London Borough of Islington

London Borough of Islington
London borough

Coat of arms
Council logo

Islington shown within Greater London
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Constituent country England
Region London
Ceremonial county Greater London
Created 1 April 1965
Admin HQ Upper Street, Islington
Government
 • Type London borough council
 • Body Islington London Borough Council
 • Leadership Leader & Cabinet (Labour)
 • Mayor Cllr Richard Greening
 • London Assembly Jennette Arnold (Labour) AM for North East
 • MPs Jeremy Corbyn (Labour)
Emily Thornberry (Labour)
 • EU Parliament London
Area
 • Total 14.86 km2 (5.74 sq mi)
Area rank 324th (of 326)
Population (mid-2017 est.)
 • Total 235,000
 • Rank 71st (of 326)
 • Density 16,000/km2 (41,000/sq mi)
 • Ethnicity[1]

47.7% White British
3.9% White Irish
0.1% White Gypsy or Irish Traveller
16.4% Other White
2.1% White & Black Caribbean
0.9% White & Black African
1.4% White & Asian
2.1% Other Mixed
1.7% Indian
0.5% Pakistani
2.3% Bangladeshi
2.2% Chinese
2.6% Other Asian
6.1% Black African
3.9% Black Caribbean
2.8% Other Black
0.9% Arab

2.4% Other
Time zone UTC (GMT)
 • Summer (DST) UTC+1 (BST)
Postcodes EC, N, NW, WC
Area code(s) 020
ONS code 00AU
GSS code E09000019
Police Metropolitan Police
Website https://www.islington.gov.uk/

The London Borough of Islington (/ˈɪzlɪŋtən/ ( listen) IZ-ling-tən) is a London borough in Inner London, England. The borough includes a significant area to the south which forms part of central London. Islington has an estimated population of 215,667. It was formed in 1965 by merging the former metropolitan boroughs of Islington and Finsbury.

The merged entity remains the second-smallest borough in London and the third-smallest district in England. The borough contains two Westminster parliamentary constituencies, Islington North, the constituency of Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn, and Islington South & Finsbury, the constituency of Labour Shadow Foreign Secretary and Shadow First Secretary of State Emily Thornberry. The local authority is Islington Council. The borough is home to football club Arsenal, one of the most successful clubs in England and its home Emirates Stadium that is one of the largest football stadiums in the country.

Etymology

Islington was originally named by the Saxons Giseldone (1005), then Gislandune (1062). The name means 'Gīsla's hill' from the Old English personal name Gīsla and dun 'hill', 'down'. The name then later mutated to Isledon, which remained in use well into the 17th century when the modern form arose.[2] In medieval times, Islington was just one of many small manors in the area, along with Bernersbury, Neweton Berewe or Hey-bury, and Canonesbury (Barnsbury, Highbury and Canonbury – names first recorded in the 13th and 14th centuries). "Islington" came to be applied as the name for the parish covering these villages, and was the name chosen for the Metropolitan Borough of Islington, on its formation in 1899. On the merger with Finsbury, to form the modern borough this name came to be applied to the whole borough.

Districts of Islington

The borough includes the areas:

Wards

A map showing the wards of Islington since 2002
  • Barnsbury
  • Bunhill
  • Caledonian
  • Canonbury
  • Newington Green
  • Clerkenwell
  • Finsbury Park
  • Highbury East
  • Highbury West
  • Hillrise
  • Holloway
  • Junction
  • Mildmay
  • Saint Georges
  • Saint Marys
  • Saint Peters
  • Tollington

Government and infrastructure

Islington Council is the borough's local authority. It is a London borough council, one of thirty-two principal subdivisions of the administrative area of Greater London. The council was created by the London Government Act 1963 and replaced two local authorities: Finsbury Metropolitan Borough Council and Islington Metropolitan Borough Council. The former Islington Metropolitan Town Hall, at the intersection of Upper Street and Richmond Grove, serves as the present Borough's council building.[3]

