South Shields (UK Parliament constituency)

Coordinates: 54°58′23″N 1°24′50″W / 54.973°N 1.414°W / 54.973; -1.414

South Shields
Borough constituency
for the House of Commons
Outline map
Boundary of South Shields in Tyne and Wear.
Outline map
Location of Tyne and Wear within England.
County Tyne and Wear
Electorate 82,294(2011)[1]
Current constituency
Created 1832
Member of parliament Emma Lewell-Buck
Number of members One
Created from County Durham
Overlaps
European Parliament constituency North East England

South Shields is a borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. It has been represented by Emma Lewell-Buck of the Labour Party since 2013.

Boundaries

1918-1950: The County Borough of South Shields.

1950-1955: As prior but with redrawn boundaries.

1955-1983: As prior but with redrawn boundaries.

1983-1997: The Metropolitan Borough of South Tyneside wards of All Saints, Beacon and Bents, Cleadon Park, Harton, Horsley Hill, Rekendyke, Tyne Dock and Simonside, Westoe, West Park, and Whiteleas.

1997-2010: The Metropolitan Borough of South Tyneside wards of All Saints, Beacon and Bents, Biddick Hall, Cleadon Park, Harton, Horsley Hill, Rekendyke, Tyne Dock and Simonside, Westoe, West Park, and Whiteleas.

2010-present: The Metropolitan Borough of South Tyneside wards of Beacon and Bents, Biddick and All Saints, Cleadon Park, Harton, Horsley Hill, Simonside and Rekendyke, Westoe, West Park, Whitburn and Marsden, and Whiteleas.

The current constituency covers the area of South Shields in the South Tyneside district of Tyne and Wear. Boundary changes at the 2010 general election transferred the community of Whitburn into the South Shields constituency from the neighbouring Jarrow seat.

Members of Parliament

The seat was held from 2001 to 2013 by David Miliband, who served as Foreign Secretary from 2007 until Labour's general election defeat of 2010. On 26 March 2013 Miliband announced his resignation from Parliament in order to take up a post as the head of the International Rescue Committee in New York City.[2]

William Robson
ElectionMember[3]Party
1832 Robert Ingham Tory[4][5][6][7]
1834 Conservative[8][9]
1841 John Wawn Radical[4][7][10][9]
1852 Robert Ingham Whig[11]
1859 Liberal
1868 James Cochran Stevenson Liberal
1895 William Robson Liberal
1910 Russell Rea Liberal
1916 Cecil Cochrane Liberal
1918 Havelock Wilson Liberal
1922 Edward Harney Liberal
1929 James Chuter Ede Labour
1931 Harcourt Johnstone Liberal
1935 James Chuter Ede Labour
1964 Arthur Blenkinsop Labour
1979 David Clark Labour
2001 David Miliband Labour
2013 Emma Lewell-Buck Labour

With two exceptions (Arthur Blenkinsop and Emma Lewell-Buck) every South Shields MP since 1929 has been a cabinet member at some point in their career. Lewell-Buck has however been a shadow minister. Two of them, Chuter Ede (Home Secretary) and Miliband (Foreign Secretary), have held one of the great offices of state while MP for South Shields.

Elections

Elections in the 2010s

General Election 2017: South Shields[12]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Emma Lewell-Buck 25,078 61.5 +10.2
Conservative Felicity Buchan 10,570 25.9 +9.3
UKIP Richard Elvin 3,006 7.4 -14.6
Green Shirley Ford 1,437 3.5 -0.9
Liberal Democrat Gita Gordon 681 1.7 -0.1
Majority 14,508 35.6 +6.3
Turnout 40,772 64.3 +6.5
Labour hold Swing +0.5
General Election 2015: South Shields[13][14]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Emma Lewell-Buck 18,589 51.3 −0.8
UKIP Norman Dennis 7,975 22.0 N/A
Conservative Robert Oliver 6,021 16.6 −5.0
Green Shirley Ford 1,614 4.5 +2.4
Independent Lisa Nightingale 1,427 3.9 N/A
Liberal Democrat Gitanjali (Gita) Gordon 639 1.8 −12.4
Majority 10,614 29.3 −1.1
Turnout 36,265 57.8 +0.1
Labour hold Swing −11.4
By-election, May 2013: South Shields[15][16][17]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Emma Lewell-Buck 12,493 50.4 −1.6
UKIP Richard Elvin 5,988 24.2 N/A
Conservative Karen Allen 2,857 11.5 −10.1
Independent Ahmed Khan 1,331 5.4 N/A
Independent Socialist Party Phil Brown 750 3.0 N/A
BNP Dorothy Brookes 711 2.9 −3.6
Liberal Democrat Hugh Annand 352 1.4 −12.8
Monster Raving Loony Howling Laud Hope 197 0.8 N/A
Independent Thomas Darwood 57 0.2 N/A
Majority 6,505 26.3 -4.1
Turnout 24,780 39.3 −18.4
Labour hold Swing −12.9
General Election 2010: South Shields[18][19]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour David Miliband 18,995 52.0 −8.8
Conservative Karen Allen 7,886 21.6 +4.0
Liberal Democrat Stephen Psallidas 5,189 14.2 −5.0
BNP Donna Watson 2,382 6.5 N/A
Green Shirley Ford 762 2.1 N/A
Independent Siamak Kaikavoosi 729 2.0 N/A
Independent Victor Thomson 316 0.9 N/A
Independent Sam Navabi 168 0.5 N/A
Fight for an Anti-War Government Roger Nettleship 91 0.2 N/A
Majority 11,109 30.4 -10.4
Turnout 36,518 57.7 +7.0
Labour hold Swing -6.4

