabad.[198] The film became the first Telugu project to release in Botswana and was opened in a single screen with one show by the Telugu Association of Botswana. Dookudu was released over 79 theatres in the United States; the Los Angeles Times quoted Dookudu as "the biggest hit you've never heard of."[199]

Further, it was released in Netherlands, Germany, South Africa, Dubai and Finland, the first for a Telugu film in addition to regular overseas markets such as Singapore, Malaysia and the UK.[200] The producers approached the high court of India for a John Doe Order to prevent piracy of the film.[201] It set a box office record for the Telugu film industry by collecting a gross of more than ₹1 billion (approximately 15.7 million US Dollars).[202][203][204] The international version of Baahubali: The Beginning was released in China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar, Timor-Leste along with some European and Latin American countries.[205]

Telugu film distribution territories

Territory name[206]Comprising areas
NizamTelangana, Raichur and Koppal districts of Karnataka.
CeededRayalaseema districts, Markapuram division of Prakasam district and Bellary district of Karnataka.
VizagVisakhapatnam, Srikakulam and Vizianagaram districts
EastEast Godavari district.
WestWest Godavari district.
KrishnaKrishna district.
GunturGuntur district and Ongole division of Prakasam district.
NelloreNellore district and Kandukur division of Prakasam district
KarnatakaKarnataka (except Raichur, Koppal and Bellary districts), Krishnagiri district of Tamil Nadu.
Tamil NaduTamil Nadu (except Krishnagiri district).
OdishaOdisha
MumbaiMaharashtra, Gujarat and Goa.
Rest of Indiaother states of India

Amongst the above territories Nizam is considered by the distributors as having potential for maximum earnings with more than 30% of Tollywood revenue is generated only from the Nizam area. An additional territory known as overseas territory also exists where the maximum collection is from United States of America.[207]

Guinness World Records

Dubbed films

The 1949 film Keelu Gurram was the first Telugu film to be dubbed into the Tamil language, being subsequently released under the name Maya Kudhirai.[11] According to the Andhra Pradesh Film Chamber of Commerce, "as per the Judgement of Supreme Court in Ashirwad Films in W.P.(Civil) No.709 there will be no difference in taxation of films between the dubbed films coming in from other states and the films produced in the Telugu States".[216]

National Award for Best Feature Film

Year Film Producer Note(s)
2015 Baahubali: The Beginning Shobu Yarlagadda
Arka Media Works		 National Film Award for Best Feature Film[217]
1992 Bhagavad Gita T. Subbarami Reddy National Film Award for Best Feature Film[218]
1963 Nartanasala Lakshmi Rajyam National Film Award for Second Best Feature Film[219]
1956 Tenali Ramakrishna B. S. Ranga Certificate of Merit for Best Feature Film[15]

National Award for Best Feature Film in Telugu

Award includes 'Rajat Kamal' (Silver Lotus Award) and cash prize. Following are the award winners over the years:

