Piccadilly line

Piccadilly line
A Piccadilly line train at Hillingdon
Overview
Type Deep Tube, sub-surface
System London Underground
Stations 53
Ridership 210.169 million (2011/12)[1] passenger journeys
Colour on map Dark blue
Website tfl.gov.uk
Operation
Opened 1906
Depot(s) Cockfosters
Northfields
Rolling stock 1973 Tube Stock
6 cars per trainset
Technical
Line length 71 km (44 mi)
Track gauge 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)
London Underground
Bakerloo
Central
Circle
District
Hammersmith & City
Jubilee
Metropolitan
Northern
Piccadilly
Victoria
Waterloo & City
Other lines
Docklands Light Railway
Tramlink
Overground
TfL Rail

The Piccadilly line (/ˌpɪkəˈdɪli/) is a London Underground line that runs between Cockfosters in suburban north London and Acton Town in the west, where it divides into two branches: one of these runs to Heathrow Airport and the other to Uxbridge in northwest London, with some services terminating at Rayners Lane.

Coloured dark blue (officially "Corporate Blue", Pantone 072) on the Tube map, it is the fourth-busiest line on the Underground network with over 210 million passenger journeys in 2011/12. It is partly a deep-level line, with a number of surface sections, mostly in its westernmost parts. It is named after Piccadilly, the street under which it runs between Hyde Park Corner and Piccadilly Circus. Some of its stations are shared with the District line (between South Kensington and Ealing Common) and some are shared with the Metropolitan line (from Rayners Lane to Uxbridge). It is the second-longest line on the system (after the Central line) and runs to the system's second-largest number of stations (after the District line).

The Piccadilly line serves many of London's key tourist attractions, including the British Museum (Russell Square), the numerous museums around South Kensington, Harrods (Knightsbridge), Hyde Park and Buckingham Palace (within walking distance of Green Park station), Leicester Square (with its own station) and Covent Garden (also with its own station).

History

The beginnings

An advertisement for some of the destinations on the Piccadilly line

The Piccadilly line began as the Great Northern, Piccadilly & Brompton Railway (GNP&BR), one of several railways controlled by the Underground Electric Railways Company of London (UERL), whose chief director was Charles Tyson Yerkes, although he died before any of his schemes came to fruition.

The GNP&BR was formed from the merger of two earlier, but unbuilt, tube-railway companies taken over in 1901 by Yerkes' consortium: the Great Northern & Strand Railway (GN&SR) and the Brompton & Piccadilly Circus Railway (B&PCR). The GN&SR's and B&PCR's separate routes were linked with an additional section between Piccadilly Circus and Holborn. A section of the District Railway's scheme for a deep-level tube line between South Kensington and Earl's Court was also added in order to complete the route.

When the GNP&BR was formally opened on 15 December 1906, the line ran from the Great Northern Railway's station at Finsbury Park to the District Railway's station at Hammersmith.

On 30 November 1907, the short branch from Holborn to the Strand (later renamed Aldwych) opened; it had been planned as the last section of the GN&SR before the amalgamation with the B&PCR. In 1905 (and again in 1965), plans were made to extend it the short distance south under the River Thames to Waterloo, but this never happened. Although built with twin tunnels, single-track shuttle operation became the norm on the branch from 1918 on, with the eastern tunnel closed to traffic.

Later changes

On 1 July 1910, the GNP&BR and the other UERL-owned tube railways (the Baker Street and Waterloo Railway, the Charing Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway) were merged by private Act of Parliament[2][3] to become the London Electric Railway Company.

On 10 December 1928, a rebuilt Piccadilly Circus station was opened. This included a sub-surface booking hall and eleven escalators, replacing the original lifts, and was the start of a renovation of the whole railway, including a comprehensive programme of station enlargement.

Extension to Cockfosters

Piccadilly line train at Eastcote station

From the 1920s onwards there had been severe congestion at the line's northern terminus, Finsbury Park, where travellers had to change on to trams, buses, or London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) main line trains for destinations in north and northeast London. There had been deputations made to Parliament asking for an early extension of the line either toward Tottenham and Edmonton, or toward Wood Green and Palmers Green.