Elections in the 2000s

General Election 2005: South Shields[20][21]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour David Miliband 18,269 60.5 −2.7
Liberal Democrat Stephen Psallidas 5,957 19.7 +2.9
Conservative Richard Lewis 5,207 17.2 +0.3
Independent Nader Afshari-Naderi 773 2.6 N/A
Majority 12,312 40.8 −5.5
Turnout 30,206 42.2 −7.5
Labour hold Swing −2.8
General Election 2001: South Shields[22][23]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour David Miliband 19,230 63.2 −8.3
Conservative Joanna Gardner 5,140 16.9 +2.3
Liberal Democrat Marshall Grainger 5,127 16.8 +8.0
UKIP Alan Hardy 689 2.3 N/A
Independent Roger Nettleship 262 0.9 N/A
Majority 14,090 46.3 −10.5
Turnout 30,448 49.7 −12.9
Labour hold Swing −5.3

Elections in the 1990s

General Election 1997: South Shields[24][23]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour David Clark 27,834 71.4 +11.6
Conservative Mark Hoban 5,681 14.6 −12.8
Liberal Democrat David Ord 3,429 8.8 −4.0
Referendum Alan Lorriane 1,660 4.3 N/A
Independent Ian Wilburn 374 1.0 N/A
Majority 22,153 56.8 +24.5
Turnout 38,978 62.5 −4.8
Labour hold Swing +12.2
General Election 1992: South Shields[25][26]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour David Clark 24,876 59.8 +1.9
Conservative Jonathan L Howard 11,399 27.4 +1.7
Liberal Democrat Arthur Preece 5,344 12.8 N/A
Majority 13,477 32.4 +0.15
Turnout 41,619 70.1 −0.7
Labour hold Swing +0.1

Elections in the 1980s

General Election 1987: South Shields[27][28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour David Clark 24,882 57.9 +11.2
Conservative Michael Fabricant 11,031 25.7 −5.2
Social Democratic Margaret Melling 6,654 15.5 −7.2
Democrat Edward Dunn 408 1.0 N/A
Majority 13,851 32.2 +16.6
Turnout 42,975 70.7 +4.5
Labour hold Swing +8.2
General Election 1983: South Shields[29][30]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour David Clark 19,055 46.5 -10.6
Conservative PJ Groves 15,551 30.1 -0.1
Social Democratic PJ Angus 9,288 22.7 +10.7
Majority 6,402 15.6 -10.5
Turnout 40,996 66.2 -5.0
Labour hold Swing -52.5

Elections in the 1970s

General Election 1979: South Shields[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour David Clark 28,675 57.0 +0.7
Conservative R Booth 15,551 31.0 +6.1
Liberal L Monger 6,003 12.0 -5.3
Majority 13,124 26.1 -5.4
Turnout 50,229 71.2 +6.5
Labour hold Swing -2.7
General Election, October 1974: South Shields[32]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Arthur Blenkinsop 26,492 56.4 -3.4
Conservative NS Smith 11,667 24.8 -11.6
Liberal L Garbutt 8,106 17.3 N/A
National Front W Owen 711 1.5 -2.5
Majority 14,825 31.6 +8.2
Turnout 46,976 64.7 -6.9
Labour hold Swing +4.1
General Election, February 1974: South Shields[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Arthur Blenkinsop 30,740 58.8 +0.4
Conservative S Smith 18,754 36.4 -3.4
National Front W Owen 1,958 3.8 N/A
Majority 11,986 23.3 +3.0
Turnout 51,452 71.6 +4.8
Labour hold Swing +1.9
General Election 1970: South Shields[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Arthur Blenkinsop 30,191 60.2 -4.5
Conservative John McKee 19,960 39.8 +4.5
Majority 10,231 20.4 -9.0
Turnout 50,151 66.8 -1.7
Labour hold Swing -4.5