Awards legends
*
 President's Silver Medal for Best Feature Film
*
 Certificate of Merit for the Second Best Feature Film
*
 Certificate of Merit for the Third Best Feature Film
*
 Certificate of Merit for the Best Feature Film
List of award films, showing the year (award ceremony), producer(s), director(s) and citation
Year Film(s) Producer(s) Director(s) Citation Refs.
1954
(2nd)		 Peddamanushulu Vauhini Productions Kadri Venkata Reddy  – [220]
1954
(2nd)		 Thodu Dongalu National Art Theater, Madras Dasari Yoganand  –
1954
(2nd)		 Vipra Narayana Bharani Pictures P. S. Ramakrishna Rao  –
1955
(3rd)		 Bangaru Papa Vauhini Productions B. N. Reddy  – [221]
1955
(3rd)		 Ardhangi Ragini Films P. Pullaiah  –
1956
(4th)		 Tenali Ramakrishna Vikram Productions B. S. Ranga  – [15]
1956
(4th)		 Edi Nijam Pratibha Productions Sundaram Balachander  –
1957
(5th)		 Bhagya Rekha Ponnaluri Brothers B. N. Reddy  – [222]
1957
(5th)		 Thodi Kodallu Annapurna Pictures Adurthi Subba Rao  –
1958
(6th)		 Pelli Naati Pramanalu Jayanthi Pictures Kadri Venkata Reddy  – [223]
1958
(6th)		 Mangalya Balam Annapurna Pictures Adurthi Subba Rao  –
1959
(7th)		 Nammina Bantu Sambhu Films Adurthi Subba Rao  – [224]
1959
(7th)		 Maa Inti Mahalakshmi Navashakthi Films Gutha Ramineedu  –
1959
(7th)		 Jayabheri Vasireddy Narayana Rao P. Pullaiah  –
1960
(8th)		 Mahakavi Kalidasu Sarani Productions K. Kameswara Rao  – [225]
1960
(8th)		 Seetharama Kalyanam National Art Theater, Madras N. Trivikrama Rao  –
1961
(9th)		 Bharya Bharthalu Prasad Art Pictures K. Pratyagatma  – [226]
1962
(10th)		 Mahamantri Timmarusu Gowthami Productions K. Kameswara Rao  – [227]
1962
(10th)		 Kula Gothralu A. Subba Rao Kotayya Pratyagatma  –
1962
(10th)		 Siri Sampadalu V. Venkateswarlu P. Pullaiah  –
1963
(11th)		 Lava Kusa Lalita Sivajyoti Films  • C. Pullaiah
 • C. S. Rao		  – [219]
1963
(11th)		 Amar Silpi Jakkanna B. S. Ranga B. S. Ranga  –
1963
(11th)		 Mooga Manasulu C. Sundaram Adurthi Subba Rao  –
1964
(12th)		 Doctor Chakravarthy D. Madhusudhana Rao Adurthi Subba Rao  – [228]
1964
(12th)		 Ramadasu Chittor V. Nagaiah Chittor V. Nagaiah  –
1965
(13th)		 Antastulu V. B. Rajendra Prasad V. Madhusudhan Rao  – [229]
1965
(13th)		 Palnati Yudham Y. Lakshmaya Choudaray Gutha Ramineedu  –
1965
(13th)		 Manushulu Mamathalu A. Subba Rao K. Atma  –
1966
(14th)		 Rangula Ratnam B. N. Reddy B. N. Reddy  – [230]
1967
(15th)		 Sudigundalu Chakravarthi Chitra Adurthi Subba Rao  – [231]
1968
(16th)		 Varakatnam N. Trivikrama Rao N. T. Rama Rao  – [155]
1969
(17th)		 Aadarsa Kutumbam N. Trivikrama Rao Adurthi Subba Rao  – [232]
1970
(18th)		 Desamante Manushuloyi  • K. M. K. Naidu
 • G. K. Naidu		 C. S. Rao  – [233]
1971
(19th)		 Mattilo Manikyam Chalam B. V. Prasad  – [234]
1972
(20th)		 Pandanti Kapuram G. Hanumantha Rao Lakshmi Deepak  – [235]
1975
(23rd)		 Mutyala Muggu M. V. L. Narasimha Rao Bapu  – [236]
1976
(24th)		 Oorummadi Brathukulu B. S. Narayana B. S. Narayana  – [237]
1977
(25th)		 Oka Oori Katha A. Parandhama Reddy Mrinal Sen
For successfully transforming Premchand's story "Kafan" into a scathing commentary on rural destitution and social injustice; for projecting through powerful performances of its leading characters, the degradation and brutalisation of human beings, for its sincere commitment to the cause of the downtrodden; for its fervent impassioned appeal to the conscience of humanity.
 [238]
1978
(26th)		 Nimajjanam Red Rose Art Films B. S. Narayana
For a simple and restrained depiction of a dramatic theme, involving a woman's violation resulting in suicide.
 [239]
1979
(27th)		 Nagna Sathyam U. Visweswar Rao U. Visweswar Rao  – [240]
1980
(28th)		 Harischandrudu U. D. Murali Krishna U. Visweswar Rao
For an exposure of the manoeuvrings and misdeeds of politicians and for contributing significantly to the development of political cinema in India.
 [173]
1981
(29th)		 Seethakoka Chiluka Edida Nageshwara Rao P. Bharathiraja
For skilfully handling the theme of inter-communal marriage and making an impassioned stand against bigotry.
 [241]
1982
(30th)		 Meghasandesam Dasari Narayana Rao Dasari Narayana Rao
For its lyrical and aesthetic qualities.
 [242]
1983
(31st)		 Rangula Kala K. Venkateswara Rao B. Narsing Rao
For a vivid portrayal of urban life as seen by a sensitive painter in search of his identification with the masses.
 [243]
1984
(32nd)		 Sitaara Edida Nageswara Rao Vamsy  – [244]
1985
(33rd)		 Sravanthi Jayakrishna Kranthi Kumar
For a moving film, which depicts the plight of the quitessential Indian woman who goes through life discharging obligations as daughter, wife and mother.
 [174]
1986
(34th)		 Swathi Muthyam Edida Nageswara Rao K. Viswanath