The early 1930s was a time of severe recession, and government capital was made available in order to relieve unemployment. The chief features of the scheme were an extension northwards from Finsbury Park to Cockfosters. It was also planned to build a station between Manor House and Turnpike Lane at the junction of Green Lanes and St Ann's Road in Harringay, but this was stopped by Frank Pick, who felt that the bus and tram service at this point was adequate. However, a 'Ventilation station', in similar architectural style to tube stations of the time was provided at the site, and is visible today. There was also some opposition from the LNER to the line. The extension began from Finsbury Park to a point a little south of Arnos Grove. The total length of the extension is 12 km (7.5 mi): it cost £4 million to build and was opened in sections as follows:

Westward extensions

Powers to link with existing tracks west of Hammersmith were obtained in 1913. A Parliamentary report of 1919 recommended through running to Richmond and Ealing. By the end of the 1920s, the priority had shifted to serving the areas around Hounslow and north and west of Ealing. The outcome involved taking over the inner pair of tracks between Hammersmith and Acton Town as a non-stop service, while the Metropolitan District Railway would continue to provide the stopping service on the outer pair of tracks.[4] Construction of the linking sections started in 1930, and the services opened as follows.

  • to Uxbridge: the District Railway had operated services to Uxbridge since 1910. The District services were taken over by the Piccadilly line:
  • to Hounslow: the line from Acton Town was quadrupled to Northfields on 18 December 1932 and the Piccadilly line was extended:
    • 9 January 1933: to Northfields
    • 13 March 1933: to Hounslow West, in conjunction with the eastern extension to Enfield West.

These eastward and westward extensions feature Modernist architecture at their stations, many of them designed by Charles Holden, who was inspired by examples of Modernist architecture in mainland Europe. This influence can be seen in the bold vertical and horizontal forms, which were combined with the use of traditional materials like brick.[5] Many of these Holden-designed station are listed buildings.

Victoria line

During the planning stages of the Victoria line, a proposal was put forward to transfer Manor House station to the new line, and also to build new "direct" tunnels from Finsbury Park to Turnpike Lane station, thereby cutting the journey time in and out of central London. This idea was eventually rejected due to the inconvenience to passengers that would have been caused during rebuilding, as well as the costs of the new tunnels. Even so, the Piccadilly line was affected at Finsbury Park by the construction of the Victoria line. The westbound service was redirected through new tunnels, to give cross-platform interchange with the Victoria line on the platforms previously used by the Northern City Line. This work was completed in 1965, and the diversion came into use on 3 October 1965, three years before the opening of the first stage of the Victoria line.

Extension to Heathrow

Inside a Piccadilly line carriage

In 1975, a new tunnel section was opened to Hatton Cross from Hounslow West. Hounslow West became a tunnel section station. In 1977, the branch was extended to Heathrow Central. This station was renamed Heathrow Terminals 1, 2, 3 in 1984, with the opening of a one-way loop serving Heathrow Terminal 4, south of the central terminal area. To reflect the demolition of Terminal 1 at the end of June 2015, it was renamed again as Heathrow Terminals 2 & 3, although the station signage retains reference to the demolished terminal.

From 7 January 2005 until 17 September 2006, the loop via Heathrow Terminal 4 was closed to allow the connection of a spur line to the now operational Heathrow Terminal 5 station. All underground services reverted to two-way working into Terminals 2 & 3, which again became the temporary terminus; shuttle buses served Terminal 4 from the Hatton Cross bus station. For a brief period in summer 2006, the line terminated at Hatton Cross and shuttle buses also ran to Terminals 2 & 3 while the track configuration and tunnels were altered for the Terminal 5 link from that station. The station at Terminal 5 opened on 27 March 2008 on the same day Terminal 5 opened.

2005 terrorist attack

On 7 July 2005, a Piccadilly line train was attacked by suicide bomber Germaine Lindsay. The blast occurred at 08:50 BST while the train was between King's Cross St. Pancras and Russell Square. It was part of a co-ordinated attack on London's transport network, and was synchronised with three other attacks: two on the Circle line and one on a bus at Tavistock Square. A small high-explosive device, concealed in a rucksack, was used.