Elections in the 1960s

General Election 1966: South Shields[35]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Arthur Blenkinsop 31,829 64.7 +9.6
Conservative Charles MacKenzie Dallas 17,340 35.3 +4.9
Majority 14,489 29.5 +4.7
Turnout 49,169 68.7 -5.4
Labour hold Swing +2.35
General Election 1964: South Shields[36]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Arthur Blenkinsop 29,694 55.1 -2.8
Conservative John Chalmers 16,344 30.3 -11.7
Liberal Thomas Henry Campbell Wardlaw 7,837 14.6 N/A
Majority 13,350 24.8 +8.9
Turnout 53,875 74.1 -0.3
Labour hold Swing +4.45

Elections in the 1950s

General Election 1959: South Shields[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour James Chuter Ede 32,577 58.0 -1.7
Conservative John Chalmers 23,638 42.0 +1.7
Majority 8,939 15.9 -3.4
Turnout 56,215 74.4 +2.8
Labour hold Swing -1.7
General Election 1955: South Shields[38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour James Chuter Ede 31,734 59.6 +3.7
Conservative John Chalmers 21,482 40.4 +6.9
Majority 10,252 19.3 -3.0
Turnout 53,216 74.4 -9.3
Labour hold Swing -1.6
General Election 1951: South Shields[39]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour James Chuter Ede 33,633 56.0 +0.6
Conservative John Chalmers 20,208 33.6 +6.8
Liberal Charles Jonathan Kitchell 6,270 10.4 -5.5
Majority 13,425 22.3 -7.3
Turnout 60,111 80.5 -1.2
Labour hold Swing -3.7
General Election 1950: South Shields[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour James Chuter Ede 33,452 56.5 -2.9
Conservative John Chalmers 15,897 28.9 N/A
Liberal John George 9,446 16.0 N/A
Communist FO Smith 415 0.7 N/A
Majority 17,555 29.7 +10.8
Turnout 59,210 81.7 +8.6
Labour hold Swing +5.4

Elections in the 1940s

General Election 1945: South Shields[40]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour James Chuter Ede 22,410 59.4 +11.3
Liberal National Donald Maurice Parry 15,296 40.6 N/A
Majority 7,114 18.9 +12.6
Turnout 37,706 73.1 -0.3
Labour hold Swing +12.6

Elections in the 1930s

General Election 1935: South Shields
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour James Chuter Ede 22,031 48.16
Liberal Harcourt Johnstone 12,932 29.27
National Labour Frederick Burden 10,784 23.57
Majority 9,099 19.89
Turnout 72.79
Labour gain from Liberal Swing
General Election 1931: South Shields
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Harcourt Johnstone 30,528 59.81
Labour James Chuter Ede 20,512 40.19
Majority 10,016 19.62
Turnout 80.13
Liberal gain from Labour Swing

Elections in the 1920s

General Election 1929: South Shields [41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour James Chuter Ede 18,938 42.2 +0.1
Liberal Harold Burge Robson 18,898 42.0 -15.9
Unionist William Nunn 7,110 15.8 n/a
Majority 40 0.2 16.0
Turnout 72.9 -2.4
Labour gain from Liberal Swing +8.0
General Election 1924[41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Edward Harney 23,171 57.9 -1.4
Labour William Lawther 16,852 42.1 +1.4
Majority 6,319 15.8 -2.8
Turnout 75.3 +1.8
Liberal hold Swing -1.4
General Election 1923[41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Edward Harney 22,912 59.3 +19.5
Labour William Lawther 15,717 40.7 +1.0
Majority 7,195 18.6 +18.5
Turnout 73.5 -2.7
Liberal hold Swing +9.5
General Election 1922[41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Edward Harney 15,760 39.8 n/a
Labour William Lawther 15,735 39.7 +14.9
National Liberal Havelock Wilson 8,121 20.5 -54.7
Majority 25 0.1 50.5
Turnout 76.2 +24.9
Liberal hold Swing n/a