Islington is divided into 16 wards, each electing three councillors.[4] Following the May 2014 election, Islington Council comprises 47 Labour Party councillors and 1 Green Party councillor.[5] Of these 48 councillors, the Leader of the Council is Councillor Richard Watts, while the Mayor is Councillor Theresa Debono.[5][6]

Islington is represented by two parliamentary constituencies. Islington North is represented by Jeremy Corbyn of the Labour Party, the current Leader of the Opposition since 2015. Islington South and Finsbury is represented by Emily Thornberry of the Labour Party.

Islington forms part of the North East constituency for the London Assembly, represented by Jennette Arnold, also of the Labour Party.

Economy

Inmarsat head office

Inmarsat has its head office in the borough.[7]

Transport

Islington Town Hall

Islington has a wide variety of transportation services, with direct connections to the suburbs and the City and West End. Islington also has ten tube stations within its boundaries, with connections by the tube to all around London.

London Underground

There are ten Underground stations in the borough:

These stations principally serve the Northern, Piccadilly and Victoria lines. Farringdon station is also served by the Circle, Hammersmith & City and Metropolitan lines.

London Overground stations

There are also several London Overground stations in the borough. They are as follows:

Railway stations

There are several railway stations in the borough. They are as follows:

Travel to work

In March 2011, the main forms of transport that residents used to travel to work were: underground, metro, light rail, tram, 19.4% of all residents aged 16–74; bus, minibus or coach, 10.3%; on foot, 10.3%; bicycle, 6.2%; driving a car or van, 6.0%; train, 3.7%; work mainly at or from home, 3.6%.[8]

Major public and private bodies in Islington

Prisons

There is one prison in Islington, a men's prison, HM Prison Pentonville. Until it closed in 2016 there was also a women's prison HM Prison Holloway, which in the early 20th century was used to hold many suffragettes.

Cultural attractions and institutions in Islington

The 'Angel Central' shopping arcade

Demographics

Population
YearPop.±%
1801 65,721—    
1811 83,679+27.3%
1821 108,333+29.5%
1831 137,271+26.7%
1841 162,717+18.5%
1851 214,090+31.6%
1861 266,010+24.3%
1871 317,930+19.5%
1881 369,850+16.3%
1891 397,799+7.6%
1901 405,301+1.9%
1911 412,944+1.9%
1921 401,054−2.9%
1931 389,513−2.9%
1941 324,143−16.8%
1951 269,743−16.8%
1961 232,258−13.9%
1971 200,022−13.9%
1981 157,512−21.3%
1991 173,384+10.1%
2001 175,787+1.4%
2011 206,125+17.3%
2013 215,667+4.6%
Source: A Vision of Britain through time

In 1801, the civil parishes that form the modern borough had a total population of 65,721. This rose steadily throughout the 19th century, as the district became built up; exceeding 200,000 in the middle of the century. When the railways arrived the rate of population growth increased—reaching nearly 400,000 by the turn of the century; with the Metropolitan Borough of Finsbury particularly suffering deprivation, poverty and severe overcrowding. The increase in population peaked before World War I, falling slowly in the aftermath until World War II began an exodus from London towards the new towns under the Abercrombie Plan for London (1944). The decline in population reversed in the 1980s, but it remains below its 1971 level.

According to the 2001 census Islington had a population of 175,797. It was 75% White, including 5% White Irish, 6% Black African, 5% Black Caribbean and 2% Bangladeshi. Thirty-two per cent of the borough's residents were owner–occupiers.

According to the 2011 census, Islington has the highest population density of local authorities in England and Wales—13,875 people per square kilometre.[9]

Islington has the second highest proportion of Irish people in the country, behind London Borough of Brent.[10]

A 2017 study by Trust for London and the New Policy Institute found that a third of Islington residents live in poverty. This is above the London average of 27%. It also found that just 14% of local employees are in jobs which pay below the London Living Wage - which is the 4th lowest figure of any London borough.[11]

The following table shows the ethnic group of respondents in the 2001 and 2011 census in Islington.