The Piccadilly line bomb resulted in the largest number of fatalities, with 26 people reported killed. Owing to it being a deep-level line, evacuation of station users and access for the emergency services proved difficult. Parts of the line re-opened on 8 July, and full service was restored on 4 August, four weeks after the bomb.

Infrastructure

Signalling

The line from Cockfosters to Heathrow and South Harrow is controlled from a control centre at Earl's Court, which too is shared with the District line controlling the line from Ealing Broadway, Kensington (Olympia) and Parsons Green to High Street Kensington and Tower Hill.[6] Rayners Lane signal cabin is responsible for signalling the Piccadilly line from South Harrow to Uxbridge as well as the Metropolitan line joining at Rayners Lane.[7] The signalling infrastructure is scheduled to be upgraded but at present still runs on an 'obsolete,' system which originated in the 1950s. [8]

Service pattern

Piccadilly line services are generally as follows:[9]

  • Peak services at 24 tph in the core section between Acton Town and Arnos Grove:
    • 6 tph Cockfosters - Heathrow Terminals 4 & 2,3
    • 6 tph Arnos Grove - Heathrow Terminals 2,3 & 5
    • 12 tph Cockfosters - Rayners Lane (most services continue to Uxbridge)
  • Off-Peak services at 21 tph in the core section between Acton Town and Arnos Grove:
    • 6 tph Cockfosters - Heathrow Terminals 4 & 2,3
    • 6 tph Cockfosters - Heathrow Terminals 2,3 & 5
    • 6 tph Cockfosters - Rayners Lane (3 tph continue to Uxbridge)
    • 3 tph Arnos Grove - Northfields
  • Night Tube:
    • 6 tph Cockfosters - Heathrow Terminals 2,3 & 5

Often late evening services terminate at Oakwood instead of Cockfosters.

Trains also make an additional stop at Turnham Green in the early morning and late evening but do not call there during the main part of the day due to capacity constraints with signalling.

Other services operate at times, especially at the start and towards the end of the traffic day.

Since 16 December 2016, there is a 24-hour Night Tube service on Friday and Saturday nights from Heathrow Terminal 5 to Cockfosters, but not from Uxbridge to Acton Town or the Heathrow Terminal 4 loop.[10]

Map

Rolling stock

Piccadilly line trains of 1973 stock at Rayners Lane in 2005

Like most Underground lines, the Piccadilly line is operated by a single type of rolling stock, in this case the 1973 tube stock, in the standard London Underground livery of blue, white and red. Seventy-nine trains out of a fleet of 86 are needed to run the line's peak service. One unit (166-566-366) was severely damaged by the terrorist attack of 7 July 2005.

The stock was refurbished by Bombardier Transportation between 1995 and 2000.[11] Changes included the removal of transverse seating, strap hangers replaced with grab bars, new floor material and a full repaint into London Underground's corporate livery.[12]

The line was previously worked by 1959 stock, 1956 stock, 1938 stock, standard tube stock and 1906 gate stock.

The line has two depots, at Northfieldsmap 55 and Cockfosters.map 54 There are sidings at Oakwood, South Harrow, Arnos Grove, Rayners Lane, Down Street, Wood Green, Acton Town, Ruislip and Uxbridge.

