List of municipalities in New Brunswick

Map of Canada with New Brunswick highlighted in red
Location of New Brunswick in Canada
Map showing locations of all of New Brunswick's municipalities
Distribution of New Brunswick's 107 municipalities and rural communities by municipal status type

New Brunswick is the eighth-most populous province in Canada with 747,101 residents as of the 2016 Census, and the third-smallest province in land area at 71,389 km2 (27,563 sq mi).[1] New Brunswick's 107 municipalities[2] cover only 9.9% of the province's land mass but are home to 68.7% of its population.

Municipalities in New Brunswick may incorporate under the Municipalities Act of 1973 as a city, town, village, regional municipality, or rural community.[3] Municipal governments are led by elected councils and are responsible for the delivery of services such as civic administration, land use planning, emergency measures, policing, road, and garbage collection.[4] New Brunswick has 8 cities, 26 towns, 65 villages, 1 regional municipality, and 7 rural communities.[4][5] Although rural communities are under the Municipalities Act, the provincial government distinguishes them from municipalities.[6]

In 1785, Saint John became the first community in what would eventually become Canada to incorporate as a city.[7] Moncton is New Brunswick's largest municipality by population with 71,889 residents and Saint John is the largest urban municipality by land area at 315.96 km2 (121.99 sq mi).[8] Approximately one-third of the residents of New Brunswick do not live in municipalities but reside in local service districts, which are unincorporated communities administered by the Minister of Environment and Local Government and have no local government of their own.[4]

Cities

The Lieutenant-Governor in Council may incorporate a town as a city under the Municipal Act if it has a population of at least 10,000.[3] Cities already in existence on January 1, 1967 continue to be incorporated regardless of population.[3] New Brunswick had eight cities that had a cumulative population of 275,965 in the 2016 Census.[8] Moncton is New Brunswick's largest city by population with 71,889 residents and Saint John is the largest by land area 315.96 km2 (121.99 sq mi) respectively.[8] Campbellton is New Brunswick's smallest city by population and land area with 6,883 residents and 18.58 km2 (7.17 sq mi).[8]

Towns

The Lieutenant-Governor in Council may incorporate a village as a town under the Municipal Act if it has a population of 1,500 or more, and provides a level of services that the Minister of Environment and Local Government considers appropriate.[3] Towns already in existence on January 1, 1967 continue to be incorporated regardless of population.[3] New Brunswick had 26 towns that had a cumulative population of 128,746 in the 2016 Census.[8] New Brunswick's largest town by population is Riverview with 19,667 residents and largest town by area is Sackville with a land area of 74.17 km2 (28.64 sq mi).[8] New Brunswick's smallest town by population is Nackawic with 941 residents and the smallest by land area is Saint-Quentin at 4.24 km2 (1.64 sq mi).[8]

Villages

In the 2016 Census, New Brunswick's 65 villages had a cumulative population of 72,880.[8] New Brunswick's largest village by population is Memramcook with 4,778 residents and largest village by area is Belledune with a land area of 189.47 km2 (73.15 sq mi).[8] New Brunswick's smallest village by population is Meductic with 173 residents and the smallest by land area is Bath at 2.00 km2 (0.77 sq mi).[8]

Regional municipalities

New Brunswick's first and only regional municipality was incorporated on May 12, 2014.[9] The Regional Municipality of Tracadie was formed through the amalgamation of the former Town of Tracadie–Sheila, eighteen local service districts and portions of two other local service districts.[9] Regional municipalities must have a population greater than 15,000 and a community grouping that includes at least one municipality.[4] Regional municipalities elect a local council but are responsible only for community administration, planning and emergency measures services, and all services previously provided by any former municipality that is now part of the regional municipality.[4] The Province of New Brunswick is responsible for police protection and road services, unless the regional municipality chooses to assume these responsibilities.[4]

Rural communities

New Brunswick seven rural communities, an increase from four as of the 2011 census following the incorporations of Kedgwick in 2012 and Cocagne and Hanwell in 2014.[lower-alpha 1] These seven rural communities had a cumulative population of 19,616 in the 2016 Census.[8] New Brunswick's largest and smallest rural communities are Beaubassin East and Saint-André with populations of 6,376 and 772 respectively.[8] Rural communities elect local councils and are responsible for the delivery of some local services, including administrative services, community planning and emergency measures.[4] The province of New Brunswick ensures the delivery of other services including solid waste collection and recreation services unless the rural community chooses to take on these responsibilities.[4] Rural communities that include a former village or town are an exception, as they are responsible to provide all services that were previously provided by their former municipality.[4]

Haut-Madawaska

In a 2016 plebiscite, the residents of five local service districts and part of one other (the parish of Baker Brook, the parish of Clair, the parish of Lac Baker, the parish of Saint-François, the parish of Saint-Hilaire, and part of the parish of Madawaska) and four villages (Baker Brook, Clair, Saint-François de Madawaska and Saint-Hilaire) within the New Brunswick Panhandle voted 493 to 299 in favour of incorporating a new rural community under the name of Haut-Madawaska;[13] the incorporation took effect July 1, 2017.[14] The plebiscite was the second in as many years. In 2015, a similar plebiscite was held that also included a fifth village, Lac Baker. The residents of all communities involved voted in favour of incorporation as a rural community with the exception of Lac Baker's residents, thereby defeating the proposal.[15]