Elections in the 1910s

Havelock Wilson
General Election 1918[41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
C Liberal Havelock Wilson 19,514 75.2 N/A
Labour George John Rowe 6,425 24.8 N/A
Majority 13,089 50.4 N/A
Turnout 51.3 N/A
Liberal hold Swing N/A
C indicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.
South Shields by-election, 1918[42]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Havelock Wilson Unopposed
Liberal hold
South Shields by-election, 1916[42]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Cecil Cochrane Unopposed
Liberal hold
Russell Rea
General Election December 1910 South Shields[42]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Russell Rea Unopposed
Liberal hold
South Shields by-election, 1910[42]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Russell Rea 7,929 61.8 −3.4
Liberal Unionist Roland Edmund Lomax Vaughan Williams 4,910 38.2 +3.4
Majority 3,019 23.6 −6.8
Turnout 12,839 70.1 −6.0
Registered electors 18,320
Liberal hold Swing −3.4
General Election January 1910 South Shields[42]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal William Robson 9,090 65.2 -8.7
Liberal Unionist Roland Edmund Lomax Vaughan Williams[43] 4,854 34.8 +8.7
Majority 4,236 30.4 −17.4
Turnout 13,944 76.1 +3.5
Registered electors 18,320
Liberal hold Swing -8.7

Elections in the 1900s

William Robson
General Election 1906 South Shields[42]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal William Robson 9,717 73.9 +9.6
Conservative A R Chamberlayne 3,431 26.1 −9.6
Majority 6,286 47.8 +19.2
Turnout 13,148 72.6 +0.6
Registered electors 18,106
Liberal hold Swing +9.6
General Election 1900 South Shields[42]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal William Robson 7,417 64.3 +13.6
Conservative R Readhead 4,119 35.7 −13.6
Majority 3,298 28.6 +27.2
Turnout 11,536 72.0 +2.2
Registered electors 16,033
Liberal hold Swing +13.6

Elections in the 1890s

General Election 1895 South Shields[42]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal William Robson 5,057 50.7 −4.9
Conservative Henry Herbert Wainwright 4,924 49.3 +4.9
Majority 133 1.4 −9.8
Turnout 9,981 69.8 +2.5
Registered electors 14,307
Liberal hold Swing −4.9
General Election 1892 South Shields[42]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal James Cochran Stevenson 4,965 55.6 N/A
Conservative Henry Herbert Wainwright 3,958 44.4 N/A
Majority 1,007 11.2 N/A
Turnout 8,923 67.3 N/A
Registered electors 13,259
Liberal hold Swing N/A

Elections in the 1880s

General Election 1886 South Shields[42]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal James Cochran Stevenson Unopposed
Liberal hold
General Election 1885 South Shields[42]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal James Cochran Stevenson 4,064 56.5 −18.4
Conservative William Digby Seymour 3,128 25.1 +18.4
Majority 936 13.0 −36.8
Turnout 7,192 60.3 +0.4
Registered electors 11,928
Liberal hold Swing −18.4
General Election 1880 South Shields[44]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal James Cochran Stevenson 4,435 74.9 N/A
Conservative Henry Best Hans-Hamilton[45] 1,486 25.1 N/A
Majority 2,949 49.8 N/A
Turnout 5,921 59.9 N/A
Registered electors 9,893
Liberal hold Swing N/A

Elections in the 1870s

General Election 1874 South Shields[44]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal James Cochran Stevenson Unopposed
Registered electors 8,870
Liberal hold

Elections in the 1860s

General Election 1868 South Shields[44]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal James Cochran Stevenson 2,582 53.1 N/A
Liberal Charles Palmer[46] 2,277 46.9 N/A
Majority 305 6.3 N/A
Turnout 4,859 78.3 N/A
Registered electors 6,208
Liberal hold
General Election 1865 South Shields[44]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Robert Ingham Unopposed
Registered electors 1,113
Liberal hold

Elections in the 1850s

General Election 1859 South Shields[44]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Robert Ingham 506 62.8 N/A
Liberal John Wawn[47] 300 37.2 N/A
Majority 206 25.6 N/A
Turnout 806 71.6 N/A
Registered electors 1,126
Liberal hold Swing N/A
General Election 1857 South Shields[44]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Whig Robert Ingham Unopposed
Registered electors 1,079
Whig hold
General Election 1852 South Shields[44]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Whig Robert Ingham 430 63.3
Conservative Henry Liddell[48][49] 249 36.7
Majority 181 26.7
Turnout 679 73.4
Registered electors 925
Whig gain from Radical Swing