List of stations

Piccadilly line
 Cockfosters
 
Cockfosters
depot
 
 Oakwood
 Southgate
 Arnos Grove
Arnos Grove sidings
 Bounds Green
 Wood Green
 Turnpike Lane
Harringay (St. Ann's Road)
proposed but never built
 Manor House
 Finsbury Park Victoria Line National Rail
to Victoria line
 Arsenal
 Holloway Road
 Caledonian Road
 York Road
King's Cross St. Pancras
Circle line (London Underground) Hammersmith & City Line Metropolitan Line Northern Line Victoria Line National Rail
to Northern line
 Russell Square
 Holborn Central line (London Underground)
 Aldwych
 Covent Garden
 Leicester Square Northern Line
 Piccadilly Circus Bakerloo Line
 Green Park Jubilee Line Victoria Line
 Down Street
 Hyde Park Corner
 Knightsbridge
 Brompton Road
 South Kensington Circle line (London Underground) District Line
 Gloucester Road Circle line (London Underground) District Line
 Earl's Court District Line
District line
to Edgware Road
 Barons Court District Line
 Hammersmith Circle line (London Underground) District Line Hammersmith & City Line
Non-stop section
Non-stop section
Ravenscourt Park (District Line)
 Stamford Brook (District Line)
Turnham Green (District Line)
limited Piccadilly line services
District line
to Richmond
 Chiswick Park (District Line)
Acton works
 Acton Town District Line
Ealing Common depot
Ealing Common District Line
Great Western Main Line
Left arrow to London Paddington Right arrow to Bristol
Central line
Left arrow via Bank Right arrow to Ealing Broadway
District line
to Ealing Broadway
 North Ealing
 Park Royal
Central line
UpperLeft arrow via Bank LowerRight arrow to West Ruislip
Acton–Northolt Line
 
 Park Royal & Twyford Abbey
River Brent
Grand Union Canal
(Paddington branch)
 Alperton
 Sudbury Town
 Sudbury Hill
Chiltern Main Line
UpperLeft arrow to Marylebone LowerRight arrow via South Ruislip
 South Harrow
Metropolitan line
to Aldgate
 Rayners Lane Metropolitan Line
joint with Metropolitan line
joint with Metropolitan line
Eastcote Metropolitan Line
 Ruislip Manor Metropolitan Line
 Ruislip Metropolitan Line
Chiltern Main Line
LowerLeft arrow via West Ruislip UpperRight arrow to Marylebone
Central line
LowerLeft arrow to West Ruislip UpperRight arrow via Bank
to Ruislip Central line depot
 Ickenham Metropolitan Line
 Hillingdon Metropolitan Line
Uxbridge depot
 Uxbridge
(original site)
 Uxbridge Metropolitan Line
South Ealing
Northfields
Northfields depot
Boston Manor
M4 motorway
Grand Junction Canal
Brentford Branch Line
 Osterley & Spring Grove
 Osterley
Hounslow East │ Hounslow Town
Hounslow Central
Hounslow West
River Crane
 Hatton Cross
Heathrow Terminals 2 & 3 London Heathrow Airport Elizabeth Line Template:Heathrow rail services
 Heathrow Terminal 4 London Heathrow Airport Elizabeth Line
Heathrow Terminal 5 London Heathrow Airport Template:Heathrow rail services
Notice found inside all Piccadilly line trains explaining step-free access
Notice found inside all Piccadilly line trains explaining alternative routes to Covent Garden

Open stations

Cockfosters branch

Cockfosters branch
StationImageOpenedAdditional information
Cockfosters31 July 1933One of the two depots is located heremap 1
Oakwood 13 March 1933Opened as Enfield West; renamed Enfield West Oakwood 3 May 1934; renamed 1 September 1946map 2
Southgate13 March 1933In deep-level tunnelmap 3
Arnos Grove19 September 1932Trains may terminate here: there are several sidings for stabling trainsmap 4
Tunnel section starts
Bounds Green19 September 1932map 5
Wood Green19 September 1932map 6
Turnpike Lane19 September 1932map 7
Manor House19 September 1932map 8
Original section
Finsbury Park National Rail15 December 1906map 9
Arsenal15 December 1906Opened as Gillespie Road; renamed Arsenal (Highbury Hill) 31 October 1932; the suffix was later dropped in 1960map 10
Holloway Road15 December 1906map 11
Caledonian Road 15 December 1906map 12
King's Cross St. Pancras National Rail15 December 1906Opened as King's Cross; renamed King's Cross for St. Pancras 1927; renamed 1933map 13
Russell Square15 December 1906map 14
Holborn15 December 1906Renamed Holborn (Kingsway) 22 May 1933; the suffix was later dropped.map 15
Covent Garden11 April 1907map 16
Leicester Square15 December 1906map 17
Piccadilly Circus15 December 1906map 18
Green Park 15 December 1906Opened as Dover Street; renamed 18 September 1933map 19
Hyde Park Corner15 December 1906In the event of disruption, trains may reverse here via a crossovermap 20
Knightsbridge15 December 1906map 21
South Kensington8 January 1907map 22
Gloucester Road15 December 1906map 23
Earl's Court 15 December 1906map 24
Tunnel section ends
Barons Court15 December 1906map 25
Hammersmith 15 December 1906map 26