Ethnicity

Ethnic Group 2001[12] 2011[13]
Number % Number %
White: British99,78456.76%98,32247.70%
White: Irish10,0575.72%8,1403.95%
White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller1630.08%
White: Other22,62312.87%33,89016.44%
White: Total132,46475.35%140,51568.17%
Asian or Asian British: Indian2,8511.32%3,5342.06%
Asian or Asian British: Pakistani9120.52%9510.46%
Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi4,2292.41%4,6622.26%
Asian or Asian British: Chinese3,0741.75%4,4572.16%
Asian or Asian British: Other Asian1,4920.85%5,4302.63%
Asian or Asian British: Total12,5587.14%19,0349.23%
Black or Black British: African10,5005.97%12,6226.12%
Black or Black British: Caribbean8,5504.86%7,9433.85%
Black or Black British: Other Black1,8061.03%5,7292.78%
Black or Black British: Total20,85611.86%26,29412.76%
Mixed: White and Black Caribbean2,3291.32%4,2362.06%
Mixed: White and Black African1,2410.71%1,9120.93%
Mixed: White and Asian1,5430.88%2,9641.44%
Mixed: Other Mixed2,1211.21%4,2272.05%
Mixed: Total7,2344.11%13,3396.47%
Other: Arab1,8930.92%
Other: Any other ethnic group5,0502.45%
Other: Total2,6851.53%6,9433.37%
Black, Asian, and minority ethnic: Total43,33324.65%65,61031.83%
Total175,797100.00%206,125100.00%


Education

Universities

The London Borough of Islington is home to two higher education institutions:

Moorfields Eye Hospital is a major centre for postgraduate training of ophthalmologists, orthoptists, optometrists, and nurses.

Colleges

The borough also currently contains two colleges of further education:

There are two performing arts colleges. The Urdang Academy and the Musical Theatre Academy are both based in Islington.

Schools

The borough currently maintains 47 primary schools, 10 secondary schools, three special schools and five Pupil Referral Units. In 2000, Cambridge Education Associates, a private firm, took over the management of the Islington's state schools from the local education authority.[14]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 2011 Census: Ethnic group, local authorities in England and Wales, Office for National Statistics (2012). See Classification of ethnicity in the United Kingdom for the full descriptions used in the 2011 Census.
  2. ↑ 'Islington: Growth', A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 8: Islington and Stoke Newington parishes (1985), pp. 9-19 accessed: 13 March 2007
  3. ↑ "Islington Town Hall". Islington Council. Retrieved 22 July 2014.
  4. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 9 October 2010. Retrieved 16 October 2010.
  5. 1 2 "Members of Islington Council". Islington Council. Retrieved 22 July 2014.
  6. ↑ "Council Leader". Islington Council. Retrieved 22 July 2014.
  7. ↑ "Privacy Policy." Immarsat. Retrieved on 26 March 2014. "99 City Road London EC1Y 1AX United Kingdom"
  8. ↑ "2011 Census: QS701EW Method of travel to work, local authorities in England and Wales". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 23 November 2013. Percentages are of all residents aged 16-74 including those not in employment. Respondents could only pick one mode, specified as the journey’s longest part by distance.
  9. ↑ http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171778_270487.pdf
  10. ↑ http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/census/2011/census-data/index.html 2011 Census: Ethnic group, local authorities in England and Wales
  11. ↑ "Trust for London". London's Poverty Profile. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  12. ↑ "KS006 - Ethnic group". NOMIS. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
  13. ↑ "Ethnic Group by measures". NOMIS. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
  14. ↑ BBC education

Coordinates: 51°32′N 0°08′W / 51.533°N 0.133°W / 51.533; -0.133

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