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Parliament Constituency population 2011". Retrieved 6 July 2015.
  2. ↑ "David Miliband to step down as MP". BBC News. 26 March 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  3. ↑ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "S" (part 4)
  4. 1 2 Stooks Smith, Henry (1842). The Register of Parliamentary Contested Elections; Containing the Uncontested Elections Since 1830 (Second ed.). London: Simpkin, Marshall, and Co. p. 143. Retrieved 10 July 2018 – via Google Books.
  5. ↑ The Spectator, Volume 10. F. C. Westley. 1837. p. 820. Retrieved 10 July 2018 – via Google Books.
  6. ↑ The Assembled Commons; or, Parliamentary Biographer: With an abstract of the law of election, and the usages of parliament, by a member of the Middle Temple. London: Scott, Webster and Geary. 1838. p. 130 – via Google Books.
  7. 1 2 Examiner: A Weekly Paper on Politics, Literature, Music and the Fine Arts. 1841. p. 425. Retrieved 10 July 2018 – via Google Books.
  8. ↑ "Gloucester Journal". 5 June 1841. pp. 3–4. Retrieved 10 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
  9. 1 2 "South Shields". Coventry Standard. 9 July 1841. p. 2. Retrieved 10 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
  10. ↑ "General Election". London Evening Standard. 1841. pp. 3–4. Retrieved 10 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
  11. ↑ "The General Election". Cork Constitution. 10 July 1852. p. 4. Retrieved 10 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
  12. ↑ "South Shields". BBC News. Retrieved 12 June 2017.
  13. ↑ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  14. ↑ "South Shields Parliamentary constituency". Election 2015. BBC News. Retrieved 31 March 2016.
  15. ↑ South Shields by-election", South Tyneside Council
  16. ↑ "South Shields Constituency – 02 May 2013 Parliamentary By-Election". SouthTyneside.info. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  17. ↑ "South Shields by-election: Labour wins as UKIP makes big gains". BBC News. 3 May 2013. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  18. ↑ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  19. ↑ "UK General Election results May 2010, part21". Richard Kimber's political science resources. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  20. ↑ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  21. ↑ "UK General Election results May 2005, part18". Richard Kimber's political science resources. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  22. ↑ "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  23. 1 2 "UK General Election results: South Shields, 1997 and 2001". Richard Kimber's political science resources. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  24. ↑ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  25. ↑ "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  26. ↑ "UK General Election results, April 1992, part 18". Richard Kimber's political science resources. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  27. ↑ "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  28. ↑ "UK General Election results, June 1983 (part 18)". Richard Kimber's political science resources. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  29. ↑ "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  30. ↑ "UK General Election results. June 1983, part 18". Richard Kimber's political science resources. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  31. ↑ "UK General Election results, May 1979, part 18". Richard Kimber's political science resources. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  32. ↑ "UK General Election results, October 1974 (part 18)". Richard Kimber's political science resources. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  33. ↑ "UK General Election results, February 1974 (part 18)". Richard Kimber's political science resources. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  34. ↑ "UK General Election results, June 1970 (part 18)". Richard Kimber's political science resources. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  35. ↑ "UK General Election results, March 1966 (part 18)". Richard Kimber's political science resources. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  36. ↑ "UK General Election results, October 1964 (part 18)". Richard Kimber's political science resources. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  37. 1 2 "UK General Election results, October 1959 (part 18)". Richard Kimber's political science resources. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
  38. ↑ "UK General Election results, May 1955 (part 18)". Richard Kimber's political science resources. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
  39. ↑ "UK General Election results, October 1951 (part 18)". Richard Kimber's political science resources. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
  40. ↑ "UK General Election results, July 1945 (part 18)". Richard Kimber's political science resources. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
  41. 1 2 3 4 5 British parliamentary election results, 1918–1949, Fred W. S. Craig
  42. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Craig, FWS, ed. (1974). British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885-1918. London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 9781349022984.
  43. ↑ WILLIAMS, Roland Edmund Lomax Vaughan’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2016; online edn, Oxford University Press, 2014 ; online edn, April 2014 accessed 20 Sept 2017
  44. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (e-book)|format= requires |url= (help) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3.
  45. ↑ "The General Election". London Evening Standard. 1 April 1880. pp. 2–3. Retrieved 11 December 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
  46. ↑ "South Shields". Newcastle Journal. 17 November 1868. p. 3. Retrieved 18 March 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
  47. ↑ "To the Worthy and Independent Electors of the Borough of South Shields". Newcastle Daily Chronicle. 19 April 1859. p. 4. Retrieved 10 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
  48. ↑ Bloy, Marjorie (12 January 2016). "Henry Thomas Liddell, first Earl of Ravensworth (1797–1878)". A Web of English History. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
  49. ↑ "Nominations". Evening Mail. 7 July 1852. p. 8. Retrieved 10 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).

Craig, F. W. S. (1983). British parliamentary election results 1918–1949 (3 ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. ISBN 0-900178-06-X.

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