Extension to Hounslow and Uxbridge

Extension to Hounslow and Uxbridge
StationImageOpenedAdditional information
Turnham Green1 January 1869Originally the London and South Western Railway; first served by the Piccadilly line 23 June 1963map 27
Acton Town 1 July 1879Originally the District Railway, later District line; first served by the Piccadilly line 4 July 1932map 28
The line splits here into two branches – the Heathrow branch and the Uxbridge branch.

Heathrow branch

Continuing from Acton Town
StationImageOpenedAdditional information
South Ealing1 May 1883Originally the District Railway, later District line; first served by the Piccadilly line 29 April 1935map 29
Northfields16 April 1908Originally the District line (one of the two depots is here and some trains terminate here); first served by the Piccadilly line 9 January 1933map 30
Boston Manor1 May 1883Originally the District line; first served by the Piccadilly line 13 March 1933map 31
Osterley23 March 1934map 32
Hounslow East 2 May 1909Opened as Hounslow Town by the District line, renamed 1 December 1925; first served by the Piccadilly line 13 March 1933map 33
Hounslow Central1 April 1886Opened as Heston-Hounslow by the District line, renamed 1 December 1925; first served by the Piccadilly line 13 March 1933map 34
Start of tunnel section
Hounslow West 21 July 1884Opened as Hounslow Barracks by the District line, renamed 1 December 1925; first served by the Piccadilly line 13 March 1933; resited 19 July 1975map 35
Hatton Cross19 July 1975map 36
Heathrow Terminal 4 12 April 1986map 37
Heathrow Terminals 2 & 3 16 December 1977Opened as Heathrow Central; renamed Heathrow Central Terminals 1, 2, 3 on 3 September 1983; renamed Heathrow Terminals 1, 2, & 3 on 12 April 1986; renamed Heathrow Terminals 2 & 3 in January 2016map 38
Heathrow Terminal 5 27 March 2008map 39

Just beyond Heathrow Terminals 2 & 3 tube station, the line goes into a new section to serve Heathrow Terminal 5 tube station, which opened in March 2008. Half of all Heathrow trains use the loop and serve Terminal 4 and the other half omit Terminal 4 and serve Terminal 5.[13]

Uxbridge branch

Continuing from Acton Town
StationImageOpenedAdditional information
Ealing Common1 July 1879Originally the District line; first served by the Piccadilly line 4 July 1932map 40
North Ealing23 June 1903Originally the District line; first served by the Piccadilly line 4 July 1932map 41
Park Royal6 July 1931Originally the District line; first served by the Piccadilly line 4 July 1932; renamed Park Royal (Hanger Hill) 1 March 1936; renamed 1947map 42
Alperton28 June 1903Opened as Perivale-Alperton by the District line; renamed 7 October 1910; first served by the Piccadilly line 4 July 1932map 43
Sudbury Town 28 June 1903Originally the District line; first served by the Piccadilly line 4 July 1932map 44
Sudbury Hill (National Rail Sudbury Hill Harrow)28 June 1903Originally the District line; first served by the Piccadilly line 4 July 1932map 45
South Harrow28 June 1903Originally the District line; first served by the Piccadilly line 4 July 1932; closed when relocated 4 July 1935; reopened 5 July 1935map 46
Rayners Lane1 March 1910Originally the District line; first served by the Piccadilly line 23 October 1933 (from here to Uxbridge trains share track with Metropolitan line, and some trains terminate here)map 47
Eastcote1 March 1910Originally the District line; first served by the Piccadilly line 23 October 1933map 48
Ruislip Manor5 August 1912Originally the District line; first served by the Piccadilly line 23 October 1933map 49
Ruislip1 March 1910Originally the District line; first served by the Piccadilly line 23 October 1933 (some trains terminate here in Monday-Friday peak hours)map 50
Ickenham1 March 1910Originally the District line; first served by the Piccadilly line 23 October 1933map 51
Hillingdon 10 December 1923Originally the District line; first served by the Piccadilly line 23 October 1933; renamed Hillingdon (Swakeleys) April 1934; the suffix was later dropped; closed when relocated 5 December 1992; re-opened 6 December 1992map 52
Uxbridge 1 March 1910Terminus. Originally the District line; first served by the Piccadilly line 23 October 1933; closed when relocated 3 December 1938; re-opened 4 December 1938map 53