List of municipalities

BathurstCity191211,897 12,275 −3.1%92.04129.3/km2
CampbelltonCity18886,883 7,385 −6.8%18.58370.5/km2
DieppeCity195225,384 23,310 +8.9%54.05469.6/km2
EdmundstonCity195216,580 16,032 +3.4%106.85155.2/km2
FrederictonCity184858,270[16] 56,224 +3.6%132.57439.5/km2
MiramichiCity199517,537 17,811 −1.5%179.4797.7/km2
MonctonCity189071,889 69,074 +4.1%141.92506.5/km2
Saint JohnCity178567,575 70,063 −3.6%315.96213.9/km2
TracadieRegional municipality2014[17]16,114 16,137 −0.1%516.6131.2/km2
Beaubassin EastRural community1995[18]6,376 6,200 +2.8%291.0821.9/km2
Campobello IslandRural community2010[19]872 925 −5.7%39.6722.0/km2
CocagneRural community2014[11]2,649 2,540 +4.3%66.7839.7/km2
HanwellRural community2014[12]4,700[16] 4,740 −0.8%151.3231.1/km2
Kedgwick[lower-alpha 2]Rural community2012[10]1,964[16] 2,089 −6.0%658.083.0/km2
Saint-AndréRural community2006[20]772 819 −5.7%8.0496.0/km2
Upper MiramichiRural community2008[21]2,218 2,373 −6.5%1,835.401.2/km2
Total cities — — 276,065 272,174 +1.4% 1,041.44 265.1/km2
Total regional municipality — — 16,114 16,137 −0.1% 516.61 31.2/km2
Total rural communities — — 19,551 19,686 −0.7% 3,050.37 6.4/km2
Total towns — — 128,746 129,311 −0.4% 636.49 202.3/km2
Total villages — — 72,880 75,325 −3.2% 1,810.93 40.2/km2
Total municipalities — — 513,321 512,633 +0.1% 7,055.84 72.8/km2
Province of New Brunswick — — 747,101 751,171 −0.5% 71,388.81 10.5/km2

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Kedgwick was incorporated as a rural community through the amalgamation of the former Village of Kedgwick with the former local service district of the parish of Grimmer,[10] while Cocagne and Hanwell were previously local service districts.[11][12]
  2. ↑ Figures include the local service district of the parish of Grimmer which was incorporated with Kedgwick in 2012[10]

References

  1. ↑ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data". Statistics Canada. February 8, 2017. Retrieved February 11, 2017.
  2. ↑ "Welcome to the Association of Municipal Administrators of New Brunswick". The Association of Municipal Administrators of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved August 16, 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "Municipalities Act (R.S.N.B. 1973, c. M-22)". Government of New Brunswick. 1973. Retrieved April 24, 2015.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Types of Local Governments". Government of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved March 20, 2015.
  5. ↑ "Community Profiles". Government of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved January 17, 2016.
  6. ↑ "Municipalities (Cities, Towns, Villages) and Rural Communities". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved January 6, 2016.
  7. ↑ "Provincial Archives of New Brunswick". Government of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved January 17, 2016.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
  9. 1 2 "Establishing the Regional Municipality of Grand Tracadie-Sheila" (PDF). New Brunswick Department of Environment and Local Government. February 2014. Retrieved September 20, 2014.
  10. 1 2 3 "Rural Community of Kedgwick Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 15, 2012. p. 2. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  11. 1 2 "Rural Community of Cocagne Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 28, 2014. p. 2. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  12. 1 2 "Rural Community of Hanwell Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 28, 2014. p. 2. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  13. ↑ "Miramichi picks Adam Lordon as new mayor". CBC. November 14, 2016. Retrieved November 21, 2016.
  14. ↑ "New Brunswick Regulation 2017-3 under the Municipalities Act". Government of New Brunswick. March 20, 2017. Retrieved February 25, 2018.
  15. ↑ "No amalgamation for Sussex area, Haut-Madawaska". CBC. November 9, 2015. Retrieved November 21, 2016.
  16. 1 2 3 "Population and dwelling count amendments, 2016 Census". Statistics Canada. January 16, 2018. Retrieved February 3, 2018.
  17. ↑ "Regional Municipality of Grand Tracadie-Sheila Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick Office of the Attorney General. March 28, 2014. p. 3. Retrieved September 17, 2014.
  18. ↑ "Rural Community of Beaubassin East Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 24, 1995. p. 6. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  19. ↑ "Rural Community of Campobello Island Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. August 31, 2010. p. 2. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  20. ↑ "Rural Community of Saint-André Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. May 26, 2006. p. 4. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  21. ↑ "Rural Community of Upper Miramichi Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 17, 2008. p. 4. Retrieved September 22, 2014.

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