List of state leaders in the 15th century

State leaders in the 14th century – State leaders in the 16th century – State leaders by year

This is a list of state leaders in the 15th century (1401–1500) AD.

These polities are generally sovereign states, but excludes minor dependent territories, whose leaders can be found listed under territorial governors in the 15th century. For completeness, these lists can include colonies, protectorates, or other dependent territories that have since gained sovereignty.

Africa

Africa: Central

Angola

Cameroon

  • Nchare Yen, Mfon (1394–1418)
  • Ngoupou, Mfon (1418–1461)
  • Monjou, Mfon (1461–1498)
  • Mengap, Mfon (1498–1519)

São Tomé and Príncipe

Colony, 1470–1951
For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Africa: East

Great Lakes area

Rwanda
Uganda
  • Kimera, Kabaka (c.1374–c.1404)
  • Ttembo, Kabaka (c.1404–c.1434)
  • Kiggala, Kabaka (c.1434–c.1464, c.1484–c.1494)
  • Kiyimba, Kabaka (c.1464–c.1484)
  • Kayima, Kabaka (c.1494–c.1524)

Horn of Africa area

Ethiopia
  • Shongetato (also known as the Girra king), King (1425–1460)
  • Odhe/Addiotato, King (1460–1495)
  • Sadi or Shaddi/Shaditato, King (1495–1530)
  • Shongetato (also known as the Girra king), King (1425–1460)
  • Odhe/Addiotato, King (1460–1495)
  • Sadi or Shaddi/Shaditato, King (1495–1530)
  • Kaba Seyon, Hinnare-tato (c.1450–1530)
Somalia
  • Garaad Siciid, King (1392–1409)
  • Garaad Ahmed, King (1409–1430)
  • Garaad Siciid II, King (1430–1450)
  • Garaad Mohamud II, King (1450–1479)
  • Garaad Ciise II, King (1479–1487)
  • Garaad Omar, King (1487–1495)
  • Garaad Ali Dable, King (1491–1503)

Africa: Northeast

Egypt

Africa: Northcentral

Ifriqiya

Africa: Northwest

Morocco

Marinid dynasty
Idrisid interlude
  • Muhammad ibn Ali Amrani-Joutey, Sultan (1465–1471)
Wattasid dynasty
  • Muhammad ibn Yahya, Sultan (1472–1505)

Africa: South

Mozambique

Colony, 1498–1972
For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Africa: West

Benin

  • Orobiru, Oba (1397–1434)[4]
  • Uwaifiokun, Oba (1434–1440)
  • Ezoti, Oba (1473–1474) [5]
  • Ewuare I, Oba (1440–1473)
  • Olua, Oba (1475–1480)
  • Ozolua, Oba (1480–1504)

Burkina Faso

  • Tenin, Nunbado (1395–1425)
  • Tokurma, Nunbado (1425–1470)
  • Gima, Nunbado (1470–1520)

Cape Verde

Colony, 1462–1951
For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Guinea-Bissau

Colony, 1474–1951
For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Nigeria

  • Bir III, Mai (1383–1415)
  • Uthman III Kaliwama, Mai (1415–1415)
  • Dunama III, Mai (1415–1417)
  • Abdallah III Dakumuni, Mai (1417–1425)
  • Ibrahim II, Mai (1425–1433)
  • Kaday III, Mai (1433–1434)
  • Ahmad Dunama IV, Mai (1434–1438)
  • Muhammad II, Mai (1438)
  • Amr, Mai (1438–1439)
  • Muhammad III, Mai (1439)
  • Ghazi, Mai (1439–1444)
  • Uthman IV, Mai (1444–1449)
  • Umar II, Mai (1449–1450)
  • Muhammad IV, Mai (1450–1455)
  • Ali Gazi, Mai (1455–1487)
  • Idris Katarkamabi, Mai (1487–1509)
  • Kori, Alaafin (c.1400–?)
  • Oluaso, Alaafin (?–c.1500)
  • Kanejeji, Sultan (1390–1410)
  • Umaru, Sultan (1410–1421)
  • Daud, Sultan (1421–1438)
  • Abdullah Burja, Sultan (1438–1452)
  • Dakauta, Sultan (1452)
  • Atuma, Sultan (1452)
  • Yaquled (1452–1463)
  • Muhammad Rumfa, Sultan (1463–1499)
  • Abdullahi dan Rumfa, Sultan (1499–1509)

Senegal

  • Mbegan Ndour, Maad Saloum (c.1493)[7]

Asia

Asia: Central

Kazakhstan

From 1370 on, the Chagatai Khans were puppets of Timur
  • Yunus, Khan of Western Moghulistan (1462–1469)
  • Dost Muhammad, Khan of Eastern Moghulistan (1462–1468)
  • Kebek Oghlan, Khan of Eastern Moghulistan (1469)
  • Yunus, Khan of All Moghulistan (1469–1487)
  • Ahmad Alaq, Khan of Eastern Moghulistan (1487–1503)
  • Mahmud, Khan of Western Moghulistan (1487–1508)
  • Engke Temür, Khan (1393-1405)
Vassal of China, 1404–1430s
  • Toqto, Khan (1405-1411)
  • Mengli Temür, Khan (1411-1425)
Vassal of the Northern Yuan dynasty, 1430s–1455
  • Budaširi, Khan (1425-1439)
  • Khalīl sulṭān, Khan (1439-1457)
Vassal of China, 1455–1457
  • Bürege, Khan (1457-1460)
  • Nugandaširi, Khan (1460-1472)
  • Baγ Temür, Rival Khan (1466-1472)
  • Qanšin, Khan (1472-1488)
  • Engke Bolad, Khan (1488-1492, 1493-1497)
  • Šamba, Khan (1492-1493, 1497-1505)