Closed stations

The Aldwych branch
  • Aldwych opened on 30 November 1907 as the Strand tube station. It was at the end of a branch line from the main line at Holborn. An evening through-northbound 'Theatre' train ran until 1910. From 1917 onwards, it was served by a shuttle from Holborn. In the same year it was renamed Aldwych when Charing Cross on the Northern line was renamed Strand. It was temporarily closed in 1940 during World War II to be used as an air-raid shelter. It re-opened in 1946. The possibility of extending the branch to Waterloo was discussed, but the scheme never proceeded.[14] Aldwych was closed on 30 September 1994; the level of use was said to be too low to justify the £1 million in estimated costs of a complete replacement of the lifts. The station is regularly used by film makers.
  • Brompton Road opened 15 December 1906; closed 30 July 1934, between Knightsbridge and South Kensington.
  • Down Street opened 15 December 1906; closed 21 May 1932, between Green Park and Hyde Park Corner.
  • Osterley & Spring Grove first served 13 March 1933; closed 24 March 1934 between Boston Manor and Hounslow East. It was replaced by Osterley.
  • Park Royal & Twyford Abbey opened 23 June 1903; closed 5 July 1931. Although on the route of the current Piccadilly line, a short distance north of the present Park Royal station, it was never served by Piccadilly line trains. It was opened by the District line, the original operator of the line between Ealing Common and South Harrow, and was closed and replaced by the present Park Royal station before the Piccadilly line started running trains to South Harrow in 1932.
  • York Road opened 15 December 1906; closed 19 September 1932, between King's Cross St Pancras and Caledonian Road. It has been suggested[15] that this station may be reopened to serve new developments on the nearby Kings Cross railway lands, but this idea is not being progressed at present. The road the station served, 'York Road', has since been renamed 'York Way'.

Future upgrades

The Piccadilly line is to be upgraded under the New Tube for London scheme, involving new trains as well as new signalling, increasing the line's capacity by some 24% and reducing journey times by one fifth.[16] Bids for new rolling stock were originally submitted in 2008. However, after the acquisition of Tube Lines by Transport for London in June 2010, this order was cancelled and the upgrade postponed.[17]

LUL then invited Alstom, Bombardier and Siemens Mobility to develop a new concept of lightweight, low-energy, semi-articulated train for the deep-level lines, provisionally called "Evo" (for 'evolution'). Siemens publicised an outline design featuring air-conditioning and battery power to enable the train to run on to the next station if third and fourth rail power were lost. It would have a lower floor and 11% higher passenger capacity than the present tube stock.[18] There would be a weight saving of 30 tonnes, and the trains would be 17% more energy-efficient with air-conditioning included, or 30% more energy-efficient without it.[19] Siemens Mobility was awarded a £1.5 billion contract in June 2018 to produce the new trains at a planned factory in Goole, East Yorkshire.[20]

The intention is for the new trains to eventually operate on the Bakerloo, Central, Piccadilly and Waterloo & City lines.[21] On current plans, resignalling work on the Piccadilly line will begin in 2019,[22] and new trains are due to enter service in 2023.[20]

There are also some proposals, predominantly by Slough Borough Council, to extend the line towards Slough railway station from Heathrow Terminal 5 station.[23] A number of routes have been proposed, and the main ones pass very close to but do not call at Windsor.[23]

See also

  • Leslie Green – architect of the Great Northern, Piccadilly & Brompton Railway's early stations