For an effective rendering of a dramatic story about a man too innocent and child-like to fit into the scheme of the hard, calculating world.
 [245]
1988
(36th)		 Daasi B. Ramachandra Rao B. Narsing Rao
For portraying the grim reality of a feaudal milieu through original and rare use of film language.
 [246]
1989
(37th)		 Suthradharulu  • Sudhakar Reddy
 • C. Karunakar Rao		 K. Viswanath
For the way it charts the conquest of social oppression by spiritual understanding and peace.
 [247]
1990
(38th)		 Matti Manushulu K. Mukherjee and Veda Kumar B. Narsing Rao
For portraying the stark reality of pain which has been underlined with the warm hues of life.
 [248]
1991
(39th)		 Bhadram Koduko V. Ramachandra Rao Akkineni Kutumba Rao
For effectively focussing attention on the need for providing protection to homeless children.
 [175]
1992
(40th)		 Ankuram K. V. Suresh Kumar C. Umamaheswara Rao
For the struggle of a simple housewife who fights an oppressive system single-handed and succeeds in making a dent.
 [218]
1993
(41st)		 Mister Pellam Gavara Partha Sarathi Bapu
For its satirical exploration of the myth of the male ego, being superior to that of female.
 [249]
1995
(43rd)		 Stri  • NFDC
 • Doordarshan		 K. S. Sethumadhavan
The film is a startling revelation of the mind of a simple village woman, who asserts her right over her man and stands by him under all circumstances.
 [250]
1996
(44th)		 Ninne Pelladata Akkineni Nagarjuna Krishna Vamsi
For the innovative way in which a family drama with the contemporary theme is handled.
 [251]
1997
(45th)		 Sindhooram Krishna Vamsi Krishna Vamsi
For the film's sincere effort at analysing, the problem of corruption which leads to disillusionment among the young and perpetuates violence within a society.
 [252]
1998
(46th)		 Tholi Prema G. V. G. Raju A. Karunakaran
For an unusual love story about two friends who confess their feelings for each other at the end of the film, which is a break from the run-of-the-mill film.
 [253]
1999
(47th)		 Kalisundam Raa Daggubati Suresh Babu Udayasankar
For a conventionally structured film in the genre of mainstream cinema which conveys in an entertaining and wholesome manner a social message of togetherness and the need for preserving the unit of the joint family.
 [254]
2000
(48th)		 Nuvve Kavali Ramoji Rao K. Vijaya Bhaskar
For a refreshing film about a teenage friendship that blossoms into romance. The film stands out for its youthful treatment thus bringing out the exuberance of this film.
 [99]
2001
(49th)		 Show Manjula Ghattamaneni G. Neelakanta Reddy
For depicting the development of human relations between two strangers with spontaneous humour and rare insight into life.
 [255]
2003
(51st)		 Aithe Gangaraju Gunnam Chandra Sekhar Yeleti
For its portrayal of frustration in the youth, successfully solving it through a positive approach almost making the characters role models.
 [256]
2004
(52nd)		 Swarabhishekam H. Gopalakrishna Murthy K. Viswanath
For its excellent musical structure clubbed with great classical musical performance.
 [257]
2005
(53rd)		 Bommalata  • R. K. Film Associates
 • Spirit Media (P) Ltd.
 • Gangaraju Gunnam		 Prakash Kovelamudi
For cinematically vibrant rendition of the story of an underprivileged through the medium of puppetry and magic.
 [258]
2006
(54th)		 Kamli  • B. C. Hari Charana Prasad
 • P. V. Sukanya		 K. N. T. Sastry
For a convincing portrayal of the courage of a disadvantaged woman in her fight against female foeticide and child swapping.
 [259]
2008
(56th)		 1940 Lo Oka Gramam N. C. Narasimham Narasimha Nandi
For its courageous handling of caste-based prejudices.
 [260]
2012
(60th)		 Eega Sai Korrapati S. S. Rajamouli
In this one-of-its-kind and extraordinary fusion of technology and cinematic narrative the filmmaker has broken new grounds in concept and execution.
 [261]
2013
(61st)		 Naa Bangaaru Talli Sun Touch Productions Rajesh Touchriver
The film is a searing indictment of the pervasive and ruthless world of the sex trade.
 [262]
2014
(62nd)		 Chandamama Kathalu Working Dream Production Praveen Sattaru
For its skilful interweaving of stories featuring a variety of characters bound together by a common anxiety about securing their future.
 [263]
2015
(63rd)		 Kanche Y. Rajeev Reddy Krish
Barriers of caste and conventions breaks down as this romantic period drama unveils its magic.
 [217]
2016
(64th)		 Pelli Choopulu Dharamapatha Creations Tharun Bhascker
Desires and aspirations of the younger generation on a lighter note.
 [264]
2017
(65th)		 The Ghazi Attack Prasad V. Potluri Sankalp Reddy
In 1971, an Indian Naval submarine, S21, intercepts a Pakistani submarine, PNS Ghazi, in its water during a routine surveillance and thwarts its mission of destroying INS Vikrant.
 [265]