Russia

  • Mahmud, Khan (1459–1465)
  • Ahmed, Khan (1465–1481)
  • Shayk Ahmad, Khan (1481–1498, 1499–1502)
  • Murtada, Khan (1498–1499)
  • Baraq, Khan (1423–1428)
  • Muhammed, Khan (1428–1431)
  • Mustafa, Khan (1431–1446)

Tibet

  • rNam rgyal lde, King (1396?–1424)
  • Nam mkha'i dBang po Phun tshogs lde, King (1424–1449)
  • rNam ri Sang rgyas lde, King (1449–?)
  • bLo bzang Rab brtan, King (?–c.1485)
  • sTod tsha 'Phags pa lha, King (c.1485–post-1499)

Uzbekistan

Asia: East

China: Ming dynasty

Japan: Main

Japan: Ryukyu

Tributary state of the Ming dynasty
  • Bunei, Chief (1398–1406)
Tributary state of the Ming dynasty
  • Oueishi, Chief (1388–1402)
  • Ououso, Chief (1403–1413)
  • Tafuchi, Chief (1413–1414)
  • Taromai, Chief (1415–1429)
Tributary state of the Ming dynasty
First Shō Dynasty
Tributary state of the Ming dynasty, 1429–1644
Second Shō Dynasty

Korea

Mongolia

  • Batula, leader (1399–1408)
  • Togoon Taishi, leader (1408–1438)
  • Esen, leader (1438–1454)
  • Amasanj, leader (1454–1455)
  • Ishtömör (Ush-Temür), leader (1455–1469)

Asia: South

Bengal

Maldives

Sri Lanka

Asia: Southeast

Europe

Europe: British Isles

Scotland

Ireland

  • Art Óg mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1375–1417)
  • Donnchadh mac Art mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1417–1478)
  • Domhnall Riabhach mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1478)
  • Muircheartach mac Donnchadh mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1478–1512)

Europe: Central

Europe: East

Europe: Nordic

Europe: Southcentral

Europe: Southwest

Iberian Peninsula: Christian

Marca Hispanica

Europe: West

Eurasia: Caucasus

References

  1. ↑ C.F. Beckingham and G.W.B. Huntingford, Some Records of Ethiopia, 1593–1646 (London: Hakluyt Society, 1954), p. lvi. Amnon Orent, "Refocusing on the History of Kafa prior to 1897: A Discussion of Political Processes" in African Historical Studies, Vol. 3, No. 2. (1970), p. 268.
  2. ↑ C.F. Beckingham and G.W.B. Huntingford, Some Records of Ethiopia, 1593–1646 (London: Hakluyt Society, 1954), p. lvi. Amnon Orent, "Refocusing on the History of Kafa prior to 1897: A Discussion of Political Processes" in African Historical Studies, Vol. 3, No. 2. (1970), p. 268.
  3. ↑ Information about pre-Oromo kings from Werner J. Lange, History of the Southern Gonga (Southwestern Ethiopia), (Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner, 1982), pp. 28–30.
  4. ↑ "Oba Ewuare II Coronation Speech 2016". Retrieved 2017-07-09.
  5. ↑ Ben-Amos (1995). The Art of Benin Revised Edition. p. 32.
  6. ↑ Dates calculated on the basis of Lange, Diwan, 77-94; id., Kingdoms, 552.
  7. ↑ Ba, Abdou Bouri, « Essai sur l’histoire du Saloum et du Rip » (avant-propos par Charles Becker et Victor Martin), Bulletin de l'IFAN, tome 38, série B, numéro 4, octobre 1976 "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-04-15. Retrieved 2012-03-09.
  8. ↑ L. Petech (1980), 'Ya-ts'e, Gu-ge, Pu-rang: A new study', The Central Asiatic Journal 24, pp. 85–111; R. Vitali (1996), The kingdoms of Gu.ge Pu.hrang. Dharamsala: Tho.ling gtsug.lag.khang.
  9. ↑ Giuseppe Tucci, Tibetan Painted Scrolls. [Rome 1949; Giuseppe Tucci, Deb T'er Dmar Po Gsarma. Rome 1971; Per K. Sørensen & Guntram Hazod, Rulers on the Celestial Plain. Wien 2007; Olaf Czaja, Medieval rule in Tibet, Vol. I-II. Wien 2013.
  10. ↑ Giuseppe Tucci, 1949; Giuseppe Tucci, 1971; Olaf Czaja, 2013.
  11. ↑ His wife was Adelheid of Pomerania; their daughter, Sophie of Saxe-Lauenburg (before 1428–1473), was married to Gerhard VII, Duke of Jülich-Berg.
  12. ↑ His wife was Dorothea of Brandenburg (ca. 1446–March 1519, daughter of Frederick II, Elector of Brandenburg). Their children were Eric of Saxe-Lauenburg (1472–20 October 1522; Eric I as Prince-Bishop of Münster, Eric II as Prince-Bishop of Hildesheim) and Sophia of Saxe-Lauenburg (m. ca. 1420, d. 1462; mother of Eric II, Duke of Pomerania).
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