Maps

References

Notes
  1. ↑ "LU Performance Data Almanac". Transport for London. 2011–2012. Archived from the original on 2012-08-03. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
  2. ↑ "No. 28311". The London Gazette. 23 November 1909. pp. 8816–8818.
  3. ↑ The merger was carried out by transferring the assets of the CCE&HR and the BS&WR to the GNP&BR and renaming the GNP&BR as the London Electric Railway.
  4. ↑ Barker & Robbins 1974, p. 252.
  5. ↑ "Underground Journeys: Changing the face of London Underground". Royal Institute of British Architects. Archived from the original on 4 May 2011. Retrieved 19 February 2011.
  6. ↑ Signalman, Llangollen (6 November 2013). "Earls Court Control Room". Flickr. Retrieved 14 July 2017.
  7. ↑ Signalman, Llangollen (1 October 2015). "Rayners Lane". Flickr. Retrieved 14 July 2017.
  8. ↑ http://www.islingtongazette.co.uk/news/piccadilly-line-trains-still-run-by-obsolete-signalling-system-from-the-1950s-1-5517895
  9. ↑ TFL. "London Underground Working Timetable" (PDF). TFL.
  10. ↑ "The Night Tube". tfl.gov.uk. Transport for London. Retrieved 14 July 2017.
  11. ↑ "1973". Transport for London. n.d. Retrieved 20 April 2013.
  12. ↑ "1973 tube stock". Squarewheels.org.uk. 8 November 2010. Retrieved 20 April 2013.
  13. ↑ "Piccadilly line's new timetable". Transport for London. 8 January 2008. Archived from the original on 27 February 2008.
  14. ↑ "More tube lines discussed: Easing travel load". The Times. London. 27 April 1965. p. 7.
  15. ↑ "York Way Station". Alwaystouchout.com. 11 January 2006. Retrieved 11 July 2008.
  16. ↑ "Tube improvement plan: Piccadilly line". Transport for London. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
  17. ↑ Ford, Roger (October 2010). "Rolling stock famine deepens as Bombardier feasts on past orders". Modern Railways. 67 (745). London. p. 22.
  18. ↑ Waboso, David (December 2010). "Transforming the tube". Modern Railways. London. p. 44.
  19. ↑ "Siemens unveils London Underground concept train". Railway Gazette International. London. 20 June 2011.
  20. 1 2 "East Yorkshire factory wins £1.5bn Tube train deal". BBC News. 15 June 2018. Retrieved 15 June 2018.
  21. ↑ "Siemens reveals innovative air-con for deep Tube trains". Rail (673). Peterborough. 29 June 2011. p. 12.
  22. ↑ "Business Plan 2013" (PDF). Transport for London. December 2013. p. 35.
  23. 1 2 "Slough Borough Council presentation" (PDF). Thames Valley Chamber of Commerce Group. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 August 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
Bibliography

  • Barker, T.C.; Robbins, Michael (1974). A History of London Transport: Volume two – the Twentieth Century to 1970. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd. ISBN 0-04-385067-7.
  • Croome, Desmond F. (1998). The Piccadilly Line – An Illustrated History. London: Capital Transport Publishing. ISBN 1-85414-192-9.
  • Horne, Mike (2007). The Piccadilly Tube – A History of the First Hundred Years. London: Capital Transport. ISBN 978-1-85414-305-1.
  • Lee, Charles E. (1966). Sixty Years of the Piccadilly. London: London Transport.
  • Lee, Charles E. (1973). The Piccadilly Line: a brief history. London: London Transport. ISBN 0-85329-042-3.

Route map:

KML is from Wikidata
  • "Piccadilly line facts". London Underground — Key Facts. Transport for London. Archived from the original on 10 February 2014. Retrieved 12 April 2011.
  • "The Piccadilly Line – History". www.krysstal.com. KryssTal. Retrieved 12 April 2011.
  • "Underground Journeys: Changing the face of London Underground Illustrated history of the Piccadilly line 1920-1930s". www.architecture.com. Royal Institute of British Architects. Archived from the original on 4 May 2011. Retrieved 19 February 2011.
  • Piccadilly line on Twitter Edit this at Wikidata
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