Dadasaheb Phalke awardees

Year Recipient Note(s)
1974 Bommireddy Narasimha Reddy[266] Director and producer
1980 Paidi Jairaj[266] Actor and thespian
1982 L. V. Prasad[266] Director and producer
1986 B. Nagi Reddy[266] Director and producer
1990 Akkineni Nageswara Rao[266] Actor
2009 D. Ramanaidu[266] Producer
2016 Kasinathuni Viswanath[267] Director and actor

State awards

South Indian Film Awards

Regional awards

Film making Studios

Visual Effects & Animation Studios

  • Prasad EFX - Magic in motion
  • Pixelloid Studios
  • Fire Fly Creative Studios[270][271]
  • Makuta VFX[272]

See also

References

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  221. ↑ "3rd National Film Awards" (PDF). Directorate of Film Festivals. Retrieved 1 September 2011.
  222. ↑ "5th National Film Awards" (PDF). Directorate of Film Festivals. Retrieved 2 September 2011.
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  227. ↑ "10th National Film Awards". International Film Festival of India. Archived from the original on 29 September 2015. Retrieved 9 September 2011.
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  242. ↑ "30th National Film Awards" (PDF). Directorate of Film Festivals. Retrieved 4 October 2011.
  243. ↑ "31st National Film Awards" (PDF). Directorate of Film Festivals. Retrieved 9 December 2011.
  244. ↑ "32nd National Film Awards" (PDF). Directorate of Film Festivals. Retrieved 6 January 2012.
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  264. ↑ "64th National Film Awards" (PDF) (Press release). Directorate of Film Festivals. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 June 2017. Retrieved 7 April 2017.
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